Therapists in Guernsey County, OH

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Photo of Catherine Kolleth, LPCC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Catherine Kolleth
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Cambridge, OH 43725
I have been in the profession for over 12 years, and in that time I have worked with a large variety of clients. I started working in a mental health residential treatment facility for adolescents, then worked in community health care, substance abuse residential treatment and private practice. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges, addictions and LGBTQ+ hurdles. I have also helped many people who have experienced physical trauma or emotional abuse heal and become healthier, as well as embrace the happiness in their lives.
I have been in the profession for over 12 years, and in that time I have worked with a large variety of clients. I started working in a mental health residential treatment facility for adolescents, then worked in community health care, substance abuse residential treatment and private practice. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges, addictions and LGBTQ+ hurdles. I have also helped many people who have experienced physical trauma or emotional abuse heal and become healthier, as well as embrace the happiness in their lives.
(740) 715-4388 View (740) 715-4388
Photo of Alicia W Amato - People to People Counseling Services, MSW, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
People to People Counseling Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cambridge, OH 43725
Do you have difficulty concentrating? Trouble falling or staying asleep? Irritable behavior, angry outbursts? Many people are struggling with trauma symptoms. This can range from feeling fear, horror, anger, guilt or shame to headaches, heart pounding, trouble breathing and sweating. Not taking care of yourself can lead to chronic health problems, mental illness, and substance use problems. We believe that learning healthy ways to cope and getting the right care and support can help reduce upsetting feelings and symptoms. Our staff is excited to work with you to create a plan to help you move forward.
Do you have difficulty concentrating? Trouble falling or staying asleep? Irritable behavior, angry outbursts? Many people are struggling with trauma symptoms. This can range from feeling fear, horror, anger, guilt or shame to headaches, heart pounding, trouble breathing and sweating. Not taking care of yourself can lead to chronic health problems, mental illness, and substance use problems. We believe that learning healthy ways to cope and getting the right care and support can help reduce upsetting feelings and symptoms. Our staff is excited to work with you to create a plan to help you move forward.
(740) 200-4004 View (740) 200-4004
Photo of Julia Dee, LPC
Julia Dee
LPC
Verified Verified
Cambridge, OH 43725
I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Ohio and South Carolina with over 20 years of practical therapeutic experience and education in the mental health field. I specialize in women's issues, Anxiety, Coping Skills, Depression, Trauma, PTSD, and behavior patterns in your adult life that stem from stressors, abuse, neglect, and trauma experienced in childhood. I utilize a mix of modalities such as Cognitive Behavioral (CBT), Trauma Focused, Strength-Based, Attachment-based, and Psychodynamic therapy. I believe we are all works in progress, and balance in life is essential to improving one's life.
I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Ohio and South Carolina with over 20 years of practical therapeutic experience and education in the mental health field. I specialize in women's issues, Anxiety, Coping Skills, Depression, Trauma, PTSD, and behavior patterns in your adult life that stem from stressors, abuse, neglect, and trauma experienced in childhood. I utilize a mix of modalities such as Cognitive Behavioral (CBT), Trauma Focused, Strength-Based, Attachment-based, and Psychodynamic therapy. I believe we are all works in progress, and balance in life is essential to improving one's life.
(937) 858-6433 View (937) 858-6433
Photo of Holly Hengartner, MA, LPCC-S, Counselor
Holly Hengartner
Counselor, MA, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Fairview, OH 43736
Not accepting new clients
As a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and supervisor, I work with children, adolescents, and adults with a variety of presenting concerns. My goal as a therapist is to provide an individualized approach to each client and meet them where they are. Clients who work with me can expect to be met with empathy and openness, as the therapeutic relationship is incredibly important. Clients can also expect to learn evidence-based skills to manage the symptoms they are experiencing, as well as tools to navigate situations occurring in their life. I see clients primarily at our Sheffield location and via Telehealth.
