Therapists in Dundee, OR

Photo of Shanna Severn, LPC, NCC, MS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Shanna Severn
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dundee, OR 97115  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Sometimes when we experience stress, loss or life transitions we can feel overwhelmed, alone and stuck. Therapy can offer you a safe space where you can become unstuck and evolve into You. In the therapeutic setting, I strive to provide a nonjudgmental, empathetic and supportive environment in which individuals can explore their hurts, struggles, hopes and dreams. Individuals will also gain skills, insight, and perspective which promote relief, healing and personal growth. Treatment is tailored specifically for you as there is "no one size fits all" when it comes to individual differences.
Sometimes when we experience stress, loss or life transitions we can feel overwhelmed, alone and stuck. Therapy can offer you a safe space where you can become unstuck and evolve into You. In the therapeutic setting, I strive to provide a nonjudgmental, empathetic and supportive environment in which individuals can explore their hurts, struggles, hopes and dreams. Individuals will also gain skills, insight, and perspective which promote relief, healing and personal growth. Treatment is tailored specifically for you as there is "no one size fits all" when it comes to individual differences.
(971) 264-7045 View (971) 264-7045
Photo of Sarah Elizabeth Sommerville, MA, LPC
Sarah Elizabeth Sommerville
MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dundee, OR 97115  (Online Only)
I approach counseling as a facilitator of growth and holistic health. I believe in order for clients to have a strong state of mental health they need to address not only their psychological health, but also their physical and spiritual health. I enjoy working with children, adolescents and adults.
I approach counseling as a facilitator of growth and holistic health. I believe in order for clients to have a strong state of mental health they need to address not only their psychological health, but also their physical and spiritual health. I enjoy working with children, adolescents and adults.
(503) 894-5745 View (503) 894-5745
Photo of Ali J Toedtemeier, LCSW, CADC-I, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ali J Toedtemeier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CADC-I
Verified Verified
Dundee, OR 97115
Waitlist for new clients
You did it! You made the first step of asking for support, and that is a huge step. If you are stressed, overwhelmed, dealing with change (which we always are), feeling alone, anxious, or struggling with whatever life has thrown at you, please know you don't have the go through it all alone. We are meant to connect with one another and therapy provides a safe, non-judgmental connection that can lead to promising outcomes.
You did it! You made the first step of asking for support, and that is a huge step. If you are stressed, overwhelmed, dealing with change (which we always are), feeling alone, anxious, or struggling with whatever life has thrown at you, please know you don't have the go through it all alone. We are meant to connect with one another and therapy provides a safe, non-judgmental connection that can lead to promising outcomes.
(503) 836-8629 View (503) 836-8629
Photo of Brooke Caouette, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brooke Caouette
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dundee, OR 97115
Trust that gut instinct that’s telling you something has to change and that healing is attainable. You don't have to fix yourself, figure it all out, or change on your own. If you've found yourself constantly pushing forward only to find that anxiety, exhaustion, depression, or loneliness persist and you have yet to find a relationship, substance, life change, or feeling of control that can make it better in any lasting way- it's time to for things to get better. Whether you are struggling with general fatigue from the state of our world or your past experiences have completely caught up to you, I’m here to help.
Trust that gut instinct that’s telling you something has to change and that healing is attainable. You don't have to fix yourself, figure it all out, or change on your own. If you've found yourself constantly pushing forward only to find that anxiety, exhaustion, depression, or loneliness persist and you have yet to find a relationship, substance, life change, or feeling of control that can make it better in any lasting way- it's time to for things to get better. Whether you are struggling with general fatigue from the state of our world or your past experiences have completely caught up to you, I’m here to help.
(503) 832-5751 View (503) 832-5751

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Laura Geczy-Haskins, PsyD, Psychologist
Laura Geczy-Haskins
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Newberg, OR 97132
Assessments start by meeting you and talking about what sort of issues you are experiencing, which helps me determine which assessments will target the areas you are struggling with. This first meeting can occur either in person or via telehealth. The second appointment is the longest, and I will have you complete a variety of assessments, depending on what the presenting problem is. I might also have you complete some assessments at home on the computer. After the testing is completed, I will score them and write up the results into a repot. We will then meet for a final time to discuss the results and recommendations.
