Emotionally Focused Therapists in Sunnyside, NY

Photo of Frances Berberena, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Frances Berberena
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sunnyside, NY 11104  (Online Only)
Are you finding difficulty leaving a toxic relationship whether it be with your partner, family members, friends or your boss? Are you feeling powerless to change your situation? Is your constant need for the approval of others affecting your self-esteem? Are you becoming depressed and/or anxious as a result? Have you fallen hostage to discouraging fears and insecurities? Seeking support in order to regain emotional and mental health is the first step in taking back control. I can help you on this journey.
Are you finding difficulty leaving a toxic relationship whether it be with your partner, family members, friends or your boss? Are you feeling powerless to change your situation? Is your constant need for the approval of others affecting your self-esteem? Are you becoming depressed and/or anxious as a result? Have you fallen hostage to discouraging fears and insecurities? Seeking support in order to regain emotional and mental health is the first step in taking back control. I can help you on this journey.
(646) 362-5069 View (646) 362-5069
Photo of Jessica Myers, MA, LMHC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jessica Myers
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
Sunnyside, NY 11104  (Online Only)
I work with any who has been experiencing symptoms of Anxiety and Panic Disorders, Depression, & Co-Dependency and/or has been struggling with life transitions, personal growth and self-esteem. What makes me different from other therapists? My care is genuine. I am someone that will not only care about your symptoms, but will want to know you as a whole person. I am direct in my approach, and will help you make those tough & important connections. And while therapy can be clinical, it should be collaborative & casual and I will provide a safe space to laugh and/or cry without fear of judgement.
I work with any who has been experiencing symptoms of Anxiety and Panic Disorders, Depression, & Co-Dependency and/or has been struggling with life transitions, personal growth and self-esteem. What makes me different from other therapists? My care is genuine. I am someone that will not only care about your symptoms, but will want to know you as a whole person. I am direct in my approach, and will help you make those tough & important connections. And while therapy can be clinical, it should be collaborative & casual and I will provide a safe space to laugh and/or cry without fear of judgement.
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Photo of Margot Garnick, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Margot Garnick
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sunnyside, NY 11104  (Online Only)
Are you feeling lonely or isolated even though you're in a relationship? Do you yearn for the love, intimacy, and closeness that you used to have with your partner? Do you feel like the bond you shared has become more of a burden than a source of care? It's often said that "relationships take work," but you might be unsure of what that means, especially if nothing you've tried has seemed to help. Perhaps you're starting to think that it's too late to repair your relationship. As a marriage and family therapist, my focus is on helping you build a stronger relationship through recognizing negative communication patterns.
Are you feeling lonely or isolated even though you're in a relationship? Do you yearn for the love, intimacy, and closeness that you used to have with your partner? Do you feel like the bond you shared has become more of a burden than a source of care? It's often said that "relationships take work," but you might be unsure of what that means, especially if nothing you've tried has seemed to help. Perhaps you're starting to think that it's too late to repair your relationship. As a marriage and family therapist, my focus is on helping you build a stronger relationship through recognizing negative communication patterns.
(332) 239-1730 View (332) 239-1730
Photo of Abbie Loveland Tuller, PhD, LMHC, LPCC, Counselor
Abbie Loveland Tuller
Counselor, PhD, LMHC, LPCC
Verified Verified
Sunnyside, NY 11104
The greatest discovery I have made in life is to embrace the unexpected, to crave the twists and turns as much as the great joys of life, and to lead with curiosity. Life can often feel scary, and we may face challenges that leave us feeling like there is nowhere to turn. If you find yourself feeling this way, you are not alone. Whether you are dealing with feelings of great sadness, anxiousness that feels uncontrollable, or struggling to move past an event in your life you have turned to the right place. Seeking therapy can lead to a greater understanding of yourself, the world around you, and the person you want to be.
