Depression Therapists in Haddonfield, NJ

Photo of Tracey M Hess, MA, EdS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tracey M Hess
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, EdS, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Haddonfield, NJ 08033
The trust, rapport and collaboration built in therapy creates a setting where awesome things can happen including: a reduction in depression, anxiety, and stress.
(Note: I am able to respond to email inquiries faster than calls) If you are reading this, then you are likely in the exhausting and frustrating process of trying to find a competent, available therapist who takes your insurance and has an office near you. Hang in there! I know this process is the worst on a good day and maybe I can help. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with lots of experience with adults, adolescents, and families. Here's the way I work:
The trust, rapport and collaboration built in therapy creates a setting where awesome things can happen including: a reduction in depression, anxiety, and stress.
(Note: I am able to respond to email inquiries faster than calls) If you are reading this, then you are likely in the exhausting and frustrating process of trying to find a competent, available therapist who takes your insurance and has an office near you. Hang in there! I know this process is the worst on a good day and maybe I can help. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with lots of experience with adults, adolescents, and families. Here's the way I work:
(856) 861-6377 View (856) 861-6377
Photo of Hollie Levy, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Hollie Levy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033  (Online Only)
I have helped many people with depression, anxiety, eating disorders, fertility concerns, stress management, relationship problems and navigating life transitions.
Beginning therapy is not an easy decision, and it takes courage to start the process of addressing a life problem or difficulty you may be experiencing. As your therapist, I am committed to working with you in order to help you make positive changes in your life. My hope is that you will leave each session with something more than you had at the beginning of the session- whether this is a new tool, skill, solution to a problem or different perspective. Our work will be actively addressing the challenges you are facing in a caring and comfortable environment.
I have helped many people with depression, anxiety, eating disorders, fertility concerns, stress management, relationship problems and navigating life transitions.
Beginning therapy is not an easy decision, and it takes courage to start the process of addressing a life problem or difficulty you may be experiencing. As your therapist, I am committed to working with you in order to help you make positive changes in your life. My hope is that you will leave each session with something more than you had at the beginning of the session- whether this is a new tool, skill, solution to a problem or different perspective. Our work will be actively addressing the challenges you are facing in a caring and comfortable environment.
(215) 806-2878 View (215) 806-2878
Photo of Courtney Scheflen Cohen, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Courtney Scheflen Cohen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I work exclusively with women on an individual basis, to address issues ranging from depression/anxiety to body acceptance. I am a certified Intuitive Eating counselor, as well as a Duke-trained Integrative Health Coach. I work with women to help with life transitions, assisting them with discovering themselves again, whether it is through learning to trust themselves around food, taking the time they don’t think that they have, or helping them to tune into what is behind their self-sabotaging behaviors. Traumatic life events or mental health issues can sometimes hold us back, and I help clients to move forward on their terms.
I work exclusively with women on an individual basis, to address issues ranging from depression/anxiety to body acceptance. I am a certified Intuitive Eating counselor, as well as a Duke-trained Integrative Health Coach. I work with women to help with life transitions, assisting them with discovering themselves again, whether it is through learning to trust themselves around food, taking the time they don’t think that they have, or helping them to tune into what is behind their self-sabotaging behaviors. Traumatic life events or mental health issues can sometimes hold us back, and I help clients to move forward on their terms.
(609) 293-4323 View (609) 293-4323
Photo of Karen Eubank, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Karen Eubank
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033  (Online Only)
This approach works well for the challenges of depression, anxiety, panic attacks, self esteem and social anxiety and grief.
You can't stop the waves, but you can learn to surf" according to mindfulness expert, author, and MD, Jon Kabat-Zinn. Are you feeling overwhelmed by the "waves", that life changes present? Are you experiencing symptoms of anxiety or depression? You want to be free from debilitating sadness, lack of energy, constant worry, sleeplessness and more. You have a life to live, for yourself and your loved ones. You want to be able to accept change. You want to get your life back. I can help you find your way. I provide the map. You're in the driver's seat and choose the route that's right for you. We work together.
