Female Therapists in Bridgeton, Portland, OR
![Photo of Amber Caldera, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/c3fe054e-dc6e-45a3-bd71-5c55a63d2cca/2/320x400.jpeg)
Amber Caldera
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bridgeton, Portland, OR 97217 (Online Only)
Hi! My case load is full but check out my website to match with one of my associates who would love to work with you! I am an LCSW in Oregon and Washington. I work with teens and adults particularly around trauma and more severe symptoms of anxiety and depression. I also work with those with chronic illness, body image issues, gender questions, and neurodivergence. I have a particular affinity for people who have endured trauma and who feel like they are outsiders. I pride myself in being culturally sensitive and welcoming to all, and someone who works as part of the LGBTQIA+ community. I'm an approved clinical supervisor in Oregon.
Hi! My case load is full but check out my website to match with one of my associates who would love to work with you! I am an LCSW in Oregon and Washington. I work with teens and adults particularly around trauma and more severe symptoms of anxiety and depression. I also work with those with chronic illness, body image issues, gender questions, and neurodivergence. I have a particular affinity for people who have endured trauma and who feel like they are outsiders. I pride myself in being culturally sensitive and welcoming to all, and someone who works as part of the LGBTQIA+ community. I'm an approved clinical supervisor in Oregon.
![Photo of Marlèn S. Conrad, MSW, LCSW, WSC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3b9769b8-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
Marlèn S. Conrad
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, WSC
Verified Verified
Bridgeton, Portland, OR 97211
In an atmosphere of insight and compassion, pathways leading to wellness, new beginnings and joy are possible. Working together, grounded in my in-depth knowledge of and experience in Jungian and contemporary psychotherapies, we illuminate outworn attitudes and patterns. By working with the art and science of psychotherapy, I foster your natural capacities for accessing your “inner compass”, your guide to spiritual gravity and conscious aging. As you tell your story, life events and choices you have made take on new meaning. A doorway opens to pervasive change that goes far beyond symptoms and previous goals.
In an atmosphere of insight and compassion, pathways leading to wellness, new beginnings and joy are possible. Working together, grounded in my in-depth knowledge of and experience in Jungian and contemporary psychotherapies, we illuminate outworn attitudes and patterns. By working with the art and science of psychotherapy, I foster your natural capacities for accessing your “inner compass”, your guide to spiritual gravity and conscious aging. As you tell your story, life events and choices you have made take on new meaning. A doorway opens to pervasive change that goes far beyond symptoms and previous goals.
![Photo of Karma L Brooks - Karma Brooks, LCSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/a1ba342a-ff39-474b-a8b6-0a91e3073910/1/320x400.jpeg)
Karma Brooks, LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bridgeton, Portland, OR 97211 (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I AM CURRENTLY FULL, however am taking referrals from clients and colleagues. TELETHERAPY ONLY (VIDEO SESSIONS) UNTIL FURTHER NOTICE. Karma is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and earned her Master's of Social Work from Portland State University. She has been working in the field of mental health and addiction services for the last 20 years. She works with adults, couples and adolescents. Her specialties include anxiety, depression, postpartum depression, impulse control, communication and addiction.
I AM CURRENTLY FULL, however am taking referrals from clients and colleagues. TELETHERAPY ONLY (VIDEO SESSIONS) UNTIL FURTHER NOTICE. Karma is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and earned her Master's of Social Work from Portland State University. She has been working in the field of mental health and addiction services for the last 20 years. She works with adults, couples and adolescents. Her specialties include anxiety, depression, postpartum depression, impulse control, communication and addiction.
![Photo of Chris Hansson, MA, LPC, LMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e790c802-d85a-49a2-aeca-c55042f2ee52/2/320x400.jpeg)
Chris Hansson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LMHC
Verified Verified
Bridgeton, Portland, OR 97211
New year, new you? It's time for a change: You are tired of the same issues and patterns popping up in times of stress (which seems to be all the time these days). Let's focus on the roadblocks in your life, and creating a plan to overcome them at a pace that feels comfortable to you.
New year, new you? It's time for a change: You are tired of the same issues and patterns popping up in times of stress (which seems to be all the time these days). Let's focus on the roadblocks in your life, and creating a plan to overcome them at a pace that feels comfortable to you.
