Therapists in Richland County, OH

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Photo of Roger Higginbotham, MA, LPCC-S, RSP
Roger Higginbotham
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC-S, RSP
Verified Verified
Mansfield, OH 44903
From daily stressors and life decisions to anxiety and depression to trauma and pain, everyone is facing something. Everyone could benefit from mental health therapy. Sometimes it is short term, often it is longer term, yet everyone can discover answers, solve problems, set goals, and level up. Whether you need assistance with making a decision, are struggling with on-going problems, or need healing from deep pain, you can find growth and healing. If you want to feel better or work on becoming your best self or something in between, you can find it here.
From daily stressors and life decisions to anxiety and depression to trauma and pain, everyone is facing something. Everyone could benefit from mental health therapy. Sometimes it is short term, often it is longer term, yet everyone can discover answers, solve problems, set goals, and level up. Whether you need assistance with making a decision, are struggling with on-going problems, or need healing from deep pain, you can find growth and healing. If you want to feel better or work on becoming your best self or something in between, you can find it here.
(419) 871-4669 View (419) 871-4669
Photo of Gary Russell, MA, LPCC-S, LICDC, CRC, Counselor
Gary Russell
Counselor, MA, LPCC-S, LICDC, CRC
Verified Verified
Ontario, OH 44906
Compassionate care for different walks of life. I understand that each person's journey is unique, and their struggles, challenges, and goals are deeply personal. My commitment is to offer tailored counseling and support that respects and honors these differences. Adults, Youth, Individuals, Couples, Family, LGBTQ+, People with disabilities, Vocational Counseling, Rehabilitation Counseling, Mental Health, Anxiety, Depression, PTSD/Trauma, Support for Medication Assisted Treatment, Religious Abuse, ADHD, Anger Management, Substance Use, Adjustment to Disability, Cultural Counseling if New or Returning to the US
Compassionate care for different walks of life. I understand that each person's journey is unique, and their struggles, challenges, and goals are deeply personal. My commitment is to offer tailored counseling and support that respects and honors these differences. Adults, Youth, Individuals, Couples, Family, LGBTQ+, People with disabilities, Vocational Counseling, Rehabilitation Counseling, Mental Health, Anxiety, Depression, PTSD/Trauma, Support for Medication Assisted Treatment, Religious Abuse, ADHD, Anger Management, Substance Use, Adjustment to Disability, Cultural Counseling if New or Returning to the US
(419) 757-8587 View (419) 757-8587
Photo of Mark Googins, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Mark Googins
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Mansfield, OH 44902
You are at a moment in your story where you might be having a hard time. I want to extend my hand to help you navigate this journey. My work focuses on helping you develop new behaviors, habits, and mindsets in areas you may be struggling and creating new outcomes. I believe in partnering with you on this journey to reach your goals. I have a diverse history and have worked with teens, adults, and couples with various clinical approaches to therapy. I have also has worked with trauma victims all over the world. This brings to you a Christian counselor who can integrate your faith into your sessions as part of your healing.
You are at a moment in your story where you might be having a hard time. I want to extend my hand to help you navigate this journey. My work focuses on helping you develop new behaviors, habits, and mindsets in areas you may be struggling and creating new outcomes. I believe in partnering with you on this journey to reach your goals. I have a diverse history and have worked with teens, adults, and couples with various clinical approaches to therapy. I have also has worked with trauma victims all over the world. This brings to you a Christian counselor who can integrate your faith into your sessions as part of your healing.
(419) 963-3244 View (419) 963-3244
Photo of Terri L Woodward, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Terri L Woodward
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Lexington, OH 44904  (Online Only)
Hello! I am currently working with Headway platform. I have a wide variety of folks that I have served. Youth adults, adolescents, pre-adolescents, young children, families, couples and all range of ages of adults. I have worked with children, youth and families in the child welfare arena as well as in juvenile corrections. I work with folks who are trying to navigate, depression, anxiety, PTSD, ADHD, personality disorders.
Hello! I am currently working with Headway platform. I have a wide variety of folks that I have served. Youth adults, adolescents, pre-adolescents, young children, families, couples and all range of ages of adults. I have worked with children, youth and families in the child welfare arena as well as in juvenile corrections. I work with folks who are trying to navigate, depression, anxiety, PTSD, ADHD, personality disorders.
