Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD) Therapists in Tiffin, OH

Photo of Andrea Kauble, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Andrea Kauble
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Tiffin, OH 44883
I am excited for the opportunity to join you in your process of change! I enjoy working with teens and adults to develop thinking patterns and behaviors that support personal goals. Experienced with depression, BPD, anxiety, trauma, OCD, BiPolar, Adjustment, ADHD, and self esteem. My passion is teen and young adult issues, including the changes that come with transitioning from youth to adulthood, unstable moods, identity formation, and peer relations.
I am excited for the opportunity to join you in your process of change! I enjoy working with teens and adults to develop thinking patterns and behaviors that support personal goals. Experienced with depression, BPD, anxiety, trauma, OCD, BiPolar, Adjustment, ADHD, and self esteem. My passion is teen and young adult issues, including the changes that come with transitioning from youth to adulthood, unstable moods, identity formation, and peer relations.
(419) 610-2491 View (419) 610-2491
Photo of Tecky Ann Rusk - Serenity Christian Counseling, LLC , MA, LPCC-S, BCPCC
Serenity Christian Counseling, LLC
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC-S, BCPCC
Verified Verified
Tiffin, OH 44883
I have experience with: Grief, Trauma, Anxiety, Depression, OCD, Suicide, Addiction, Bipolar Disorder and more.
Born and raised in the beautiful Mojave Desert of Southern California, I am a Small Town Girl with a Big Passionate Heart! I am the proud wife of a Disabled Marine Corps Veteran who is also an Ordained Minister. I am a mom, a daughter, an aunt, a sister, a friend, and a grandma (or 'Mimi' as I prefer). I am an Ordained Minister with The International Church of the Foursquare Gospel, and I have an identical twin sister! (I was the surprise baby Noone knew about) I have a 'Down-To-Earth'' Approach in my therapy and offer Professional Clinical Counseling for both Mental Health and Substance Abuse Disorders-from a Christian Worldview!
I have experience with: Grief, Trauma, Anxiety, Depression, OCD, Suicide, Addiction, Bipolar Disorder and more.
Born and raised in the beautiful Mojave Desert of Southern California, I am a Small Town Girl with a Big Passionate Heart! I am the proud wife of a Disabled Marine Corps Veteran who is also an Ordained Minister. I am a mom, a daughter, an aunt, a sister, a friend, and a grandma (or 'Mimi' as I prefer). I am an Ordained Minister with The International Church of the Foursquare Gospel, and I have an identical twin sister! (I was the surprise baby Noone knew about) I have a 'Down-To-Earth'' Approach in my therapy and offer Professional Clinical Counseling for both Mental Health and Substance Abuse Disorders-from a Christian Worldview!
(419) 909-3741 View (419) 909-3741
Photo of Sandra Jo Natole, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sandra Jo Natole
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Tiffin, OH 44883  (Online Only)
Virtual sessions only: Access therapy wherever, and from wherever in Ohio! I believe in the power of holistic health and full-spectrum therapy. Individuals and couples welcome! It's my goal to promote positive self-image and self-esteem in all individuals, regardless of any diagnosis. To me, there is nothing more important in session than YOU and what you have come to discuss, and I would be happy to be walk with you along whatever journey you are exploring. Many insurances accepted and self-pay scale offered as well. Reach out today and let's figure out how to make life more manageable, hopeful, and enjoyable. You deserve it!
Virtual sessions only: Access therapy wherever, and from wherever in Ohio! I believe in the power of holistic health and full-spectrum therapy. Individuals and couples welcome! It's my goal to promote positive self-image and self-esteem in all individuals, regardless of any diagnosis. To me, there is nothing more important in session than YOU and what you have come to discuss, and I would be happy to be walk with you along whatever journey you are exploring. Many insurances accepted and self-pay scale offered as well. Reach out today and let's figure out how to make life more manageable, hopeful, and enjoyable. You deserve it!
(567) 228-0577 View (567) 228-0577
Photo of Erin Wolph, MSW, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erin Wolph
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tiffin, OH 44883
We all want to be our best selves, but there are times in life when we get stuck and need insight to stop those "never ending thoughts." We may feel anxious and depressed or don’t quite know what is bothering us. Trauma induced anxiety can overwhelm and debilitate. We need a little extra help to deal with these issues in an atmosphere of safety, warmth, humor and nonjudgmental support. I am here to help. I believe no one is on an island and finding someone to help create a safe and comforting space to heal, is just the beginning of the therapeutic journey. In this space, you can feel guided through regaining your peace.
We all want to be our best selves, but there are times in life when we get stuck and need insight to stop those "never ending thoughts." We may feel anxious and depressed or don’t quite know what is bothering us. Trauma induced anxiety can overwhelm and debilitate. We need a little extra help to deal with these issues in an atmosphere of safety, warmth, humor and nonjudgmental support. I am here to help. I believe no one is on an island and finding someone to help create a safe and comforting space to heal, is just the beginning of the therapeutic journey. In this space, you can feel guided through regaining your peace.
(419) 969-3446 View (419) 969-3446