The greatest discovery I have made in life is to embrace the unexpected, to crave the twists and turns as much as the great joys of life, and to lead with curiosity. Life can often feel scary, and we may face challenges that leave us feeling like there is nowhere to turn. If you find yourself feeling this way, you are not alone. Whether you are dealing with feelings of great sadness, anxiousness that feels uncontrollable, or struggling to move past an event in your life you have turned to the right place. Seeking therapy can lead to a greater understanding of yourself, the world around you, and the person you want to be.
(917) 512-5866 View (917) 512-5866
Photo of Elizabeth DeAngelis, LMHC, EdM, MA, Counselor
Elizabeth DeAngelis DeAngelis
Counselor, LMHC, EdM, MA
Verified Verified
Sunnyside, NY 11104  (Online Only)
My name is Elizabeth DeAngelis and I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in NYC. I earned my Ed.M at Columbia University in mental health counseling. I also received an MA in psychology and religion at Union Theological Seminary. At Union I received specialized training about clients' existential/spiritual concerns. My goal is to offer clients a safe space to process emotions without judgment. I want to help clients explore their past and present stressors to overcome blockages in life. I work with client's to explore their past attachment patterns and traumas to help address current relational patterns affecting their lives
My name is Elizabeth DeAngelis and I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in NYC. I earned my Ed.M at Columbia University in mental health counseling. I also received an MA in psychology and religion at Union Theological Seminary. At Union I received specialized training about clients' existential/spiritual concerns. My goal is to offer clients a safe space to process emotions without judgment. I want to help clients explore their past and present stressors to overcome blockages in life. I work with client's to explore their past attachment patterns and traumas to help address current relational patterns affecting their lives
(332) 249-8305 View (332) 249-8305
Photo of Diana Michelena, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Diana Michelena
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Sunnyside, NY 11104  (Online Only)
Are you looking for a safe place to freely express yourself, heal, connect, and find joy again? Maybe you are a teen striving to see yourself more clearly and embrace your most authentic self, or perhaps someone seeking to reduce your pain and suffering, and grow past the trauma. You may be a young adult aiming to establish intimate, genuine and real relationships, or a caring parent wishing to reconnect with yourself and your child. If any of these resonate with you, I am so happy you're here. I am Diana and I provide trauma and self-esteem therapy to teens, young adults and parents.
Are you looking for a safe place to freely express yourself, heal, connect, and find joy again? Maybe you are a teen striving to see yourself more clearly and embrace your most authentic self, or perhaps someone seeking to reduce your pain and suffering, and grow past the trauma. You may be a young adult aiming to establish intimate, genuine and real relationships, or a caring parent wishing to reconnect with yourself and your child. If any of these resonate with you, I am so happy you're here. I am Diana and I provide trauma and self-esteem therapy to teens, young adults and parents.
(332) 895-1771 View (332) 895-1771
Photo of Nudedrose Guirand, LCMHC, Counselor
Nudedrose Guirand
Counselor, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Sunnyside, NY 11104  (Online Only)
Hello, I'm Rose Guirand! I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor who is passionate about supporting all clients in their lives who experience life challenges and have the determination to heal and thrive. I have found that my style and approach are a good fit for all people (18-80) who may be dealing with life challenges. This often takes the form of anxiety, stress, and self-esteem issues. I work to help my clients through these difficult times and build upon coping skills to help them feel better, empowered and reclaim their sense of autonomy in their lives.
Hello, I'm Rose Guirand! I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor who is passionate about supporting all clients in their lives who experience life challenges and have the determination to heal and thrive. I have found that my style and approach are a good fit for all people (18-80) who may be dealing with life challenges. This often takes the form of anxiety, stress, and self-esteem issues. I work to help my clients through these difficult times and build upon coping skills to help them feel better, empowered and reclaim their sense of autonomy in their lives.
