Therapists in Spindale, NC
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Check out therapists located nearby or offering teletherapy in North Carolina below.More Therapists Nearby
Jarrard Counseling Solutions
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LCAS-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Rutherfordton, NC 28139
Life is a journey, full of complex relationships and events that we all strive to understand and live with. Life can become complicated by traumas and relationships, as well as from internal struggles, such as anxiety or depression. Without help, these complications can leave us struggling to cope. I believe we all deserve happiness and understanding as we travel this journey, whatever complexities we face.
Life is a journey, full of complex relationships and events that we all strive to understand and live with. Life can become complicated by traumas and relationships, as well as from internal struggles, such as anxiety or depression. Without help, these complications can leave us struggling to cope. I believe we all deserve happiness and understanding as we travel this journey, whatever complexities we face.
Online Therapists
Shaquora Sanders
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Charlotte, NC 28269 (Online Only)
Together, we can develop a comprehensive plan that inspires wellness, success, healthy relationships, and life meaning for you and your family.
My name is Shaquora Sanders, LCMHC, LPC, NCC. For me, counseling is designed to process transitions and challenges which may elicit significant changes in their emotions, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of the individual. If we enter a professional counseling relationship, I will work with you and your child(ren) to develop goals. However, goals may vary contingent upon reevaluation and will be altered as needed. You and your child(ren’s feedback is vital as create comprehensive plan that inspires wellness, success, healthy relationships, and life meaning for you and your family.
Together, we can develop a comprehensive plan that inspires wellness, success, healthy relationships, and life meaning for you and your family.
My name is Shaquora Sanders, LCMHC, LPC, NCC. For me, counseling is designed to process transitions and challenges which may elicit significant changes in their emotions, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of the individual. If we enter a professional counseling relationship, I will work with you and your child(ren) to develop goals. However, goals may vary contingent upon reevaluation and will be altered as needed. You and your child(ren’s feedback is vital as create comprehensive plan that inspires wellness, success, healthy relationships, and life meaning for you and your family.
Dr. Leigh Hicks
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSWA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Matthews, NC 28105
I use DBT, CBT, Systems Theory, & Family Systems into my practice.
My passion is working with clients age 13-18 as well as young & early adults. I love to work to empower clients, build insight, heal relationships & provide practical tools for clients to use as they develop into young adulthood. I use family therapy for family system work. My other client focus is on victims of sexual exploitation including victims of Human Trafficking & sexual abuse. I incorporate the dynamics of race & ethnicity into my practice and like to work with people from these marginalized populations & addressing how these factors impact treatment and resilience. My ideal client is motivated and committed to treatment.
I use DBT, CBT, Systems Theory, & Family Systems into my practice.
My passion is working with clients age 13-18 as well as young & early adults. I love to work to empower clients, build insight, heal relationships & provide practical tools for clients to use as they develop into young adulthood. I use family therapy for family system work. My other client focus is on victims of sexual exploitation including victims of Human Trafficking & sexual abuse. I incorporate the dynamics of race & ethnicity into my practice and like to work with people from these marginalized populations & addressing how these factors impact treatment and resilience. My ideal client is motivated and committed to treatment.
Jaymie Rowe
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LCAS, CCS
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Hickory, NC 28601
As an expert in the field for marriage and family issues as well as addiction, I have specialized training in treating an array of mental health and substance abuse issues.
Therapy is a growth experience that can influence the way you view the world and yourself. As humans, we all experience times of discomfort and life transitions. Therapy is not only for those suffering from addiction or mental illness. It is also a way to gain skills, enhance your performance, and learn more about yourself. Barriers to becoming who you want to be can be explored in therapy and work to re-building life, relationships, and even your career.
As an expert in the field for marriage and family issues as well as addiction, I have specialized training in treating an array of mental health and substance abuse issues.
Therapy is a growth experience that can influence the way you view the world and yourself. As humans, we all experience times of discomfort and life transitions. Therapy is not only for those suffering from addiction or mental illness. It is also a way to gain skills, enhance your performance, and learn more about yourself. Barriers to becoming who you want to be can be explored in therapy and work to re-building life, relationships, and even your career.
Amy O'Bryan
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC, MEd, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Charlotte, NC 28226
My personal philosophy and approach to counseling begins and ends with compassion & a willingness to enter into my clients’ experiences alongside them. I became active in this field because I have an authentic, listening heart that desires to see people live as whole, healthy individuals. Areas of my practice include depression, anxiety, trauma, self-esteem, peer & family relationships. With a master’s degree in education and experience working in schools, I also provide academic, social, and emotional support. Treatment plans are created based on the individuals' needs and combine evidenced based practices with personal wellness.