![Photo of Shannon Rice, MA, LPC, SEP, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/d6771107-7a15-48c2-b356-2c208501818f/1/320x400.jpeg)
Shannon Rice
Counselor, MA, LPC, SEP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Bridgeton, Portland, OR 97211 (Online Only)
The human experience is rich, messy and complex. With the right support, you can navigate periods of change, transitions, shakiness, and uncertainty with less fear and more confidence. You can learn to use your body, senses, impulses, and intuition as invaluable tools. As a somatically oriented, Buddhist psychology-based therapist, my hope is to provide a dynamic and supportive context so that your innate wisdom, clarity, and self-compassion can emerge and blossom. I strongly believe in the healing power of humor, both in and out of the therapy room. You have more potential for freedom than you think!
The human experience is rich, messy and complex. With the right support, you can navigate periods of change, transitions, shakiness, and uncertainty with less fear and more confidence. You can learn to use your body, senses, impulses, and intuition as invaluable tools. As a somatically oriented, Buddhist psychology-based therapist, my hope is to provide a dynamic and supportive context so that your innate wisdom, clarity, and self-compassion can emerge and blossom. I strongly believe in the healing power of humor, both in and out of the therapy room. You have more potential for freedom than you think!
![Photo of Brittany England, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4607756b-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
Brittany England
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Bridgeton, Portland, OR 97211 (Online Only)
I will help you get to the heart of the matter, the root of what is causing suffering in your life, and we will work together to create the changes you seek. I work from a mind-body-spirit lens with a focus on nervous system regulation, somatic interventions, NLP, parts work, mindfulness, and EFT meridian tapping (Emotional Freedom Techniques). We work together to help unstick the parts of yourself and your life that are stuck. We will work together to create a different relationship with these parts so you can have the experience of being happy, healthy, well, and fulfilled in you life.
I will help you get to the heart of the matter, the root of what is causing suffering in your life, and we will work together to create the changes you seek. I work from a mind-body-spirit lens with a focus on nervous system regulation, somatic interventions, NLP, parts work, mindfulness, and EFT meridian tapping (Emotional Freedom Techniques). We work together to help unstick the parts of yourself and your life that are stuck. We will work together to create a different relationship with these parts so you can have the experience of being happy, healthy, well, and fulfilled in you life.
![Photo of Tracie Howell - Tracie Howell - NOCD, LMFT, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/19a730f7-563c-427b-9781-999126335953/1/320x400.jpeg)
From a young age, I found my passion in helping others. I knew the pain of feeling alone in my struggles, and having someone to talk to who understood made a difference. And as a mom of a teenage daughter, I witnessed the impact of OCD firsthand. My approach to treatment starts with building a connection. I'll meet you where you are and help you recognize your strength and power as you take control of OCD. At NOCD, my team and I specialize in providing evidence-based treatment for people with OCD. Our deep understanding of OCD's nuances allows us to properly diagnose and treat it.
From a young age, I found my passion in helping others. I knew the pain of feeling alone in my struggles, and having someone to talk to who understood made a difference. And as a mom of a teenage daughter, I witnessed the impact of OCD firsthand. My approach to treatment starts with building a connection. I'll meet you where you are and help you recognize your strength and power as you take control of OCD. At NOCD, my team and I specialize in providing evidence-based treatment for people with OCD. Our deep understanding of OCD's nuances allows us to properly diagnose and treat it.
![Photo of Emily Bilbao, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4034a7fe-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
Emily Bilbao
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bridgeton, Portland, OR 97211 (Online Only)
I am Licensed in New York, Oregon, and Washington. I have been trained in many approaches to therapy and I believe that it is my role to work collaboratively with my clients to find the approach that works best for them. I believe that healing takes place in the context of the relationship between therapist and client and that an important part of the work is developing a connection where one feels truly seen and heard. I also believe in helping my clients get in touch with deeper levels of awareness of their bodies/emotions and helping them to incorporate mindfulness practices into their lives.
I am Licensed in New York, Oregon, and Washington. I have been trained in many approaches to therapy and I believe that it is my role to work collaboratively with my clients to find the approach that works best for them. I believe that healing takes place in the context of the relationship between therapist and client and that an important part of the work is developing a connection where one feels truly seen and heard. I also believe in helping my clients get in touch with deeper levels of awareness of their bodies/emotions and helping them to incorporate mindfulness practices into their lives.
![Photo of Breanna Jeffries, LMHC, LPC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/53e42e06-35e3-4406-b7e7-556ae6a06a20/2/320x400.jpeg)
Would you like to experience life differently than you do now? Have you ever thought, “I’m not enough,” or “There’s something wrong with me." Perhaps you have suffered stressful or overwhelming experiences that are impacting you today. Maybe you've dealt with significant trauma. Often, these occurrences leave their mark in how we view the world around us and how we feel about who we are. Big and painful emotions can become mainstays in our day to day life. It doesn't have to be that way. As an EMDR therapist and Approved Consultant, I can help.
