Psychodynamic Therapists in Yonkers, NY

Photo of Marian Margaret Steele-Murray, LCSWR, CASAC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Marian Margaret Steele-Murray
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSWR, CASAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Yonkers, NY 10708
I am experienced in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Psychodynamic Therapy, Trauma Focused Therapy, Interpersonal Therapy, Structural Family Therapy, Brief/ Solution focused Therapy and Addiction Therapy for addiction and recovery impact everyone.
You have just taken the first step. If you feel stuck and need to talk I would love to help you. I am a empathic, supportive Liscensed Clinical Social Worker and NYS Credenialled Alcohol and Substance Abuse Counselor. I offer individual, family, and couples counseling to men, women, children and adolescents. Anxiety, panic, depression, low self-esteem, addiction,and trauma isssues are some of the areas I specialize in. Additionally, if you are a mid-life to older adult, I offer support and counseling with issues such as depression, and improving wellness- mind, body,spirit for people 55 and over.
I am experienced in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Psychodynamic Therapy, Trauma Focused Therapy, Interpersonal Therapy, Structural Family Therapy, Brief/ Solution focused Therapy and Addiction Therapy for addiction and recovery impact everyone.
You have just taken the first step. If you feel stuck and need to talk I would love to help you. I am a empathic, supportive Liscensed Clinical Social Worker and NYS Credenialled Alcohol and Substance Abuse Counselor. I offer individual, family, and couples counseling to men, women, children and adolescents. Anxiety, panic, depression, low self-esteem, addiction,and trauma isssues are some of the areas I specialize in. Additionally, if you are a mid-life to older adult, I offer support and counseling with issues such as depression, and improving wellness- mind, body,spirit for people 55 and over.
(914) 984-5347 View (914) 984-5347
Photo of Brittany Anderson, MSW, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brittany Anderson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Yonkers, NY 10710  (Online Only)
I employ a psychodynamic, person-centered approach, creating an environment that's warm and inviting.
Life often deviates from our expectations, burdening us to the brink of tears. Amidst hectic schedules, we desire nothingness but feel compelled to act. In these overwhelming times, we risk feeling overworked and undervalued, not just by others but by our own critical inner voice. This is where I come in, to guide you to be more curious and open to learning about yourself and what you want versus what everyone else wants. Here is where you can practice advocating for yourself and learning to make boundaries with yourself and those around you.
I employ a psychodynamic, person-centered approach, creating an environment that's warm and inviting.
Life often deviates from our expectations, burdening us to the brink of tears. Amidst hectic schedules, we desire nothingness but feel compelled to act. In these overwhelming times, we risk feeling overworked and undervalued, not just by others but by our own critical inner voice. This is where I come in, to guide you to be more curious and open to learning about yourself and what you want versus what everyone else wants. Here is where you can practice advocating for yourself and learning to make boundaries with yourself and those around you.
(914) 860-0670 View (914) 860-0670
Photo of Terese Weinstein Katz, MFT, PhD, Psychologist
Terese Weinstein Katz
Psychologist, MFT, PhD
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10703  (Online Only)
My education immersed me in psychodynamic, psychosocial and family systems theories.
As a psychologist, I have worked for over 30 years with people dealing with various life challenges—depression, anxiety, relational issues and more. I maintain a strong subspeciality in eating disorders as well—including and especially the more common struggles: emotional overeating, constant dieting, binging, and body dissatisfaction. I believe it’s important for us all to understand ourselves, including how and why our struggles developed. At the same time, I know that understanding often doesn't help enough with the agony of longstanding emotional pain or addictive behaviors.
My education immersed me in psychodynamic, psychosocial and family systems theories.
As a psychologist, I have worked for over 30 years with people dealing with various life challenges—depression, anxiety, relational issues and more. I maintain a strong subspeciality in eating disorders as well—including and especially the more common struggles: emotional overeating, constant dieting, binging, and body dissatisfaction. I believe it’s important for us all to understand ourselves, including how and why our struggles developed. At the same time, I know that understanding often doesn't help enough with the agony of longstanding emotional pain or addictive behaviors.
(914) 817-0313 View (914) 817-0313
Photo of Jessica Gelfand, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jessica Gelfand
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10701
I provide a trauma-informed and psychodynamic approach to talk therapy.
Hello! I'm Jessica, I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) working in New York State. I specialize in working with adults with a range of concerns from serious mental health diagnoses to addiction, to anxiety and relationship concerns. I typically work with adults dealing with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, substance use disorders, and/or PTSD. I'm happy to discuss diagnoses and conditions not listed as well. I work with individuals of all gender identities, as well as everyone across the LGBTIQA+ spectrum.
I provide a trauma-informed and psychodynamic approach to talk therapy.
Hello! I'm Jessica, I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) working in New York State. I specialize in working with adults with a range of concerns from serious mental health diagnoses to addiction, to anxiety and relationship concerns. I typically work with adults dealing with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, substance use disorders, and/or PTSD. I'm happy to discuss diagnoses and conditions not listed as well. I work with individuals of all gender identities, as well as everyone across the LGBTIQA+ spectrum.
(332) 900-4104 View (332) 900-4104
Photo of Michael Schreiber, LCSW-R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michael Schreiber
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Yonkers, NY 10703
I use a cognitive behavioral (CBT) and psychodynamic approach.
I am experienced in helping clients recapture the person they previously were. Many clients say to me, "I just want to go back to being the person I used to be", and that's exactly what we focus on. Clients also often say to me, "I just don't know what to do or what I want", and we work together until we figure out how to alleviate their confusion. We achieve this in various ways, most often through exploration of the presenting issues, examination of past relationships and significant experiences as well as decision-making and behavioral patterns.