My personal philosophy and approach to counseling begins and ends with compassion & a willingness to enter into my clients’ experiences alongside them. I became active in this field because I have an authentic, listening heart that desires to see people live as whole, healthy individuals. Areas of my practice include depression, anxiety, trauma, self-esteem, peer & family relationships. With a master’s degree in education and experience working in schools, I also provide academic, social, and emotional support. Treatment plans are created based on the individuals' needs and combine evidenced based practices with personal wellness.
Tova Woullard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCAS-A, CADC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Kannapolis, NC 28083 (Online Only)
Cognitive Restructuring, Solution Focused Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy, Multicultural therapy, Acceptance & Commitment Therapy, Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Client/Person Centered Therapy, Motivational Interviewing Therapy, Play Therapy, Grief Therapy, Family Therapy, Spirituality, Strength-Based Therapy and more.
Children: 6 to 17. I serve those with ADHD, adjustment disorders, anxiety, depression, PTSD, body dysmorphia, identity disorders, schizophrenia, addictions, truancy issues, low-self-esteem issues, oppositional defiant disorders, & OCD, and mood disorders. Adults (18+): I work with those who have anxiety, depression, low-self-esteem, addictions, ADHD, personality disorders, identity issues, adjusting to new conditions, PTSD, body dysmorphia, separation (a break-up, divorce, separation issues, new parents, teachers, retired individuals, those with immunodeficiency disorders, anger issues, domestic violence issues, & empty nesters.
Cognitive Restructuring, Solution Focused Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy, Multicultural therapy, Acceptance & Commitment Therapy, Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Client/Person Centered Therapy, Motivational Interviewing Therapy, Play Therapy, Grief Therapy, Family Therapy, Spirituality, Strength-Based Therapy and more.
Children: 6 to 17. I serve those with ADHD, adjustment disorders, anxiety, depression, PTSD, body dysmorphia, identity disorders, schizophrenia, addictions, truancy issues, low-self-esteem issues, oppositional defiant disorders, & OCD, and mood disorders. Adults (18+): I work with those who have anxiety, depression, low-self-esteem, addictions, ADHD, personality disorders, identity issues, adjusting to new conditions, PTSD, body dysmorphia, separation (a break-up, divorce, separation issues, new parents, teachers, retired individuals, those with immunodeficiency disorders, anger issues, domestic violence issues, & empty nesters.
Amanda K Crowder
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Charlotte, NC 28211
I am currently serving children, adolescents, and adults, in individual and family therapy.
My approach to therapy is to treat the whole person through a collaborative process. I am a firm believer in that everyone goes through "ups" and "downs" throughout life. I also believe that no matter how one may view a problem, how that person feels and how that person thinks is what is most important. I believe that problems and issues can be resolved, especially when one is invested in his/her treatment. I enjoy working with my clients to find solutions and assist in learning how to find happiness, enjoyment, and a sense of control. I find creative ways to engage with my clients throughout the therapeutic process.
I am currently serving children, adolescents, and adults, in individual and family therapy.
My approach to therapy is to treat the whole person through a collaborative process. I am a firm believer in that everyone goes through "ups" and "downs" throughout life. I also believe that no matter how one may view a problem, how that person feels and how that person thinks is what is most important. I believe that problems and issues can be resolved, especially when one is invested in his/her treatment. I enjoy working with my clients to find solutions and assist in learning how to find happiness, enjoyment, and a sense of control. I find creative ways to engage with my clients throughout the therapeutic process.
MACS (McCloud Acosta Clinical Services PLLC)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Matthews, NC 28105
Assessments, Screenings, Treatment Planning, to specialized Trauma Treatment Modalities- TF-CBT, Evidenced Based Modules such as EMDR, DBT Adherent Groups/Individual for Pre-Teens, Teens & Adults, Family, Individual & Group Therapy.
We are a Group of Trauma Specialist working with a variety of ages (8-100+) who have experienced trauma & have mental health needs. Our team of 15 therapists have a variety of specialties, experience & methods along with life experiences that can address most challenges. We love to work with clients who are ready to take the healing journey, are open, motivated & committed. Therapy is work & it is something we are honored to help you do. If you are ready to improve your life- please reach out. Virtual (in NC) and In-Person Sessions Available in Matthews & Mint Hill.
Assessments, Screenings, Treatment Planning, to specialized Trauma Treatment Modalities- TF-CBT, Evidenced Based Modules such as EMDR, DBT Adherent Groups/Individual for Pre-Teens, Teens & Adults, Family, Individual & Group Therapy.