As a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and supervisor, I work with children, adolescents, and adults with a variety of presenting concerns. My goal as a therapist is to provide an individualized approach to each client and meet them where they are. Clients who work with me can expect to be met with empathy and openness, as the therapeutic relationship is incredibly important. Clients can also expect to learn evidence-based skills to manage the symptoms they are experiencing, as well as tools to navigate situations occurring in their life. I see clients primarily at our Sheffield location and via Telehealth.
(216) 242-1637 View (216) 242-1637
Photo of William DeFelice, LPCC
William DeFelice
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Quaker City, OH 43773
Hello, my name is Bill DeFelice. I am a masters degreed level mental health therapist in the state of Ohio. I am licensed with my LPCCS. A secondary license that I have is an LICDC-CS. This enables me to treat clients who may be addicted to drugs. My focus areas of counseling are Mood Disorders(Depression, and Bi-Polar disorder), Anxiety, Panic Attacks, Family Counseling, Relationship Counseling and ADHD. My approach to counseling is to use the CBT approach. This is simply pointing out errors in thinking to a client and helping him/her develop rational and replacement thoughts.
Hello, my name is Bill DeFelice. I am a masters degreed level mental health therapist in the state of Ohio. I am licensed with my LPCCS. A secondary license that I have is an LICDC-CS. This enables me to treat clients who may be addicted to drugs. My focus areas of counseling are Mood Disorders(Depression, and Bi-Polar disorder), Anxiety, Panic Attacks, Family Counseling, Relationship Counseling and ADHD. My approach to counseling is to use the CBT approach. This is simply pointing out errors in thinking to a client and helping him/her develop rational and replacement thoughts.
(330) 859-6936 View (330) 859-6936
Photo of Jacquie Kirkbride, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jacquie Kirkbride
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Cambridge, OH 43725
Every person, regardless of age, gender, or life experience has the potential to be the best person that they can be! You may have been dealt some really bad cards in life, but that doesn't mean you will always hold that hand! It's time to make a change and I would love to help you accomplish your goals!
Every person, regardless of age, gender, or life experience has the potential to be the best person that they can be! You may have been dealt some really bad cards in life, but that doesn't mean you will always hold that hand! It's time to make a change and I would love to help you accomplish your goals!
(740) 562-6198 View (740) 562-6198

Online Therapists

Photo of Whitney L Speakman, LPC, Counselor
Whitney L Speakman
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Circleville, OH 43113
Life can bring its share of challenges for children, teens, and adults. We are human and sometimes need help working through the constant demands of life. Children experiencing anxiety or behavioral issues? Teens struggling with depression, peer pressure, and every day stressors? Needing help with your past traumas or every day burn out? I am here to help! I am passionate about helping others through their darkest or most anxiety ridden places and coming out of therapy with a new mind set and personal growth. You or your child will build skills to better manage the toughest seasons of life.
Life can bring its share of challenges for children, teens, and adults. We are human and sometimes need help working through the constant demands of life. Children experiencing anxiety or behavioral issues? Teens struggling with depression, peer pressure, and every day stressors? Needing help with your past traumas or every day burn out? I am here to help! I am passionate about helping others through their darkest or most anxiety ridden places and coming out of therapy with a new mind set and personal growth. You or your child will build skills to better manage the toughest seasons of life.
(740) 921-1196 View (740) 921-1196
Photo of Nyema Bedell, LPCC-S, Counselor
Nyema Bedell
Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Waitlist for new clients
We all need someone who will listen and walk alongside us. Someone that will provide support, healing, and encouragement during our difficult times in life." I strive to provide a safe, confidential and non-judgmental environment to assist individuals, couples and/or children during every season of life.
We all need someone who will listen and walk alongside us. Someone that will provide support, healing, and encouragement during our difficult times in life." I strive to provide a safe, confidential and non-judgmental environment to assist individuals, couples and/or children during every season of life.
