Trauma and PTSD Therapists in Cornelius, OR
Christina Anderson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Cornelius, OR 97113 (Online Only)
This eclectic approach has been effective in treating individuals with depression, anxiety, life transitions, LGBTQ situations, trauma, grief, self-harm behaviors, and family conflicts.
My professional counseling work in the behavioral and mental health field has been a learning and practice journey. After I completed my A.A. in 2008 in Criminal Justice, I continued to complete my B.S. in 2010 and my M.S. in 2011 in Psychology from the University of Phoenix. During that process, I provided services for a variety of populations. Feeling that I wanted more training, I earned another M.S. in Mental Health Counseling in 2017 from Capella University while also making the President’s List. I am currently a Licensed Professional Counselor in South Carolina and a registered out-of-state telehealth provider for Florida.
This eclectic approach has been effective in treating individuals with depression, anxiety, life transitions, LGBTQ situations, trauma, grief, self-harm behaviors, and family conflicts.
My professional counseling work in the behavioral and mental health field has been a learning and practice journey. After I completed my A.A. in 2008 in Criminal Justice, I continued to complete my B.S. in 2010 and my M.S. in 2011 in Psychology from the University of Phoenix. During that process, I provided services for a variety of populations. Feeling that I wanted more training, I earned another M.S. in Mental Health Counseling in 2017 from Capella University while also making the President’s List. I am currently a Licensed Professional Counselor in South Carolina and a registered out-of-state telehealth provider for Florida.
Auzadeh Harvey
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CMHC, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
Cornelius, OR 97113 (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
All of us have bad days, days when we don't feel in control of our emotions or regret our actions. Oftentimes, we struggle to seek therapy because we're fearful of being judged or don't know what the process may entail. I'm a straight forward yet laid back therapist that strives to make a space where you can work on the problems you're facing. I primarily work on trauma, parenting, stressors, and transitions with adult clients. I am trained in numerous modalities including some cutting edge options like Reconsolidation of Traumatic Memories (RTM). If you're seeking a straight forward provider who might cuss, give me a call.
All of us have bad days, days when we don't feel in control of our emotions or regret our actions. Oftentimes, we struggle to seek therapy because we're fearful of being judged or don't know what the process may entail. I'm a straight forward yet laid back therapist that strives to make a space where you can work on the problems you're facing. I primarily work on trauma, parenting, stressors, and transitions with adult clients. I am trained in numerous modalities including some cutting edge options like Reconsolidation of Traumatic Memories (RTM). If you're seeking a straight forward provider who might cuss, give me a call.
My specialty training includes working with occupational trauma, medical trauma, and pregnancy and infant loss.
Typically my clients reach out to me because of feelings of sadness, worry, and disconnection in important relationships. My clients are often people who describe themselves as being “do-ers”, goal oriented people who have difficulty slowing down to understand their internal world and why they do what they do. Many of my clients are medical professionals, first responders, and veterans who have worked hard to train themselves to manage their emotional reactions because of the need to focus and perform in their work setting.
My specialty training includes working with occupational trauma, medical trauma, and pregnancy and infant loss.
Typically my clients reach out to me because of feelings of sadness, worry, and disconnection in important relationships. My clients are often people who describe themselves as being “do-ers”, goal oriented people who have difficulty slowing down to understand their internal world and why they do what they do. Many of my clients are medical professionals, first responders, and veterans who have worked hard to train themselves to manage their emotional reactions because of the need to focus and perform in their work setting.
More Therapists Nearby
Danette C. Gillespie-Otto
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Beaverton, OR 97007
Communion is being together and speaking the language of the heart. It is a spiritual and psychological journey with a companion who cares. If you are seeking peace, clarity, deeper meaning in life, more satisfaction in your relationships, greater creativity, and improved well-being, I am here to assist you on your journey of wellness. I specialize in working with Women of Color. If anxiety, grief, past trauma, racism, internalized oppression, cultural dislocation, workplace or relationship stress prevent you from being who you want to be, I am here to help you find your true Self.
Communion is being together and speaking the language of the heart. It is a spiritual and psychological journey with a companion who cares. If you are seeking peace, clarity, deeper meaning in life, more satisfaction in your relationships, greater creativity, and improved well-being, I am here to assist you on your journey of wellness. I specialize in working with Women of Color. If anxiety, grief, past trauma, racism, internalized oppression, cultural dislocation, workplace or relationship stress prevent you from being who you want to be, I am here to help you find your true Self.
