Borderline Personality (BPD) Therapists in Shaker Heights, OH

Photo of Dean Malec, PhD, Psychologist
Dean Malec
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shaker Heights, OH 44122
Hello! I am a licensed psychologist with Center for Evidence Based Treatment Ohio. I work with adults and adolescents with a variety of presenting concerns, including eating disorders, anxiety and mood disorders, and difficulties with emotion regulation, including borderline personality disorder, suicidal urges and self-harm. Having done much of my training at university counseling centers, I also enjoy working with young adults on stress management and navigating healthy development. I provide in-person and remote services and am able to work with clients in any PSYPACT-participating state (psypact.org/mpage/psypactmap).
Hello! I am a licensed psychologist with Center for Evidence Based Treatment Ohio. I work with adults and adolescents with a variety of presenting concerns, including eating disorders, anxiety and mood disorders, and difficulties with emotion regulation, including borderline personality disorder, suicidal urges and self-harm. Having done much of my training at university counseling centers, I also enjoy working with young adults on stress management and navigating healthy development. I provide in-person and remote services and am able to work with clients in any PSYPACT-participating state (psypact.org/mpage/psypactmap).
(216) 478-4929 x2005 View (216) 478-4929 x2005
Photo of Yael Farkas (Vineburg), MA, LPCC
Yael Farkas (Vineburg)
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shaker Heights, OH 44120
I have extensive clinical experience with survivors of abuse & trauma, individuals with Eating Disorders, Chronic Pain, Borderline Personality Disorder, Depression, and Anxiety related disorders.
I believe anyone brave enough to seek out therapy is motivated to make a change in how they cope, experience, and take charge of all that life throws at them. As a mental health counselor, I am here to walk with and encourage you as you empower yourself to continue to live a life of meaning and purpose. I will help you identify and work with your strengths, values, and goals, no matter what baggage and background seems to weigh you down.
I have extensive clinical experience with survivors of abuse & trauma, individuals with Eating Disorders, Chronic Pain, Borderline Personality Disorder, Depression, and Anxiety related disorders.
I believe anyone brave enough to seek out therapy is motivated to make a change in how they cope, experience, and take charge of all that life throws at them. As a mental health counselor, I am here to walk with and encourage you as you empower yourself to continue to live a life of meaning and purpose. I will help you identify and work with your strengths, values, and goals, no matter what baggage and background seems to weigh you down.
(440) 379-8594 View (440) 379-8594
Photo of Lucene Wisniewski, PhD, FAED, Psychologist
Lucene Wisniewski
Psychologist, PhD, FAED
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Shaker Heights, OH 44122
I don't believe in reinventing the wheel! My goal as a therapist is to work collaboratively with you to find a match between your needs and the interventions that psychological and medical research tell us will best resolve those needs. Choosing the researched intervention for your specific problem will help you experience relief faster and treatment will cost less in terms of time and money. I am a clinical psychologist with over 25 years of experience and renown in using interventions such DBT, CBT and FBT (aka the Maudsley approach).
I don't believe in reinventing the wheel! My goal as a therapist is to work collaboratively with you to find a match between your needs and the interventions that psychological and medical research tell us will best resolve those needs. Choosing the researched intervention for your specific problem will help you experience relief faster and treatment will cost less in terms of time and money. I am a clinical psychologist with over 25 years of experience and renown in using interventions such DBT, CBT and FBT (aka the Maudsley approach).
(216) 503-2819 View (216) 503-2819
Photo of Ashley Schwartzman, PsyD, Psychologist
Ashley Schwartzman
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shaker Heights, OH 44122
I work with adolescents (14+ y/o) and adults who are seeking individual, family, and couples therapy. Many of the adolescents and adults I work with experience general and social anxiety, grief, depression, PTSD, and may engage in self-harming behaviors or have suicidal ideation. I provide parent/ caregiver coaching to parents who want to improve the quality of their relationship with their children and learn skills of effective conflict management and limit setting. The couples I work with want to learn skills to improve their communication, manage conflict effectively, and rebuild trust and intimacy within their relationship.