Assessments start by meeting you and talking about what sort of issues you are experiencing, which helps me determine which assessments will target the areas you are struggling with. This first meeting can occur either in person or via telehealth. The second appointment is the longest, and I will have you complete a variety of assessments, depending on what the presenting problem is. I might also have you complete some assessments at home on the computer. After the testing is completed, I will score them and write up the results into a repot. We will then meet for a final time to discuss the results and recommendations.
(971) 253-7495 View (971) 253-7495
Photo of Mark R McMinn, PhD, ABPP, Psychologist
Mark R McMinn
Psychologist, PhD, ABPP
Verified Verified
Newberg, OR 97132  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Life can take your breath away. Maybe you're living under the dark cloud of depression, struggling with anxiety, or noticing a relationship fraying around the edges. Psychotherapy can often help in these liminal moments of life. I will listen to your story as you listen to your life. Together, we will use evidence-based best practices to help you move forward. If you choose, I am open to considering your religion and spirituality, pondering together how faith may help you find meaning in difficult days and how it can sometimes cause harm.
Life can take your breath away. Maybe you're living under the dark cloud of depression, struggling with anxiety, or noticing a relationship fraying around the edges. Psychotherapy can often help in these liminal moments of life. I will listen to your story as you listen to your life. Together, we will use evidence-based best practices to help you move forward. If you choose, I am open to considering your religion and spirituality, pondering together how faith may help you find meaning in difficult days and how it can sometimes cause harm.
(503) 743-0519 View (503) 743-0519
Photo of Jessica K Haney, MA, LPC, CADCII, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jessica K Haney
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CADCII
Verified Verified
Newberg, OR 97132  (Online Only)
The truth... life can be hard. It can feel even more difficult at certain points along the way. Why go through this alone? The suffering of the human heart is something that needs to be heard. Allow me to walk alongside you as you heal and change. If your at a point in your life that feels stuck, lonely, confusing, sad, or even angry, give yourself the opportunity to challenge this and break through. Together, we can discover the events in your life that are your struggles. Whether it's addiction, trauma, relationships or loss, its time to heal and get back to being you.
The truth... life can be hard. It can feel even more difficult at certain points along the way. Why go through this alone? The suffering of the human heart is something that needs to be heard. Allow me to walk alongside you as you heal and change. If your at a point in your life that feels stuck, lonely, confusing, sad, or even angry, give yourself the opportunity to challenge this and break through. Together, we can discover the events in your life that are your struggles. Whether it's addiction, trauma, relationships or loss, its time to heal and get back to being you.
(503) 308-7734 View (503) 308-7734
Photo of Becca M. Flatt, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Becca M. Flatt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Newberg, OR 97132
Seeking out mental health treatment is a supreme act of valor. It takes a great deal of courage to acknowledge when depression, anxiety, and PTSD are causing your life to be unmanageable. We all need someone to witness what it means to be human. Thank you for considering me as someone to walk down the path of healing with you.
Seeking out mental health treatment is a supreme act of valor. It takes a great deal of courage to acknowledge when depression, anxiety, and PTSD are causing your life to be unmanageable. We all need someone to witness what it means to be human. Thank you for considering me as someone to walk down the path of healing with you.
(971) 290-2671 View (971) 290-2671
Stephanie Billmyre
Clinical Social Work Associate, MSW
Verified Verified
Newberg, OR 97132
Not accepting new clients
I offer an eclectic treatment modality that may include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), attachment theory, and narrative therapy as well as a holistic and humanistic approach. CBT addresses how our thoughts dictate our behaviors and how to change the thought processes. DBT addresses emotional regulation with deep ties to mindfulness and skill building to learn to regulate emotions. Attachment theory is geared towards assisting the client in understanding their attachment style and building skills to form more healthy or meaningful relationships.