I use a cognitive behavioral (CBT) and psychodynamic approach.
I am experienced in helping clients recapture the person they previously were. Many clients say to me, "I just want to go back to being the person I used to be", and that's exactly what we focus on. Clients also often say to me, "I just don't know what to do or what I want", and we work together until we figure out how to alleviate their confusion. We achieve this in various ways, most often through exploration of the presenting issues, examination of past relationships and significant experiences as well as decision-making and behavioral patterns.
(914) 350-4374 View (914) 350-4374
Photo of Nova Simister - Davine Counseling LLC , LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Davine Counseling LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Yonkers, NY 10705  (Online Only)
We use a variety of approaches to help clients including Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Behavior Therapy, Cognitive Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Humanistic Therapy.
Words are very powerful, and the way we think about life and the events of the day are crucial to our well-being. Everything starts from inside the brain. With the right thought process and the proper skills to cope when life gets tough, big changes can happen. This is the foundation of my career and what we teach to my clients. From our work with trauma victims to assisting new moms who are struggling with their recent life transition, we have learned the solution to achieving a happy life starts from within.
We use a variety of approaches to help clients including Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Behavior Therapy, Cognitive Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Humanistic Therapy.
Words are very powerful, and the way we think about life and the events of the day are crucial to our well-being. Everything starts from inside the brain. With the right thought process and the proper skills to cope when life gets tough, big changes can happen. This is the foundation of my career and what we teach to my clients. From our work with trauma victims to assisting new moms who are struggling with their recent life transition, we have learned the solution to achieving a happy life starts from within.
View
Photo of David Rabinowitz, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
David Rabinowitz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10701
Although I use cognitive behavioral skills and psychodynamic insight, I am not wed to any one theory of practice.
Finding a therapist and feeling comfortable with that person is a very important aspect of getting started. I like to think of therapy as a conversation at the same time knowing that you have goals for your life that will be the focus of our work. I take a very humanistic and interpersonal approach to my practice, which seems to put people at ease.
Although I use cognitive behavioral skills and psychodynamic insight, I am not wed to any one theory of practice.
Finding a therapist and feeling comfortable with that person is a very important aspect of getting started. I like to think of therapy as a conversation at the same time knowing that you have goals for your life that will be the focus of our work. I take a very humanistic and interpersonal approach to my practice, which seems to put people at ease.
(914) 487-3291 View (914) 487-3291
Photo of Joyce Bluestone, LCSW, R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Joyce Bluestone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, R
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10701
I have post-graduate training in child and family therapy and psychodynamic treatment.
Looking and finding a therapist can simultaneously be a daunting and hopeful process. Perhaps you're wondering How does therapy work? I believe it's our ability to create an authentic relationship as patient and therapist that matters most. We are two equal participants working to solve the problems you are struggling with. The goals are that you will know yourself better, develop the tools to change and accept those parts of yourself that get in the way of living, working and loving well.
I have post-graduate training in child and family therapy and psychodynamic treatment.
Looking and finding a therapist can simultaneously be a daunting and hopeful process. Perhaps you're wondering How does therapy work? I believe it's our ability to create an authentic relationship as patient and therapist that matters most. We are two equal participants working to solve the problems you are struggling with. The goals are that you will know yourself better, develop the tools to change and accept those parts of yourself that get in the way of living, working and loving well.
(914) 902-8768 View (914) 902-8768
Photo of J Peter Piepgras, PhD, Psychologist
J Peter Piepgras
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10701
I use a blend of psychodynamic and cognitive behavioral techniques to open up new ways of thinking about problems, understand emotional life more fully and create practical steps that lead to positive life changes.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist serving Westchester county with daytime, evening and weekend hours. Clients come to me for help with relationship issues, work problems, emotional difficulties, maladaptive behaviors, addictions, trauma and mental illness. I deliver expert care with a style that is approachable, friendly and collaborative. I work together with my clients to understand what's wrong and how to make things better. For those wanting to talk something over or get an opinion, a consultation of one or a few sessions may be in order. For treatment of significant problems, I am available for on-going psychotherapy.
I use a blend of psychodynamic and cognitive behavioral techniques to open up new ways of thinking about problems, understand emotional life more fully and create practical steps that lead to positive life changes.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist serving Westchester county with daytime, evening and weekend hours. Clients come to me for help with relationship issues, work problems, emotional difficulties, maladaptive behaviors, addictions, trauma and mental illness. I deliver expert care with a style that is approachable, friendly and collaborative. I work together with my clients to understand what's wrong and how to make things better. For those wanting to talk something over or get an opinion, a consultation of one or a few sessions may be in order. For treatment of significant problems, I am available for on-going psychotherapy.
(914) 685-5721 View (914) 685-5721
Photo of Amy J Colley, PhD, Psychologist
Amy J Colley
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Yonkers, NY 10701