(419) 780-6111 View (419) 780-6111
Photo of Tim Hull, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tim Hull
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Bellville, OH 44813  (Online Only)
My counseling style is highly engaged yet warm and friendly. I will validate your feelings and experiences while offering challenges to help you shift your mindset. Constructive feedback will give you an opportunity to create some distance from your thoughts and feelings so you can observe them more clearly. As you become more self-aware, you will be able to identify when negative thoughts and feelings are taking over—and what to do to stop them. You will also learn how to create boundaries to help you protect your energy. Therapy can help you let go of perfectionism, procrastination, people-pleasing and self defeating behaviors
My counseling style is highly engaged yet warm and friendly. I will validate your feelings and experiences while offering challenges to help you shift your mindset. Constructive feedback will give you an opportunity to create some distance from your thoughts and feelings so you can observe them more clearly. As you become more self-aware, you will be able to identify when negative thoughts and feelings are taking over—and what to do to stop them. You will also learn how to create boundaries to help you protect your energy. Therapy can help you let go of perfectionism, procrastination, people-pleasing and self defeating behaviors
(419) 567-8307 View (419) 567-8307
Photo of Vickie L Jarvis, MA, PCC, SUPV, Counselor
Vickie L Jarvis
Counselor, MA, PCC, SUPV
Verified Verified
Mansfield, OH 44907
I would like to welcome you to Victory Counseling Center. My hope is that you can feel victorious in the process of healing from deep wounds, broken relationships, or find relief from the stress of daily living and from the disappointments that losses in life can bring. I want you to feel safe and supported, knowing that my office provides confidentiality and professionalism. I have a masters' degree from the seminary in counseling, but also a Professional Clinical Counseling license from the state of Ohio. Therefore, I believe in treating the whole person. I am looking forward to meeting you.
I would like to welcome you to Victory Counseling Center. My hope is that you can feel victorious in the process of healing from deep wounds, broken relationships, or find relief from the stress of daily living and from the disappointments that losses in life can bring. I want you to feel safe and supported, knowing that my office provides confidentiality and professionalism. I have a masters' degree from the seminary in counseling, but also a Professional Clinical Counseling license from the state of Ohio. Therefore, I believe in treating the whole person. I am looking forward to meeting you.
(419) 746-4361 View (419) 746-4361
Photo of Susan Marie Sandwall, MSW, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Susan Marie Sandwall
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Mansfield, OH 44906
You are here, reaching out...this first step is the hardest! Together, we can walk through the storm; remove the road block; lift the weight; redesign the roadmap. Together, we can identify all the strengths and tools you already have and build upon them to get untuck and moving forward. You are not alone.
You are here, reaching out...this first step is the hardest! Together, we can walk through the storm; remove the road block; lift the weight; redesign the roadmap. Together, we can identify all the strengths and tools you already have and build upon them to get untuck and moving forward. You are not alone.
(419) 909-3610 View (419) 909-3610
Photo of Dennis A. Marikis, PhD, Psychologist
Dennis A. Marikis
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Mansfield, OH 44907
I have a large staff with expertise in a great variety of concerns with coverage for most insurance claims. I personally want to help people who are highly motivated and can benefit from coaching and open to alternative interventions such as my expertise in home based neurotherapy. I work with busy executives and professional athletes who desire peak performance or need to focus on roadblocks to success. My expertise is as a motivator and mentor for success.
I have a large staff with expertise in a great variety of concerns with coverage for most insurance claims. I personally want to help people who are highly motivated and can benefit from coaching and open to alternative interventions such as my expertise in home based neurotherapy. I work with busy executives and professional athletes who desire peak performance or need to focus on roadblocks to success. My expertise is as a motivator and mentor for success.
(419) 333-1101 View (419) 333-1101
Photo of Richard Hoffmann - Rich Hoffmann MA, LICDC, LPC. at Soulace Group , MA, LICDC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rich Hoffmann MA, LICDC, LPC. at Soulace Group