This approach works well for the challenges of depression, anxiety, panic attacks, self esteem and social anxiety and grief.
You can't stop the waves, but you can learn to surf" according to mindfulness expert, author, and MD, Jon Kabat-Zinn. Are you feeling overwhelmed by the "waves", that life changes present? Are you experiencing symptoms of anxiety or depression? You want to be free from debilitating sadness, lack of energy, constant worry, sleeplessness and more. You have a life to live, for yourself and your loved ones. You want to be able to accept change. You want to get your life back. I can help you find your way. I provide the map. You're in the driver's seat and choose the route that's right for you. We work together.
(856) 219-4666 View (856) 219-4666
Photo of Lorin D Parashes, MS, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lorin D Parashes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MS, LCSW
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033
Individuals frequently present with problems relating to the management of every day stress, depression and/or anxiety.
I have been practicing for 30+ years, and I am committed to working with you collaboratively, to create a therapeutic environment that is safe and one which recognizes that it takes courage to begin to address one's pain. My training is eclectic, which allows me to find the best way to help you to feel yourself, again, whether that may include cognitive behavioral therapy, insight-oriented, psychodynamic therapy, relaxation/mindfulness training or some other therapeutic path to personal change.
Individuals frequently present with problems relating to the management of every day stress, depression and/or anxiety.
I have been practicing for 30+ years, and I am committed to working with you collaboratively, to create a therapeutic environment that is safe and one which recognizes that it takes courage to begin to address one's pain. My training is eclectic, which allows me to find the best way to help you to feel yourself, again, whether that may include cognitive behavioral therapy, insight-oriented, psychodynamic therapy, relaxation/mindfulness training or some other therapeutic path to personal change.
(856) 291-0986 View (856) 291-0986
Photo of Suzanne V Ernst, Psy D, Psychologist
Suzanne V Ernst
Psychologist, Psy D
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033
I offer individual psychotherapy to adolescents and adults who are looking for support in managing their issues and concerns. Areas of expertise include relationships, anxiety, depression, OCD, perfectionism, emotional dysregulation, ADHD, learning disabilities, trauma, anger management, family stress, eating disorders and self-harm.
I offer individual psychotherapy to adolescents and adults who are looking for support in managing their issues and concerns. Areas of expertise include relationships, anxiety, depression, OCD, perfectionism, emotional dysregulation, ADHD, learning disabilities, trauma, anger management, family stress, eating disorders and self-harm.
(856) 651-1318 View (856) 651-1318
Photo of Sarah Stringer, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sarah Stringer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033  (Online Only)
Specifically, I focus on PTSD, trauma, depression, and anxiety.
Life can feel so overwhelming times! Sometimes it's difficult to cope with everything happening all at once. Sometimes it's difficult to cope with things that happened in the past. Sometimes we're feeling burnt out, and we don't know why we are feeling this way. My goal is to help you work through heavy things, manage your stress/emotions/feelings, and learn tools to cope. Today's stress and past heaviness can affect our lives in different ways. We can help you work towards finding a better balance of Emotional Wellness through proven therapies such as CBT, EMDR, ACT, etc.
Specifically, I focus on PTSD, trauma, depression, and anxiety.
Life can feel so overwhelming times! Sometimes it's difficult to cope with everything happening all at once. Sometimes it's difficult to cope with things that happened in the past. Sometimes we're feeling burnt out, and we don't know why we are feeling this way. My goal is to help you work through heavy things, manage your stress/emotions/feelings, and learn tools to cope. Today's stress and past heaviness can affect our lives in different ways. We can help you work towards finding a better balance of Emotional Wellness through proven therapies such as CBT, EMDR, ACT, etc.
(856) 270-7124 View (856) 270-7124
Photo of Leah E Behl, PhD, LLC, Psychologist
Leah E Behl
Psychologist, PhD, LLC
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033
My goal in treatment is to help individuals find more effective ways to live healthier, happier, and more successful lives. What this looks like for each client depends on individualized treatment goals. Among my specialties is the treatment of anxiety and depression. I successfully help parents shift their children's behaviors from problematic to more cooperative and positive. I also specialize in trauma recovery, treating victims of childhood abuse, major accidents, rape, domestic violence, community violence, other crimes etc. In addition, I also work with issues related to adoption, the death of a loved one, divorce, etc.