(234) 386-1054 View (234) 386-1054
Photo of Julia Armstrong, LPCC, ATR, Counselor
Julia Armstrong
Counselor, LPCC, ATR
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43215
When dealing with anxiety, depression, or trauma, you may be wondering if there is hope for you or if your life can ever change. Many counselors enter this field because we ourselves know what it is like to struggle, myself included. My experiences and training have led me to believe that we as people have an incredible capacity for change and healing. If you are ready to make changes in your life or simply need a listening ear, you have come to the right place. Life is hard, but we don't have to do it alone.
When dealing with anxiety, depression, or trauma, you may be wondering if there is hope for you or if your life can ever change. Many counselors enter this field because we ourselves know what it is like to struggle, myself included. My experiences and training have led me to believe that we as people have an incredible capacity for change and healing. If you are ready to make changes in your life or simply need a listening ear, you have come to the right place. Life is hard, but we don't have to do it alone.
(740) 265-2608 View (740) 265-2608
Photo of Christina Smith, BA, CT, Counselor
Christina Smith
Counselor, BA, CT
Verified Verified
Canton, OH 44718
Christina Smith (pronouns: she/her) is a counselor trainee who works with children, adolescents, adults, groups and families. Her specialty interests include: children’s and adolescent issues, trauma, women’s issues, family conflict, and integrating creativity and positive psychology into counseling practice. She utilizes treatment approaches that are evidence-based and uniquely tailored to each client.
Christina Smith (pronouns: she/her) is a counselor trainee who works with children, adolescents, adults, groups and families. Her specialty interests include: children’s and adolescent issues, trauma, women’s issues, family conflict, and integrating creativity and positive psychology into counseling practice. She utilizes treatment approaches that are evidence-based and uniquely tailored to each client.
(330) 915-2907 View (330) 915-2907
Photo of Patricia Griswold
Patricia Griswold
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor
Verified Verified
Delaware, OH 43015  (Online Only)
We all face numerous challenges in our lives, many beyond our control. How we react and respond will help to determine resolutions and our sense of peace. One major issue that many people face is navigating relationships well, whether it be a significant other, family of origin, parenting challenges, or workplace relationships. My desire is to help individuals and families to develop and improve skills to empower themselves to manage whatever difficulties they face. I believe that faith is an important aspect of life that can have a great impact on coming to terms with loss and finding one's true value and purpose.
We all face numerous challenges in our lives, many beyond our control. How we react and respond will help to determine resolutions and our sense of peace. One major issue that many people face is navigating relationships well, whether it be a significant other, family of origin, parenting challenges, or workplace relationships. My desire is to help individuals and families to develop and improve skills to empower themselves to manage whatever difficulties they face. I believe that faith is an important aspect of life that can have a great impact on coming to terms with loss and finding one's true value and purpose.
(513) 848-5606 View (513) 848-5606
Photo of Sarah Cercone, LISW-S, CSTIP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sarah Cercone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S, CSTIP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Youngstown, OH 44512
Waitlist for new clients
Regular talk therapy not working? Need something different to heal traumatic memories or negative beliefs about self? Maybe you find yourself wondering if your relationship is healthy? Or if sex/intimacy could be improved? As a Sex Therapist in training and a Certified Sex Therapy Informed Professional (CSTIP), I would love to introduce you to talk therapy integrated with EMDR. Ya know, sometimes in life things get difficult, relationships change, you grow...let me allow you to explore these things in a safe place. I am here to support, inform and walk you (and your partner/s) through your journey to learn, heal, love and grow!
Regular talk therapy not working? Need something different to heal traumatic memories or negative beliefs about self? Maybe you find yourself wondering if your relationship is healthy? Or if sex/intimacy could be improved? As a Sex Therapist in training and a Certified Sex Therapy Informed Professional (CSTIP), I would love to introduce you to talk therapy integrated with EMDR. Ya know, sometimes in life things get difficult, relationships change, you grow...let me allow you to explore these things in a safe place. I am here to support, inform and walk you (and your partner/s) through your journey to learn, heal, love and grow!
