Therapists in Newark, NJ

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Photo of Raquel Scullari, MA, LPC, NCC, Counselor
Raquel Scullari
Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newark, NJ 07105
I found my calling within the community serving as an in-home counselor and also attending at Beth Israel Medical Center as a Mental Health Clinician, since 2011. The psychotherapy work focus around Individual and family needs, using Family System, CBT and Strength-Based approach. I'm also experienced with children trauma, behavior issues, anger management, domestic violence, PTSD, Depression and Anxiety. Another passion of mine centers around Immigration. I offer psychosocial evaluations for immigration cases. I am a native Portuguese/Spanish speaker and have experience working with clients with a history of trauma and abuse.
I found my calling within the community serving as an in-home counselor and also attending at Beth Israel Medical Center as a Mental Health Clinician, since 2011. The psychotherapy work focus around Individual and family needs, using Family System, CBT and Strength-Based approach. I'm also experienced with children trauma, behavior issues, anger management, domestic violence, PTSD, Depression and Anxiety. Another passion of mine centers around Immigration. I offer psychosocial evaluations for immigration cases. I am a native Portuguese/Spanish speaker and have experience working with clients with a history of trauma and abuse.
(201) 431-0776 View (201) 431-0776
Photo of Ny'elle McMillon - Ny'elle McMillon - NOCD, Pre-Licensed Professional
Ny'elle McMillon - NOCD
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07103  (Online Only)
I've witnessed OCD being misdiagnosed multiple times, which only exacerbates individuals' symptoms due to a lack of proper understanding and attention. Growing up in a culture that didn't prioritize mental health, I felt a deep need to change that narrative. This commitment drove me to dedicate my life to studying and becoming knowledgeable about preventative and maintenance-based approaches to mental illness. At NOCD, my team and I specialize in providing evidence-based treatment for OCD. Our deep understanding of OCD enables us to accurately diagnose and effectively treat it.
I've witnessed OCD being misdiagnosed multiple times, which only exacerbates individuals' symptoms due to a lack of proper understanding and attention. Growing up in a culture that didn't prioritize mental health, I felt a deep need to change that narrative. This commitment drove me to dedicate my life to studying and becoming knowledgeable about preventative and maintenance-based approaches to mental illness. At NOCD, my team and I specialize in providing evidence-based treatment for OCD. Our deep understanding of OCD enables us to accurately diagnose and effectively treat it.
(973) 447-9631 View (973) 447-9631
Photo of Melissa Arena - Melissa Arena - NOCD, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Melissa Arena - NOCD
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07103  (Online Only)
My approach to treating OCD is to put the member first. I like to create a collaborative treatment environment so each member feels involved in their therapy journey. I have always been a compassionate person. When I was thinking about careers, I wanted to do something that would utilize that compassion and help people overcome challenges they may have thought were impossible to overcome. At NOCD, my team and I specialize in providing evidence-based treatment for people with OCD. Our deep understanding of the nuances and intricacies of OCD enables us to properly diagnose and treat it.
My approach to treating OCD is to put the member first. I like to create a collaborative treatment environment so each member feels involved in their therapy journey. I have always been a compassionate person. When I was thinking about careers, I wanted to do something that would utilize that compassion and help people overcome challenges they may have thought were impossible to overcome. At NOCD, my team and I specialize in providing evidence-based treatment for people with OCD. Our deep understanding of the nuances and intricacies of OCD enables us to properly diagnose and treat it.
(973) 370-9198 View (973) 370-9198
Photo of Deisther Munoz, Pre-Licensed Professional
Deisther Munoz
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07105  (Online Only)
Deisther Munoz is a Licensed Associate Counselor in the State of New Jersey. She has over 14 years of experience providing therapeutic care to many ages of various cultural backgrounds and a range of clinical diagnoses. These include major depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and co-occurring disorders. Deisther completed her Bachelor of Science in Psychology/Psychiatric Rehabilitation from Kean University and University of Medicine and Dentistry. She also received her Master of Arts in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Fairleigh Dickinson. Throughout her career, Deisther has worked in various psychiatric settings.
Deisther Munoz is a Licensed Associate Counselor in the State of New Jersey. She has over 14 years of experience providing therapeutic care to many ages of various cultural backgrounds and a range of clinical diagnoses. These include major depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and co-occurring disorders. Deisther completed her Bachelor of Science in Psychology/Psychiatric Rehabilitation from Kean University and University of Medicine and Dentistry. She also received her Master of Arts in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Fairleigh Dickinson. Throughout her career, Deisther has worked in various psychiatric settings.