Chanda V Haynes
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ACS, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Hillsboro, OR 97124 (Online Only)
Our trauma can leave us with feelings of shame, resentment, and guilt. When we don't take the time for our own recovery and healing, we can find ourselves becoming stressed and overwhelmed. We become unrecognizable to ourselves and disconnected from our own needs. Our physical health is impacted. We experience spiraling thoughts and an inability to relax. Our anger and sadness are easily triggered. We sabotage our important relationships. We lack trust and fear intimacy. We find ourselves feeling undeserving of the goodness life has to offer.
Our trauma can leave us with feelings of shame, resentment, and guilt. When we don't take the time for our own recovery and healing, we can find ourselves becoming stressed and overwhelmed. We become unrecognizable to ourselves and disconnected from our own needs. Our physical health is impacted. We experience spiraling thoughts and an inability to relax. Our anger and sadness are easily triggered. We sabotage our important relationships. We lack trust and fear intimacy. We find ourselves feeling undeserving of the goodness life has to offer.
Breanna Munsell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Forest Grove, OR 97116
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Play Therapist certified in CBT, TBRI, DBT, Theraplay, and have post-graduate certificates in Therapy with Adoptive and Foster Families and Infant-Toddler Mental Health, as well as training in TF-EMDR I am a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional and Certified Grief Informed Professional.
Welcome to a safe space where your journey towards mental and emotional well-being begins. As a dedicated mental health therapist, my primary focus is on fostering empathy and establishing a profound connection with each individual who walks through my door. Your unique experiences and struggles matter, and together, we will navigate the path to healing, growth, and resilience. Together, we'll navigate life's challenges, foster resilience, and unlock your full potential. Let's embark on this transformative path to healing and growth.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Play Therapist certified in CBT, TBRI, DBT, Theraplay, and have post-graduate certificates in Therapy with Adoptive and Foster Families and Infant-Toddler Mental Health, as well as training in TF-EMDR I am a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional and Certified Grief Informed Professional.
Welcome to a safe space where your journey towards mental and emotional well-being begins. As a dedicated mental health therapist, my primary focus is on fostering empathy and establishing a profound connection with each individual who walks through my door. Your unique experiences and struggles matter, and together, we will navigate the path to healing, growth, and resilience. Together, we'll navigate life's challenges, foster resilience, and unlock your full potential. Let's embark on this transformative path to healing and growth.
Couples, child and family therapy office
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Aloha, OR 97007 (Online Only)
I specialize in: Anxiety & Trauma and Relationship Issues.
It's not how many problems you have, it's how you resolve them. Can you identify conflicts in your relationship? Can you find ways to be closer? Reconnect with your partner. Deepen your intimacy using emotional intelligence. You can heal through your relationship.. You can feel truly seen and truly heard. I specialize in helping couples and individuals: heal in a safe, compassionate space.
I specialize in: Anxiety & Trauma and Relationship Issues.
It's not how many problems you have, it's how you resolve them. Can you identify conflicts in your relationship? Can you find ways to be closer? Reconnect with your partner. Deepen your intimacy using emotional intelligence. You can heal through your relationship.. You can feel truly seen and truly heard. I specialize in helping couples and individuals: heal in a safe, compassionate space.
Life can be wonderful, but it also is full of hardships and struggles. Keeping it all inside often leads to more suffering. One can feel caught in patterns affecting all aspects of their lives, but I know people can grow. Therefore, I provide an environment of support, respect, warmth, and empathy where you are heard and seen. My passion is assisting traumatized and distressed patients in their healing. Common trauma symptoms include anxiety; depression; obsessions; compulsions; physical and emotional distress; difficulty concentrating, sleeping, connecting with others; negative feelings and thoughts; and feeling isolated, alone.
Life can be wonderful, but it also is full of hardships and struggles. Keeping it all inside often leads to more suffering. One can feel caught in patterns affecting all aspects of their lives, but I know people can grow. Therefore, I provide an environment of support, respect, warmth, and empathy where you are heard and seen. My passion is assisting traumatized and distressed patients in their healing. Common trauma symptoms include anxiety; depression; obsessions; compulsions; physical and emotional distress; difficulty concentrating, sleeping, connecting with others; negative feelings and thoughts; and feeling isolated, alone.
Peggy Van Duyne
Licensed Psychoanalyst, LPC, LMHC
Verified Verified
Aloha, OR 97006 (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am an Insight oriented, GLBTQIA friendly and anti-racist practitioner. I focus on long-term change and improved well-being while working towards "here and now" self-compassion, self-care and behavioral changes to achieve lasting change. I strive to promote advocacy, social justice and inherent self worth with each client. I work with clients concerned with substance use/abuse, self-esteem, depression, anxiety, life transitions, trauma and emotional regulation concerns among other areas of concern. You may see more about my areas of focus in my profile.