I offer an eclectic treatment modality that may include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), attachment theory, and narrative therapy as well as a holistic and humanistic approach. CBT addresses how our thoughts dictate our behaviors and how to change the thought processes. DBT addresses emotional regulation with deep ties to mindfulness and skill building to learn to regulate emotions. Attachment theory is geared towards assisting the client in understanding their attachment style and building skills to form more healthy or meaningful relationships.
(503) 980-3033 View (503) 980-3033
Photo of Antonio Rivera Santiago, MA, Psychologist
Antonio Rivera Santiago
Psychologist, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newberg, OR 97132  (Online Only)
Behavior change is difficult, even when you know the rewards that will follow. I am a licensed psychologist who has been providing psychological assessments and evidence-based treatment for children, teens, and adults, while also providing treatment for anxiety and mood conditions. Do you or a loved one has difficulty at school, work, or with relationships? Are you concerned about your child's social development? Are you wondering if your child has ADHD or a learning disability? Are you concerned about changes with your parent's memory or behavior? If you answered "yes" to any of these questions then he can help.
Behavior change is difficult, even when you know the rewards that will follow. I am a licensed psychologist who has been providing psychological assessments and evidence-based treatment for children, teens, and adults, while also providing treatment for anxiety and mood conditions. Do you or a loved one has difficulty at school, work, or with relationships? Are you concerned about your child's social development? Are you wondering if your child has ADHD or a learning disability? Are you concerned about changes with your parent's memory or behavior? If you answered "yes" to any of these questions then he can help.
(302) 202-3432 View (302) 202-3432
Photo of Vanessa A Hays, LMSW
Vanessa A Hays
Clinical Social Work Associate, LMSW
Verified Verified
Newberg, OR 97132  (Online Only)
I work with individuals of all ages but specialize in working with children, pre-teens, and teens. Currently, I am only offering sessions through telehealth and would love to work alongside you on your journey towards hope and healing. In addition to lived experience, I have worked for over 10 years with individuals with symptoms of anxiety, depression, trauma, and stress. My goal is to build a collaborative therapeutic relationship and create a safe and accepting space where you can process your feelings and life experiences.
I work with individuals of all ages but specialize in working with children, pre-teens, and teens. Currently, I am only offering sessions through telehealth and would love to work alongside you on your journey towards hope and healing. In addition to lived experience, I have worked for over 10 years with individuals with symptoms of anxiety, depression, trauma, and stress. My goal is to build a collaborative therapeutic relationship and create a safe and accepting space where you can process your feelings and life experiences.
(503) 468-4682 View (503) 468-4682
Photo of Mindy Sutton, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Mindy Sutton
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newberg, OR 97132
Waitlist for new clients
I am passionate about helping couples strengthen their bond and feel comfortable & secure sharing their vulnerabilities. I work with couples, individuals, and First Responders experiencing relationship distress, anxiety, depression, or trauma. I have been married for over 30 years to a Lieutenant/Paramedic in the fire service, a mother of two grown children, and have more than thirty years of experience working with teens and adults in medical and Christian-based settings. I understand the impact a stressful career and busy lifestyle have on people, their marriages, and their families.
I am passionate about helping couples strengthen their bond and feel comfortable & secure sharing their vulnerabilities. I work with couples, individuals, and First Responders experiencing relationship distress, anxiety, depression, or trauma. I have been married for over 30 years to a Lieutenant/Paramedic in the fire service, a mother of two grown children, and have more than thirty years of experience working with teens and adults in medical and Christian-based settings. I understand the impact a stressful career and busy lifestyle have on people, their marriages, and their families.
(503) 506-4754 View (503) 506-4754
Photo of Kate Allen, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kate Allen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Newberg, OR 97132
I work with young people and adults who struggle with anxiety, overwhelm, burn out, feeling down, low or stuck. I also work well with parents and people going through divorce. Whether through talk therapy or EMDR, we'll work toward achieving your goals and help you feel better. Together we'll incorporate coping skills and process past trauma or difficulties to address the underlying issues that still bother you today. I can help you check to see if you have out of network insurance benefits you can use to help reimburse you for the cost of therapy.
