Therapists in Hannibal, NY

Photo of Jennifer Hawkins, LMHC, CCTP, Counselor
Jennifer Hawkins
Counselor, LMHC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Hannibal, NY 13074
Serving Hannibal, NY; starting May 2024! I provide counseling for individuals to promote mental wellness, personal empowerment, and inner strength. Sometimes life can be difficult and it can leave you feeling lonely, overwhelmed, anxious, or depressed. I want you to know that you are not alone. My goal is to offer supportive, strength-based counseling to help you be the best version of you. I believe that everyone has the ability to persevere through the challenging times, find the determination to change, and build inner strength to achieve a fulfilling and satisfying life.
Serving Hannibal, NY; starting May 2024! I provide counseling for individuals to promote mental wellness, personal empowerment, and inner strength. Sometimes life can be difficult and it can leave you feeling lonely, overwhelmed, anxious, or depressed. I want you to know that you are not alone. My goal is to offer supportive, strength-based counseling to help you be the best version of you. I believe that everyone has the ability to persevere through the challenging times, find the determination to change, and build inner strength to achieve a fulfilling and satisfying life.
(315) 776-2580 View (315) 776-2580
Photo of Wendy Pethybridge, LMHC, Counselor
Wendy Pethybridge
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Hannibal, NY 13074  (Online Only)
Hi I'm Wendy. I have a private practice covering NY, WA, and AZ with Madison Galliano, Chelsea Vona, Kristin Meiner, Ridhima Malhotra, Madga Folk, Donny Mak, Krista Arnold, Jessica Drake, and Zolie Potter. As a sexologist, I help clients through sexual trauma, feelings of anxiety, fear, or shame related to sexuality and intimacy, addressing gender identity and sexual orientation, relationship design, church wounds, improve communication, heal issues stemming from sexual difficulties including poor body image, coping and living with STI's, exploring ENM, and kink/BDSM dynamics.
Hi I'm Wendy. I have a private practice covering NY, WA, and AZ with Madison Galliano, Chelsea Vona, Kristin Meiner, Ridhima Malhotra, Madga Folk, Donny Mak, Krista Arnold, Jessica Drake, and Zolie Potter. As a sexologist, I help clients through sexual trauma, feelings of anxiety, fear, or shame related to sexuality and intimacy, addressing gender identity and sexual orientation, relationship design, church wounds, improve communication, heal issues stemming from sexual difficulties including poor body image, coping and living with STI's, exploring ENM, and kink/BDSM dynamics.
(833) 364-2876 View (833) 364-2876
Photo of Marissa Raskin, LMHC, Counselor
Marissa Raskin
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Hannibal, NY 13074
Hi there! My name is Marissa Raskin, a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in New York with over 12-plus years of experience working as a counselor/therapist. I received my undergrad in Criminal Justice and Psychology from the University at Albany and hold a dual Master Degree from John Jay College of Criminal Justice in Forensic Psychology and Forensic Mental Health Counseling. My therapy style is warm, empathetic, supportive and inclusive. I believe in treating anyone and everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion, and I don't believe in stigmatizing labels.
Hi there! My name is Marissa Raskin, a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in New York with over 12-plus years of experience working as a counselor/therapist. I received my undergrad in Criminal Justice and Psychology from the University at Albany and hold a dual Master Degree from John Jay College of Criminal Justice in Forensic Psychology and Forensic Mental Health Counseling. My therapy style is warm, empathetic, supportive and inclusive. I believe in treating anyone and everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion, and I don't believe in stigmatizing labels.
(332) 262-6944 View (332) 262-6944

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Jennifer Beaton, LMHC, Counselor
Jennifer Beaton
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Oswego, NY 13126
I helped people navigate a variety of topics, including anxiety, codependency, substance abuse, relational issues, ADHD, gender/identity exploration, and religious trauma, among others. My ideal client is ready to explore, ask questions, and get to the root of things. They want to improve their relationship with themselves and others. They are an active participant in the therapeutic process and are willing to work with me to explore solutions.
