Therapists in New Smyrna Beach, FL

Photo of Tommy Lloyd, MS, LMHC, LMFT, QS
Tommy Lloyd
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MS, LMHC, LMFT, QS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168
We all face emotional and mental struggles in our lives from time-to-time. Regardless of what you are dealing with, I will join you in your journey and help guide you towards a life of freedom. There is hope. There is solution. If you are searching for a therapist on this site, you are already taking a step in the right direction. The idea of overcoming whatever you are dealing with can be overwhelming. I encourage you to take the next small step and give me a call for a free consultation. We will deal with the rest together.
We all face emotional and mental struggles in our lives from time-to-time. Regardless of what you are dealing with, I will join you in your journey and help guide you towards a life of freedom. There is hope. There is solution. If you are searching for a therapist on this site, you are already taking a step in the right direction. The idea of overcoming whatever you are dealing with can be overwhelming. I encourage you to take the next small step and give me a call for a free consultation. We will deal with the rest together.
(386) 559-6215 View (386) 559-6215
Photo of Elizabeth English, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Elizabeth English
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168
Now accepting clients! As a counselor, I aim to meet clients where they are at and provide a supportive, caring and open space to process their needs. I see each client as the expert in their own lives, and work with them to find an individualized process that works best for them to meet their goals. Through a person-centered foundation, I work alongside clients through an integrative approach to allow clients to process anxiety, life transitions, depression, and other concerns that they bring to help guide them towards their goals and personal growth.
Now accepting clients! As a counselor, I aim to meet clients where they are at and provide a supportive, caring and open space to process their needs. I see each client as the expert in their own lives, and work with them to find an individualized process that works best for them to meet their goals. Through a person-centered foundation, I work alongside clients through an integrative approach to allow clients to process anxiety, life transitions, depression, and other concerns that they bring to help guide them towards their goals and personal growth.
(386) 388-6019 View (386) 388-6019
Photo of Shavarne Carter, Counselor
Shavarne Carter
Counselor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168  (Online Only)
Going to therapy can be a tough decision to make and what can be even more difficult is finding the "best therapist" for you! Each situation is unique and involves different steps to work towards resolving problems. I am looking to work with clients who are ready to put forth the work it takes to reach their goals. Life is challenging and I am here to help you get through your challenges.
Going to therapy can be a tough decision to make and what can be even more difficult is finding the "best therapist" for you! Each situation is unique and involves different steps to work towards resolving problems. I am looking to work with clients who are ready to put forth the work it takes to reach their goals. Life is challenging and I am here to help you get through your challenges.
(386) 388-7171 View (386) 388-7171
Photo of Alicia Olivieri, LMHC, QS
Alicia Olivieri
Mental Health Counselor, LMHC, QS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32169  (Online Only)
I specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depression, self-harm behaviors and trauma. My passion has always been trauma related work as I truly believe that the suffering that many people experience is a result of the trauma they have experienced in their lives. My goal is to help provide you the space to feel safe while processing your trauma, as well as find the tools and techniques needed to develop healthy and adaptive ways of coping. The ultimate goal is to help you uncover the strength and resiliency that is inside of you as you work through the healing process.
I specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depression, self-harm behaviors and trauma. My passion has always been trauma related work as I truly believe that the suffering that many people experience is a result of the trauma they have experienced in their lives. My goal is to help provide you the space to feel safe while processing your trauma, as well as find the tools and techniques needed to develop healthy and adaptive ways of coping. The ultimate goal is to help you uncover the strength and resiliency that is inside of you as you work through the healing process.
(386) 387-3798 View (386) 387-3798
Photo of Kimberly Ingram, MA, LMHC, CFRC
Kimberly Ingram
Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC, CFRC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168