(347) 826-3005 View (347) 826-3005
Photo of Jihee Cho - Mind in Motion Psychological Services, PhD, Psychologist
Mind in Motion Psychological Services
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Sunnyside, NY 11104
Do you ask yourself: Why do I keep drowning in the silence of my pain, fearing judgment, when screaming for help could be my lifeline? If so, it might be time to schedule a therapy session. Depression and anxiety present pervasive challenges impacting daily life. Individuals with depression experience persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest in once-enjoyable activities. Anxiety manifests as excessive worry, fear, and heightened stress. It’s up to you to learn to understand yourself, acquire tools and skills needed to overcome fear of judgment, loneliness, or self-doubt.
Do you ask yourself: Why do I keep drowning in the silence of my pain, fearing judgment, when screaming for help could be my lifeline? If so, it might be time to schedule a therapy session. Depression and anxiety present pervasive challenges impacting daily life. Individuals with depression experience persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest in once-enjoyable activities. Anxiety manifests as excessive worry, fear, and heightened stress. It’s up to you to learn to understand yourself, acquire tools and skills needed to overcome fear of judgment, loneliness, or self-doubt.
(646) 969-9035 View (646) 969-9035
Photo of Jean Carlos Osorio Lcsw-Cdbt, LCSW, CDBT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jean Carlos Osorio Lcsw-Cdbt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CDBT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Sunnyside, NY 11104
HABLO ESPANOL. In complaince with NYS safety guidelines, sessions are avaliable TELEHEALTH and/or face to face (safety meassures in place). I am Hispanic-Pronouns (He/His/Him) Male Social Worker with over 12 years of experienced and specialize in trauma/abuse, unresolved childhood issues, LGBTQI-gender concerns and PTSD. My approach is based on a combination of theories from unresolved childhood traumas (psycho-dymanic) to "here and now" approach; Client-center approach and empowered clients to make their own desicions in life. I utilize humor and strength perspective to creat client autonomy.
HABLO ESPANOL. In complaince with NYS safety guidelines, sessions are avaliable TELEHEALTH and/or face to face (safety meassures in place). I am Hispanic-Pronouns (He/His/Him) Male Social Worker with over 12 years of experienced and specialize in trauma/abuse, unresolved childhood issues, LGBTQI-gender concerns and PTSD. My approach is based on a combination of theories from unresolved childhood traumas (psycho-dymanic) to "here and now" approach; Client-center approach and empowered clients to make their own desicions in life. I utilize humor and strength perspective to creat client autonomy.
(347) 934-8209 View (347) 934-8209
Photo of Elena Torres, MS, LMHC, Counselor
Elena Torres
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Sunnyside, NY 11104  (Online Only)
Do you find yourself feeling sad, irritable, and unable to sleep? Are you having difficulty experiencing joy and happiness? Do you feel disconnected from friends and family? Do you feel like they are all interfering with your daily life? Do not be discouraged.
Do you find yourself feeling sad, irritable, and unable to sleep? Are you having difficulty experiencing joy and happiness? Do you feel disconnected from friends and family? Do you feel like they are all interfering with your daily life? Do not be discouraged.
(917) 540-6307 View (917) 540-6307
Photo of Jean Carlos Osorio - Minds Together, LCSW PC, LCSW-R, CDBT, SIFI, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Minds Together, LCSW PC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, CDBT, SIFI
Verified Verified
Sunnyside, NY 11104
Minds Together, LCSW.PC. is a private group practice. Our mission is to improve our community one individual at a time through our culturally diverse and motivated clinicians with the hope that every person seeking treatment with us feels safe, empowered and most important treated as an individual and not as a patient. Minds Together, LCSW. P.C. offers a range of unique services in a safe and nonjudgmental setting for any one seeking therapy where their privacy and comfort is our number one priority. Locations: Astoria, Jackson Heights, and Forest Hills.
Minds Together, LCSW.PC. is a private group practice. Our mission is to improve our community one individual at a time through our culturally diverse and motivated clinicians with the hope that every person seeking treatment with us feels safe, empowered and most important treated as an individual and not as a patient. Minds Together, LCSW. P.C. offers a range of unique services in a safe and nonjudgmental setting for any one seeking therapy where their privacy and comfort is our number one priority. Locations: Astoria, Jackson Heights, and Forest Hills.
