Therapists in Yonkers, NY

Photo of James Maxwell, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
James Maxwell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10701
James Maxwell, LCSW James brings 30 yrs experience in working with substance abuse and mental health issues. He is a trauma informed therapist who attended seminars given by Bessel van der Kolk focusing on the physical and psychological effects of traumatic experiences. James also has a keen interest in working with other addictive behaviors as, OCD, gambling and sex addiction, and codependency. In addition, he has treated symptoms of depression and anxiety, bipolar and personality disorders. His modes of treatment are individual, group, couples' and family therapy.
James Maxwell, LCSW James brings 30 yrs experience in working with substance abuse and mental health issues. He is a trauma informed therapist who attended seminars given by Bessel van der Kolk focusing on the physical and psychological effects of traumatic experiences. James also has a keen interest in working with other addictive behaviors as, OCD, gambling and sex addiction, and codependency. In addition, he has treated symptoms of depression and anxiety, bipolar and personality disorders. His modes of treatment are individual, group, couples' and family therapy.
(914) 350-4986 View (914) 350-4986
Photo of Lateefah Kamara - Think Aloud Mental Health Counseling PLLC, LMHC, MSEd, Counselor
Think Aloud Mental Health Counseling PLLC
Counselor, LMHC, MSEd
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10710  (Online Only)
If you are reading this, you've already overcome one of the biggest hurdles in getting help - acceptance. You may have been struggling with anxiety, negative self-talk or something else for a long time, but we all deserve to feel good and walk in our purpose. Unfortunately, when life starts to life, we tend to move farther and farther away from intention. I am here to offer a safe space for you to peel back your layers and share your innermost you.
If you are reading this, you've already overcome one of the biggest hurdles in getting help - acceptance. You may have been struggling with anxiety, negative self-talk or something else for a long time, but we all deserve to feel good and walk in our purpose. Unfortunately, when life starts to life, we tend to move farther and farther away from intention. I am here to offer a safe space for you to peel back your layers and share your innermost you.
(914) 877-2814 View (914) 877-2814
Photo of Jeannette Douglas, LMSW
Jeannette Douglas
LMSW
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10710
Thank you for taking this brave step in improving your mental health and well-being. I work with clients to address a wide range of challenges including addiction, anxiety, depression, and relationship problems. I work with individuals, couples parents, and adolescents on various other issues which we face in our daily lives. One of the most difficult steps is for a person to ask for help which takes immense courage and mindfulness.
Thank you for taking this brave step in improving your mental health and well-being. I work with clients to address a wide range of challenges including addiction, anxiety, depression, and relationship problems. I work with individuals, couples parents, and adolescents on various other issues which we face in our daily lives. One of the most difficult steps is for a person to ask for help which takes immense courage and mindfulness.
(914) 256-1681 View (914) 256-1681
Photo of Aedrea Androus, LMHC, Counselor
Aedrea Androus
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10704  (Online Only)
Hello! My name is Aedrea and I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in the state of New York. I address different mental health concerns including depression, anxiety, trauma, chronic mental health needs and interpersonal challenges. I hold zeal in supporting those in the LGBTQIA+ community, as well as non-traditional relationships, sex, and sexuality. I encourage growth with adolescents, adults, and couples, and I utilize an eclectic, integrative approach that is tailored to your unique needs.
Hello! My name is Aedrea and I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in the state of New York. I address different mental health concerns including depression, anxiety, trauma, chronic mental health needs and interpersonal challenges. I hold zeal in supporting those in the LGBTQIA+ community, as well as non-traditional relationships, sex, and sexuality. I encourage growth with adolescents, adults, and couples, and I utilize an eclectic, integrative approach that is tailored to your unique needs.
(646) 846-5020 View (646) 846-5020
Photo of Joshua Barnes, LP-MHC, M-CASAC, MPS, Pre-Licensed Professional
Joshua Barnes
Pre-Licensed Professional, LP-MHC, M-CASAC, MPS
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10710  (Online Only)
I offer a professional, respectful, client centered environment to help my clients understand and resolve their problems, discover their strengths, and to accentuate positive behaviors and relationships. I have experience working with individuals, couples, and families; helping them to deal with life stressors and transitions. My work emphasizes crisis management through individual counseling, group therapy, and medication management. Specifically, my work includes working with individual with mental health diagnosis such as anxiety, depression or bi-polar. I have also served to counsel troubled marriages, substance use and abuse.
I offer a professional, respectful, client centered environment to help my clients understand and resolve their problems, discover their strengths, and to accentuate positive behaviors and relationships. I have experience working with individuals, couples, and families; helping them to deal with life stressors and transitions. My work emphasizes crisis management through individual counseling, group therapy, and medication management. Specifically, my work includes working with individual with mental health diagnosis such as anxiety, depression or bi-polar. I have also served to counsel troubled marriages, substance use and abuse.