My goal in treatment is to help individuals find more effective ways to live healthier, happier, and more successful lives. What this looks like for each client depends on individualized treatment goals. Among my specialties is the treatment of anxiety and depression. I successfully help parents shift their children's behaviors from problematic to more cooperative and positive. I also specialize in trauma recovery, treating victims of childhood abuse, major accidents, rape, domestic violence, community violence, other crimes etc. In addition, I also work with issues related to adoption, the death of a loved one, divorce, etc.
(856) 282-4754 View (856) 282-4754
Photo of Ellen Wilson-Tarpeh, FNP-BC, DNP
Ellen Wilson-Tarpeh
FNP-BC, DNP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Haddonfield, NJ 08033
Specialties include ADHD, insomnia, depression, family counseling, mood disorder, psychiatry, trauma and PTSD, managing obesity, chronic care, and acute care.
I am a nurse practitioner that has a passion for improving the health and wellness of individuals in her community by offering affordable, high-quality healthcare. My focus is to improve physical/mental health and wellness by utilizing evidence-based research in the treatment of health conditions. I have over 20 years of experience caring for and treating patients in various health settings. I am nationally certified by the American Nursing Credentialing Center (ANCC) in family health.
Specialties include ADHD, insomnia, depression, family counseling, mood disorder, psychiatry, trauma and PTSD, managing obesity, chronic care, and acute care.
I am a nurse practitioner that has a passion for improving the health and wellness of individuals in her community by offering affordable, high-quality healthcare. My focus is to improve physical/mental health and wellness by utilizing evidence-based research in the treatment of health conditions. I have over 20 years of experience caring for and treating patients in various health settings. I am nationally certified by the American Nursing Credentialing Center (ANCC) in family health.
(609) 474-3615 View (609) 474-3615
Photo of Madison Kurz - Madison Kurz (adolescent/teen specialist), LSW
Madison Kurz (adolescent/teen specialist)
Licensed Social Worker, LSW
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033
I am a LSW with years of experience treating teen/adolescents and their families. My areas of specialty and focus are depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, mood disorders, and trauma. The driving force behind my practice is to create a nurturing environment where kids can grow into healthy adults with learned coping skills and a better understanding of their own identity.
I am a LSW with years of experience treating teen/adolescents and their families. My areas of specialty and focus are depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, mood disorders, and trauma. The driving force behind my practice is to create a nurturing environment where kids can grow into healthy adults with learned coping skills and a better understanding of their own identity.
(856) 263-3835 View (856) 263-3835
Photo of Julee Wickliffe, DSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Julee Wickliffe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033
Wickliffe specializes in addressing a range of challenges with a passion for assisting clients through life transitions, managing anxiety & depression, and addressing women's issues such as self-esteem.
Julee Wickliffe, DSW, LCSW, brings 25 years of experience in the social work field as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and psychotherapist. Her professional journey includes roles at Rutgers University Correctional Healthcare, where she served in the NJ State Prison System and NJ State Parole System. Alongside, she has maintained a private practice, contributed to a child/adolescent psychiatric unit in a hospital, and worked in a juvenile correctional facility. Dr. Wickliffe's therapeutic approach is grounded in strengths, aiming to empower her clients.
Wickliffe specializes in addressing a range of challenges with a passion for assisting clients through life transitions, managing anxiety & depression, and addressing women's issues such as self-esteem.
Julee Wickliffe, DSW, LCSW, brings 25 years of experience in the social work field as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and psychotherapist. Her professional journey includes roles at Rutgers University Correctional Healthcare, where she served in the NJ State Prison System and NJ State Parole System. Alongside, she has maintained a private practice, contributed to a child/adolescent psychiatric unit in a hospital, and worked in a juvenile correctional facility. Dr. Wickliffe's therapeutic approach is grounded in strengths, aiming to empower her clients.
(856) 351-5955 View (856) 351-5955
Photo of Dr. Maia Noeder, PhD, Psychologist
Dr. Maia Noeder
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033  (Online Only)