Would you like to experience life differently than you do now? Have you ever thought, “I’m not enough,” or “There’s something wrong with me." Perhaps you have suffered stressful or overwhelming experiences that are impacting you today. Maybe you've dealt with significant trauma. Often, these occurrences leave their mark in how we view the world around us and how we feel about who we are. Big and painful emotions can become mainstays in our day to day life. It doesn't have to be that way. As an EMDR therapist and Approved Consultant, I can help.
![Photo of Elena DuBose, MA, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/90b3e942-3949-4eeb-bc8d-db4ead42cba6/1/320x400.jpeg)
Elena DuBose
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bridgeton, Portland, OR 97211
In relationship work, I use PACT, to help navigate struggles with communication, sex and intimacy, big life transitions, and infidelity, moving you towards a secure functioning relationship. My goal is to help you become experts in reading each other's road maps. In individual work, I address sexual trauma, low self esteem, self criticism, depression and anxiety. Using mindfulness, we will bring awareness to patterns that prevent you from reaching your goals and creating supportive, meaningful relationships. By making slight shifts in old habits, you will begin to see your inner and outer world unfold.
In relationship work, I use PACT, to help navigate struggles with communication, sex and intimacy, big life transitions, and infidelity, moving you towards a secure functioning relationship. My goal is to help you become experts in reading each other's road maps. In individual work, I address sexual trauma, low self esteem, self criticism, depression and anxiety. Using mindfulness, we will bring awareness to patterns that prevent you from reaching your goals and creating supportive, meaningful relationships. By making slight shifts in old habits, you will begin to see your inner and outer world unfold.
![Photo of Jenna Abernathy, MA, LPC, CHT, LMT, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/a35c2f01-74a7-475e-953e-38ac49cf77aa/3/320x400.jpeg)
Jenna Abernathy
Counselor, MA, LPC, CHT, LMT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bridgeton, Portland, OR 97211
I see my job as helping you reconnect to and live from your inner truth. Do you feel you have been living in ways that feel like "not the real me"? Together we can uncover and validate what makes sense about unwanted behaviors and find the important impulse that lives underneath. I believe we each have wisdom inside that gets covered over with protective strategies, like the sun behind the clouds. I work with individuals and couples to facilitate reconnection to the heart of self and others.
I see my job as helping you reconnect to and live from your inner truth. Do you feel you have been living in ways that feel like "not the real me"? Together we can uncover and validate what makes sense about unwanted behaviors and find the important impulse that lives underneath. I believe we each have wisdom inside that gets covered over with protective strategies, like the sun behind the clouds. I work with individuals and couples to facilitate reconnection to the heart of self and others.
![Photo of Roxana I Nedelcu, PhD, BCBA-D, LBA](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/52d0e50a-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
I provide evidence-based treatment for children, and teens with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ages 2-14, and coaching to parents and teachers working with children on the spectrum. I have 20 years of experience working directly with children building communication, play, social, and academic skills. I also work with other therapists whom I oversee and consult. I am open to collaborate with other professionals and consult on any concerns related to ASD. We have immediate openings for children 2-5 who can be seen during the day.
I provide evidence-based treatment for children, and teens with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ages 2-14, and coaching to parents and teachers working with children on the spectrum. I have 20 years of experience working directly with children building communication, play, social, and academic skills. I also work with other therapists whom I oversee and consult. I am open to collaborate with other professionals and consult on any concerns related to ASD. We have immediate openings for children 2-5 who can be seen during the day.
![Photo of Sheri Annette Hamilton - Lily of the Valley Counseling & Coaching Svcs. LLC, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1f2e5ab4-c1e9-4921-b1c4-ffb76578147e/1/320x400.jpeg)
Lily of the Valley Counseling & Coaching Svcs. LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Bridgeton, Portland, OR 97211 (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Welcome to Lily of the Valley Counseling and Coaching Services LLC. My name is Sheri Hamilton and am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the State of Oregon. I provide culturally specific services to the African American and the BIPOC community. I specialize in women's issues, anxiety, depression and relationship challenges. I am also a Certified Transitional Life Coach that can support your needs such as divorce recovery, self-esteem issues, healthy boundary setting, and purpose coaching for clients seeking coaching only. I enjoy assisting clients evolve into the best version of themselves. Click the website tab for coaching only.