(908) 873-3550 View (908) 873-3550
Photo of Leila E Gibbs, LAC, NCC, MA, Counselor
Leila E Gibbs
Counselor, LAC, NCC, MA
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07107
Not accepting new clients
My ideal client is someone who is receptive to change, and motivated about re-inventing themselves. They need to feel understood, and accepted. It is too often that we may feel misunderstood by others. I aim to give you my strong listening ear, and to help you discover what behaviors or patterns that may or may not be useful to your transformation.
My ideal client is someone who is receptive to change, and motivated about re-inventing themselves. They need to feel understood, and accepted. It is too often that we may feel misunderstood by others. I aim to give you my strong listening ear, and to help you discover what behaviors or patterns that may or may not be useful to your transformation.
(862) 356-5607 View (862) 356-5607
Photo of Antonio Morales, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Antonio Morales
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07102  (Online Only)
Being a human being, immersed in this situation we call life, sometimes prompts challenges that cause us psychological distress and that can show up as anxiety, depression and other mental health concerns, preventing us from becoming the best possible version of ourselves and adversely impacting the quality of our lives. The average person sees this as something being "wrong" with them, without considering the root cause of their challenges. With some focused, honest introspection, a person can come to discover that they're often responding to something that's hidden from their awareness. It's never what seems the most obvious!
Being a human being, immersed in this situation we call life, sometimes prompts challenges that cause us psychological distress and that can show up as anxiety, depression and other mental health concerns, preventing us from becoming the best possible version of ourselves and adversely impacting the quality of our lives. The average person sees this as something being "wrong" with them, without considering the root cause of their challenges. With some focused, honest introspection, a person can come to discover that they're often responding to something that's hidden from their awareness. It's never what seems the most obvious!
(908) 224-5229 View (908) 224-5229
Photo of Clicia Sathler Santos - Clicia Sathler Santos, LPCC, MA, Licensed Professional Counselor
Clicia Sathler Santos
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCC, MA
Not Verified Not Verified
Newark, NJ 07105  (Online Only)
I am a Brazilian. I speak Portuguese and English. Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC). I have been working in the mental health field for over 30 years. I use secure video teleconferencing Therapy so that my services are available to you in your homes at your convenience. Kairos Counseling Center has several therapists with specialties in individuals, couples, teenagers and children. We are privileged to have the partnership of Rebeca H. Lima. Online Therapy works very well and distance is not a problem so I can provide help to Portuguese speaking people anywhere they are.
I am a Brazilian. I speak Portuguese and English. Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC). I have been working in the mental health field for over 30 years. I use secure video teleconferencing Therapy so that my services are available to you in your homes at your convenience. Kairos Counseling Center has several therapists with specialties in individuals, couples, teenagers and children. We are privileged to have the partnership of Rebeca H. Lima. Online Therapy works very well and distance is not a problem so I can provide help to Portuguese speaking people anywhere they are.
(862) 307-9210 View (862) 307-9210
Photo of Schaune D Gamble, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Schaune D Gamble
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07102
I believe that personal change takes courage and is a transformative process. In my practice I utilize an eclectic approach which is individualized to each person. I utilize long term and short term platforms depending on a persons needs and preferences.
I believe that personal change takes courage and is a transformative process. In my practice I utilize an eclectic approach which is individualized to each person. I utilize long term and short term platforms depending on a persons needs and preferences.
(973) 554-3025 View (973) 554-3025
Photo of Julio C Olivo II, PhD, Psychologist
Julio C Olivo II
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07105
Born and raised in Newark, New Jersey, I have witnessed a lot that has helped me as a psychologist. I am experienced with working with children who have trauma and/or behavioral issues and adults who have mental health issues ranging from minimal stress to schizophrenia. I have worked with families that are dealing with infertility, infidelity, and separation. I am also a certified school psychologist. Hence, I understand academic difficulties and its impact on both the child and parent.
Born and raised in Newark, New Jersey, I have witnessed a lot that has helped me as a psychologist. I am experienced with working with children who have trauma and/or behavioral issues and adults who have mental health issues ranging from minimal stress to schizophrenia. I have worked with families that are dealing with infertility, infidelity, and separation. I am also a certified school psychologist. Hence, I understand academic difficulties and its impact on both the child and parent.
(973) 832-0611 View (973) 832-0611
Photo of Avarina London - Avarina London - NOCD, Pre-Licensed Professional
Avarina London - NOCD
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07103  (Online Only)
From a young age, I have been sensitive to the needs of others, and empathy and compassion are central to my practice. I became a therapist to give back and be of service to others, treating everyone with warmth and respect. While working in the mental health field, I became passionate about learning more about OCD to better educate and support my clients. At NOCD, my team and I specialize in evidence-based treatment for OCD. Our deep understanding of OCD enables us to diagnose and treat it effectively. We have received intensive training in Exposure Response and Prevention Therapy (ERP)—the gold standard for OCD treatment.