I work with adolescents (14+ y/o) and adults who are seeking individual, family, and couples therapy. Many of the adolescents and adults I work with experience general and social anxiety, grief, depression, PTSD, and may engage in self-harming behaviors or have suicidal ideation. I provide parent/ caregiver coaching to parents who want to improve the quality of their relationship with their children and learn skills of effective conflict management and limit setting. The couples I work with want to learn skills to improve their communication, manage conflict effectively, and rebuild trust and intimacy within their relationship.
(234) 348-3858 View (234) 348-3858
Photo of Jennifer Campbell, LCSW, DBT-LBC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer Campbell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, DBT-LBC
Verified Verified
Shaker Heights, OH 44122  (Online Only)
Hello there, I'm glad you found me! Taking steps out of misery and avoidance is difficult and scary. I work from a patient-centered, DBT perspective in partnership with clients struggling within the range of severe and acute eating disorders, persistent emotion dysregulation, chronic suicidality, and trauma/PTSD. Redefining your quality of life and getting out of your personal hell is possible. My clinical work spans New Jersey, New York, and my team based in Ohio, so please do not be surprised by different locations! Please reach out with any questions, and I look forward to working with you in building a life worth living.
Hello there, I'm glad you found me! Taking steps out of misery and avoidance is difficult and scary. I work from a patient-centered, DBT perspective in partnership with clients struggling within the range of severe and acute eating disorders, persistent emotion dysregulation, chronic suicidality, and trauma/PTSD. Redefining your quality of life and getting out of your personal hell is possible. My clinical work spans New Jersey, New York, and my team based in Ohio, so please do not be surprised by different locations! Please reach out with any questions, and I look forward to working with you in building a life worth living.
(609) 552-0840 View (609) 552-0840
Photo of Hannah Heffner, ATR-BC, LPCC, DBT-LBC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Hannah Heffner
Licensed Professional Counselor, ATR-BC, LPCC, DBT-LBC
Verified Verified
Shaker Heights, OH 44122  (Online Only)
I have a passion for working with teens and young adults who are exploring their identity and hold a safe and supportive space for LGBTQ+ affirming counseling. I work well with teens and young adults who experience anxiety, depression, disordered eating and self-harm behaviors. I take a Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), person-centered, trauma informed approach within a social justice frame to support clients in blending the creative and practical so that clients enjoy the process of exploration and can see results in their mood and behaviors. New Group starting in April- Youth AFFIRM which is a group for LGBTQIA+ teens!
I have a passion for working with teens and young adults who are exploring their identity and hold a safe and supportive space for LGBTQ+ affirming counseling. I work well with teens and young adults who experience anxiety, depression, disordered eating and self-harm behaviors. I take a Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), person-centered, trauma informed approach within a social justice frame to support clients in blending the creative and practical so that clients enjoy the process of exploration and can see results in their mood and behaviors. New Group starting in April- Youth AFFIRM which is a group for LGBTQIA+ teens!
(484) 549-9434 View (484) 549-9434
Photo of Amy Kalasunas, LPCC-S, CCMHC, Counselor
Amy Kalasunas
Counselor, LPCC-S, CCMHC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Shaker Heights, OH 44122
I am a DBT - LBC Certified Dialectical Behavior Therapist, and use adherent Dialectical Behavior Therapy, as well as other protocol-based interventions, to help clients manage intense emotions and change problematic behaviors. An ideal match for treatment here is someone who has already worked hard at other types of therapy and is frustrated that hard-earned insight hasn't helped them change! Knowing WHY we do things is important; still, insight doesn't always help change intense emotions, stop problem behaviors, or help us focus on life's experiences.
I am a DBT - LBC Certified Dialectical Behavior Therapist, and use adherent Dialectical Behavior Therapy, as well as other protocol-based interventions, to help clients manage intense emotions and change problematic behaviors. An ideal match for treatment here is someone who has already worked hard at other types of therapy and is frustrated that hard-earned insight hasn't helped them change! Knowing WHY we do things is important; still, insight doesn't always help change intense emotions, stop problem behaviors, or help us focus on life's experiences.