(929) 205-5342 View (929) 205-5342
Photo of Angel Caula, LMHC
Angel Caula
Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Sunnyside, NY 11104  (Online Only)
I am an eclectic in many ways and sort of Jungian which gives therapy a spiritual dimension. I am not Freudian but hold his approach with respect. Over the years, I gained much experience with various types of populations: cancer and AIDS patients, substance abuse clients, personality disorders clients, to someone with anxiety and low mood concerns. I worked with young adults and older clients, together finding a good match for each one. I plan on seeing clients on weekend
I am an eclectic in many ways and sort of Jungian which gives therapy a spiritual dimension. I am not Freudian but hold his approach with respect. Over the years, I gained much experience with various types of populations: cancer and AIDS patients, substance abuse clients, personality disorders clients, to someone with anxiety and low mood concerns. I worked with young adults and older clients, together finding a good match for each one. I plan on seeing clients on weekend
(347) 434-0395 View (347) 434-0395
Photo of Jean Carlos Osorio - Minds Together, LCSWs.PC, LCSW, CDBT, SIFI, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Minds Together, LCSWs.PC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CDBT, SIFI
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Sunnyside, NY 11104
SE HABLA ESPAÑOL. DUE TO COVID19, SESSIONS ARE VIA TELEHEALTH. OFFICE VISITS WITH SAFETY PROTOCOLS (NYS GUIDELINES). Minds Together, LCSW.PC. provides a safe and unique setting dedicated in improving one's mental and emotional health through our professional and compassionate staff. Our mission is to improve our community one individual at a time through our culturally diverse and motivated clinicians with the hope that every person seeking treatment with us feels safe, empowered and most important treated as an individual and not as a patient.
SE HABLA ESPAÑOL. DUE TO COVID19, SESSIONS ARE VIA TELEHEALTH. OFFICE VISITS WITH SAFETY PROTOCOLS (NYS GUIDELINES). Minds Together, LCSW.PC. provides a safe and unique setting dedicated in improving one's mental and emotional health through our professional and compassionate staff. Our mission is to improve our community one individual at a time through our culturally diverse and motivated clinicians with the hope that every person seeking treatment with us feels safe, empowered and most important treated as an individual and not as a patient.
(917) 383-0308 View (917) 383-0308
Photo of Naziat Hassan-Ahmed, LMHC, LPC, NCC, Counselor
Naziat Hassan-Ahmed
Counselor, LMHC, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Sunnyside, NY 11104  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Life can throw many curve balls in a spur of a moment. However, you do not have to be alone in dealing with the psychological and emotional impact of these unpredictable and chaotic situations. You can acquire effective cognitive, emotional, and resilient strategies to overcome any stressor. You can place your trust and confidence in someone who is non-judgmental, empathetic, and patient in walking with you in this process.
Life can throw many curve balls in a spur of a moment. However, you do not have to be alone in dealing with the psychological and emotional impact of these unpredictable and chaotic situations. You can acquire effective cognitive, emotional, and resilient strategies to overcome any stressor. You can place your trust and confidence in someone who is non-judgmental, empathetic, and patient in walking with you in this process.
(718) 301-5135 View (718) 301-5135

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Victoria Roomet, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Victoria Roomet
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Elmhurst, NY 11373  (Online Only)
I am certified in Emotionally Focused Therapy and use that modality in my relational work.
When struggles with our most intimate relationships feel all-consuming, it can be helpful to invite an outside perspective to create some room for new possibilities and hope. I am passionate about helping couples, partners, and family members become unstuck and create a deeper and stronger connection with each other.
I am certified in Emotionally Focused Therapy and use that modality in my relational work.
When struggles with our most intimate relationships feel all-consuming, it can be helpful to invite an outside perspective to create some room for new possibilities and hope. I am passionate about helping couples, partners, and family members become unstuck and create a deeper and stronger connection with each other.