We are a Group of Trauma Specialist working with a variety of ages (8-100+) who have experienced trauma & have mental health needs. Our team of 15 therapists have a variety of specialties, experience & methods along with life experiences that can address most challenges. We love to work with clients who are ready to take the healing journey, are open, motivated & committed. Therapy is work & it is something we are honored to help you do. If you are ready to improve your life- please reach out. Virtual (in NC) and In-Person Sessions Available in Matthews & Mint Hill.
I am a sole practitioner who provides a safe, comfortable space for all individuals. I utilize a personalized approach to work with individuals, couples and families in finding their path to healthier mind, body and family dynamics. I work with individuals, couples and families suffering from depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, postpartum depression, substance use disorders, career counseling, fertility issues, grief and loss, chronic pain and/or chronic illness like autoimmune disorders. My goal is to help all clients find their path and their voice in their lives. I can also utilize video appointments.
I am a sole practitioner who provides a safe, comfortable space for all individuals. I utilize a personalized approach to work with individuals, couples and families in finding their path to healthier mind, body and family dynamics. I work with individuals, couples and families suffering from depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, postpartum depression, substance use disorders, career counseling, fertility issues, grief and loss, chronic pain and/or chronic illness like autoimmune disorders. My goal is to help all clients find their path and their voice in their lives. I can also utilize video appointments.
I would feel honored to walk alongside you as you begin counseling. I am here to support you, brainstorm with you, laugh with you, and even challenge you at times. I am passionate about working with children, adolescents, and emerging adults, and their families, living with: ADHD, anxiety, autism, behavioral concerns, depression, learning differences, academic challenges, family concerns, and/or trauma. Additionally, I have a particular interest in working with clients who are seeking support for career development and/or the college preparation/application process.
I would feel honored to walk alongside you as you begin counseling. I am here to support you, brainstorm with you, laugh with you, and even challenge you at times. I am passionate about working with children, adolescents, and emerging adults, and their families, living with: ADHD, anxiety, autism, behavioral concerns, depression, learning differences, academic challenges, family concerns, and/or trauma. Additionally, I have a particular interest in working with clients who are seeking support for career development and/or the college preparation/application process.
Allison Becker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28803
I can help you and your family achieve your goals, both individually and together.
Adolescence and young adulthood are challenging times, full of growth and transition for individuals and families. I love supporting adolescents and emerging adults as they explore their identities and light their paths into adulthood. I am skilled at working with families through these transitional times, and also enjoy supporting couples in achieving healthy communication and partnership. My clinical experience runs the gamut from in-home work with court mandated youth, residential work with adolescent girls, and community-based outpatient therapy with high school students and kids in foster care.
I can help you and your family achieve your goals, both individually and together.
Adolescence and young adulthood are challenging times, full of growth and transition for individuals and families. I love supporting adolescents and emerging adults as they explore their identities and light their paths into adulthood. I am skilled at working with families through these transitional times, and also enjoy supporting couples in achieving healthy communication and partnership. My clinical experience runs the gamut from in-home work with court mandated youth, residential work with adolescent girls, and community-based outpatient therapy with high school students and kids in foster care.
Counseling Services at Steele Creek, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCMHCS
Verified Verified
Charlotte, NC 28273
I am a certified military and first responder counselor, and trained extensively in Family Centered Therapy.
I have had many years of experience working with adolescents, children, adults, and their families in both facilities as well as in homes. Through this experience, I have built my practice of clinicians who really are able to connect and listen to our clients. My work with relationships, couples and families has led me to my current practice. Meeting people where they are is so important. Helping them find their strengths and supports within their life, working on goals that are hopeful and achieveable, and finally helping them find their purpose in life, their relationships, and within themselves is the ultimate goal of therapy
I am a certified military and first responder counselor, and trained extensively in Family Centered Therapy.
I have had many years of experience working with adolescents, children, adults, and their families in both facilities as well as in homes. Through this experience, I have built my practice of clinicians who really are able to connect and listen to our clients. My work with relationships, couples and families has led me to my current practice. Meeting people where they are is so important. Helping them find their strengths and supports within their life, working on goals that are hopeful and achieveable, and finally helping them find their purpose in life, their relationships, and within themselves is the ultimate goal of therapy
Yvonne Johnson-Gilbert
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCS, LCAS, ICCS
Verified Verified
Canton, NC 28716
My professional education and training was only a part of my development in the field of Clinical Social Work. The other segment that was equally significant was my life prior to attaining my professional credentials as a daughter, wife, mother and grandmother. Life's many challenges provided me with insight into the Human experience and practical application in overcoming them. I not only bring my knowledge of Mental Health, and Alcoholism and Addiction, but also my passion for Clinical Art Psychotherapy, all of which I am Certified to practice in. My primary focus isn't only on the individual but also the "foundation of family".