I work with young people and adults who struggle with anxiety, overwhelm, burn out, feeling down, low or stuck. I also work well with parents and people going through divorce. Whether through talk therapy or EMDR, we'll work toward achieving your goals and help you feel better. Together we'll incorporate coping skills and process past trauma or difficulties to address the underlying issues that still bother you today. I can help you check to see if you have out of network insurance benefits you can use to help reimburse you for the cost of therapy.
(971) 290-1693 View (971) 290-1693
Photo of Julia Jakubowski, MSW, LCSW
Julia Jakubowski
MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Newberg, OR 97132
My clients are often those keenly aware of the complex time we live in, and are interested to understand what is keeping them from having the vibrant life they seek. You are doing "all the right things," and yet you continue to feel unfulfilled, anxious - in your relationships, sex life, in your work. You might feel stuck creatively. You feel distant, or at odds with your physical body. You'd like to know your story more fully, to understand how past experiences and cultural conditioning have impacted you, and to give your story voice, so you can express yourself - in relationships, work, art - from a place of deeper authenticity.
My clients are often those keenly aware of the complex time we live in, and are interested to understand what is keeping them from having the vibrant life they seek. You are doing "all the right things," and yet you continue to feel unfulfilled, anxious - in your relationships, sex life, in your work. You might feel stuck creatively. You feel distant, or at odds with your physical body. You'd like to know your story more fully, to understand how past experiences and cultural conditioning have impacted you, and to give your story voice, so you can express yourself - in relationships, work, art - from a place of deeper authenticity.
(971) 287-7208 View (971) 287-7208
Photo of Luann Foster - Luann Foster PsyD LLC, PsyD, Psychologist
Luann Foster PsyD LLC
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newberg, OR 97132
With a previous career in health and wellness and over 10 years working in the mental health field, I work to provide care from a wholistic perspective and a primary focus on patterns of how we relate with ourselves and others as we navigate our days. I work with adults struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, suicidal thoughts, etc. I consider it a tremendous honor to join each of my clients in their life journey.
With a previous career in health and wellness and over 10 years working in the mental health field, I work to provide care from a wholistic perspective and a primary focus on patterns of how we relate with ourselves and others as we navigate our days. I work with adults struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, suicidal thoughts, etc. I consider it a tremendous honor to join each of my clients in their life journey.
(503) 966-0798 View (503) 966-0798
Photo of Shannon Wagner, OTD, OTR/L, Occupational Therapist
Shannon Wagner
Occupational Therapist, OTD, OTR/L
Verified Verified
Newberg, OR 97132  (Online Only)
I specialize in un or newly diagnosed Neurodivergent adults understand how Autism, ADHD, and/or cPTSD impacts their daily life. I specialize in working with women as they are often mis-diagnosed, gaslit, and generally have more difficulty navigating neurodivergence in our society. Throughout our work we hold space for the pain and hurt that comes with having invisible disabilities and how you were treated up to this point in your life by society. Our work focuses on helping you understand your system so you can navigate & find your own path in society. Please go to my website and hit schedule to get started.
I specialize in un or newly diagnosed Neurodivergent adults understand how Autism, ADHD, and/or cPTSD impacts their daily life. I specialize in working with women as they are often mis-diagnosed, gaslit, and generally have more difficulty navigating neurodivergence in our society. Throughout our work we hold space for the pain and hurt that comes with having invisible disabilities and how you were treated up to this point in your life by society. Our work focuses on helping you understand your system so you can navigate & find your own path in society. Please go to my website and hit schedule to get started.