I helped people navigate a variety of topics, including anxiety, codependency, substance abuse, relational issues, ADHD, gender/identity exploration, and religious trauma, among others. My ideal client is ready to explore, ask questions, and get to the root of things. They want to improve their relationship with themselves and others. They are an active participant in the therapeutic process and are willing to work with me to explore solutions.
(315) 818-3130 View (315) 818-3130
Photo of Catherine Metz, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Catherine Metz
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oswego, NY 13126  (Online Only)
Currently accepting telehealth clients! - - At different points in our lives, we can become overwhelmed and unbalanced. We are all human, having good days and bad. While each person is unique, we are not alone in this experience of life. My desire as a therapist is to have a holistic understanding of who you are and help you improve your life in the ways you desire. I work with individuals, couples and families of various ages, backgrounds and walks of life to treat a wide variety of issues.
Currently accepting telehealth clients! - - At different points in our lives, we can become overwhelmed and unbalanced. We are all human, having good days and bad. While each person is unique, we are not alone in this experience of life. My desire as a therapist is to have a holistic understanding of who you are and help you improve your life in the ways you desire. I work with individuals, couples and families of various ages, backgrounds and walks of life to treat a wide variety of issues.
(315) 757-1796 View (315) 757-1796
Photo of Ashley Siciliano, LMHC, Counselor
Ashley Siciliano
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fulton, NY 13069  (Online Only)
Feeling anxious all the time is such a crippling feeling and can feel like there is no escaping it. Just when one anxious thought starts to go away, another one shows up and takes its place. It can feel like an endless cycle of racing thoughts, worry, and fear about anything and everything. It’s hard to know when the anxiety will be over especially living in an anxiety-inducing world that is constantly changing which in turn leads to more anxiety. If this sounds like you, you're not alone!
Feeling anxious all the time is such a crippling feeling and can feel like there is no escaping it. Just when one anxious thought starts to go away, another one shows up and takes its place. It can feel like an endless cycle of racing thoughts, worry, and fear about anything and everything. It’s hard to know when the anxiety will be over especially living in an anxiety-inducing world that is constantly changing which in turn leads to more anxiety. If this sounds like you, you're not alone!
(315) 678-4547 View (315) 678-4547
Photo of Cody Bowser, LMHC, CCTP II, Counselor
Cody Bowser
Counselor, LMHC, CCTP II
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oswego, NY 13126
Accepting new clients Sept 2024, and now licensed in VT! Cody offers a safe and comfortable environment for those seeking supportive therapeutic services. Partnering with those struggling in relationship and/or communication, life transitions, addiction, trauma, anxiety, mood disorders, family, & areas of need specific to the LGBTQIA population. Cody provides family counseling for a variety of needs including addiction, grief, & co-occurring disorders. Partnering with you where you are at, engaging with those ages 12+. Utilizing interventions to increase motivation to change, including offering multiple approaches to addiction.
Accepting new clients Sept 2024, and now licensed in VT! Cody offers a safe and comfortable environment for those seeking supportive therapeutic services. Partnering with those struggling in relationship and/or communication, life transitions, addiction, trauma, anxiety, mood disorders, family, & areas of need specific to the LGBTQIA population. Cody provides family counseling for a variety of needs including addiction, grief, & co-occurring disorders. Partnering with you where you are at, engaging with those ages 12+. Utilizing interventions to increase motivation to change, including offering multiple approaches to addiction.
(315) 302-1225 View (315) 302-1225
Photo of Rebecca Austin, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rebecca Austin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Oswego, NY 13126
I am a Licensed Social Worker with a passion for decreasing the stigma surrounding mental health and promoting the health and well being of my clients. For my undergraduate degree, I moved from Central Jersey (Yes! It exists!) to South Jersey to attend Stockton University. I received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Social Work with a Minor in Behavioral Neuroscience from Stockton, and then moved on to attend graduate school in Philadelphia. I received my Master of Social Work Degree with a clinical concentration from the University of Pennsylvania’s School of Social Policy and Practice in May of 2020.