(718) 650-2572 View (718) 650-2572
Photo of Jessica Gelfand, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jessica Gelfand
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10701
Hello! I'm Jessica, I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) working in New York State. I specialize in working with adults with a range of concerns from serious mental health diagnoses to addiction, to anxiety and relationship concerns. I typically work with adults dealing with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, substance use disorders, and/or PTSD. I'm happy to discuss diagnoses and conditions not listed as well. I work with individuals of all gender identities, as well as everyone across the LGBTIQA+ spectrum.
Hello! I'm Jessica, I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) working in New York State. I specialize in working with adults with a range of concerns from serious mental health diagnoses to addiction, to anxiety and relationship concerns. I typically work with adults dealing with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, substance use disorders, and/or PTSD. I'm happy to discuss diagnoses and conditions not listed as well. I work with individuals of all gender identities, as well as everyone across the LGBTIQA+ spectrum.
(332) 900-4104 View (332) 900-4104
Photo of Jahmeal Blain, LMHC, Counselor
Jahmeal Blain
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Yonkers, NY 10703  (Online Only)
I assist clients that need assistance with coping with anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues and anger management issues. If you are looking for support with life struggles or need assistance with making connections or understanding different aspects of life.
I assist clients that need assistance with coping with anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues and anger management issues. If you are looking for support with life struggles or need assistance with making connections or understanding different aspects of life.
(347) 573-9153 View (347) 573-9153
Photo of Genesis Urena - New Hope Psychotherapy LCSW, LCSW, LICSW, SIFI, CSAT-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
New Hope Psychotherapy LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW, SIFI, CSAT-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Yonkers, NY 10704  (Online Only)
Hi, I'm Genesis Urena, founder of New Hope Psychotherapy. We are dedicated to working with clients seeking healing transformative experiences. We are committed to supporting individuals, families and couples struggling with relationship conflicts, generational trauma, work/life balance issues, depression, anxiety, and traumatic experiences. It’s hard to feel motivated when you’re feeling stuck at work, uncertain about your relationships, or trapped in the spirals of worry and lack of motivation. We are dedicated to helping you reach your goals with a relationship built on compassion and real-life tools.
Hi, I'm Genesis Urena, founder of New Hope Psychotherapy. We are dedicated to working with clients seeking healing transformative experiences. We are committed to supporting individuals, families and couples struggling with relationship conflicts, generational trauma, work/life balance issues, depression, anxiety, and traumatic experiences. It’s hard to feel motivated when you’re feeling stuck at work, uncertain about your relationships, or trapped in the spirals of worry and lack of motivation. We are dedicated to helping you reach your goals with a relationship built on compassion and real-life tools.
(929) 374-2370 View (929) 374-2370
Photo of Susan Kaskowitz, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Susan Kaskowitz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10701
Susan Kaskowitz is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in New Jersey who has been practicing since the 1990s. Susan offers the compassionate ability to help clients better manage stress, depression, and anxiety as well as coping with addictions, relationship issues, trauma, and related abuse. She believes in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and care. Susan will tailor dialog and treatment goals to meet the client's unique needs and work together to develop the coping skills beneficial to support desired growth. Outside of work, Susan loves dogs, good friends, movies, and dance.
Susan Kaskowitz is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in New Jersey who has been practicing since the 1990s. Susan offers the compassionate ability to help clients better manage stress, depression, and anxiety as well as coping with addictions, relationship issues, trauma, and related abuse. She believes in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and care. Susan will tailor dialog and treatment goals to meet the client's unique needs and work together to develop the coping skills beneficial to support desired growth. Outside of work, Susan loves dogs, good friends, movies, and dance.
(914) 826-8604 View (914) 826-8604
Photo of Childhood Trauma And Relationship Issues Recovery Ashley Alahakoon, MS, LMHC, Counselor
Childhood Trauma And Relationship Issues Recovery Ashley Alahakoon
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Yonkers, NY 10701
Hello! My name is Ashley and I am a licensed mental health counselor located in Yonkers, NY. I support people who are dealing with low self-esteem and challenges in forming positive relationships.
Hello! My name is Ashley and I am a licensed mental health counselor located in Yonkers, NY. I support people who are dealing with low self-esteem and challenges in forming positive relationships.
(347) 657-6315 View (347) 657-6315
Photo of Emma Boruchov, Pre-Licensed Professional
Emma Boruchov
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Yonkers, NY 10701  (Online Only)
My goal is to lead clients toward a fulfilling life. I do this by creating a safe space filled with empathy, understanding, and absolutely zero judgement. I am here to provide support to teenagers and adults who experience difficulty with anxiety, life transitions, depression, family conflicts, relationship issues and more. I focus on empowering my clients by tailoring the therapeutic space to what works for them in order to maximize their abilities and help them create the life they envision for themselves.