I am an Insight oriented, GLBTQIA friendly and anti-racist practitioner. I focus on long-term change and improved well-being while working towards "here and now" self-compassion, self-care and behavioral changes to achieve lasting change. I strive to promote advocacy, social justice and inherent self worth with each client. I work with clients concerned with substance use/abuse, self-esteem, depression, anxiety, life transitions, trauma and emotional regulation concerns among other areas of concern. You may see more about my areas of focus in my profile.
Jewel Schneider
Clinical Social Work Associate, CSWA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hillsboro, OR 97123
My therapeutic approach is a strengths-based, trauma sensitive approach to healing.
Do you feel at times like the weight of your world is on your shoulders and you are barely able to breathe? Do you feel stuck in your life not knowing which direction to turn because you have lost yourself in the stressors of life? Are you someone who has just wanted to be heard, validated, and empowered to believe in yourself? We all experience these feelings, and you have taken the first step in your healing journey. Allow me to walk alongside you and support you from a non-judgmental, compassionate, empathetic and safe space. You are the expert in your life, and you know deep down inside what you envision for your life.
My therapeutic approach is a strengths-based, trauma sensitive approach to healing.
Do you feel at times like the weight of your world is on your shoulders and you are barely able to breathe? Do you feel stuck in your life not knowing which direction to turn because you have lost yourself in the stressors of life? Are you someone who has just wanted to be heard, validated, and empowered to believe in yourself? We all experience these feelings, and you have taken the first step in your healing journey. Allow me to walk alongside you and support you from a non-judgmental, compassionate, empathetic and safe space. You are the expert in your life, and you know deep down inside what you envision for your life.
Deborah Lynn Harrison
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hillsboro, OR 97006
I combine psychodynamic with client-centered theories and when needed a trauma informed approach when working with people to support mind, body, and psychological needs.
I provide therapy for men and women around life transitions, grief, depression, anxiety, relationship issues, guilt and shame, recovering from physical or sexual abuse, trauma and PTSD, identity and self image, spiritual development and spiritual abuse. I personally and professionally understand the dynamics that accompany many of these life challenges. The art of counseling is in the sensitivity, presence, attunement and humility that a counselor demonstrates when building a relationship with a client.
I combine psychodynamic with client-centered theories and when needed a trauma informed approach when working with people to support mind, body, and psychological needs.
I provide therapy for men and women around life transitions, grief, depression, anxiety, relationship issues, guilt and shame, recovering from physical or sexual abuse, trauma and PTSD, identity and self image, spiritual development and spiritual abuse. I personally and professionally understand the dynamics that accompany many of these life challenges. The art of counseling is in the sensitivity, presence, attunement and humility that a counselor demonstrates when building a relationship with a client.
NW Intrinsic Psychotherapy
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Beaverton, OR 97006
Waitlist for new clients
Drs. Chanel Dismuke & Calle Pierson have experience in a broad range of concerns, including depression, anxiety, ADHD, trauma, and concerns related to individuals in the LGBTQA2s+ and BIPOC communities. Our goal is to provide evidence-based individual therapy services in a safe, collaborative environment. We aim to help you explore your sense of self, values, and goals and to help you identify and address barriers achieving your goals and promoting quality of life.
Drs. Chanel Dismuke & Calle Pierson have experience in a broad range of concerns, including depression, anxiety, ADHD, trauma, and concerns related to individuals in the LGBTQA2s+ and BIPOC communities. Our goal is to provide evidence-based individual therapy services in a safe, collaborative environment. We aim to help you explore your sense of self, values, and goals and to help you identify and address barriers achieving your goals and promoting quality of life.
My approach consists of evidence-based treatment including, Cognitive Behaviotal Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy(DBT), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR for trauma, anxiety, depression).
I am passionate about exploring your story at your own pace and helping you become unstuck, feel alive, and move towards the "you" that you know you can be. If life is currently difficult for you, allow me to provide guidance, support, accountability, and a therapeutic relationship. I specialize in EMDR therapy and find it an effective way to process difficult target memories that are stuck in our minds. For any life challenge that you are experiencing, let's get started addressing the root problem.
My approach consists of evidence-based treatment including, Cognitive Behaviotal Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy(DBT), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR for trauma, anxiety, depression).