As a Certified First Responder Counselor, Kimberly understands the need for a safe, confidential environment for processing the unique stressors this culture experiences. She has experienced, first hand, as a responder wife and mother, the many trials and triumphs that come with these careers. Kimberly works with responders to restore peace, hope and quality of life in their day to day living. With a multi-faceted approach based in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Cognitive Processing Theory for PTSD, she works with responders experiencing a multitude of mental health needs including anxiety, trauma, PTSD and more.
As a Certified First Responder Counselor, Kimberly understands the need for a safe, confidential environment for processing the unique stressors this culture experiences. She has experienced, first hand, as a responder wife and mother, the many trials and triumphs that come with these careers. Kimberly works with responders to restore peace, hope and quality of life in their day to day living. With a multi-faceted approach based in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Cognitive Processing Theory for PTSD, she works with responders experiencing a multitude of mental health needs including anxiety, trauma, PTSD and more.
(386) 230-0085 View (386) 230-0085
Photo of Tracy Floyd, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tracy Floyd
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32169
As a licensed therapist with over 24 years of counseling experience, I am dedicated to providing person-centered therapy. My focus is helping you decrease symptoms of anxiety or depression, address trauma or other emotional challenges, and improve your quality of life.
As a licensed therapist with over 24 years of counseling experience, I am dedicated to providing person-centered therapy. My focus is helping you decrease symptoms of anxiety or depression, address trauma or other emotional challenges, and improve your quality of life.
(386) 261-6239 View (386) 261-6239
Photo of Matthew Taylor, MEd, LMHC-QS, EMDR, Counselor
Matthew Taylor
Counselor, MEd, LMHC-QS, EMDR
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168
Not accepting new clients
Currently reached capacity for everything except MHC supervision. The FIRST thing to know is that you will be treated as an individual, acknowledging that your learning and healing process is unique. Our goals will be to make sense of your issues once we put all the pieces together. I am to work alongside you as an ally in your healing process, align with your needs, challenge you towards growth, and support your independence and openness. I hope to offer you some relief as soon as possible, so be ready to work, and have your sense of humor ready too!
Currently reached capacity for everything except MHC supervision. The FIRST thing to know is that you will be treated as an individual, acknowledging that your learning and healing process is unique. Our goals will be to make sense of your issues once we put all the pieces together. I am to work alongside you as an ally in your healing process, align with your needs, challenge you towards growth, and support your independence and openness. I hope to offer you some relief as soon as possible, so be ready to work, and have your sense of humor ready too!
(386) 224-6001 View (386) 224-6001
Photo of Kimberly M Ingram - The Wellspring Mental Health Group, LMHC, LMFT, LCSW, RMHCI, Counselor
The Wellspring Mental Health Group
Counselor, LMHC, LMFT, LCSW, RMHCI
Verified Verified
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168
The Wellspring Mental Health Group, Inc. was created to offer affordable, yet excellent, mental health care for our community. Our sliding fee scale was designed with your needs in mind. At Wellspring New Smyrna Beach and Wellspring Port Orange, our counselors can work with you to make counseling effective for you. After all, therapy is designed to help you overcome any obstacle. Our mission is to provide personalized mental health care to everyone who seeks it and to restore hope to those who have lost it. Let us help you rediscover the power of hope within you.
The Wellspring Mental Health Group, Inc. was created to offer affordable, yet excellent, mental health care for our community. Our sliding fee scale was designed with your needs in mind. At Wellspring New Smyrna Beach and Wellspring Port Orange, our counselors can work with you to make counseling effective for you. After all, therapy is designed to help you overcome any obstacle. Our mission is to provide personalized mental health care to everyone who seeks it and to restore hope to those who have lost it. Let us help you rediscover the power of hope within you.
(386) 204-3984 View (386) 204-3984
Photo of Malia Miller, MS, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Malia Miller
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MS
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168
Accepting new clients and have immediate appointment availability! I'm a Registered Marriage and Family Therapist Intern who brings a holistic and person-centered approach to my practice. I take a collaborative stance within sessions that honors your expertise and subjective lens. I recognize the significance of planting seeds of trust and understanding within the therapeutic relationship so you have a supportive environment for self-reflection. A warm atmosphere creates a safe space to bloom with new insights, tools, and skills. In my sessions, I believe in the power of humor and encouragement to foster growth and healing.