My goal is to lead clients toward a fulfilling life. I do this by creating a safe space filled with empathy, understanding, and absolutely zero judgement. I am here to provide support to teenagers and adults who experience difficulty with anxiety, life transitions, depression, family conflicts, relationship issues and more. I focus on empowering my clients by tailoring the therapeutic space to what works for them in order to maximize their abilities and help them create the life they envision for themselves.
(914) 350-5271 View (914) 350-5271
Photo of Kristen E. Deceglie, MS, MHC-LP, Pre-Licensed Professional
Kristen E. Deceglie
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10701  (Online Only)
Are you feeling overwhelmed by anxiety or the stress of day-to-day life? Are you dealing with trauma or low self-esteem? Are you trying to navigate life transitions? Do you get down on yourself and feel unsure of how to make positive changes in your life? Are you looking for new or unique ways to cope with life stressors? If so, you have come to the right place! I believe in the power of self-discovery and aim to guide you toward a path of self-acceptance and personal growth. Together, we'll work towards understanding your needs, setting achievable goals, and fostering a mindset that empowers you to live authentically.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by anxiety or the stress of day-to-day life? Are you dealing with trauma or low self-esteem? Are you trying to navigate life transitions? Do you get down on yourself and feel unsure of how to make positive changes in your life? Are you looking for new or unique ways to cope with life stressors? If so, you have come to the right place! I believe in the power of self-discovery and aim to guide you toward a path of self-acceptance and personal growth. Together, we'll work towards understanding your needs, setting achievable goals, and fostering a mindset that empowers you to live authentically.
(914) 454-2730 View (914) 454-2730
Photo of Dominick Campagna, MHC-LP
Dominick Campagna
MHC-LP
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Yonkers, NY 10701  (Online Only)
Under the supervision of Dr. Romano, as a limited permit in my work, I utilize a mix of evidence-based frameworks including cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychoanalytic therapy, and a humanistic approach. I believe in connecting with clients on a human level through conversational sessions, while also maintaining professionalism and appropriate boundaries. With a deep understanding of the unique experiences and societal pressures faced by the LGBTQ+ community, I provide compassionate support and evidence-based interventions to promote growth, resilience, and well-being.
Under the supervision of Dr. Romano, as a limited permit in my work, I utilize a mix of evidence-based frameworks including cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychoanalytic therapy, and a humanistic approach. I believe in connecting with clients on a human level through conversational sessions, while also maintaining professionalism and appropriate boundaries. With a deep understanding of the unique experiences and societal pressures faced by the LGBTQ+ community, I provide compassionate support and evidence-based interventions to promote growth, resilience, and well-being.
(516) 537-2576 View (516) 537-2576
Photo of Iman Demelva, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Iman Demelva
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Yonkers, NY 10710  (Online Only)
Are you struggling with communication, experiencing difficulties in your relationships, or finding it challenging to maintain stability in your life? Therapy can provide the support you need to overcome your obstacles and grow. I believe in working collaboratively with individuals, couples, and families to help you achieve your therapy goals, while creating a compassionate and safe space for you to express and work through your emotions comfortably. I am also passionate about understanding your family history, relationships, and cultural background that contribute to your identity.
Are you struggling with communication, experiencing difficulties in your relationships, or finding it challenging to maintain stability in your life? Therapy can provide the support you need to overcome your obstacles and grow. I believe in working collaboratively with individuals, couples, and families to help you achieve your therapy goals, while creating a compassionate and safe space for you to express and work through your emotions comfortably. I am also passionate about understanding your family history, relationships, and cultural background that contribute to your identity.
(914) 567-4456 View (914) 567-4456
Photo of Donnica Hamlet, Pre-Licensed Professional
Donnica Hamlet
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Yonkers, NY 10701  (Online Only)
If you find yourself able to identify a problem you have and are unable to overcome it on your own, I can be a resource and a support for you while you navigate through your difficult time. Even if you know you have a problem, but are unable to identify the source, we can have sessions together where we simply talk about anything that comes to mind that you may be struggling with. I enjoy creating a safe space for my clients to brainstorm, decompress, or simply just to express themselves freely.
If you find yourself able to identify a problem you have and are unable to overcome it on your own, I can be a resource and a support for you while you navigate through your difficult time. Even if you know you have a problem, but are unable to identify the source, we can have sessions together where we simply talk about anything that comes to mind that you may be struggling with. I enjoy creating a safe space for my clients to brainstorm, decompress, or simply just to express themselves freely.