Welcome to Lily of the Valley Counseling and Coaching Services LLC. My name is Sheri Hamilton and am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the State of Oregon. I provide culturally specific services to the African American and the BIPOC community. I specialize in women's issues, anxiety, depression and relationship challenges. I am also a Certified Transitional Life Coach that can support your needs such as divorce recovery, self-esteem issues, healthy boundary setting, and purpose coaching for clients seeking coaching only. I enjoy assisting clients evolve into the best version of themselves. Click the website tab for coaching only.
![Photo of Therese Long, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1fec3f16-f2ef-44fb-8326-cf22b65d9f28/2/320x400.jpeg)
Therese Long
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bridgeton, Portland, OR 97211
Not accepting new clients
I believe the way to success in therapy is to find a therapist that is a good fit for your needs. Therapy is a relationship. One that works best when open, honest, and collaborative. I am invested in the client as an individual but also as a part of a greater system. I work from a systemic lens and believe deeply that our interactions and habits are greatly influenced by those around us and our previous experiences. My work with clients is done with the consideration of one’s identity, family history culture, and the world around us.
I believe the way to success in therapy is to find a therapist that is a good fit for your needs. Therapy is a relationship. One that works best when open, honest, and collaborative. I am invested in the client as an individual but also as a part of a greater system. I work from a systemic lens and believe deeply that our interactions and habits are greatly influenced by those around us and our previous experiences. My work with clients is done with the consideration of one’s identity, family history culture, and the world around us.
Online Therapists
![Photo of Dacia Fusaro, LCSW, EMDR, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/8cfff93b-d551-4d62-8c45-c3b2153a6ad4/2/320x400.jpeg)
I am passionate about working with people who want to heal past trauma and find more safety and happiness within themselves and their relationships as well as those who are moving through grief and loss. Is the past interfering with your quality of life and ability to sustain healthy relationships in the present? Do you feel stuck and unsure how to move forward? Have you recently lost someone you love or experienced a major life transition? Do you experience feelings of shame and hopelessness, nightmares, ruminating thoughts or addictive behavior? I provide a safe space to address past and present traumatic experiences and losses.
I am passionate about working with people who want to heal past trauma and find more safety and happiness within themselves and their relationships as well as those who are moving through grief and loss. Is the past interfering with your quality of life and ability to sustain healthy relationships in the present? Do you feel stuck and unsure how to move forward? Have you recently lost someone you love or experienced a major life transition? Do you experience feelings of shame and hopelessness, nightmares, ruminating thoughts or addictive behavior? I provide a safe space to address past and present traumatic experiences and losses.
![Photo of Andrea Siferd, LPCA, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ec803e41-e55d-4c2e-9333-6da9a3ecfab2/1/320x400.jpeg)
Are you struggling with anxiety and depression that just doesn't seem to go away? Is a previous or current experience of substance abuse negatively impacting your life? Are there big lifestyle changes you are currently adjusting to, such as parenting stress or relationship issues? Is there a traumatic experience you've gone through that makes it hard to get up in the morning? If you resonate with these concerns or issues, Andrea will be a good fit for you. Her experience in these concerns, matched with her qualifications and empathic nature, can be a great fit for any client who is feeling stuck, struggling, and needing support.
Are you struggling with anxiety and depression that just doesn't seem to go away? Is a previous or current experience of substance abuse negatively impacting your life? Are there big lifestyle changes you are currently adjusting to, such as parenting stress or relationship issues? Is there a traumatic experience you've gone through that makes it hard to get up in the morning? If you resonate with these concerns or issues, Andrea will be a good fit for you. Her experience in these concerns, matched with her qualifications and empathic nature, can be a great fit for any client who is feeling stuck, struggling, and needing support.
![Photo of Carin Lee Cunningham, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/2c7c8c01-46b7-438f-9dc2-8e551e95467a/2/320x400.jpeg)
Carin Lee Cunningham
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97218 (Online Only)
My goal is to meet the client where they are at and work together towards identifying what their struggles are, what gets in the way of addressing them and building skills to grow from there. Using mindfulness to increase awareness and understanding of the connection between mind and body we learn to recognize how emotions and other factors impact mood, attitude, attention and relationships. I view people through a trauma informed lens to ensure that all aspects of their past and present are considered possible influencers and may need to be better understood. I like to say my hope as your therapist is "helping you help yourself".
My goal is to meet the client where they are at and work together towards identifying what their struggles are, what gets in the way of addressing them and building skills to grow from there. Using mindfulness to increase awareness and understanding of the connection between mind and body we learn to recognize how emotions and other factors impact mood, attitude, attention and relationships. I view people through a trauma informed lens to ensure that all aspects of their past and present are considered possible influencers and may need to be better understood. I like to say my hope as your therapist is "helping you help yourself".