(330) 403-8978 View (330) 403-8978
Photo of Stephanie Heck, IMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Stephanie Heck
Marriage & Family Therapist, IMFT
Verified Verified
Chagrin Falls, OH 44023
Hello! I’m Stephanie Heck and I am a licensed marriage and family therapist with 20 years experience. I was trained in marriage and family therapy and art therapy in LA California, and currently reside in Ohio. There are two parts to my practice- therapy services and Lyme Disease support. Along the lines of therapy, I work with teens, individuals, couples and families on a variety of issues. On the Lyme Disease support side, I use the knowledge I acquired from my own healing from Lyme disease to help people navigate the emotional and scary journey of their own healing.
Hello! I’m Stephanie Heck and I am a licensed marriage and family therapist with 20 years experience. I was trained in marriage and family therapy and art therapy in LA California, and currently reside in Ohio. There are two parts to my practice- therapy services and Lyme Disease support. Along the lines of therapy, I work with teens, individuals, couples and families on a variety of issues. On the Lyme Disease support side, I use the knowledge I acquired from my own healing from Lyme disease to help people navigate the emotional and scary journey of their own healing.
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Photo of Belinda Lauer, MSSA, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Belinda Lauer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, LISW
Verified Verified
Chagrin Falls, OH 44023
I have worked in the mental health field since 1992, beginning in Boston, MA moving to Augusta, GA and finally settling in Cleveland, OH. My early work was trauma based with children and adolescents. My practice has since grown to include families and couples. I now see clients from the age of 10, adolescents, adults, families and couples. Emotional distress, from slight unease to life disrupting behaviors, can be linked to unprocessed emotional responses to stressors. I use an integrated approach to discover and process the triggering emotions, leading healthier thought processes and a more authentic expression of self.
I have worked in the mental health field since 1992, beginning in Boston, MA moving to Augusta, GA and finally settling in Cleveland, OH. My early work was trauma based with children and adolescents. My practice has since grown to include families and couples. I now see clients from the age of 10, adolescents, adults, families and couples. Emotional distress, from slight unease to life disrupting behaviors, can be linked to unprocessed emotional responses to stressors. I use an integrated approach to discover and process the triggering emotions, leading healthier thought processes and a more authentic expression of self.
(440) 397-4333 View (440) 397-4333
Photo of Cathy Dye, MSW, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cathy Dye
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW
Verified Verified
Boardman, OH 44512
Cathy Dye is a licensed social worker with over 20 years experience in the field of social services. Cathy completed her Bachelor of Arts Degree in Psychology from Youngstown State University in 2000. Cathy continued her education in 2016, earning a Master of Social Work Degree from Youngstown State University in 2019. Cathy specializes in trauma, anxiety, depression, relationships, life/career issues, as well as identity and existential concerns.
Cathy Dye is a licensed social worker with over 20 years experience in the field of social services. Cathy completed her Bachelor of Arts Degree in Psychology from Youngstown State University in 2000. Cathy continued her education in 2016, earning a Master of Social Work Degree from Youngstown State University in 2019. Cathy specializes in trauma, anxiety, depression, relationships, life/career issues, as well as identity and existential concerns.
(330) 330-8655 View (330) 330-8655
Photo of LAURA B Donnelly - Laura Donnelly Counseling, LLC, MA, LPCC-S
Laura Donnelly Counseling, LLC
MA, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43220
I am well versed in treating anxiety, depression, other mood disorders, trauma, attachment issues, ADHD, personality quirks, and much more. I approach each client in a unique manner, meeting them where they are at and taking time to build a therapeutic relationship. I use evidenced based treatment strategies inclusive of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance Commitment Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Solution-Focused, Choice Theory, and more including trauma informed methods. I attempt to incorporate the client’s hobbies and interests into treatment and offer a hopeful, optimistic, client centered approach.
I am well versed in treating anxiety, depression, other mood disorders, trauma, attachment issues, ADHD, personality quirks, and much more. I approach each client in a unique manner, meeting them where they are at and taking time to build a therapeutic relationship. I use evidenced based treatment strategies inclusive of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance Commitment Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Solution-Focused, Choice Theory, and more including trauma informed methods. I attempt to incorporate the client’s hobbies and interests into treatment and offer a hopeful, optimistic, client centered approach.