(347) 801-0664 View (347) 801-0664
Photo of Zoe C Liang, LCSW-R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Zoe C Liang
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Long Island City, NY 11101  (Online Only)
EFT (Emotionally Focused Therapy) 3.
Welcome to view my profile. I believe that our moments of great struggle can also hold the most powerful potential for growth. The pain we face is an invitation for ourselves to deepen and expand. My lifelong curiosity with resilience and transformation has led me down a path where I support my clients in their journey. My consistent learning and self-reflection have allowed me to be clients' anchor and their holding environment. Together we work to bring changes and heal what has been getting in the way of the life you would like lead.
EFT (Emotionally Focused Therapy) 3.
Welcome to view my profile. I believe that our moments of great struggle can also hold the most powerful potential for growth. The pain we face is an invitation for ourselves to deepen and expand. My lifelong curiosity with resilience and transformation has led me down a path where I support my clients in their journey. My consistent learning and self-reflection have allowed me to be clients' anchor and their holding environment. Together we work to bring changes and heal what has been getting in the way of the life you would like lead.
(718) 395-5482 View (718) 395-5482
Photo of Afshan Rezwi, LMHC,  , Counselor
Afshan Rezwi
Counselor, LMHC,
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jackson Heights, NY 11372  (Online Only)
I approach therapy through an integrated lens, imparting models such as Accelerated experiential dynamic psychotherapy (AEDP), Emotionally Focused therapy (EFT), Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and Relational Therapy.
Hello and welcome. There is tremendous potential in human potential of self-growth and positive reformation. I understand that seeking help for mental health concerns can be difficult, but it is a brave and important step towards improving your well-being and psychotherapy is an amazing tool that caters to that. Through therapy and small insightful 'aha' moments, one gains self-awareness that helps make gradual and meaningful changes, to live holistically. My work entails a journey of self discover and self love, aiming towards building a healthier inner core. In the process there is so much to learn from one another.
I approach therapy through an integrated lens, imparting models such as Accelerated experiential dynamic psychotherapy (AEDP), Emotionally Focused therapy (EFT), Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and Relational Therapy.
Hello and welcome. There is tremendous potential in human potential of self-growth and positive reformation. I understand that seeking help for mental health concerns can be difficult, but it is a brave and important step towards improving your well-being and psychotherapy is an amazing tool that caters to that. Through therapy and small insightful 'aha' moments, one gains self-awareness that helps make gradual and meaningful changes, to live holistically. My work entails a journey of self discover and self love, aiming towards building a healthier inner core. In the process there is so much to learn from one another.
(917) 920-2570 View (917) 920-2570
Photo of Rachel Valencia, LMHC, Counselor
Rachel Valencia
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Astoria, NY 11105  (Online Only)
I am trained in EMDR, an evidenced based treatment for trauma, and in Emotionally Focused Therapy, an attachment based therapy which I use primarily when I work with couples.
Accepting new clients via telehealth! Struggling with your mental health can be difficult, but you don't have to do it alone. Whether it be depression, anxiety, anger, trauma, or other mental health issues, I am here to help you understand where your issues have stemmed from, work on healing them, and learn new ways to cope and interact with your world. In working with me, you can expect to have a safe, non-judgmental space to explore your innerworld. I work with clients of all ages, and in individual, couple, or family modality.
I am trained in EMDR, an evidenced based treatment for trauma, and in Emotionally Focused Therapy, an attachment based therapy which I use primarily when I work with couples.
Accepting new clients via telehealth! Struggling with your mental health can be difficult, but you don't have to do it alone. Whether it be depression, anxiety, anger, trauma, or other mental health issues, I am here to help you understand where your issues have stemmed from, work on healing them, and learn new ways to cope and interact with your world. In working with me, you can expect to have a safe, non-judgmental space to explore your innerworld. I work with clients of all ages, and in individual, couple, or family modality.
(718) 400-6205 View (718) 400-6205
Photo of Peter A Hill, LCSW-R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Peter A Hill
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NY 11385  (Online Only)
As an Ackerman graduate with extensive additional training, including an externship in Emotionally Focused Therapy, I have dozens of years' experience helping people like you.