Accepting new clients and have immediate appointment availability! I'm a Registered Marriage and Family Therapist Intern who brings a holistic and person-centered approach to my practice. I take a collaborative stance within sessions that honors your expertise and subjective lens. I recognize the significance of planting seeds of trust and understanding within the therapeutic relationship so you have a supportive environment for self-reflection. A warm atmosphere creates a safe space to bloom with new insights, tools, and skills. In my sessions, I believe in the power of humor and encouragement to foster growth and healing.
(386) 284-2306 View (386) 284-2306
Photo of Austin Pasch, MS, RMHCI
Austin Pasch
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, MS, RMHCI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168
With an advanced degree in play therapy, I specialize in helping children express emotions and overcome challenges through therapeutic play in a safe, nurturing environment. My goal is to foster resilience, confidence, and emotional well-being in young minds. I am also dedicated to supporting adults on their healing journeys, offering tailored approaches to manage stress and achieve personal growth. Whether working with children or adults, my commitment is to guide each individual toward a healthier, more fulfilling life.
With an advanced degree in play therapy, I specialize in helping children express emotions and overcome challenges through therapeutic play in a safe, nurturing environment. My goal is to foster resilience, confidence, and emotional well-being in young minds. I am also dedicated to supporting adults on their healing journeys, offering tailored approaches to manage stress and achieve personal growth. Whether working with children or adults, my commitment is to guide each individual toward a healthier, more fulfilling life.
(386) 406-9497 View (386) 406-9497
Photo of Winona Squires, MS, LMFT, QS, Marriage & Family Therapist
Winona Squires
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, QS
Verified Verified
10 Endorsed
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168
Entering therapy is similar to summoning the courage to open an over-flowing closet that has been long ignored. Though daunting, with the right tools and an understanding guide, the task can become a manageable and rewarding experience. As your guide, I can help you shine a light on emotions, experiences, and relationships that you may be afraid to touch due to fear, shame, or uncertainty of how to process them. By utilizing an integrative approach, I help my clients assess and move through their emotional experiences while also applying new skills to help them reach their innermost personal goals.
Entering therapy is similar to summoning the courage to open an over-flowing closet that has been long ignored. Though daunting, with the right tools and an understanding guide, the task can become a manageable and rewarding experience. As your guide, I can help you shine a light on emotions, experiences, and relationships that you may be afraid to touch due to fear, shame, or uncertainty of how to process them. By utilizing an integrative approach, I help my clients assess and move through their emotional experiences while also applying new skills to help them reach their innermost personal goals.
(386) 957-1205 View (386) 957-1205
Photo of Lisa S Merilson - Volusia Neuropsychology & Behavioral Health, PsyD, Psychologist
Volusia Neuropsychology & Behavioral Health
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168
Volusia Neuropsychology & Behavioral Health offers multiple services to meet the needs of all patients. Our dedicated clinicians provide counseling and psychological services for children, adolescents, and adults in a supportive environment that promotes optimal well-being. The neuropsychological component of the practice is dedicated to the evaluation of brain function and assess cognitive, emotional and personality changes that can occur through injury and neurologic and medical illness.
Volusia Neuropsychology & Behavioral Health offers multiple services to meet the needs of all patients. Our dedicated clinicians provide counseling and psychological services for children, adolescents, and adults in a supportive environment that promotes optimal well-being. The neuropsychological component of the practice is dedicated to the evaluation of brain function and assess cognitive, emotional and personality changes that can occur through injury and neurologic and medical illness.
(386) 217-7183 View (386) 217-7183
Photo of Kylie VanLoo, MS, RMFTI, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Kylie VanLoo
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MS, RMFTI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168
I have immediate openings during the week days! My experience involves working with families, and children going through divorce, infidelity, grief, loss, sexual trauma, suicidal ideation, and changes within family systems. In addition to this, I have experience working with individual adults and children experiencing ODD, BPD, anxiety, grief/loss, suicide ideation, and depression.