Accepting new clients. Navigating mental health challenges can be overwhelming. Does your teenager need strategies to handle anxiety, depression, ADHD, or tics/Tourette Syndrome? Does your toddler need help with sleep, behavior, tantrums, toileting, or eating? Does your child need help adjusting to big changes: a new school, problems with friends, divorce, or a new and confusing medical diagnosis like diabetes, epilepsy, or migraines? Or perhaps you just need a place to talk, process, and grow? I have helped families navigate these challenges and more, creating space for positivity, warmth, gratitude, flexibility, and bravery.
Accepting new clients. Navigating mental health challenges can be overwhelming. Does your teenager need strategies to handle anxiety, depression, ADHD, or tics/Tourette Syndrome? Does your toddler need help with sleep, behavior, tantrums, toileting, or eating? Does your child need help adjusting to big changes: a new school, problems with friends, divorce, or a new and confusing medical diagnosis like diabetes, epilepsy, or migraines? Or perhaps you just need a place to talk, process, and grow? I have helped families navigate these challenges and more, creating space for positivity, warmth, gratitude, flexibility, and bravery.
(302) 520-3933 View (302) 520-3933
Photo of Katherine Tommaso, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Katherine Tommaso
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033
Whether you're facing challenging relationship dynamics, grappling with grief and loss, navigating life's hurdles, or experiencing cycles of anxiety and depression, remember, you're not alone.
Hello! I'm Katie Tommaso, LCSW, LCADC, CCS, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with a wealth of experience in clinical settings, serving diverse populations. My mission is to assist individuals in overcoming life's obstacles and navigating its unpredictable twists and turns with empathy and understanding. I firmly believe that everyone possesses the potential to thrive mentally, physically, and spiritually. By emphasizing a Wellness Model and embracing a holistic approach, I empower individuals to pursue their goals with renewed motivation.
Whether you're facing challenging relationship dynamics, grappling with grief and loss, navigating life's hurdles, or experiencing cycles of anxiety and depression, remember, you're not alone.
Hello! I'm Katie Tommaso, LCSW, LCADC, CCS, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with a wealth of experience in clinical settings, serving diverse populations. My mission is to assist individuals in overcoming life's obstacles and navigating its unpredictable twists and turns with empathy and understanding. I firmly believe that everyone possesses the potential to thrive mentally, physically, and spiritually. By emphasizing a Wellness Model and embracing a holistic approach, I empower individuals to pursue their goals with renewed motivation.
(856) 367-6845 View (856) 367-6845
Melissa Barua (adolescent/teen specialist)
Licensed Social Worker, LSW
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033
I am a Licensed Social Worker with years of experience treating teen/adolescents and their families. My areas of specialty and focus are depression, anxiety, low self esteem, mood disorders, and trauma. The driving force behind my practice is to create a nurturing environment where kids can grow into healthy adults with learned coping skills and a better understanding of their own identity.
I am a Licensed Social Worker with years of experience treating teen/adolescents and their families. My areas of specialty and focus are depression, anxiety, low self esteem, mood disorders, and trauma. The driving force behind my practice is to create a nurturing environment where kids can grow into healthy adults with learned coping skills and a better understanding of their own identity.
(856) 391-2488 View (856) 391-2488
Photo of Tysir Nixon - Tysir Nixon (adolescent/teen specialist), LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tysir Nixon (adolescent/teen specialist)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033
My ideal client would be a 13-21-year-old male with depression and anger issues; their goal is to discover their strengths and build positive relationships with family and peers. They want an outlet to talk about their feelings and complicated feelings and feel the need for an outside source to share, too.
My ideal client would be a 13-21-year-old male with depression and anger issues; their goal is to discover their strengths and build positive relationships with family and peers. They want an outlet to talk about their feelings and complicated feelings and feel the need for an outside source to share, too.
(856) 386-1887 View (856) 386-1887
Photo of Kayden Sarria, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kayden Sarria
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033
No matter what you're facing—anxiety, depression, issues surrounding gender identity, sexuality, PTSD, or anything else—I'm here to support you.