(216) 208-6075 View (216) 208-6075
Photo of Sarah Hope Lincoln, PhD, Psychologist
Sarah Hope Lincoln
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Shaker Heights, OH 44122
Everyone experiences challenges throughout their lives, and each of us is equipped with different strengths to tackle them. Sometimes we need to acquire additional support to develop new skills and strategies, and have a source of encouragement, in facing these challenges. I aim to help children, teens, and young adults navigate a variety of academic, learning, behavioral, and psychological challenges, in a supportive, warm, and collaborative environment. I work with incredible individuals and am honored to work with them!
Everyone experiences challenges throughout their lives, and each of us is equipped with different strengths to tackle them. Sometimes we need to acquire additional support to develop new skills and strategies, and have a source of encouragement, in facing these challenges. I aim to help children, teens, and young adults navigate a variety of academic, learning, behavioral, and psychological challenges, in a supportive, warm, and collaborative environment. I work with incredible individuals and am honored to work with them!
(617) 553-6351 View (617) 553-6351
Photo of Stephanie Purdom, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stephanie Purdom
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Shaker Heights, OH 44122
I became a therapist because I find true joy in connecting with others. I believe that therapy can be impactful and enriching while still feeling down-to-earth and accessible. As a social worker I value collaboration, cultural humility, and seeing you as the expert of your own experience. My style is warm and relaxed, but I will also work diligently with you to develop the tools you need to meet your self-defined goals.
I became a therapist because I find true joy in connecting with others. I believe that therapy can be impactful and enriching while still feeling down-to-earth and accessible. As a social worker I value collaboration, cultural humility, and seeing you as the expert of your own experience. My style is warm and relaxed, but I will also work diligently with you to develop the tools you need to meet your self-defined goals.
(614) 968-7032 View (614) 968-7032
Photo of Ayanna Bates, LSW, LMSW
Ayanna Bates
Licensed Master Social Worker, LSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Shaker Heights, OH 44122  (Online Only)
As a Licensed Social Worker at the Center for Evidenced Based Treatment, I have a passion for working with teens, young adults, and adults who are experiencing eating disorders, suicidal ideation, self-harm, depression, anxiety, grief, and trauma. I approach therapy using an anti-oppressive, trauma informed, and strengths-based lens. I believe therapy should be collaborative and I strive to support clients in reaching their life worth living goals and find their path to healing.
As a Licensed Social Worker at the Center for Evidenced Based Treatment, I have a passion for working with teens, young adults, and adults who are experiencing eating disorders, suicidal ideation, self-harm, depression, anxiety, grief, and trauma. I approach therapy using an anti-oppressive, trauma informed, and strengths-based lens. I believe therapy should be collaborative and I strive to support clients in reaching their life worth living goals and find their path to healing.
(929) 205-6798 View (929) 205-6798
Photo of Yael Y Greenberg, PsyD, Psychologist
Yael Y Greenberg
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Shaker Heights, OH 44118
Waitlist for new clients
I work with my clients to provide relief from emotional pain and to address their struggles in life. The goal is to increase self-awareness and to provide tools for better coping and functioning. I believe that every individual has the capacity to heal and to increase their sense of balance and well-being. I find that people who choose to engage in the process of psychotherapy can achieve a richer, more meaningful and more productive life. I work with people who struggle with different life challenges including but not limited to, depression, anxiety, life transitions, loss and bereavement, trauma and relationship difficulties.
I work with my clients to provide relief from emotional pain and to address their struggles in life. The goal is to increase self-awareness and to provide tools for better coping and functioning. I believe that every individual has the capacity to heal and to increase their sense of balance and well-being. I find that people who choose to engage in the process of psychotherapy can achieve a richer, more meaningful and more productive life. I work with people who struggle with different life challenges including but not limited to, depression, anxiety, life transitions, loss and bereavement, trauma and relationship difficulties.
(216) 220-8137 View (216) 220-8137
Photo of Cameo Cook, MSW, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cameo Cook
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Shaker Heights, OH 44118
I am committed to understanding and addressing the unique needs of my clients. I believe that everyone carries their own unique experiences and it’s my role to unearth and understand these experiences to help you navigate through life’s challenges. I envision my ideal client as someone who is ready to embark on a journey of self-discovery and healing. They may be struggling with emotional distress or simply seeking to understand themselves better. Regardless of where they are in their journey, my mission is to guide them towards achieving their personal goals and finding inner peace.