I am a Licensed Social Worker with a passion for decreasing the stigma surrounding mental health and promoting the health and well being of my clients. For my undergraduate degree, I moved from Central Jersey (Yes! It exists!) to South Jersey to attend Stockton University. I received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Social Work with a Minor in Behavioral Neuroscience from Stockton, and then moved on to attend graduate school in Philadelphia. I received my Master of Social Work Degree with a clinical concentration from the University of Pennsylvania’s School of Social Policy and Practice in May of 2020.
(315) 631-1272 View (315) 631-1272
Photo of Eileen Donna Loban -The Family Center, MS, LMHC, Counselor
Eileen Donna Loban -The Family Center
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oswego, NY 13126
My belief in the process of therapy is working to truly understand who you are, and allowing your genuine self to thrive. As your therapist, together, we could work through the fears and doubts, the anxieties and feeling trapped in your own mind, the feelings of hopelessness, the anger from knowing you are holding yourself back, or any struggles that you may be living with.
My belief in the process of therapy is working to truly understand who you are, and allowing your genuine self to thrive. As your therapist, together, we could work through the fears and doubts, the anxieties and feeling trapped in your own mind, the feelings of hopelessness, the anger from knowing you are holding yourself back, or any struggles that you may be living with.
(315) 895-1864 View (315) 895-1864
Photo of Bailey Smith, MS, LMHC, CCPT, Counselor
Bailey Smith
Counselor, MS, LMHC, CCPT
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Oswego, NY 13126  (Online Only)
Welcome! I am currently accepting new clients. I specialize in healthy and safe communication for those who are in need of processing traumas or implementing boundaries in their life. I hope to assist clients in managing anxiety, depression, addiction, and PTSD.
Welcome! I am currently accepting new clients. I specialize in healthy and safe communication for those who are in need of processing traumas or implementing boundaries in their life. I hope to assist clients in managing anxiety, depression, addiction, and PTSD.
(315) 210-4145 View (315) 210-4145
Photo of Adina Tabor, LCSW , LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Adina Tabor
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW , LICSW
Verified Verified
Oswego, NY 13126
I help clients manage stress, anxiety, depression, tough life transitions, and social/family/work/school-related issues. My ideal client seeks to discover inner conflict, make changes toward self-improvement, is willing to put in the effort to identify past issues or continuous unhealthy patterns, and is open and committed to trying different approaches and methods toward achieving their goals. We will discuss your main goals, develop a personalized plan, & take steps to learn from your past, stop unhelpful patterns, heal from your hardships, & utilize different techniques and tools to improve your overall quality of life.
I help clients manage stress, anxiety, depression, tough life transitions, and social/family/work/school-related issues. My ideal client seeks to discover inner conflict, make changes toward self-improvement, is willing to put in the effort to identify past issues or continuous unhealthy patterns, and is open and committed to trying different approaches and methods toward achieving their goals. We will discuss your main goals, develop a personalized plan, & take steps to learn from your past, stop unhelpful patterns, heal from your hardships, & utilize different techniques and tools to improve your overall quality of life.
(315) 810-5149 View (315) 810-5149
Photo of Robin Krupp, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Robin Krupp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fulton, NY 13069  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker specializing in Anxiety, Addiction, Depression, Drug Addiction & Abuse, and Post-traumatic stress disorder. I am also a Certified NYS School Social Worker and received training conducted by the Dept. of Veterans Affairs on therapy for handling disruptive behaviors, problem-solving, and depression. I currently offer telehealth therapy to Adolescents, Adults, Couples, and Seniors living in New York. I have experience in treating co-occurring disorders, Anxiety Bipolar Disorder, PTSD, LGBTQ+, Addictions, Depression, and ADHD.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker specializing in Anxiety, Addiction, Depression, Drug Addiction & Abuse, and Post-traumatic stress disorder. I am also a Certified NYS School Social Worker and received training conducted by the Dept. of Veterans Affairs on therapy for handling disruptive behaviors, problem-solving, and depression. I currently offer telehealth therapy to Adolescents, Adults, Couples, and Seniors living in New York. I have experience in treating co-occurring disorders, Anxiety Bipolar Disorder, PTSD, LGBTQ+, Addictions, Depression, and ADHD.