I have immediate openings during the week days! My experience involves working with families, and children going through divorce, infidelity, grief, loss, sexual trauma, suicidal ideation, and changes within family systems. In addition to this, I have experience working with individual adults and children experiencing ODD, BPD, anxiety, grief/loss, suicide ideation, and depression.
(386) 223-1056 View (386) 223-1056
Photo of Intake Specialist - Counseling Center New Smyrna Beach, Counselor
Counseling Center New Smyrna Beach
Counselor
Verified Verified
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168
Is it time to start a partnership with a counselor? We believe that counseling isn't just for those who are hurting, but that anyone can benefit from an ongoing counseling or life coaching process. In fact, many of our clients are successful individuals and couples who know that everyone has the potential to grow. When a client comes to us for counseling, we strive to provide the client with skills and tools for making and maintaining significant life changes. Because of this, our clients tend to experience a positive difference in their moods, lives, and relationships quickly.
Is it time to start a partnership with a counselor? We believe that counseling isn't just for those who are hurting, but that anyone can benefit from an ongoing counseling or life coaching process. In fact, many of our clients are successful individuals and couples who know that everyone has the potential to grow. When a client comes to us for counseling, we strive to provide the client with skills and tools for making and maintaining significant life changes. Because of this, our clients tend to experience a positive difference in their moods, lives, and relationships quickly.
(386) 516-4721 View (386) 516-4721
Photo of Erin Tobiasz, MS, LMHC, Counselor
Erin Tobiasz
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168
I educate and empower clients to learn and to grow by customizing counseling to each individual's needs and unique situations. Respect and non-judgement are essential in helping clients reach their goals. I work with very difficult cases and understand the shame and guilt that come with abuse, trauma, addiction, and domestic violence; I honor clients' needs to take therapy at their own pace. I work with individuals, couples and families and I specialize in treating members of the LGBTQIA community. I am well-trained and experienced in treating Personality Disorders and addiction with co-occurring mental health disorders.
I educate and empower clients to learn and to grow by customizing counseling to each individual's needs and unique situations. Respect and non-judgement are essential in helping clients reach their goals. I work with very difficult cases and understand the shame and guilt that come with abuse, trauma, addiction, and domestic violence; I honor clients' needs to take therapy at their own pace. I work with individuals, couples and families and I specialize in treating members of the LGBTQIA community. I am well-trained and experienced in treating Personality Disorders and addiction with co-occurring mental health disorders.
(386) 269-4624 View (386) 269-4624
Photo of Carole Leigh Norville, LMHC, Counselor
Carole Leigh Norville
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168
Many of the issues that effect a person, are a product of experiences and the environment. I help a person to explore their thoughts and feelings, which will help glean a better understanding of those issues. With the knowledge and tools they acquire, they can then begin to build a life with more understanding and acceptance. In my counseling practice I work with children, teens, individuals, individuals with ASD and veterans. I specialize in dealing with depression, anxiety, self-esteem and trauma. I also bring years of experience working as a high school teacher with adolescents.
Many of the issues that effect a person, are a product of experiences and the environment. I help a person to explore their thoughts and feelings, which will help glean a better understanding of those issues. With the knowledge and tools they acquire, they can then begin to build a life with more understanding and acceptance. In my counseling practice I work with children, teens, individuals, individuals with ASD and veterans. I specialize in dealing with depression, anxiety, self-esteem and trauma. I also bring years of experience working as a high school teacher with adolescents.
(386) 251-5139 View (386) 251-5139
Photo of Elizabeth Evans, LMFT, CCPS-C, Marriage & Family Therapist
Elizabeth Evans
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CCPS-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168