I am committed to understanding and addressing the unique needs of my clients. I believe that everyone carries their own unique experiences and it’s my role to unearth and understand these experiences to help you navigate through life’s challenges. I envision my ideal client as someone who is ready to embark on a journey of self-discovery and healing. They may be struggling with emotional distress or simply seeking to understand themselves better. Regardless of where they are in their journey, my mission is to guide them towards achieving their personal goals and finding inner peace.
(216) 510-9713 View (216) 510-9713
Photo of Tara Lemasters, MA, (L)PC, CMAT, CSAT-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tara Lemasters
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, (L)PC, CMAT, CSAT-S
Verified Verified
Shaker Heights, OH 44118
I guide clients to gain insight and soulutions to their issues; emotions, life/relationship challenges and stressors. My experience and training uniquely qualify me to help guide individuals, spouses/partners, and couples struggling with sexual compulsivity issues, sexuality issues, affairs, co-dependency, and trauma. Also, I have extensive experience assisting clients navigate through the process of healing from divorce/relationship break-up. My approach with clients is empathic, solution focused and validating.
I guide clients to gain insight and soulutions to their issues; emotions, life/relationship challenges and stressors. My experience and training uniquely qualify me to help guide individuals, spouses/partners, and couples struggling with sexual compulsivity issues, sexuality issues, affairs, co-dependency, and trauma. Also, I have extensive experience assisting clients navigate through the process of healing from divorce/relationship break-up. My approach with clients is empathic, solution focused and validating.
(216) 245-1722 View (216) 245-1722
Photo of Mark Lovinger, PhD, Psychologist
Mark Lovinger
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shaker Heights, OH 44118
In my 30 years of experience as a child and adult clinical psychologist, I have developed a diverse set of assessment and therapeutic skills, allowing me to provide optimal care to children, adults and families. I am a member of the Association of Family and Conciliation Courts (AFCC), and my specialties include helping families going through the difficulties of divorce, parent coordination, preserving a cooperative and collaborative environment to keep the children's best interests a priority, and conducting court-ordered custody evaluations. Attorneys and courts frequently request these services in order to help resolve child custody and parenting disputes.
In my 30 years of experience as a child and adult clinical psychologist, I have developed a diverse set of assessment and therapeutic skills, allowing me to provide optimal care to children, adults and families. I am a member of the Association of Family and Conciliation Courts (AFCC), and my specialties include helping families going through the difficulties of divorce, parent coordination, preserving a cooperative and collaborative environment to keep the children's best interests a priority, and conducting court-ordered custody evaluations. Attorneys and courts frequently request these services in order to help resolve child custody and parenting disputes.
(216) 584-9839 View (216) 584-9839
Photo of John W. Angelotta - John W. Angelotta, Ph.D., LPCC-S, PhD, LPCC-S, MAC, NCC, Counselor
John W. Angelotta, Ph.D., LPCC-S
Counselor, PhD, LPCC-S, MAC, NCC
Verified Verified
Shaker Heights, OH 44120
I am an experienced clinician with expertise in helping adolescents, young adults, and families. I work best with clients who appreciate adept clinical insight in managing the complexity of known problems, poorly understood problems, and developmental challenges. I will help you clarify issues, focus on relevant factors that facilitate good choices and enhance your emotional well-being. I am committed to providing skillful diagnosis, treatment planning, and execution of a plan that improves your functioning. By 'improved functioning', evidence of significant reduction in frequency and intensity of the problems you sought help for, a durable solution, and a brighter future.
I am an experienced clinician with expertise in helping adolescents, young adults, and families. I work best with clients who appreciate adept clinical insight in managing the complexity of known problems, poorly understood problems, and developmental challenges. I will help you clarify issues, focus on relevant factors that facilitate good choices and enhance your emotional well-being. I am committed to providing skillful diagnosis, treatment planning, and execution of a plan that improves your functioning. By 'improved functioning', evidence of significant reduction in frequency and intensity of the problems you sought help for, a durable solution, and a brighter future.