I am passionate about exploring your story at your own pace and helping you become unstuck, feel alive, and move towards the "you" that you know you can be. If life is currently difficult for you, allow me to provide guidance, support, accountability, and a therapeutic relationship. I specialize in EMDR therapy and find it an effective way to process difficult target memories that are stuck in our minds. For any life challenge that you are experiencing, let's get started addressing the root problem.
Dawn Cottrell
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Beaverton, OR 97006 (Online Only)
Finding the right therapist is important. I offer strength-based confidential counseling and support for people working on gender identity, anxiety, depression, and trauma. If you think you are ready, do contact me. You are very much worth it!
Finding the right therapist is important. I offer strength-based confidential counseling and support for people working on gender identity, anxiety, depression, and trauma. If you think you are ready, do contact me. You are very much worth it!
Traumas and resulting PTSD are special areas of our concerns and treatment.
Oregon Directions is a team of counselors accepting new clients now in Washington, Clackamas, Multnomah, Linn, Benton, Lincoln, & Lane Counties in Oregon. We provide the client the safe space and caring opportunity to be professionally counseled and supported with on-going assistance to grow and excel. Each client is unique and deserves special, professional care. Clients are not just a number, but multi-faceted humans beings, who are entitled to the best mental health and wellness care available. We have the counselors who are passionate and have dedicated themselves to achieving the best possible results for each client.
Traumas and resulting PTSD are special areas of our concerns and treatment.
Oregon Directions is a team of counselors accepting new clients now in Washington, Clackamas, Multnomah, Linn, Benton, Lincoln, & Lane Counties in Oregon. We provide the client the safe space and caring opportunity to be professionally counseled and supported with on-going assistance to grow and excel. Each client is unique and deserves special, professional care. Clients are not just a number, but multi-faceted humans beings, who are entitled to the best mental health and wellness care available. We have the counselors who are passionate and have dedicated themselves to achieving the best possible results for each client.
Kaitlyn Iseminger
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Hillsboro, OR 97124 (Online Only)
I am a trauma focused provider, which means that I am keenly aware of how our past can be triggering in relationships and create deep wounds that still hurt even around the people we love and trust.
Accepting New Clients ; Email is preferred for inquires : I believe therapy is a space for you to be heard, because everyone is someone with a unique past and perspective. I am excited to work with you and learn your stories while we go through the healing journey together. I am equipped and passionate about helping you move through the darker parts of your life, past or present. All of us do our best in any circumstance yet sometimes the tools that helped us through the darker times are the same things holding us back now. You can overcome anything, and I would love to help re-equip you with the tools you need to move forward.
I am a trauma focused provider, which means that I am keenly aware of how our past can be triggering in relationships and create deep wounds that still hurt even around the people we love and trust.
Accepting New Clients ; Email is preferred for inquires : I believe therapy is a space for you to be heard, because everyone is someone with a unique past and perspective. I am excited to work with you and learn your stories while we go through the healing journey together. I am equipped and passionate about helping you move through the darker parts of your life, past or present. All of us do our best in any circumstance yet sometimes the tools that helped us through the darker times are the same things holding us back now. You can overcome anything, and I would love to help re-equip you with the tools you need to move forward.
Ashley Terry
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LPC, LMHC, CADC
Verified Verified
Hillsboro, OR 97124 (Online Only)
Specialty areas include eating disorders, body image distress, anxiety disorders (social anxiety, generalized anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, illness anxiety disorder), PTSD/C-PTSD, substance abuse, sex, and gambling use disorders, relational and marital issues, divorce/separation, life transitions, as well as grief and loss.
Hello I am Ashley it is nice to meet you. I am currently taking new clients in OR and WA. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and Certified Drug and Alcohol Counselor in the State of Oregon, as well as a License Mental Health Counselor in the State of Washington. I have provided treatment to individuals suffering from eating disorders, substance use disorders, severe and persistent mental illness, marital and relational issues, grief and loss, as well as all forms of anxiety disorders, mood disorders and a vast range of substance, sex and gambling disorders.
Specialty areas include eating disorders, body image distress, anxiety disorders (social anxiety, generalized anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, illness anxiety disorder), PTSD/C-PTSD, substance abuse, sex, and gambling use disorders, relational and marital issues, divorce/separation, life transitions, as well as grief and loss.
Hello I am Ashley it is nice to meet you. I am currently taking new clients in OR and WA. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and Certified Drug and Alcohol Counselor in the State of Oregon, as well as a License Mental Health Counselor in the State of Washington. I have provided treatment to individuals suffering from eating disorders, substance use disorders, severe and persistent mental illness, marital and relational issues, grief and loss, as well as all forms of anxiety disorders, mood disorders and a vast range of substance, sex and gambling disorders.