Online Therapists

Photo of Kara L Lash, LPCC, Counselor
Kara L Lash
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Moreland Hills, OH 44022  (Online Only)
Hello! My name is Kara Lash. With 9 years of experience as a therapist, I have had the privilege of working in various settings, and have specialized in the treatment of OCD and Anxiety-Related Conditions for nearly four years. I continue to receive training in these areas to stay updated with the most effective treatment methods. My approach is non-judgmental and compassionate, as I fully understand the significant impact that OCD, Anxiety Disorders, and Depression can have on one’s quality of life. Psychoeducation is a key part of my practice so you can understand how your habits, choices, and behaviors influence your symptoms.
Hello! My name is Kara Lash. With 9 years of experience as a therapist, I have had the privilege of working in various settings, and have specialized in the treatment of OCD and Anxiety-Related Conditions for nearly four years. I continue to receive training in these areas to stay updated with the most effective treatment methods. My approach is non-judgmental and compassionate, as I fully understand the significant impact that OCD, Anxiety Disorders, and Depression can have on one’s quality of life. Psychoeducation is a key part of my practice so you can understand how your habits, choices, and behaviors influence your symptoms.
(216) 350-3234 View (216) 350-3234
Photo of Tasha Boyer, MSEd, LPCC-S, Counselor
Tasha Boyer
Counselor, MSEd, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New Albany, OH 43054
I specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of eating disorders including anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating. I also specialize in the issues that often co-exist with eating disorders including but not limited to anxiety, depression, self-harm, self-esteem, body dysmorphia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, autism spectrum disorders, relationship concerns, and adjustment disorders. I use a holistic approach to therapy while also utilizing evidence-based treatments.
I specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of eating disorders including anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating. I also specialize in the issues that often co-exist with eating disorders including but not limited to anxiety, depression, self-harm, self-esteem, body dysmorphia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, autism spectrum disorders, relationship concerns, and adjustment disorders. I use a holistic approach to therapy while also utilizing evidence-based treatments.
(614) 524-5836 View (614) 524-5836
Photo of Aryeh J. Graber, PhD, PSYPact, Psychologist
Aryeh J. Graber
Psychologist, PhD, PSYPact
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Beachwood, OH 44122
In regards to the treatment of OCD and other anxiety disorders, I utilize CBT, particularly exposure and response prevention (ERP).
I am a clinical psychologist, specializing in the evidence-based treatment of anxiety disorders including OCD, panic, phobias, and generalized anxiety across the lifespan. I also have expertise working with military Veterans and with individuals struggling to adjust to serious health-related conditions and their associated challenges.
In regards to the treatment of OCD and other anxiety disorders, I utilize CBT, particularly exposure and response prevention (ERP).
I am a clinical psychologist, specializing in the evidence-based treatment of anxiety disorders including OCD, panic, phobias, and generalized anxiety across the lifespan. I also have expertise working with military Veterans and with individuals struggling to adjust to serious health-related conditions and their associated challenges.
(216) 930-2764 View (216) 930-2764
Photo of Jordan Halsey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jordan Halsey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
University Heights, OH 44118
I have worked with individuals with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, trauma, career challenges, OCD, and family relationship issues.
I am a therapist licensed in Ohio with over 3 years of experience working in community mental health settings and supporting individuals with various levels of needs .
I have worked with individuals with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, trauma, career challenges, OCD, and family relationship issues.
I am a therapist licensed in Ohio with over 3 years of experience working in community mental health settings and supporting individuals with various levels of needs .
(513) 647-6442 View (513) 647-6442
Photo of Cassandra Petro, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Cassandra Petro
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Berea, OH 44017
I believe one of the bravest things you can do is begin to understand your own story. Many individuals struggle with overthinking, worrying, restlessness, and tolerating uncertainty. Imagine living a life where you better understood your patterns & emotions, had decreased stress, and accepted uncertainty. I have worked with many individuals from different backgrounds, including adults, adolescents, and children. I have worked with individuals who struggle with anxiety, depression, codependency, grief, OCD, life adjustments, relationship difficulties, and social anxiety. Anxiety can make us feel stuck, but there is hope.
I believe one of the bravest things you can do is begin to understand your own story. Many individuals struggle with overthinking, worrying, restlessness, and tolerating uncertainty. Imagine living a life where you better understood your patterns & emotions, had decreased stress, and accepted uncertainty. I have worked with many individuals from different backgrounds, including adults, adolescents, and children. I have worked with individuals who struggle with anxiety, depression, codependency, grief, OCD, life adjustments, relationship difficulties, and social anxiety. Anxiety can make us feel stuck, but there is hope.
(216) 714-1704 View (216) 714-1704
Photo of Hamilton Robinson, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Hamilton Robinson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cleveland Heights, OH 44118
Do you feel overwhelmed, depressed, anxious or overly stressed? Counseling can be a great first step to getting more peace of mind. I have experience in working with Anxiety, Anger, Depression, Self Esteem, Stress, Grief, Chemical Dependency, Mood Disorders, ADHD, OCD, Trauma, Career Counseling, Relationship, and Couple’s issues. Together we can help you learn about your Diagnosis, create a Treatment plan specialized for you, find coping skills, and reduce the symptoms you are struggling with.