(216) 342-3769 View (216) 342-3769
Photo of Kerri Sutton, MSSA, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kerri Sutton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, LISW
Verified Verified
Shaker Heights, OH 44118
My ideal client may or may not have an idea where his or her distress is coming from but IS motivated to make changes to alleviate that distress. Together, we will develop strategies tailored to you to help you cope with current and/or past stressors so that you may lead a more peaceful, content life. My goal with all my clients is to help them feel like the best version of themselves.
My ideal client may or may not have an idea where his or her distress is coming from but IS motivated to make changes to alleviate that distress. Together, we will develop strategies tailored to you to help you cope with current and/or past stressors so that you may lead a more peaceful, content life. My goal with all my clients is to help them feel like the best version of themselves.
(216) 223-8921 View (216) 223-8921
Photo of Carol A Leslie - Carol A Leslie - Hypnotherapy-Wellness-Reiki, ACHT, CWC, OT-Ret, Occupational Therapist
Carol A Leslie - Hypnotherapy-Wellness-Reiki
Occupational Therapist, ACHT, CWC, OT-Ret
Not Verified Not Verified
Shaker Heights, OH 44120
Carol A Leslie ACHT, CWC, OT-ret - Hypnotherapy is prime treatment for trauma, anxiety, panic, chronic conditions and negative behaviors! Additional strategies offered to those with emotional, or physical, dysfunction. Eliminate the negative impact on your mental state, work, school, home or sabotaged wellness goals! 20 years' leadership in Psychiatry at the Cleveland Clinic enabled me to treat all aspects of mental illness plus emotional impact of Crohn's, IBD, transplant, PTSD, and chemical dependency. Retired Occupational Therapist, and Wellness Coach, I also look at all systems in a person's life, their "mind-body occupation."
Carol A Leslie ACHT, CWC, OT-ret - Hypnotherapy is prime treatment for trauma, anxiety, panic, chronic conditions and negative behaviors! Additional strategies offered to those with emotional, or physical, dysfunction. Eliminate the negative impact on your mental state, work, school, home or sabotaged wellness goals! 20 years' leadership in Psychiatry at the Cleveland Clinic enabled me to treat all aspects of mental illness plus emotional impact of Crohn's, IBD, transplant, PTSD, and chemical dependency. Retired Occupational Therapist, and Wellness Coach, I also look at all systems in a person's life, their "mind-body occupation."
(216) 303-6392 View (216) 303-6392
Photo of Hillary Schultz - Progression Counseling Group, MEd, LPCC-S, Counselor
Progression Counseling Group
Counselor, MEd, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Shaker Heights, OH 44118
I am Hillary Schultz, a clinician and owner of Progression Counseling Group and PG Clinic. Individual services are available to those ages 5 and up as well as family, couples and group counseling. Teletherapy and in person sessions available at our Beachwood and Willoughby Hills location. Same or next day appointments are available. We work with individuals to help increase self-awareness/insight, facilitate growth, decrease negative patterns of thinking and behavior, and provide tools for better coping, functioning, and problem resolution. Visit our website to see staff bios and find a clinician who may be a good fit for you.
I am Hillary Schultz, a clinician and owner of Progression Counseling Group and PG Clinic. Individual services are available to those ages 5 and up as well as family, couples and group counseling. Teletherapy and in person sessions available at our Beachwood and Willoughby Hills location. Same or next day appointments are available. We work with individuals to help increase self-awareness/insight, facilitate growth, decrease negative patterns of thinking and behavior, and provide tools for better coping, functioning, and problem resolution. Visit our website to see staff bios and find a clinician who may be a good fit for you.