From a young age, I have been sensitive to the needs of others, and empathy and compassion are central to my practice. I became a therapist to give back and be of service to others, treating everyone with warmth and respect. While working in the mental health field, I became passionate about learning more about OCD to better educate and support my clients. At NOCD, my team and I specialize in evidence-based treatment for OCD. Our deep understanding of OCD enables us to diagnose and treat it effectively. We have received intensive training in Exposure Response and Prevention Therapy (ERP)—the gold standard for OCD treatment.
(973) 798-9544 View (973) 798-9544
Photo of Schaune Gamble, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Schaune Gamble
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07102
Are you striving towards being your highest self, but need some support? You've come to the right place. As a therapist, I believe in the transformative power of personal change and admire the courage it takes to seek it. To facilitate, I use an eclectic approach, tailoring my methods to fit each individual's unique needs and preferences. With options for both long-term and short-term therapy, I'm committed to helping you at your own pace.
Are you striving towards being your highest self, but need some support? You've come to the right place. As a therapist, I believe in the transformative power of personal change and admire the courage it takes to seek it. To facilitate, I use an eclectic approach, tailoring my methods to fit each individual's unique needs and preferences. With options for both long-term and short-term therapy, I'm committed to helping you at your own pace.
(848) 361-4823 View (848) 361-4823
Photo of Karla Charles - Karla Charles - NOCD, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Karla Charles - NOCD
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07103  (Online Only)
From a young age, I've been discovering solutions to issues for individuals in my surroundings. What proved to be difficult and demanding for many, I discovered was natural for me and gratifying as I matured. Serving others in this capacity is not solely my profession—it's my calling. At NOCD, my team and I provide personalized and effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of the nuances of these conditions enables us to diagnose and treat them properly.
From a young age, I've been discovering solutions to issues for individuals in my surroundings. What proved to be difficult and demanding for many, I discovered was natural for me and gratifying as I matured. Serving others in this capacity is not solely my profession—it's my calling. At NOCD, my team and I provide personalized and effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of the nuances of these conditions enables us to diagnose and treat them properly.
(973) 798-9427 View (973) 798-9427
Photo of Della Smith, Pre-Licensed Professional
Della Smith
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07103  (Online Only)
Most of us want to be seen and heard. I look forward to supporting you by listening and helping you in areas of restoration, balance, focus, direction and compassion. In order to take good care of what’s important in your life, it must start with taking good care of you. I will support you in setting boundaries and achieving healthy goals along with self-care. Toxic relationships may be a challenge for you, or perhaps you are struggling with self-destructive patterns and need help.
Most of us want to be seen and heard. I look forward to supporting you by listening and helping you in areas of restoration, balance, focus, direction and compassion. In order to take good care of what’s important in your life, it must start with taking good care of you. I will support you in setting boundaries and achieving healthy goals along with self-care. Toxic relationships may be a challenge for you, or perhaps you are struggling with self-destructive patterns and need help.
(315) 384-8222 View (315) 384-8222
Photo of Dr. Viva White, PhD, LCSW, LCADC, SAP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dr. Viva White
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW, LCADC, SAP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newark, NJ 07101  (Online Only)
I am licensed in NJ with 21 years of professional work experience in the areas of mental health, education, and substance abuse. My experience encompasses helping clients with a variety of concerns such as stress, anxiety, addiction, trauma, abuse, grief, depression, and loss. We will process your concerns while facilitating your wellness journey to be your best self.
I am licensed in NJ with 21 years of professional work experience in the areas of mental health, education, and substance abuse. My experience encompasses helping clients with a variety of concerns such as stress, anxiety, addiction, trauma, abuse, grief, depression, and loss. We will process your concerns while facilitating your wellness journey to be your best self.
(862) 378-2819 View (862) 378-2819
Photo of Michelle Sophia Israel, LCSW-R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michelle Sophia Israel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07103  (Online Only)
I am a Psychotherapist with over fifteen years of licensed experience helping people live optimal and productive lives. My therapeutic approach centers around creating a supportive, engaging, and non-judgmental environment where we can work together to help you achieve your goals.
I am a Psychotherapist with over fifteen years of licensed experience helping people live optimal and productive lives. My therapeutic approach centers around creating a supportive, engaging, and non-judgmental environment where we can work together to help you achieve your goals.
(646) 956-5357 View (646) 956-5357
Photo of Berta Rodrigues, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Berta Rodrigues
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07102  (Online Only)
Hi! I am a licensed Psychotherapist in the states of New Jersey and New York and have been providing psychotherapy services for 25+ years. I am also a certified Clinical Telemental Health Provider and certified Integrative Mental Health Professional. I specialize in treating Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, Stress, ADHD, Grief, Women’s Issues, Relationship Difficulties, and General Life Transition Challenges. Seeing a client make positive changes and improvements in their mental and emotional well-being is truly gratifying. Each client's journey is unique, and I am devoted to providing personalized care that respects individual needs.