(914) 354-3540 View (914) 354-3540
Photo of Keisha Cox, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Keisha Cox
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Yonkers, NY 10705  (Online Only)
How are you like your parents in your attitude, beliefs, and behaviors? Are you repeating similar life patterns? Do these patterns support the ideal life that you want to live? I can help you identify your thought and behavior patterns and determine which ones you want to change. We’ll develop an action plan and implement the tools you need to support it. This includes things like identifying fears, using positive self-talk, and learning coping skills such as meditation and mindfulness practices. I work with people who deal with challenges like depression, anxiety, school and work-related stress, and generational trauma.
How are you like your parents in your attitude, beliefs, and behaviors? Are you repeating similar life patterns? Do these patterns support the ideal life that you want to live? I can help you identify your thought and behavior patterns and determine which ones you want to change. We’ll develop an action plan and implement the tools you need to support it. This includes things like identifying fears, using positive self-talk, and learning coping skills such as meditation and mindfulness practices. I work with people who deal with challenges like depression, anxiety, school and work-related stress, and generational trauma.
(914) 219-6528 View (914) 219-6528
Photo of Margaret Mary Rohan, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Margaret Mary Rohan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Yonkers, NY 10705  (Online Only)
Welcome, sometimes when presented with challenges we can work to resolve them with the help of family and friends. Then at other times it may be necessary to reach out to a Therapist. I am both empathetic and supportive and would like to support you while resolving these challenges. I have worked with individuals and couples seeking counseling for over 12 years, both online and in private practice. My areas of expertise include working with clients experiencing depression, anxiety, trauma, PTSD and relationship and self-esteem issues. I specialize in EMDR treatment for trauma and also provide Reiki sessions for healings.
Welcome, sometimes when presented with challenges we can work to resolve them with the help of family and friends. Then at other times it may be necessary to reach out to a Therapist. I am both empathetic and supportive and would like to support you while resolving these challenges. I have worked with individuals and couples seeking counseling for over 12 years, both online and in private practice. My areas of expertise include working with clients experiencing depression, anxiety, trauma, PTSD and relationship and self-esteem issues. I specialize in EMDR treatment for trauma and also provide Reiki sessions for healings.
(914) 344-6594 View (914) 344-6594
Photo of Carmen M Jorge Rodriguez, MSW, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Carmen M Jorge Rodriguez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10705
I am bilingual mental health provider, I offer a collaborative, strengths base approach. My objective is to build a therapeutic alliance where the patient and i work collaborative to reach necessary goals. The goal of therapy is to assist clients in achieving an increased sense of independence. To learn to act rather than react and approach life not as victims but as survivors.
I am bilingual mental health provider, I offer a collaborative, strengths base approach. My objective is to build a therapeutic alliance where the patient and i work collaborative to reach necessary goals. The goal of therapy is to assist clients in achieving an increased sense of independence. To learn to act rather than react and approach life not as victims but as survivors.
(347) 658-5082 View (347) 658-5082
Photo of Selina Arvelo - Arvelo Counseling - Selina Arvelo, LMHC, MS, LMHC, Counselor
Arvelo Counseling - Selina Arvelo, LMHC
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Yonkers, NY 10710
I work with adults who struggle with depression, anxiety, and difficulty figuring out how to move from being stuck to moving along in life. We will collaborately work on ways to figure out where you are stuck and what got you there.
I work with adults who struggle with depression, anxiety, and difficulty figuring out how to move from being stuck to moving along in life. We will collaborately work on ways to figure out where you are stuck and what got you there.
(914) 908-5524 View (914) 908-5524
Photo of Patricia Donovan Travaglione - Comprehensive Counseling LCSW, PLLC, LCSW-R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Comprehensive Counseling LCSW, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10710
About Comprehensive Counseling LCSWs: Whether you're struggling with a particular issue or just can't shake the feeling that there should be more to life, we can help by providing you with the insight and tools you need to move beyond current obstacles. Comprehensive Counseling LCSWs is an affiliate company of LearnWell. We are a community based mental health practice where a diverse group of New York State licensed mental health professionals draw from a variety of therapeutic techniques to assist clients in achieving their treatment goals. Accessibility, service and professionalism are the key elements of our success.
About Comprehensive Counseling LCSWs: Whether you're struggling with a particular issue or just can't shake the feeling that there should be more to life, we can help by providing you with the insight and tools you need to move beyond current obstacles. Comprehensive Counseling LCSWs is an affiliate company of LearnWell. We are a community based mental health practice where a diverse group of New York State licensed mental health professionals draw from a variety of therapeutic techniques to assist clients in achieving their treatment goals. Accessibility, service and professionalism are the key elements of our success.
(914) 758-1954 View (914) 758-1954
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Yonkers, NY

200+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Yonkers, NY who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
91% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
72% Self Esteem
69% Coping Skills
67% Trauma and PTSD
65% Stress

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

90% Aetna
81% Cigna and Evernorth
76% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Yonkers, NY see their clients

52% Online Only
48% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Yonkers?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.