(646) 718-3050 View (646) 718-3050
Photo of Stephanie Grover, LMHC, NCC, Counselor
Stephanie Grover
Counselor, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
Fulton, NY 13069
Trauma, anxiety, and depression significantly impact our lives and growth as individuals. It can feel like we're stuck, going nowhere, or drowning. I work with people who have experienced trauma and who may be struggling with the vast and confusing symptoms associated with anxiety and depression. I work with clients of all ages and backgrounds, but have extensive experience with children and adolescents, many of whom struggle with school or social anxiety, difficulty with peers, low self-esteem, self-harm, and suicidal ideation.
Trauma, anxiety, and depression significantly impact our lives and growth as individuals. It can feel like we're stuck, going nowhere, or drowning. I work with people who have experienced trauma and who may be struggling with the vast and confusing symptoms associated with anxiety and depression. I work with clients of all ages and backgrounds, but have extensive experience with children and adolescents, many of whom struggle with school or social anxiety, difficulty with peers, low self-esteem, self-harm, and suicidal ideation.
(315) 509-3990 View (315) 509-3990
Photo of Diana Cofsky, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Diana Cofsky
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Oswego, NY 13126
I am a licensed professional counselor that has been working in behavioral health for over 20 years. I am a lifelong resident of South Jersey and obtained my Bachelors and Masters degrees from La Salle University in Philadelphia.
I am a licensed professional counselor that has been working in behavioral health for over 20 years. I am a lifelong resident of South Jersey and obtained my Bachelors and Masters degrees from La Salle University in Philadelphia.
(315) 860-9329 View (315) 860-9329
Photo of Amy J Sargent Westermann, LMHC, CCTP I, CCTP II, Counselor
Amy J Sargent Westermann
Counselor, LMHC, CCTP I, CCTP II
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Fulton, NY 13069
Waitlist for new clients
Many things can affect the ways we think, feel and interact with the world. Having the courage to call a counselor and say, “I need help”, is a huge step toward inviting change. My part in that journey is helping you develop positive trust based connections in an environment of support and acceptance. I use a strengths based, humanistic approach to meet you where you are in your life. Simply, I bring my authentic self and meet you where you're at.
Many things can affect the ways we think, feel and interact with the world. Having the courage to call a counselor and say, “I need help”, is a huge step toward inviting change. My part in that journey is helping you develop positive trust based connections in an environment of support and acceptance. I use a strengths based, humanistic approach to meet you where you are in your life. Simply, I bring my authentic self and meet you where you're at.
(315) 766-2565 View (315) 766-2565
Photo of Dawn R Metott - Dawn Metott, Mental Health Counselor, PLLC, LMHC, ACS, Counselor
Dawn Metott, Mental Health Counselor, PLLC
Counselor, LMHC, ACS
Verified Verified
Oswego, NY 13126
Immediate teletherapy openings for teens and young adults with certain insurances! We strive to provide a warm and welcoming environment where everyone, especially our adolescents and young adults, are treated with respect and sensitivity. Preteens, adolescents, and college-age/young adults who are struggling with anxiety, depression, relationships, life transitions, and self-esteem issues need caring adults who will support them in finding their way. Assisting youth and young adults to overcome and manage life struggles, anxiety, and depression, and attain personal goals are some of our specialties.
Immediate teletherapy openings for teens and young adults with certain insurances! We strive to provide a warm and welcoming environment where everyone, especially our adolescents and young adults, are treated with respect and sensitivity. Preteens, adolescents, and college-age/young adults who are struggling with anxiety, depression, relationships, life transitions, and self-esteem issues need caring adults who will support them in finding their way. Assisting youth and young adults to overcome and manage life struggles, anxiety, and depression, and attain personal goals are some of our specialties.
(315) 602-2021 View (315) 602-2021
Photo of Jillian Kolarz, MS, LCAT, ATR-BC
Jillian Kolarz
Creative Arts Therapist, MS, LCAT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fulton, NY 13069  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My areas of clinical focus include adults as individuals or couples with depression and trauma. I often work with those who exhibit low self-esteem, feel overwhelmed or lost, lack purpose, self-harm, feel burdensome, or have relationship struggles. Some examples of therapeutic goals may include feeling more in-control, having increased emotional and/or social awareness, ceasing patterns of negativity, learning healthy coping skills, relationship skills or achieving life betterment.