(216) 350-7242 View (216) 350-7242
Photo of Beth M Shapiro, PhD, MSSA, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Beth M Shapiro
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, MSSA, LISW-S
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Shaker Heights, OH 44120
I am a licensed independent social worker with a PhD in psychology (academic degree). My humanistic approach engages clients in active collaboration on the content/direction of therapy. I strive to make the therapeutic space & time warm, welcoming, & safe, to provide clients the ability to focus on problems. I have extensive experience working within healthcare & hospice environments, & have a strong understanding of medical issues. I utilize strengths-based approaches in counseling individuals, couples, & families. Techniques are based on therapies including; EMDR, mindfulness, acceptance, cognitive behavioral, dialectical behavioral, narrative, motivational interviewing, psychodynamic, & client-centered therapy. My dissertation focused on existential suffering at end of life.
I am a licensed independent social worker with a PhD in psychology (academic degree). My humanistic approach engages clients in active collaboration on the content/direction of therapy. I strive to make the therapeutic space & time warm, welcoming, & safe, to provide clients the ability to focus on problems. I have extensive experience working within healthcare & hospice environments, & have a strong understanding of medical issues. I utilize strengths-based approaches in counseling individuals, couples, & families. Techniques are based on therapies including; EMDR, mindfulness, acceptance, cognitive behavioral, dialectical behavioral, narrative, motivational interviewing, psychodynamic, & client-centered therapy. My dissertation focused on existential suffering at end of life.
(440) 210-0430 View (440) 210-0430
Photo of Elana Joy Hunter - Cleveland Health and Wellness Center, MEd, LPCC-S, Counselor
Cleveland Health and Wellness Center
Counselor, MEd, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
14 Endorsed
Shaker Heights, OH 44122
Meet with a licensed therapist or psychiatrist in-person or virtually. Our team of over 20 clinical therapists provides compassionate and holistic mental health care for adults, adolescents, and children. Our approach recognizes the whole person, mind and body. We specialize in the treatment of depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, trauma, grief, stress, addiction, and relationship issues. We provide individual psychotherapy, psychiatry, couples therapy, and family therapy.
Meet with a licensed therapist or psychiatrist in-person or virtually. Our team of over 20 clinical therapists provides compassionate and holistic mental health care for adults, adolescents, and children. Our approach recognizes the whole person, mind and body. We specialize in the treatment of depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, trauma, grief, stress, addiction, and relationship issues. We provide individual psychotherapy, psychiatry, couples therapy, and family therapy.
(440) 434-3692 View (440) 434-3692
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Borderline Personality (BPD) Therapists

What is the most successful approach to treating borderline personality disorder?

Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is considered the gold standard of treatment for borderline personality disorder. An evidence-based treatment, it addresses the extreme emotional reactivity, the relationship difficulties, and the acts of self-harm that create so much distress for BPD patients. DBT is a comprehensive program that includes both regular individual psychotherapy sessions and weekly group sessions of skills training.

What happens in treatment of borderline personality disorder?

Treatment typically consists of weekly individual therapy sessions that last an hour and group skill-focused instructional sessions that may last up to two hours. Patients are typically given homework “assignments” in which they are asked to practice in their daily life the skills they acquire in therapy. Patients also keep a diary tracking their emotions and impulses as a way to know which situations are most problematic and to help them gain control over their own behavior. Difficult situations and feelings are typically reviewed in therapy sessions and more constructive solutions found.

What kinds of problems does BPD treatment help with?

DBT was initially developed to dampen the self-destructive impulses of chronically suicidal patients. It is now the treatment of choice for borderline personality disorder, a serious condition marked by extreme emotional reactivity, relationship instability, and self-injurious behaviors. Treatment of BPD helps patients tolerate the flux of emotions without acting on them, often with a specific focus on tolerating negative emotions. DBT addresses the core problems of BPD—fear of abandonment, low self-esteem, and impulsivity.

What is the goal of treatment in borderline personality disorder?

The goal of treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD) is to relieve the extreme emotional distress that patients experience—to curb their emotional reactivity, to minimize their inclination to self-harm, and to reduce their impulsivity. Toward these ends, patients are not only taught an array of new coping skills and techniques for emotional regulation, they are given opportunities to practice them. Another major goal of treatment is interpersonal effectiveness; patients learn and problem-solve ways to effectively communicate in relationships, especially how to ask for what they need as a way to minimize hurt feelings.