My professional education and training was only a part of my development in the field of Clinical Social Work. The other segment that was equally significant was my life prior to attaining my professional credentials as a daughter, wife, mother and grandmother. Life's many challenges provided me with insight into the Human experience and practical application in overcoming them. I not only bring my knowledge of Mental Health, and Alcoholism and Addiction, but also my passion for Clinical Art Psychotherapy, all of which I am Certified to practice in. My primary focus isn't only on the individual but also the "foundation of family".
Sarah Barrington
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MS Ed, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Charlotte, NC 28277
Sometimes life comes at you fast. Unexpected events occur or transitions happen. That's what makes life exciting, but also challenging at times. Whether it be a job transition, adjusting to a new family, relationship issues or trying to find your way as a parent during the teenage years (or navigating life as a teenager yourself!), these experiences can often cause stress in our lives. As a result, you might find yourself not sleeping well, feeling anxious, experiencing low self-esteem, anger and sadness. You often wonder, when will everything get better and I'll feel like myself again?
Sometimes life comes at you fast. Unexpected events occur or transitions happen. That's what makes life exciting, but also challenging at times. Whether it be a job transition, adjusting to a new family, relationship issues or trying to find your way as a parent during the teenage years (or navigating life as a teenager yourself!), these experiences can often cause stress in our lives. As a result, you might find yourself not sleeping well, feeling anxious, experiencing low self-esteem, anger and sadness. You often wonder, when will everything get better and I'll feel like myself again?
Sophie Williams
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor Associate, MS, LCMHCA, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28801
Our current world is so stressful. Demands are continuously asked of us from work, school, family, and friends. It’s hard to keep up! Having a place to land with a nonjudgmental, caring ear can help. I specialize in supporting individuals with anxiety, trauma, burnout, self-doubt, and grief. I also work with children, couples, and families struggling with communication difficulties, maladaptive behaviors, parenting concerns, or relationship conflict. If you are hoping to reduce your daily overwhelm, unpack your trauma, or improve your connections with your partner or family, this is the place for you.
Our current world is so stressful. Demands are continuously asked of us from work, school, family, and friends. It’s hard to keep up! Having a place to land with a nonjudgmental, caring ear can help. I specialize in supporting individuals with anxiety, trauma, burnout, self-doubt, and grief. I also work with children, couples, and families struggling with communication difficulties, maladaptive behaviors, parenting concerns, or relationship conflict. If you are hoping to reduce your daily overwhelm, unpack your trauma, or improve your connections with your partner or family, this is the place for you.
Amy Lorette Robichaud
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MS, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28803
I look forward to supporting you and your family in finding your missing peace.
Trying to manage daily life is hard work. If you have come here for relief and guidance, then I commend you. I have over 30 years of experience working with children, adolescents and families in need. My specialty is in working with youth of all ages, as well as providing support to parents who wake up every morning and take on the toughest job in the world, which is raising kids. You are not alone. I am incredibly skilled at connecting with young people of all ages and I know how to build rapport quickly. Together we will find solutions that will help restore peace in your home and sanity in your life.
I look forward to supporting you and your family in finding your missing peace.
Trying to manage daily life is hard work. If you have come here for relief and guidance, then I commend you. I have over 30 years of experience working with children, adolescents and families in need. My specialty is in working with youth of all ages, as well as providing support to parents who wake up every morning and take on the toughest job in the world, which is raising kids. You are not alone. I am incredibly skilled at connecting with young people of all ages and I know how to build rapport quickly. Together we will find solutions that will help restore peace in your home and sanity in your life.
Bonita Hutchinson and Associates, PLLC
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MEd, LPC, LCMHC-S, LCAS, SAP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Charlotte, NC 28210 (Online Only)
Hutchinson provides Family, Couples or Individual Counseling thru Telehealth to help you learn and change interpersonal, work or substance use habits impacting your life.
Experiencing family, work or relationship issues that are overwhelming, you’re not alone. Counseling can support you in Managing Stress & Anxiety. All services are online Due to the PANDEMIC... connect thru telehealth on your Electronic Device to our secure platform for A Safe Place to share, Learn and for support of your mental and emotional health. We are Open Mornings, Evenings and Saturdays - Serving NC and NJ.