Hi! I am a licensed Psychotherapist in the states of New Jersey and New York and have been providing psychotherapy services for 25+ years. I am also a certified Clinical Telemental Health Provider and certified Integrative Mental Health Professional. I specialize in treating Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, Stress, ADHD, Grief, Women’s Issues, Relationship Difficulties, and General Life Transition Challenges. Seeing a client make positive changes and improvements in their mental and emotional well-being is truly gratifying. Each client's journey is unique, and I am devoted to providing personalized care that respects individual needs.
(973) 798-9044 View (973) 798-9044
Photo of Malachi Walton - SunRize Consulting, LLC, LPC, LCADC, Licensed Professional Counselor
SunRize Consulting, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newark, NJ 07101  (Online Only)
My counseling philosophy is to meet a person wherever they are, with whatever the issues are that they are dealing with, & assist the person(s) to the ultimate goal of self-empowerment. My goal as a clinician is to assist you, your family, and your loved ones to enhance his or her quality of life to a point where professional services are no longer necessary to sustain & maintain his or her full potential.
My counseling philosophy is to meet a person wherever they are, with whatever the issues are that they are dealing with, & assist the person(s) to the ultimate goal of self-empowerment. My goal as a clinician is to assist you, your family, and your loved ones to enhance his or her quality of life to a point where professional services are no longer necessary to sustain & maintain his or her full potential.
(732) 631-3410 View (732) 631-3410
Photo of Shari S. Kerr, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Shari S. Kerr
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07112  (Online Only)
I specialize in helping individuals cope with everyday stressors related to trauma, anxiety, depression, and familial relationships. My personal mantra is "living life on purpose, with purpose". I approach life with a grateful mindset and encourage individuals to reclaim authority over their peace and happiness
I specialize in helping individuals cope with everyday stressors related to trauma, anxiety, depression, and familial relationships. My personal mantra is "living life on purpose, with purpose". I approach life with a grateful mindset and encourage individuals to reclaim authority over their peace and happiness
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Photo of Janine Elliott, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Janine Elliott
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07104
Janine Elliott takes a collaborative approach to building relationships with clients that empower them to thrive in their relationships, school/workplace, and community. She uses evidence-based treatments including CBT, DBT, ERP and HRT to help reframe unhelpful behaviors and thoughts, increase emotional regulation, and improve resiliency. Janine received her MSW from Rutgers with a focus in family systems and attachment theory. She has also trained extensively with pioneers in the field at the Beck Institute, UPenn Department of Psychiatry, Center for Treatment and Study of Anxiety, and Minuchin Center for the Family.
Janine Elliott takes a collaborative approach to building relationships with clients that empower them to thrive in their relationships, school/workplace, and community. She uses evidence-based treatments including CBT, DBT, ERP and HRT to help reframe unhelpful behaviors and thoughts, increase emotional regulation, and improve resiliency. Janine received her MSW from Rutgers with a focus in family systems and attachment theory. She has also trained extensively with pioneers in the field at the Beck Institute, UPenn Department of Psychiatry, Center for Treatment and Study of Anxiety, and Minuchin Center for the Family.
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Photo of Rosa Pacheco Uscanga - Rosa Pacheco Uscanga - NOCD, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rosa Pacheco Uscanga - NOCD
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Newark, NJ 07103  (Online Only)
Living with OCD can be incredibly challenging, often leading to years of silent suffering due to misdiagnosis and misunderstanding. Having listened to many OCD intrusive thoughts over the years, I can assure you that nothing you share will surprise me. My personal experience with therapy has shown me the importance of a compassionate approach. I strive to create a safe and non-judgmental environment where you feel heard and understood. At NOCD, my team and I specialize in providing evidence-based treatment specifically for OCD. Our deep understanding of the complexities of OCD enables us to accurately diagnose and treat it.
Living with OCD can be incredibly challenging, often leading to years of silent suffering due to misdiagnosis and misunderstanding. Having listened to many OCD intrusive thoughts over the years, I can assure you that nothing you share will surprise me. My personal experience with therapy has shown me the importance of a compassionate approach. I strive to create a safe and non-judgmental environment where you feel heard and understood. At NOCD, my team and I specialize in providing evidence-based treatment specifically for OCD. Our deep understanding of the complexities of OCD enables us to accurately diagnose and treat it.
(973) 791-6374 View (973) 791-6374
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Newark, NJ

400+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Newark, NJ who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
86% Depression
73% Self Esteem
72% Coping Skills
67% Trauma and PTSD
65% Relationship Issues
64% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

90% Aetna
87% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
85% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Newark, NJ see their clients

66% Online Only
34% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Newark?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.