I utilize evidence-based practices, drawing upon cognitive-behavioral and manualized techniques mixed with psychodynamic theories to address behavior and underlying issues.
I am a New York state licensed clinical psychologist with extensive experience treating adults with a variety of disorders such as depression, anxiety and substance use disorders. Prior to full-time private practice, I was the director of admissions at the Division of Substance Abuse at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in the Bronx, overseeing admissions at nine clinics serving over 4,000 patients. I recently joined a boutique addiction center in midtown Manhattan called Wholeview.
I utilize evidence-based practices, drawing upon cognitive-behavioral and manualized techniques mixed with psychodynamic theories to address behavior and underlying issues.
I am a New York state licensed clinical psychologist with extensive experience treating adults with a variety of disorders such as depression, anxiety and substance use disorders. Prior to full-time private practice, I was the director of admissions at the Division of Substance Abuse at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in the Bronx, overseeing admissions at nine clinics serving over 4,000 patients. I recently joined a boutique addiction center in midtown Manhattan called Wholeview.
(914) 930-6835 View (914) 930-6835
Photo of Kathy Sommerich, LCSWR, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kathy Sommerich
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSWR
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10701
I have advanced clinical training in psychodynamic psychotherapy, and have provided trainings and clinical supervision for over years.
For over 30 years, I have been collaborating with my clients to address life's challenges with increased ease. I provide a safe environment to work through these challenges and will support your efforts towards growth, change and healing. My interactive style helps modify self defeating patterns which can block your efforts to live more consciously and mindfully. I partner with my clients to enhance self awareness, empower a greater sense of personal choice, navigate personal dilemmas, and achieve greater satisfaction at work and in personal and family relationships and work to heal past and current wounds.
I have advanced clinical training in psychodynamic psychotherapy, and have provided trainings and clinical supervision for over years.
For over 30 years, I have been collaborating with my clients to address life's challenges with increased ease. I provide a safe environment to work through these challenges and will support your efforts towards growth, change and healing. My interactive style helps modify self defeating patterns which can block your efforts to live more consciously and mindfully. I partner with my clients to enhance self awareness, empower a greater sense of personal choice, navigate personal dilemmas, and achieve greater satisfaction at work and in personal and family relationships and work to heal past and current wounds.
(929) 203-7913 View (929) 203-7913
Photo of Claudio M Morel, LCSW-R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Claudio M Morel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10704  (Online Only)
My training and education are grounded in both cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic approaches, offering short- and long-term treatment options tailored to help clients navigate the different phases of life and the challenges they face.
Life can be challenging at times, whether you're facing relationship issues, family crises, or trying to make sense of the world around you. I would be pleased to help you navigate these difficulties. As a bilingual licensed psychotherapist, I have experience working with adults and adolescents who are struggling with emotional distress, anxiety, depression, and other behavioral or mood challenges. My goal is to support you in overcoming these challenges and achieving greater well-being as well as fostering personal growth.
My training and education are grounded in both cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic approaches, offering short- and long-term treatment options tailored to help clients navigate the different phases of life and the challenges they face.
Life can be challenging at times, whether you're facing relationship issues, family crises, or trying to make sense of the world around you. I would be pleased to help you navigate these difficulties. As a bilingual licensed psychotherapist, I have experience working with adults and adolescents who are struggling with emotional distress, anxiety, depression, and other behavioral or mood challenges. My goal is to support you in overcoming these challenges and achieving greater well-being as well as fostering personal growth.
(845) 328-4467 View (845) 328-4467
Photo of Silvia Orellana, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Silvia Orellana
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10704  (Online Only)
I utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Trauma Focused- Behavioral Therapy and Psychodynamic therapy.
Life becoming overwhelming? Dealing with anxiety or depression? Dealing with the loss of a loved one, or transitions in your life? Let me help bring clarity.
I utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Trauma Focused- Behavioral Therapy and Psychodynamic therapy.
Life becoming overwhelming? Dealing with anxiety or depression? Dealing with the loss of a loved one, or transitions in your life? Let me help bring clarity.
(332) 529-8224 View (332) 529-8224
Photo of Nina Tirado, LMHC, Counselor
Nina Tirado
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10701  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
As an eclectic therapist, I utilize the approaches that best suit the needs of my clients. I am a firm believer in life-long learning and borrowing best practices. While I am psychodynamically trained and often practice through a psychodynamic lens, my treatment and interventions lend themselves to a person-centered approach. It is my ethical responsibility to provide you with the care that best suits your needs.
As an eclectic therapist, I utilize the approaches that best suit the needs of my clients. I am a firm believer in life-long learning and borrowing best practices. While I am psychodynamically trained and often practice through a psychodynamic lens, my treatment and interventions lend themselves to a person-centered approach. It is my ethical responsibility to provide you with the care that best suits your needs.
(929) 493-4896 View (929) 493-4896
Photo of Neil Patel, PsyD, Psychologist
Neil Patel
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10704  (Online Only)
I meet my clients where they are through an acceptance, holistic, client-centered, and nonjudgmental perspective. I integrate multiple approaches including psychodynamic, acceptance-based, and values in order to guide my clients towards healing and growth. I tailor evidence-based and effective treatments to the needs of my clients. My style is collaborative, open, and curious. I want to foster comfort for my clients. Together we can create space that feels safe for you. My goal is to find a pathway in understanding ourselves in the service of finding and achieving our true values and happiness.