(614) 943-8848 View (614) 943-8848
Photo of Kimberly Supman, LPCC-S, PMH-C
Kimberly Supman
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC-S, PMH-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Worthington, OH 43085
Waitlist for new clients
How long has it been since you felt like yourself? Has it been so long that you've nearly forgotten who the real "you" is? The pain of depression, anxiety, and traumatic memories do not have to steal your joy. Together we can process that pain in a way that allows you to understand it better and move past it. My experience working with college students in university settings and with new parents experiencing perinatal and maternal mental health concerns gives me passion and insight into the specific needs and issues facing these phases of life.
How long has it been since you felt like yourself? Has it been so long that you've nearly forgotten who the real "you" is? The pain of depression, anxiety, and traumatic memories do not have to steal your joy. Together we can process that pain in a way that allows you to understand it better and move past it. My experience working with college students in university settings and with new parents experiencing perinatal and maternal mental health concerns gives me passion and insight into the specific needs and issues facing these phases of life.
(614) 412-1930 View (614) 412-1930
Photo of Michael Stranges, LPCC, Counselor
Michael Stranges
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Delaware, OH 43015
Are you seeking to overcome depression, anxiety, trauma, or addiction? Perhaps you're dealing with relationship issues, low self-esteem, or grief. You want to be your best self and need a compassionate, experienced therapist to guide you through life's challenges.
Are you seeking to overcome depression, anxiety, trauma, or addiction? Perhaps you're dealing with relationship issues, low self-esteem, or grief. You want to be your best self and need a compassionate, experienced therapist to guide you through life's challenges.
(740) 875-2604 View (740) 875-2604
Photo of Kelsee M Tucker, PhD, Psychologist
Kelsee M Tucker
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43230  (Online Only)
Are you feeling misunderstood and disconnected? I'd love to help. The foundation of my work is to help couples repair and find love and connection again. I specialize in relationships and want you to feel happy and fulfilled in yours. I help couples repair trust, learn new ways to communicate to feel heard and understood, improve intimacy, and navigate parenting challenges. Together we can get your relationship back on track and more solid than ever before.
Are you feeling misunderstood and disconnected? I'd love to help. The foundation of my work is to help couples repair and find love and connection again. I specialize in relationships and want you to feel happy and fulfilled in yours. I help couples repair trust, learn new ways to communicate to feel heard and understood, improve intimacy, and navigate parenting challenges. Together we can get your relationship back on track and more solid than ever before.
(765) 246-9698 View (765) 246-9698
Photo of Shannon K McGinty, LPCC-S, Counselor
Shannon K McGinty
Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43235  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical counselor with a Bachelor's degree in Psychology and Sociology from Miami University and a Master’s degree from the University of Dayton. I have worked with children, adolescents, adults and families in a variety of mental health settings and levels of care. Generally, my clients have been working on behavioral and mental challenges related to anxiety, depression, eating disorders, complex trauma, grief and loss, interpersonal relationship concerns, and difficulty with functioning in everyday life.
I am a licensed clinical counselor with a Bachelor's degree in Psychology and Sociology from Miami University and a Master’s degree from the University of Dayton. I have worked with children, adolescents, adults and families in a variety of mental health settings and levels of care. Generally, my clients have been working on behavioral and mental challenges related to anxiety, depression, eating disorders, complex trauma, grief and loss, interpersonal relationship concerns, and difficulty with functioning in everyday life.
(614) 714-1016 View (614) 714-1016

See more therapy options for Guernsey County

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Guernsey County, OH

< 10

Therapists in Guernsey County, OH who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Family Conflict
100% Stress
83% Divorce
83% Coping Skills
67% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aetna
100% BlueCross and BlueShield
100% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Guernsey County, OH see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

80% Female
20% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Guernsey County?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.