Do you feel overwhelmed, depressed, anxious or overly stressed? Counseling can be a great first step to getting more peace of mind. I have experience in working with Anxiety, Anger, Depression, Self Esteem, Stress, Grief, Chemical Dependency, Mood Disorders, ADHD, OCD, Trauma, Career Counseling, Relationship, and Couple’s issues. Together we can help you learn about your Diagnosis, create a Treatment plan specialized for you, find coping skills, and reduce the symptoms you are struggling with.
(216) 284-0346 View (216) 284-0346
Photo of Sarah Speich, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sarah Speich
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New Albany, OH 43054  (Online Only)
Hi and welcome! As a parent, spouse, and professional, I know that life can certainly have its ups and downs. I provide a safe environment for my clients to work through these struggles, while accessing interpersonal strengths and developing healthy coping skills. Whether you are experiencing heightened stress, anxiety or burnout, having an encouraging and supportive place to process these feelings can make a world of difference! Additional areas of interest and expertise include military individuals & families, anxiety, OCD, life transitions, parenting, and women’s issues.
Hi and welcome! As a parent, spouse, and professional, I know that life can certainly have its ups and downs. I provide a safe environment for my clients to work through these struggles, while accessing interpersonal strengths and developing healthy coping skills. Whether you are experiencing heightened stress, anxiety or burnout, having an encouraging and supportive place to process these feelings can make a world of difference! Additional areas of interest and expertise include military individuals & families, anxiety, OCD, life transitions, parenting, and women’s issues.
(614) 820-8056 View (614) 820-8056
Photo of Megan Mathias, MACM, LPCC-S, Counselor
Megan Mathias
Counselor, MACM, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Reynoldsburg, OH 43068
I am the Executive Director at Associates in Family Care and am a licensed professional clinical counselor with supervisor status. I offer professional counseling to individuals. I see adults who are struggling with anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, grief, OCD, and bi-polar issues and more. I look forward to supporting you as you work through the problems that life has brought you.
I am the Executive Director at Associates in Family Care and am a licensed professional clinical counselor with supervisor status. I offer professional counseling to individuals. I see adults who are struggling with anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, grief, OCD, and bi-polar issues and more. I look forward to supporting you as you work through the problems that life has brought you.
(614) 702-2617 View (614) 702-2617
Photo of Olivia Widmer, CT, Intern , Counselor
Olivia Widmer
Counselor, CT, Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Westlake, OH 44145
I am working towards my professional counselor licensure and I am completing my internship at Impact Counseling Solutions under the supervision of Michelle M. Paul (LPCC-S). I have experience as a School Counselor and Registered Behavior Technician and specialize in many disorders including anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and depressive disorders. I integrate evidence-based therapies with a compassionate, client-centered focus.
I am working towards my professional counselor licensure and I am completing my internship at Impact Counseling Solutions under the supervision of Michelle M. Paul (LPCC-S). I have experience as a School Counselor and Registered Behavior Technician and specialize in many disorders including anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and depressive disorders. I integrate evidence-based therapies with a compassionate, client-centered focus.
(440) 636-1177 View (440) 636-1177
Photo of Megan Croyle - Megan Croyle - NOCD , MA, LPCC
Megan Croyle - NOCD
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43220  (Online Only)
I look forward to helping you overcome your OCD and regain your true self.
I am passionate about helping others find healing in a safe and supportive environment. Having experienced various mental health conditions, including OCD, I understand the importance of early treatment. At N OCD, my team and I focus on delivering evidence-based treatment for OCD. Our in-depth understanding of OCD's complexities enables us to accurately diagnose and treat it. We are extensively trained in ERP therapy, the gold standard for OCD treatment. When you begin with N OCD, you'll work with either me or one of my colleagues, depending on your preference and availability.
I look forward to helping you overcome your OCD and regain your true self.
I am passionate about helping others find healing in a safe and supportive environment. Having experienced various mental health conditions, including OCD, I understand the importance of early treatment. At N OCD, my team and I focus on delivering evidence-based treatment for OCD. Our in-depth understanding of OCD's complexities enables us to accurately diagnose and treat it. We are extensively trained in ERP therapy, the gold standard for OCD treatment. When you begin with N OCD, you'll work with either me or one of my colleagues, depending on your preference and availability.
(872) 259-5240 View (872) 259-5240
Photo of Mark Babula - Central Behavioral Healthcare Inc, PsyD, Psychologist
Central Behavioral Healthcare Inc
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43623
Central Behavioral Healthcare is here for your counseling or assessment needs. Our practice includes doctoral level psychologists and master’s level social workers and therapists. Among our staff are experts in many outpatient specialties and services such as depression, anxiety, phobias, fears, obsessive-compulsive disorder, trauma, family and couples, and forensic issues. The office is located in an office park in the western suburbs of Toledo in pleasant surroundings.
Central Behavioral Healthcare is here for your counseling or assessment needs. Our practice includes doctoral level psychologists and master’s level social workers and therapists. Among our staff are experts in many outpatient specialties and services such as depression, anxiety, phobias, fears, obsessive-compulsive disorder, trauma, family and couples, and forensic issues. The office is located in an office park in the western suburbs of Toledo in pleasant surroundings.
(419) 777-3145 View (419) 777-3145
Photo of Amy Freede, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amy Freede
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Marion, OH 43302
Hello and welcome! My name is Amy Freede, and I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker with over 11 years of clinical experience. In my practice, I draw from a range of therapy approaches depending on your specific circumstances and symptoms, such as Anxiety, Life Transitions, Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD), Pregnancy/Prenatal/Postpartum, and Women's Issues. While working with various individuals, I technically use a mix of Cognitive Behavioral (CBT), Dialectical (DBT), Exposure Response Prevention, Interpersonal, Person-Centered, and Supportive therapies during treatment. I believe we are all trying our best.