![Photo of Abby Feinstein, BS , Intern, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/a8a39f25-89c7-4422-bd11-319d02560040/1/320x400.jpeg)
Abby Feinstein
Pre-Licensed Professional, BS , Intern
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97225
I believe that the quality of human experience relies largely on our ability to live authentically as we are. I believe that enacting external changes is the most effective way to change internal experiences such as thoughts and emotions. In our work together, I will empower you to live a fulfilling life that is aligned with your unique values and goals.
I believe that the quality of human experience relies largely on our ability to live authentically as we are. I believe that enacting external changes is the most effective way to change internal experiences such as thoughts and emotions. In our work together, I will empower you to live a fulfilling life that is aligned with your unique values and goals.
![Photo of Brynna Sibilla, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/40ae9625-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
Brynna Sibilla
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97232
Waitlist for new clients
I have been in practice since 1994 and know that change, growth and healing is possible in the context of a therapeutic relationship. My style is safe, warm and straightforward. We will increase your access to and awareness of underlying beliefs and heighten your ability to tune into and better meet your own needs. You will learn to better tolerate your emotions and bodily sensations, developing an enhanced ability to healthfully soothe yourself. You will cultivate greater courage, clarity and flexibility. My clients create relationships with greater intimacy and become more consistently authentic, creative and effective.
I have been in practice since 1994 and know that change, growth and healing is possible in the context of a therapeutic relationship. My style is safe, warm and straightforward. We will increase your access to and awareness of underlying beliefs and heighten your ability to tune into and better meet your own needs. You will learn to better tolerate your emotions and bodily sensations, developing an enhanced ability to healthfully soothe yourself. You will cultivate greater courage, clarity and flexibility. My clients create relationships with greater intimacy and become more consistently authentic, creative and effective.
![Photo of Sheryl Wakeling-Cook, MA, MFT, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e25f89b5-b5bf-45cb-a917-960107282fc5/3/320x400.jpeg)
Sheryl Wakeling-Cook
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MFT, LPC
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97225 (Online Only)
You have decided to make some changes but do not know where to start. Your life, your marriage or your family, may seem out of control. You are a unique individual and you have within you great potential to make desired changes in your life. The relationship between client and therapist is based on trust and the hope filled possibility of that change. I will work with you as a collaborative guide to enable you to discover and map your chosen objectives. Small changes in your life will often results in positive changes in your relationships.
You have decided to make some changes but do not know where to start. Your life, your marriage or your family, may seem out of control. You are a unique individual and you have within you great potential to make desired changes in your life. The relationship between client and therapist is based on trust and the hope filled possibility of that change. I will work with you as a collaborative guide to enable you to discover and map your chosen objectives. Small changes in your life will often results in positive changes in your relationships.
See more therapy options for Bridgeton, Portland
Nearby Female Therapists Searches for Bridgeton, Portland
- Alberta Arts District
- Arbor Lodge
- Boise
- Concordia
- Humboldt
- Kenton
- King
- Piedmont
- Sabin
- Sunderland
- Vernon
- Woodlawn
Female Therapists
Does it matter what gender my therapist is?
In general, this is not an important factor, as there is no relationship between a therapist’s gender and their efficacy. Some clients, however, prefer to see therapists of a particular gender, whether due to their own past experiences with men and women, or ingrained beliefs about how people of different genders think and behave. Exploring the roots of such preferences and considering what one wants to address in therapy can help someone determine whether their therapist’s gender truly matters to them.
Should I see a female therapist?
Many people—not just women—prefer to see a female therapist, either because they believe that a woman will be able to relate to their specific challenges (for example, sexism in the workplace) or because they imagine feeling more comfortable disclosing sensitive information to a woman. Such beliefs may not turn out to be accurate, however, and adhering too rigidly to a gender preference can at times hinder a client from finding the best therapeutic match.
Do therapists get specific training to help with women’s concerns?
Therapists are trained to provide care to clients of any gender. However, some therapists—both men and women—may pursue additional training in feminist therapy, gender-specific issues, or women’s mental health. Female clients may wish to ask prospective therapists whether they have received specific training in the client’s primary area(s) of concern, or whether they have worked extensively with women on issues similar to their own.
How can I inquire about a therapist’s experience in treating women?
It’s OK—even encouraged!—to ask a therapist directly whether and how often they have treated women in the past, or whether they have treated women dealing with the client’s most prominent concern(s). Competent therapists will be happy to share their educational background, preferred treatment modalities, and prior client experience to help an individual find the therapist best suited to their needs.