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LICDC, LPC
Verified Verified
Mansfield, OH 44907
At Soulace Group LLC., our focus is to help individuals heal, energize, and become aware of their inner strengths. We achieve this by providing a neutral safe space, listening to your concerns, and customizing a treatment plan with realistic and relevant objectives you help develop. We will do our best to help you improve your behaviors, relationships and overall daily functioning.
At Soulace Group LLC., our focus is to help individuals heal, energize, and become aware of their inner strengths. We achieve this by providing a neutral safe space, listening to your concerns, and customizing a treatment plan with realistic and relevant objectives you help develop. We will do our best to help you improve your behaviors, relationships and overall daily functioning.
(567) 286-7120 View (567) 286-7120
Photo of Starletta S Collier, MSSW, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Starletta S Collier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lexington, OH 44904  (Online Only)
I practice with adults of all ages, older adolescents and couples.  I treat clients with problems related to depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, relationship/marriage conflicts, substance abuse issues and those individuals who struggle with emotional regulation.   I have worked in a variety of settings including outpatient mental health counseling, residential treatment, felony court, and inpatient counseling.  I believe the best treatment modality is important for success.  I practice using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Mindfulness, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), and a few others.
I practice with adults of all ages, older adolescents and couples.  I treat clients with problems related to depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, relationship/marriage conflicts, substance abuse issues and those individuals who struggle with emotional regulation.   I have worked in a variety of settings including outpatient mental health counseling, residential treatment, felony court, and inpatient counseling.  I believe the best treatment modality is important for success.  I practice using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Mindfulness, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), and a few others.
(614) 660-5982 View (614) 660-5982
Photo of Crystal Russell, LPCC, Counselor
Crystal Russell
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Mansfield, OH 44907  (Online Only)
I enjoy working with people of all ages, but I am passionate about the next generation. Children, adolescents, and young adults have a plethora of information overloading their minds and bodies daily. Often, this information causes sensory overload and produces feelings of distress that manifest as depression, anxiety, social isolation, disconnection, and much more. I believe that by providing a safe space to question, process, and examine the world, children, teens, and young adults can heal from traumatic experiences, grow into their purpose, and become resilient and self-empowered individuals.
I enjoy working with people of all ages, but I am passionate about the next generation. Children, adolescents, and young adults have a plethora of information overloading their minds and bodies daily. Often, this information causes sensory overload and produces feelings of distress that manifest as depression, anxiety, social isolation, disconnection, and much more. I believe that by providing a safe space to question, process, and examine the world, children, teens, and young adults can heal from traumatic experiences, grow into their purpose, and become resilient and self-empowered individuals.
(380) 333-6033 View (380) 333-6033
Photo of Catherine Kolleth, LPCC, Counselor
Catherine Kolleth
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Mansfield, OH 44902  (Online Only)
I have been in the profession for over 12 years, and in that time I have worked with a large variety of clients. I started working in a mental health residential treatment facility for adolescents, then worked in community health care, substance abuse residential treatment and private practice. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges, addictions and LGBTQ+ hurdles. I have also helped many people who have experienced physical trauma or emotional abuse heal and become healthier, as well as embrace the happiness in their lives.
I have been in the profession for over 12 years, and in that time I have worked with a large variety of clients. I started working in a mental health residential treatment facility for adolescents, then worked in community health care, substance abuse residential treatment and private practice. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges, addictions and LGBTQ+ hurdles. I have also helped many people who have experienced physical trauma or emotional abuse heal and become healthier, as well as embrace the happiness in their lives.
(419) 601-6273 View (419) 601-6273