Hello there! I'm Kayden Sarria, a Licensed Social Worker in New Jersey. With several years of experience across diverse settings, including inpatient hospitals, in-home services, and community-based support for survivors of sexual assault, I believe everyone deserves a therapeutic space where they feel safe, heard, and valued on their healing journey. I'm here to assist individuals facing challenging life experiences, emotions, or feelings, helping them discover healthy and meaningful ways to manage their stress levels.
No matter what you're facing—anxiety, depression, issues surrounding gender identity, sexuality, PTSD, or anything else—I'm here to support you.
Hello there! I'm Kayden Sarria, a Licensed Social Worker in New Jersey. With several years of experience across diverse settings, including inpatient hospitals, in-home services, and community-based support for survivors of sexual assault, I believe everyone deserves a therapeutic space where they feel safe, heard, and valued on their healing journey. I'm here to assist individuals facing challenging life experiences, emotions, or feelings, helping them discover healthy and meaningful ways to manage their stress levels.
(856) 386-4774 View (856) 386-4774
Photo of Rea Allarey, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rea Allarey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033
Hello, I'm Rea Allarey, a licensed clinical social worker with over a decade of experience in both inpatient and outpatient medical environments. Life often presents us with stress and overwhelm, and I'm here to guide you through those challenges. Whether you're grappling with depression, anxiety, life changes, grief, health concerns, or interpersonal difficulties, I'm here to support you. Everyone deserves a listening ear and encouragement. Together, we can cultivate effective coping strategies to navigate life's uncertainties. I'm eager to collaborate with you!
Hello, I'm Rea Allarey, a licensed clinical social worker with over a decade of experience in both inpatient and outpatient medical environments. Life often presents us with stress and overwhelm, and I'm here to guide you through those challenges. Whether you're grappling with depression, anxiety, life changes, grief, health concerns, or interpersonal difficulties, I'm here to support you. Everyone deserves a listening ear and encouragement. Together, we can cultivate effective coping strategies to navigate life's uncertainties. I'm eager to collaborate with you!
(856) 415-3906 View (856) 415-3906
Richard Vereneck (adolescent/teen specialist)
Licensed Social Worker, LSW
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033
I am a LSW with years of experience treating teen/adolescents and their families. My areas of specialty and focus are depression, anxiety, low self esteem, mood disorders, and trauma. The driving force behind my practice is to create a nurturing environment where kids can grow into healthy adults with learned coping skills and a better understanding of their own identity.
I am a LSW with years of experience treating teen/adolescents and their families. My areas of specialty and focus are depression, anxiety, low self esteem, mood disorders, and trauma. The driving force behind my practice is to create a nurturing environment where kids can grow into healthy adults with learned coping skills and a better understanding of their own identity.
(856) 263-3731 View (856) 263-3731
Photo of Joe Grosso - Joe Grosso (adolescent/teen specialist), LPC, MA, ATR-P, Counselor
Joe Grosso (adolescent/teen specialist)
Counselor, LPC, MA, ATR-P
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033
I am an LPC with years of experience treating teens/adolescents and their families. My areas of specialty and focus are depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, mood disorders, and trauma. The driving force behind my practice is to create a nurturing environment where kids can grow into healthy adults with learned coping skills and a better understanding of their own identity.
I am an LPC with years of experience treating teens/adolescents and their families. My areas of specialty and focus are depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, mood disorders, and trauma. The driving force behind my practice is to create a nurturing environment where kids can grow into healthy adults with learned coping skills and a better understanding of their own identity.
(856) 292-8149 View (856) 292-8149
Photo of Sarah Kotz - Sarah Kotz (adolescent/teen specialist), LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sarah Kotz (adolescent/teen specialist)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Haddonfield, NJ 08033
I am a LSW with years of experience treating teen/adolescents and their families. My areas of specialty and focus are depression, anxiety, low self esteem, mood disorders, and trauma. The driving force behind my practice is to create a nurturing environment where kids can grow into healthy adults with learned coping skills and a better understanding of their own identity.
I am a LSW with years of experience treating teen/adolescents and their families. My areas of specialty and focus are depression, anxiety, low self esteem, mood disorders, and trauma. The driving force behind my practice is to create a nurturing environment where kids can grow into healthy adults with learned coping skills and a better understanding of their own identity.
(856) 329-8060 View (856) 329-8060
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Depression Therapists