I meet my clients where they are through an acceptance, holistic, client-centered, and nonjudgmental perspective. I integrate multiple approaches including psychodynamic, acceptance-based, and values in order to guide my clients towards healing and growth. I tailor evidence-based and effective treatments to the needs of my clients. My style is collaborative, open, and curious. I want to foster comfort for my clients. Together we can create space that feels safe for you. My goal is to find a pathway in understanding ourselves in the service of finding and achieving our true values and happiness.
(332) 237-7882 View (332) 237-7882
Photo of Patricia Dickey, LCSW-R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Patricia Dickey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Yonkers, NY 10701  (Online Only)
My clinical framework is Psychodynamic and I incorporate Cognitive Behavioral interventions as needed.
Are you feeling Depressed, Anxious, experiencing Panic, concerned about your Mood, seeking help with relational problems or in resolving symptoms associated with past trauma or family of origin issues? I think I can help. https://headway.co/providers/patricia-dickey
My clinical framework is Psychodynamic and I incorporate Cognitive Behavioral interventions as needed.
Are you feeling Depressed, Anxious, experiencing Panic, concerned about your Mood, seeking help with relational problems or in resolving symptoms associated with past trauma or family of origin issues? I think I can help. https://headway.co/providers/patricia-dickey
(917) 746-0219 View (917) 746-0219
Photo of Steven Clarry, LCSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Steven Clarry
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10701  (Online Only)
Now, more than ever, it is easy to feel atomized, disconnected from ourselves, and to be without enriching personal relationships. Many of my patients feel at an impasse in their lives, stuck repeating the past while struggling to see the future, or alone in their suffering. I primarily work with boys and men in weekly psychodynamic counseling to overcome social struggles, grief, trauma, and depression.
Now, more than ever, it is easy to feel atomized, disconnected from ourselves, and to be without enriching personal relationships. Many of my patients feel at an impasse in their lives, stuck repeating the past while struggling to see the future, or alone in their suffering. I primarily work with boys and men in weekly psychodynamic counseling to overcome social struggles, grief, trauma, and depression.
(914) 350-5890 View (914) 350-5890
Photo of Heidi Besse, PhD, Psychologist
Heidi Besse
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10706  (Online Only)
My integrative approach incorporates psychodynamic and attachment-focused methods, as well as evidence-based practices in order to focus on getting to know you and your needs.
People come to therapy for a variety of reasons: maybe you're feeling overwhelmed, depressed, or anxious. Perhaps you are coping with trauma, trying to make sense of a complicated relationship in your life, or are feeling stuck by a lack of change. No matter the reason, my goal is to create a warm, collaborative, and non-judgmental therapeutic environment. By utilizing humor, compassion, and supportive challenge, I hope to promote healing and foster change. Our sessions will be geared towards helping you make sense of difficult experiences and identifying patterns that don’t serve you. I commend you for taking this first step.
My integrative approach incorporates psychodynamic and attachment-focused methods, as well as evidence-based practices in order to focus on getting to know you and your needs.
People come to therapy for a variety of reasons: maybe you're feeling overwhelmed, depressed, or anxious. Perhaps you are coping with trauma, trying to make sense of a complicated relationship in your life, or are feeling stuck by a lack of change. No matter the reason, my goal is to create a warm, collaborative, and non-judgmental therapeutic environment. By utilizing humor, compassion, and supportive challenge, I hope to promote healing and foster change. Our sessions will be geared towards helping you make sense of difficult experiences and identifying patterns that don’t serve you. I commend you for taking this first step.
(646) 930-9312 View (646) 930-9312
Photo of Max Edward Guttman - Mindful Living, PLLC, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mindful Living, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Yonkers, NY 10704  (Online Only)
Max Guttman is the owner of Recovery Now, a private mental health practice in New York City. Through his work as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, therapist, and disability rights advocate, Max fights for those without a voice in various New York City care systems. He received a ‘2020 Bearcats of the Last Decade 10 Under 10’ award from the Binghamton University Alumni Association. Guttman treats clients with anxiety and depression but specializes in issues related to psychosis or schizoaffective spectrum disorders.
Max Guttman is the owner of Recovery Now, a private mental health practice in New York City. Through his work as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, therapist, and disability rights advocate, Max fights for those without a voice in various New York City care systems. He received a ‘2020 Bearcats of the Last Decade 10 Under 10’ award from the Binghamton University Alumni Association. Guttman treats clients with anxiety and depression but specializes in issues related to psychosis or schizoaffective spectrum disorders.
(914) 915-8222 View (914) 915-8222
Photo of Cherylle Chapman, MHC-LP, MS
Cherylle Chapman
MHC-LP, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Yonkers, NY 10701
I am a compassionate and dedicated therapist with over ten years of experience helping individuals navigate life's challenges. My approach is client-centered, focusing on creating a safe, non-judgmental space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. I also utilize cognitive-behavioral and solution-focused techniques to help my clients overcome negative thinking styles and move towards change. I believe in the power of understanding one's own story to foster growth, healing, and change.
I am a compassionate and dedicated therapist with over ten years of experience helping individuals navigate life's challenges. My approach is client-centered, focusing on creating a safe, non-judgmental space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. I also utilize cognitive-behavioral and solution-focused techniques to help my clients overcome negative thinking styles and move towards change. I believe in the power of understanding one's own story to foster growth, healing, and change.
(914) 274-4837 View (914) 274-4837
1
Psychodynamic Therapists