Hello and welcome! My name is Amy Freede, and I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker with over 11 years of clinical experience. In my practice, I draw from a range of therapy approaches depending on your specific circumstances and symptoms, such as Anxiety, Life Transitions, Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD), Pregnancy/Prenatal/Postpartum, and Women's Issues. While working with various individuals, I technically use a mix of Cognitive Behavioral (CBT), Dialectical (DBT), Exposure Response Prevention, Interpersonal, Person-Centered, and Supportive therapies during treatment. I believe we are all trying our best.
(614) 350-6188 View (614) 350-6188
Photo of Marissa Pelsozy, LISW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Marissa Pelsozy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW, MSW
Verified Verified
Chagrin Falls, OH 44022
My specialties are : Marital/Couples, Life Coaching, Depression/ Mood Disorders,, Anxiety Disorders, OCD, Phobias, Adjustment Disorders, ADHD/ ADD, PTSD, Trauma Recovery, Anger Management, Grief.
Marissa earned her Bachelor’s Degree and Master’s degree in Social Work at Cleveland State University. She is currently licensed as an Independent Social Worker in the State of Ohio and has been practicing for 15 + years working with adolescents, adults and families. Marissa has several years working in the psychiatric hospital setting addressing the needs of adults who are in an immediate crisis, and those who are seeking outpatient services. She has done therapeutic programming in high schools regarding self esteem and depression. Marissa also has experience working with couples to promote healthier relationships.
My specialties are : Marital/Couples, Life Coaching, Depression/ Mood Disorders,, Anxiety Disorders, OCD, Phobias, Adjustment Disorders, ADHD/ ADD, PTSD, Trauma Recovery, Anger Management, Grief.
Marissa earned her Bachelor’s Degree and Master’s degree in Social Work at Cleveland State University. She is currently licensed as an Independent Social Worker in the State of Ohio and has been practicing for 15 + years working with adolescents, adults and families. Marissa has several years working in the psychiatric hospital setting addressing the needs of adults who are in an immediate crisis, and those who are seeking outpatient services. She has done therapeutic programming in high schools regarding self esteem and depression. Marissa also has experience working with couples to promote healthier relationships.
(440) 291-2010 View (440) 291-2010
Photo of Kelli Skaggs, MSW, LISW-S, LCSW-QS, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kelli Skaggs
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S, LCSW-QS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43214
Life can be really, truly, hard, anxiety feels awful, depression can be debilitating. I strive to meet you where you are at and help you get you where you want to be. I create a space to foster positive growth in a comfortable and safe environment. I love to working with clients facing executive dysfuncion, anxiety and panic, grief, trauma, gender identity, bipolar disorder, OCD and adult ADHD.
Life can be really, truly, hard, anxiety feels awful, depression can be debilitating. I strive to meet you where you are at and help you get you where you want to be. I create a space to foster positive growth in a comfortable and safe environment. I love to working with clients facing executive dysfuncion, anxiety and panic, grief, trauma, gender identity, bipolar disorder, OCD and adult ADHD.
(941) 213-5748 View (941) 213-5748
Photo of Terron Gaiter - Terron Gaiter - NOCD, MSW, LCSW, LISW-S, LICDC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Terron Gaiter - NOCD
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LISW-S, LICDC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43220  (Online Only)
When you start with N OCD, you'll work with me or be paired with a therapist in our network, based on your preferences.
I've always had a knack for helping people behind the scenes. I continued my education to become a therapist because I realized that I had a gift for empathizing and communicating with others in ways that are helpful while obtaining positive outcomes. At N OCD, my team and I provide effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of these conditions enables us to treat them properly. We have training in evidence-based treatments, including Exposure Response and Prevention (ERP) therapy—the gold standard treatment for OCD.
When you start with N OCD, you'll work with me or be paired with a therapist in our network, based on your preferences.
I've always had a knack for helping people behind the scenes. I continued my education to become a therapist because I realized that I had a gift for empathizing and communicating with others in ways that are helpful while obtaining positive outcomes. At N OCD, my team and I provide effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of these conditions enables us to treat them properly. We have training in evidence-based treatments, including Exposure Response and Prevention (ERP) therapy—the gold standard treatment for OCD.
(207) 371-6183 View (207) 371-6183
Photo of Smallton Cameron
Smallton Cameron
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor
Verified Verified
Beachwood, OH 44122  (Online Only)
Everyone could use someone in their life that listens objectively and actually hears what you are saying. I think all of us deserve that person. I have a more direct approach in counseling, paired with kindness, humor, honesty, and empathy. I have several years of experience working with anxiety and depression, but also Bipolar Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Schizophrenia, Sexual Orientation/Transitioning, Relational problems, and other issues that so many people are challenged with. I incorporate creative approaches when working with clients and always try to think outside of the box when it comes to coping skills.
Everyone could use someone in their life that listens objectively and actually hears what you are saying. I think all of us deserve that person. I have a more direct approach in counseling, paired with kindness, humor, honesty, and empathy. I have several years of experience working with anxiety and depression, but also Bipolar Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Schizophrenia, Sexual Orientation/Transitioning, Relational problems, and other issues that so many people are challenged with. I incorporate creative approaches when working with clients and always try to think outside of the box when it comes to coping skills.
(937) 721-3461 View (937) 721-3461