Are your kids driving you crazy? Putting a strain on your marriage? Are you the parent of a young adult who can't seem to leave the nest? Do you worry that your kids don't have the wherewithal to make it on their own? Are you a young adult struggling to find your way? Times of transition can be frustrating and painful for families. It's important to know that it can happen to anyone and it is not your fault. There is a pathway out!
As an Ackerman graduate with extensive additional training, including an externship in Emotionally Focused Therapy, I have dozens of years' experience helping people like you.
Are your kids driving you crazy? Putting a strain on your marriage? Are you the parent of a young adult who can't seem to leave the nest? Do you worry that your kids don't have the wherewithal to make it on their own? Are you a young adult struggling to find your way? Times of transition can be frustrating and painful for families. It's important to know that it can happen to anyone and it is not your fault. There is a pathway out!
(917) 746-1256 View (917) 746-1256
Photo of Charlene Chan, LCSWR, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Charlene Chan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSWR
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
New York, NY 10065  (Online Only)
I've completed post-graduate psychoanalytic training and have a certificate in Emotionally Focused Therapy.
Are you struggling in your relationship with family, a partner, or friends? Are you noticing low self-esteem or self-confidence? Or are you, as a couple, finding yourselves in the same pattern of arguments, looking for relief? When faced with these challenges, some of the healing power comes from being able to voice it in a safe space with the support and compassion of a therapist. I'll work with you to explore what you're going through in a warm, non-judgmental way. Some of our work together will involve exploring your past experiences - perhaps with a harsh or critical parent, or the absence of emotional support you needed.
I've completed post-graduate psychoanalytic training and have a certificate in Emotionally Focused Therapy.
Are you struggling in your relationship with family, a partner, or friends? Are you noticing low self-esteem or self-confidence? Or are you, as a couple, finding yourselves in the same pattern of arguments, looking for relief? When faced with these challenges, some of the healing power comes from being able to voice it in a safe space with the support and compassion of a therapist. I'll work with you to explore what you're going through in a warm, non-judgmental way. Some of our work together will involve exploring your past experiences - perhaps with a harsh or critical parent, or the absence of emotional support you needed.
(347) 836-5784 View (347) 836-5784
Emotionally Focused Therapists

Who is emotionally focused therapy for?

Emotionally focused therapy (EFT) is for couples who are emotionally distressed, stuck in an unsatisfying relationship pattern or feeling deeply alienated. They may even believe the relationship is beyond repair. Very often, the partners display intense anger, fear, grief, loss of trust, or a sense of betrayal in the relationship. In addition, EFT is helpful to couples and individuals who have difficulty expressing emotions and those who have trouble regulating emotions.

Why do people need emotionally focused therapy?

People need emotionally focused therapy because the need for others is built into the brain, but the pressures of daily life can erode feelings of love, and couples often do not have the skills to find their way back to the comfort of each other. Instead, they may be stuck in repetitive patterns of anger, fear, grief, loss of trust, or a sense of betrayal. Emotionally focused therapy regards such strong negative feelings as expressions of protest over the loss of connection and turns them into pathways of reconnection.

What happens in emotionally focused therapy?

Over the course of eight to 20 weekly sessions, couples de-escalate their negative emotional reactivity to one another so that they can listen to each other and be responsive to each other’s needs. Then the deep emotional and physical bond is restored, giving partners a sense of comfort and security, which they can use to solve whatever problems come their way. The therapist plays an active role, helping partners understand how anger and withdrawal are actually misguided cries for connection.

What problems does emotionally focused therapy treat?

EFT is designed to help couples stuck in dysfunctional relationship patterns regain closeness and rebuild their relationship. Typically, such couples experience considerable distress, with partners feeling alienated and distrustful of one another, not certain their relationship can survive. EFT is also helpful to individuals experiencing attachment-related fears of loss; it helps them learn to use their fears as a way of eliciting the closeness they desire.