Is psychodynamic therapy evidence-based?

Studies have found psychodynamic therapy to be effective in treating conditions like social anxiety, eating disorders, chronic pain, some personality disorders, and depression; indeed, some studies have found it to be just as effective as CBT or medication. What’s more, several studies have found that the benefits of psychodynamic therapy tend to endure—even grow—long after treatment has ended.

How long does psychodynamic therapy last?

Unlike CBT and other more structured forms of therapy, psychodynamic therapy tends to be open-ended and may not be limited to a set number of sessions. It is common for clients to be in therapy for a year or longer and to see their therapist one to three times a week, though the exact schedule and timeline may vary depending on a client’s challenges and progress. However, brief psychodynamic therapy is available, which tends to be more goal-oriented and typically unfolds over 16 to 30 sessions.

Does psychodynamic therapy work?

Research finds that psychodynamic therapy can help someone manage or reduce symptoms of diagnosable mental health conditions like depression or anxiety. The modality may also offer a range of benefits that are harder to measure but just as valuable—such as increased self-worth or healthier relationships. While no therapy type will work for everyone, research and anecdotal evidence suggest that psychodynamic therapy can be highly effective.

What are the limitations of psychodynamic therapy?

Some meta-analyses have concluded that there is little evidence to suggest that psychodynamic therapy can effectively treat certain mental health conditions such as PTSD, OCD, or psychosis, though it is sometimes used to do so. More broadly, the open-ended, free-association structure of psychodynamic therapy may be frustrating for clients who prefer a more structured, time-limited, or goal-oriented approach.