Yulia Tsarenko Carey
Professional Counselor Associate, PCA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Beaverton, OR 97006
As a trauma-informed therapist with a multicultural background, I specialize in helping people like you.
Feeling stuck in old patterns? You're not alone. Maybe you're grappling with anxiety that keeps you on edge, or depression that colors your world gray. Perhaps trauma from your past is holding you back from living fully in the present. Or you might be an athlete struggling to perform under pressure, your mind becoming your toughest opponent. You're seeking more than just temporary relief—you want lasting change, a chance to rewrite your story and reclaim your life. You're ready to understand yourself better, to develop new coping strategies, to feel more in control.
As a trauma-informed therapist with a multicultural background, I specialize in helping people like you.
Feeling stuck in old patterns? You're not alone. Maybe you're grappling with anxiety that keeps you on edge, or depression that colors your world gray. Perhaps trauma from your past is holding you back from living fully in the present. Or you might be an athlete struggling to perform under pressure, your mind becoming your toughest opponent. You're seeking more than just temporary relief—you want lasting change, a chance to rewrite your story and reclaim your life. You're ready to understand yourself better, to develop new coping strategies, to feel more in control.
Tahlia R Harrison
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, MFTA, LMT
Verified Verified
Beaverton, OR 97006 (Online Only)
I specialize in supporting challenges like Anxiety, Life Transitions, Adult Children of Unstable or Abusive Parents, Caregiver & Care Professional Needs, PTSD, Relational Trauma, Complicated Grief and Loss, Relationship Difficulties and Attachment, Self-esteem & Other Identity Issues, Psychedelic Integration.
I aim to work with people are open to collaboration, helping them to examine how their inner and external relationships may be supporting or inhibiting their present life and future visions. I am committed to providing contextually affirming practice and approach each session with curiosity, warmth, compassion, and respect for clients' unique lived experience. I love supporting others in retuning to self and witness the transformation that occurs during therapeutic process. I look forward to meeting all who wish to develop a deeper understanding self and relationships; if this speaks to you, please reach out!
I specialize in supporting challenges like Anxiety, Life Transitions, Adult Children of Unstable or Abusive Parents, Caregiver & Care Professional Needs, PTSD, Relational Trauma, Complicated Grief and Loss, Relationship Difficulties and Attachment, Self-esteem & Other Identity Issues, Psychedelic Integration.
I aim to work with people are open to collaboration, helping them to examine how their inner and external relationships may be supporting or inhibiting their present life and future visions. I am committed to providing contextually affirming practice and approach each session with curiosity, warmth, compassion, and respect for clients' unique lived experience. I love supporting others in retuning to self and witness the transformation that occurs during therapeutic process. I look forward to meeting all who wish to develop a deeper understanding self and relationships; if this speaks to you, please reach out!
Are you struggling with negative or difficult emotions? Have your childhood struggles or a trauma taken on a life of their own? Are you feeling “stuck” and want to be more in control of your life? Allow me to partner with you to teach you useful tools to help process, refocus, redirect, and enhance the quality of your life.
As a daughter to immigrant parents, I had the privilege of learning about diversity first-hand and gained a multicultural perspective. I speak Spanish and would love to extend the healing to the Latinx community. I also offer faith-based counseling services if you would like to bring your spiritual beliefs into treatment. I graduated from Hope International University with my Masters in Marriage and Family Therapy. I am passionate about and have experience working with children and families with depression, anxiety, grief/loss, crisis, ADHD, and trauma. Allow me the opportunity to work with you on meeting your goals.
Are you struggling with negative or difficult emotions? Have your childhood struggles or a trauma taken on a life of their own? Are you feeling “stuck” and want to be more in control of your life? Allow me to partner with you to teach you useful tools to help process, refocus, redirect, and enhance the quality of your life.
As a daughter to immigrant parents, I had the privilege of learning about diversity first-hand and gained a multicultural perspective. I speak Spanish and would love to extend the healing to the Latinx community. I also offer faith-based counseling services if you would like to bring your spiritual beliefs into treatment. I graduated from Hope International University with my Masters in Marriage and Family Therapy. I am passionate about and have experience working with children and families with depression, anxiety, grief/loss, crisis, ADHD, and trauma. Allow me the opportunity to work with you on meeting your goals.
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Nearby Trauma and PTSD Therapists Searches for Cornelius
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When should I seek treatment for trauma?
Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.
How long does trauma therapy take?
Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.
What happens if trauma is left untreated?
Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.
Can PTSD come back after treatment?
It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.