Photo of Katie M Kissel, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Katie M Kissel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Shelby, OH 44875
I enjoy working with diverse groups of clients and I'm pretty adaptable to the needs of clients. It's important to me that you have a positive experience in therapy as my client and I focus on building positive therapeutic relationship. I work with adults who are part of the LGBTQIA+ community, whether they are well established in the community or just beginning exploration, people who want to improve their quality of life whether that be through confidence, lifestyle changes, or challenging unhealthy societal views. If you struggle with mental health concerns, women's issues, or issues related to lifestyle changes.
I enjoy working with diverse groups of clients and I'm pretty adaptable to the needs of clients. It's important to me that you have a positive experience in therapy as my client and I focus on building positive therapeutic relationship. I work with adults who are part of the LGBTQIA+ community, whether they are well established in the community or just beginning exploration, people who want to improve their quality of life whether that be through confidence, lifestyle changes, or challenging unhealthy societal views. If you struggle with mental health concerns, women's issues, or issues related to lifestyle changes.
(419) 904-5078 View (419) 904-5078
Photo of Corrie Gerster, LPCC
Corrie Gerster
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Shelby, OH 44875
Imagine feeling overwhelmed by stress, anxiety, or the weight of past traumas. You might be a survivor of human trafficking, grappling with depression, or navigating complex relationship dynamics. Perhaps you're transitioning into adulthood or parenthood, facing personality disorders, or struggling with self-harm and suicidal thoughts. Your goal is to find a safe space to heal, understand yourself better, and build a fulfilling life. You want a compassionate, experienced therapist who truly understands your unique challenges and can guide you towards lasting change.
Imagine feeling overwhelmed by stress, anxiety, or the weight of past traumas. You might be a survivor of human trafficking, grappling with depression, or navigating complex relationship dynamics. Perhaps you're transitioning into adulthood or parenthood, facing personality disorders, or struggling with self-harm and suicidal thoughts. Your goal is to find a safe space to heal, understand yourself better, and build a fulfilling life. You want a compassionate, experienced therapist who truly understands your unique challenges and can guide you towards lasting change.
(567) 339-3121 View (567) 339-3121
Photo of Jill A Waite, LPCC-S, Counselor
Jill A Waite
Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Mansfield, OH 44906
Not accepting new clients
Please check back at a later date for availabilty - currently unable to schedule new clients. Thank you. Brook Run Counseling & Consulting is a private mental health office located in Mansfield/Ontario, Ohio. Jill A. Waite, LPCC-S, opened her agency with the intent to advocate, encourage, educate, and empower people on their journey of emotional healing. Jill has been a licensed counselor since 2004, and in 2017, became certified as an EMDR therapist.
Please check back at a later date for availabilty - currently unable to schedule new clients. Thank you. Brook Run Counseling & Consulting is a private mental health office located in Mansfield/Ontario, Ohio. Jill A. Waite, LPCC-S, opened her agency with the intent to advocate, encourage, educate, and empower people on their journey of emotional healing. Jill has been a licensed counselor since 2004, and in 2017, became certified as an EMDR therapist.
(567) 236-8221 View (567) 236-8221
Photo of Michelle M Morris, MSW, LISW-S, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michelle M Morris
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shelby, OH 44875  (Online Only)
Overwhelmed? Have you said or someone told you, “You’re a hot mess?” Do you need a cheerleader, someone who genuinely cares and nurtures your growth? Look no further! I see a limited number of people per week to keep my practice person-centered around you. There are available hours for most needs, including evenings. My private practice, The Open Gate is exclusively telehealth. In today’s world, people are overextended and trying to find balance. My walk is all about balance and finding the path that best matches your needs. I want to help people who are motivated for change and can benefit from support and strategies.
Overwhelmed? Have you said or someone told you, “You’re a hot mess?” Do you need a cheerleader, someone who genuinely cares and nurtures your growth? Look no further! I see a limited number of people per week to keep my practice person-centered around you. There are available hours for most needs, including evenings. My private practice, The Open Gate is exclusively telehealth. In today’s world, people are overextended and trying to find balance. My walk is all about balance and finding the path that best matches your needs. I want to help people who are motivated for change and can benefit from support and strategies.