Change is inevitable; no one stays the same in their life journey. I am passionate about helping others walk through the mountains and valleys in life growing stronger by building their inner strength. Each one of us has wounds and scars but they do not have to define who we are. I love working with individuals, couples, and families to draw on the positive qualities of each member in the family system in order to guide the family toward a more mentally healthier life. Connection is the secret ingredient to your overall well being. When we honor our pain by sharing it, we can heal it. Remaining silent can give power to the pain.
Change is inevitable; no one stays the same in their life journey. I am passionate about helping others walk through the mountains and valleys in life growing stronger by building their inner strength. Each one of us has wounds and scars but they do not have to define who we are. I love working with individuals, couples, and families to draw on the positive qualities of each member in the family system in order to guide the family toward a more mentally healthier life. Connection is the secret ingredient to your overall well being. When we honor our pain by sharing it, we can heal it. Remaining silent can give power to the pain.
(407) 871-6284 View (407) 871-6284
Photo of Deanna Rhoades, MEd, EdS, LMHC
Deanna Rhoades
MEd, EdS, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168  (Online Only)
Life is not meant to be a chore or a punishment to be endured. It is also not something that you are meant to tackle alone. Whether you’re a teenager or an adult struggling with feelings of depression, anxiety, anger, or disconnection, I’m here to support you. I aim to create an environment of safety, curiosity and kindness that will allow clients to discover their own means to healing. We will work together to explore the thoughts, feelings and experiences holding you back from the life you want.
Life is not meant to be a chore or a punishment to be endured. It is also not something that you are meant to tackle alone. Whether you’re a teenager or an adult struggling with feelings of depression, anxiety, anger, or disconnection, I’m here to support you. I aim to create an environment of safety, curiosity and kindness that will allow clients to discover their own means to healing. We will work together to explore the thoughts, feelings and experiences holding you back from the life you want.
(386) 230-4924 View (386) 230-4924
Photo of Pamela Lynn Accor, RMFI, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Pamela Lynn Accor
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, RMFI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168
My ideal client is someone feeling stuck in personal or relational patterns, seeking clarity and transformation. They may struggle with self-confidence, emotional regulation, or navigating life changes, and want to improve their self-understanding and heal emotional wounds. Their goals are to achieve emotional stability, build meaningful relationships, and find purpose. They seek direction in life, breaking free from limiting beliefs to develop self-love and resilience. They're motivated to grow and ready to invest in their well-being for lasting fulfillment.
My ideal client is someone feeling stuck in personal or relational patterns, seeking clarity and transformation. They may struggle with self-confidence, emotional regulation, or navigating life changes, and want to improve their self-understanding and heal emotional wounds. Their goals are to achieve emotional stability, build meaningful relationships, and find purpose. They seek direction in life, breaking free from limiting beliefs to develop self-love and resilience. They're motivated to grow and ready to invest in their well-being for lasting fulfillment.
(386) 388-7291 View (386) 388-7291
Photo of Kianna Spivey, MA, RMHCI
Kianna Spivey
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, MA, RMHCI
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New Smyrna Beach, FL 32168
Accepting new clients! Hi there, I'm Kianna, a Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern (RMHCI) in the state of Florida. I want to congratulate you on taking a bold step towards your healing process! I have a passion for helping others, being an active listener, providing a safe space, and assisting others in difficult times.
Accepting new clients! Hi there, I'm Kianna, a Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern (RMHCI) in the state of Florida. I want to congratulate you on taking a bold step towards your healing process! I have a passion for helping others, being an active listener, providing a safe space, and assisting others in difficult times.
(386) 643-0108 View (386) 643-0108
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See more therapy options for New Smyrna Beach

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in New Smyrna Beach, FL

40+

Average cost per session

$110

Therapists in New Smyrna Beach, FL who prioritize treating:

88% Anxiety
84% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
81% Trauma and PTSD
81% Self Esteem
79% Coping Skills
74% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Aetna
77% Cigna and Evernorth
65% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in New Smyrna Beach, FL see their clients

87% In Person and Online
13% Online Only

Gender breakdown

88% Female
12% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in New Smyrna Beach?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.