See more therapy options for Tiffin

Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD) Therapists

How long does OCD treatment take?

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is often treated on a weekly or twice-weekly schedule, depending on symptom severity and the client’s preferences. Some clients may start to see a noticeable improvement in symptoms in as little as six weeks, but it’s also possible, especially in more severe cases, for treatment to take several months to a year before significant progress is made.

What happens if OCD is not treated?

Some people with OCD, especially those with mild symptoms, may find that they are able to adapt reasonably well to life with the condition, even if their symptoms never resolve completely. However, many people, particularly those whose symptoms are severe at the outset, find that their obsessions and compulsions grow more intrusive with time, making it harder to maintain relationships, hold down a job, or navigate the world successfully.

Are there medications for OCD?

Medication can be used to treat OCD. The class of drugs most often prescribed are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIs, which include fluvoxamine (under the brand name Luvox), fluoxetine (Prozac), and sertraline (Zoloft), among others. In cases of treatment-resistant OCD, other classes of medication, such as tricyclic antidepressants or atypical antipsychotics, may be prescribed. Medication is frequently used in conjunction with therapy.

Can OCD come back after treatment?

Yes. Major life transitions, periods of stress, or other factors can cause symptoms to return or, if they were never fully eradicated, to ramp back up in intensity. For some, these relapses are brief and do not require additional treatment; identifying specific triggers and practicing the skills learned in therapy can help speed their course. For others, returning to therapy for a brief period can help address the underlying stress and strengthen coping mechanisms.