My areas of clinical focus include adults as individuals or couples with depression and trauma. I often work with those who exhibit low self-esteem, feel overwhelmed or lost, lack purpose, self-harm, feel burdensome, or have relationship struggles. Some examples of therapeutic goals may include feeling more in-control, having increased emotional and/or social awareness, ceasing patterns of negativity, learning healthy coping skills, relationship skills or achieving life betterment.
(315) 631-0264 View (315) 631-0264
Photo of Erika Delco, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erika Delco
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fulton, NY 13069  (Online Only)
When life feels confusing and overwhelming, it's like trying to juggle too many things at once. Sometimes, we cope in ways that aren't great for us, like eating too much or avoiding friends. But what if you had someone who understood, listened without judging, and helped you figure things out? If you're ready to try new ways to feel better and find peace of mind, you're in the right place. Let's take that first step together on a journey towards healing. I'll be here to support you all the way.
When life feels confusing and overwhelming, it's like trying to juggle too many things at once. Sometimes, we cope in ways that aren't great for us, like eating too much or avoiding friends. But what if you had someone who understood, listened without judging, and helped you figure things out? If you're ready to try new ways to feel better and find peace of mind, you're in the right place. Let's take that first step together on a journey towards healing. I'll be here to support you all the way.
(516) 583-0289 View (516) 583-0289
Photo of Malissa Allen, LMHC, Counselor
Malissa Allen
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Oswego, NY 13126
Malissa's ideal client is one who is curious, open, and committed to trying interventions and techniques both in and out of sessions. The client is encouraged to look inward at times, explore past and present events that have shaped ideologies, beliefs, and protective barriers, and be willing to collaborate with her. The client's issues might range from anxiety and depression to challenges with dichotomous thoughts, identity confusion, academic/career exploration and transitions, spirituality conflicts, interpersonal challenges, women's issues, and premarital/marital coaching (including separation and divorce).
Malissa's ideal client is one who is curious, open, and committed to trying interventions and techniques both in and out of sessions. The client is encouraged to look inward at times, explore past and present events that have shaped ideologies, beliefs, and protective barriers, and be willing to collaborate with her. The client's issues might range from anxiety and depression to challenges with dichotomous thoughts, identity confusion, academic/career exploration and transitions, spirituality conflicts, interpersonal challenges, women's issues, and premarital/marital coaching (including separation and divorce).
(315) 803-1762 View (315) 803-1762
Photo of Craig J Gilkey - Craig Gilkey Mental Health Counseling Services , MS, LMHC, NCC, Counselor
Craig Gilkey Mental Health Counseling Services
Counselor, MS, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
Fulton, NY 13069
Change how you think, change how you feel. My ideal client wants to identify unhelpful thinking patterns that contribute to their emotional suffering. Once motivated, they are willing to make a commitment to themselves and do the hard work it takes to create lasting change in their thinking, behaviors, and feelings. They are wanting tools & are willing to practice those tools in and out of session until they find the ones that will work for them. I offer a self-help program aimed at helping alleviate depression and anxiety, creating new habits or reducing unhealthy habits, and creating the relationships clients want to achieve.
Change how you think, change how you feel. My ideal client wants to identify unhelpful thinking patterns that contribute to their emotional suffering. Once motivated, they are willing to make a commitment to themselves and do the hard work it takes to create lasting change in their thinking, behaviors, and feelings. They are wanting tools & are willing to practice those tools in and out of session until they find the ones that will work for them. I offer a self-help program aimed at helping alleviate depression and anxiety, creating new habits or reducing unhealthy habits, and creating the relationships clients want to achieve.
(315) 784-4205 View (315) 784-4205

See more therapy options for Hannibal

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Hannibal, NY

< 10

Therapists in Hannibal, NY who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Anxiety
100% ADHD
100% Coping Skills
100% Self Esteem
100% Life Transitions
67% Life Coaching

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aetna
100% Cigna and Evernorth
100% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Hannibal, NY see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Hannibal?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.