(419) 314-4880 View (419) 314-4880
Photo of Frescia Erica Poth, MSW, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Frescia Erica Poth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Mansfield, OH 44907  (Online Only)
I’m Frescia Poth, a Licensed Independent Social Worker with Supervisory Status (LISW-S), and I’m here to support you on your journey toward healing and growth. With over 10 years of experience working as a therapist in both community mental health and private practice, I’ve had the privilege of helping individuals like you navigate a range of challenges, from depression and anxiety to trauma, adjustment disorders, and more.
I’m Frescia Poth, a Licensed Independent Social Worker with Supervisory Status (LISW-S), and I’m here to support you on your journey toward healing and growth. With over 10 years of experience working as a therapist in both community mental health and private practice, I’ve had the privilege of helping individuals like you navigate a range of challenges, from depression and anxiety to trauma, adjustment disorders, and more.
(216) 480-7947 View (216) 480-7947
Photo of John C Jorden, DMin, MEd, Psychologist
John C Jorden
Psychologist, DMin, MEd
Verified Verified
Mansfield, OH 44901
I have been in practice for over 40 years. I enjoy getting to know my patients and deem it a great privilege to hold their concerns in my heart and offer engaged problem solving. I am eclectic in therapy style using relationship to help patients cope and hopefully resolve presenting issues.
I have been in practice for over 40 years. I enjoy getting to know my patients and deem it a great privilege to hold their concerns in my heart and offer engaged problem solving. I am eclectic in therapy style using relationship to help patients cope and hopefully resolve presenting issues.
(419) 721-6090 View (419) 721-6090
Photo of Stephanie Castle, LCP, Psychologist
Stephanie Castle
Psychologist, LCP
Verified Verified
Bellville, OH 44813
Hi! My name is Stephanie Castle, and I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist in the state of Ohio, working with clients statewide via telehealth. I provide therapy to adults and specialize in treating anxiety, depression, and stress-related conditions, primarily using Brief Solution Focused Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Supportive Therapy. I can work with adult clients from a variety of backgrounds, cultures, and experiences. This includes clients in stressful occupations, clients facing catastrophic or terminal illness, and significant life changes.
Hi! My name is Stephanie Castle, and I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist in the state of Ohio, working with clients statewide via telehealth. I provide therapy to adults and specialize in treating anxiety, depression, and stress-related conditions, primarily using Brief Solution Focused Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Supportive Therapy. I can work with adult clients from a variety of backgrounds, cultures, and experiences. This includes clients in stressful occupations, clients facing catastrophic or terminal illness, and significant life changes.
(440) 276-5824 View (440) 276-5824
Photo of Savanah L Nirosky, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Savanah L Nirosky
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Mansfield, OH 44906
My current practice includes a focus on mental health needs for adults and young adults (age 18-99) dealing with difficult life transitions and mental health needs. I have past experience working in a nursing home setting so I am well versed in Alzheimer's and Dementia Care and Behaviors as well as family and caregiver needs for that population. I use an eclectic approach that includes tools from DBT, Somatic Experiencing, Motivational Interviewing, with a Trauma informed lens.
My current practice includes a focus on mental health needs for adults and young adults (age 18-99) dealing with difficult life transitions and mental health needs. I have past experience working in a nursing home setting so I am well versed in Alzheimer's and Dementia Care and Behaviors as well as family and caregiver needs for that population. I use an eclectic approach that includes tools from DBT, Somatic Experiencing, Motivational Interviewing, with a Trauma informed lens.
(419) 567-8108 View (419) 567-8108
1

See more therapy options for Richland County

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Richland County, OH

20+

Average cost per session

$122

Therapists in Richland County, OH who prioritize treating:

86% Trauma and PTSD
83% Depression
83% Anxiety
66% Stress
62% Relationship Issues
59% Grief
59% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% Cigna and Evernorth
82% Anthem
77% Aetna

How Therapists in Richland County, OH see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

66% Female
34% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Richland County?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.