(503) 400-3417 View (503) 400-3417
Photo of Tiffany Looney, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tiffany Looney
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Newberg, OR 97132  (Online Only)
My areas of expertise include diagnosis and therapy for autistic adults, relational therapy for individuals and couples, and therapy for individuals with histories of trauma and abuse, especially emotional abuse. My perspective is neurodiversity-affirming, attachment based, and emotionally focused. I support people in living their most authentic and connected lives through self-compassion, nervous system regulation, awareness and validation. I love helping clients experience authentic connection with themselves and with their loved ones.
My areas of expertise include diagnosis and therapy for autistic adults, relational therapy for individuals and couples, and therapy for individuals with histories of trauma and abuse, especially emotional abuse. My perspective is neurodiversity-affirming, attachment based, and emotionally focused. I support people in living their most authentic and connected lives through self-compassion, nervous system regulation, awareness and validation. I love helping clients experience authentic connection with themselves and with their loved ones.
(971) 252-7461 View (971) 252-7461
Photo of Rodney D Robbins, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rodney D Robbins
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Newberg, OR 97132
Not accepting new clients
Simply put, most of the time individuals coming to therapy know what the problem is, and what needs to be done. The therapy process is about addressing the barriers to doing what you need to do, to have the life you want. Individuals who come to see me are looking to make needed changes in their life, but want assistance achieving it. The barriers can include trauma, beliefs, attitudes, habits, or a myriad of other things that get in the way of change. It's about overcoming the barriers so you can live a meaningful and fulfilling life.
Simply put, most of the time individuals coming to therapy know what the problem is, and what needs to be done. The therapy process is about addressing the barriers to doing what you need to do, to have the life you want. Individuals who come to see me are looking to make needed changes in their life, but want assistance achieving it. The barriers can include trauma, beliefs, attitudes, habits, or a myriad of other things that get in the way of change. It's about overcoming the barriers so you can live a meaningful and fulfilling life.
(503) 379-9638 View (503) 379-9638
Photo of Rhonda Andrews, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rhonda Andrews
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newberg, OR 97132
Not accepting new clients
"I believe as children, adults, and families grow and go through developmental stages, crisis can occur that lead them to the point of needing some extra support to get through the crisis time. I believe in self determination, and that a person ultimately knows what is best for themself. Additionally, I believe that parents are the experts regarding their own children. Parents know their children better than anyone. Advocacy for children"s safety, health and well being continues to be an important factor in my career, and I believe education is the best way to achieve this."
"I believe as children, adults, and families grow and go through developmental stages, crisis can occur that lead them to the point of needing some extra support to get through the crisis time. I believe in self determination, and that a person ultimately knows what is best for themself. Additionally, I believe that parents are the experts regarding their own children. Parents know their children better than anyone. Advocacy for children"s safety, health and well being continues to be an important factor in my career, and I believe education is the best way to achieve this."
(971) 236-4045 View (971) 236-4045
Photo of Elizabeth A. Hadley, LMFT, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Elizabeth A. Hadley
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Newberg, OR 97132  (Online Only)
Hi there and welcome! Sometimes it can be difficult to begin therapy. My desire is to be a resource and safe place for you to explore your needs. I am humbled on a daily basis by the bravery and strength of my clients. Your health and mental well-being are my highest priority as you begin this journey towards help and healing. To help this process, I offer free, 30 minute consultations. This is an opportunity for you to get to know me and decide how you would like to continue. . It is an honor to be a part of this process with you.
Hi there and welcome! Sometimes it can be difficult to begin therapy. My desire is to be a resource and safe place for you to explore your needs. I am humbled on a daily basis by the bravery and strength of my clients. Your health and mental well-being are my highest priority as you begin this journey towards help and healing. To help this process, I offer free, 30 minute consultations. This is an opportunity for you to get to know me and decide how you would like to continue. . It is an honor to be a part of this process with you.
(971) 701-2035 View (971) 701-2035

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Dundee, OR

< 10

Therapists in Dundee, OR who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Trauma and PTSD
75% Spirituality
75% Behavioral Issues
75% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Regence
50% Aetna
50% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Dundee, OR see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Dundee?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.