What is the goal of therapy for depression?

Therapy for depression has several major goals. One is to relieve the mental pain of depression, which distorts feeling and thinking so that sufferers cannot see beyond their current state of mind or envision feeling better. Another is to give people the mental tools to recognize and correct the kinds of distorted thinking that turn a problem into a catastrophe and lead to despair. Therapy also teaches people how to process negative emotions in constructive ways, so they have more control over their own emotional reactivity. And it helps people regain the ability to see themselves positively, the motivation to do things, and the capacity for pleasure.

What happens in therapy for depression?

Perhaps most important, no matter the type of therapy, patients form an alliance with the therapist; that connection is therapeutic in itself, plus it becomes an instrument of change. Patients learn to identify and to challenge their own erroneous beliefs and thoughts that amplify the effects of negative experiences. They learn to identify situations in which they are especially vulnerable. And they learn new patterns of thinking and behaving. They may be given “homework” assignments in which they practice their developing skills. In addition, good therapists regularly monitor patients to assess whether and how much the condition is improving.

What therapy types help with depression?

Several types of short-term therapy have been found effective, each targeting one or more areas of dysfunction. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps clients challenge their negative thoughts and beliefs, learn new behavioral strategies, and curb reactivity to distressing situations. Behavioral activation (BA) is a form of therapy often used in conjunction with CBT; it focuses on engagement in rewarding activity as a pathway to changing negative feelings and disturbed mood. Another widely used approach is interpersonal therapy (IPT), which targets the social difficulties that both give rise to and get exacerbated by depression. Therapists may combine approaches as needed.

Can therapy for depression be done online?

Studies have found that online therapy can be highly effective for treating depression, although it may be more challenging to build a good therapist-patient alliance on screen than in person—at least at first. However, online therapy can offer considerable advantages. Accessibility and convenience are tops among them. Some people actually find it easier to talk about problems online than in person. While online therapy typically limits visibility of facial expression and body gestures that give important nonverbal cues to a patient’s state of mind, it can give therapists a glimpse into a patient’s world and life, providing information that can be highly useful in guiding therapy.

How effective is therapy for depression?

Many studies show that therapy is highly effective provided that patients complete the prescribed course of therapy, commonly 16 to 20 sessions. Over the long term, it is more effective than medication and the effects are more enduring. As a result, psychotherapy has the power not just to relieve current suffering but to prevent future episodes of the disorder. Therapy reverses the dysfunction in neural circuitry that disposes individuals to a negative view of themselves, the world, and their future and they acquire coping techniques, problem-solving skills, and understanding of their own vulnerabilities that are useful over the course of a lifetime.