Hutchinson provides Family, Couples or Individual Counseling thru Telehealth to help you learn and change interpersonal, work or substance use habits impacting your life.
Experiencing family, work or relationship issues that are overwhelming, you’re not alone. Counseling can support you in Managing Stress & Anxiety. All services are online Due to the PANDEMIC... connect thru telehealth on your Electronic Device to our secure platform for A Safe Place to share, Learn and for support of your mental and emotional health. We are Open Mornings, Evenings and Saturdays - Serving NC and NJ.
Robert Costa Lodwick
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA Eds, LCMHC, MDiv
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Charlotte, NC 28273
I specialize in individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, trauma, and sexual addiction, Christian and family counseling.
Do you find yourself at times, getting stuck and needing help navigating life's issues? Do you find it difficult where or how to ask for help, even when you know you need it? If you are ready to accept help, I am here to help you. I specialize in anxiety, depression, marriage counseling, sexual addiction and other life issues. I accept a sliding scale if needed. I have availability in four to five days. I'd be happy to set up a free 15 minute consult to see if I might be a good fit for you. 980.396.2870.
I specialize in individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, trauma, and sexual addiction, Christian and family counseling.
Do you find yourself at times, getting stuck and needing help navigating life's issues? Do you find it difficult where or how to ask for help, even when you know you need it? If you are ready to accept help, I am here to help you. I specialize in anxiety, depression, marriage counseling, sexual addiction and other life issues. I accept a sliding scale if needed. I have availability in four to five days. I'd be happy to set up a free 15 minute consult to see if I might be a good fit for you. 980.396.2870.
I have 5 years of experience with a diverse population of clients from ages 5-adulthood who experience challenges with behaviors, anxiety, depression, substance use, suicidal history, trauma, stress, lack of concentration/focus, lack of motivation, career, life changes, family systems, relationship issues, and overall mental health concerns.
As a young girl, I've always had the passion to help others. I recall stating in high school that I would be a social worker or psychologist and here I am, Ms. LCSW! I'm a very warm, caring, and nurturing individual who creates a safe, non-judgment space for people to be open and honest with themselves as they continue to grow and thrive in the desired areas of life. Early on I had the opportunity to connect with positive people who influenced healing, growth, inner peace, and many great things in my life so it's a part of my life purpose to do the same for others.
I have 5 years of experience with a diverse population of clients from ages 5-adulthood who experience challenges with behaviors, anxiety, depression, substance use, suicidal history, trauma, stress, lack of concentration/focus, lack of motivation, career, life changes, family systems, relationship issues, and overall mental health concerns.
As a young girl, I've always had the passion to help others. I recall stating in high school that I would be a social worker or psychologist and here I am, Ms. LCSW! I'm a very warm, caring, and nurturing individual who creates a safe, non-judgment space for people to be open and honest with themselves as they continue to grow and thrive in the desired areas of life. Early on I had the opportunity to connect with positive people who influenced healing, growth, inner peace, and many great things in my life so it's a part of my life purpose to do the same for others.
Lisa Lavelle Bowen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28803 (Online Only)
Whatever the issue, I can help with healing from trauma and grief, cope with stress, anxiety, relationship problems, cope with mental disorders or other difficulties you, your child, your spouse, your significant other or family may be facing.
My specialties are trauma, anxiety, depression. 22 yrs experience counseling adolescents, adults, couples and families. I do supportive listening, accepting, understanding and compassionate counseling to help problem solve together and cope to focus on healing. Kinds of therapy I do: CBT, DBT, REBT, Art therapy, Play therapy and Christian counseling. Experience: worked with World Trade Center 9/11 survivors, survivors of torture, in a psychiatric hospital, an outpatient clinic, as a clinical supervisor, as a school based therapist, counseled military, their spouses & children at bases in USA, Europe and Japan and private practice.
Whatever the issue, I can help with healing from trauma and grief, cope with stress, anxiety, relationship problems, cope with mental disorders or other difficulties you, your child, your spouse, your significant other or family may be facing.
My specialties are trauma, anxiety, depression. 22 yrs experience counseling adolescents, adults, couples and families. I do supportive listening, accepting, understanding and compassionate counseling to help problem solve together and cope to focus on healing. Kinds of therapy I do: CBT, DBT, REBT, Art therapy, Play therapy and Christian counseling. Experience: worked with World Trade Center 9/11 survivors, survivors of torture, in a psychiatric hospital, an outpatient clinic, as a clinical supervisor, as a school based therapist, counseled military, their spouses & children at bases in USA, Europe and Japan and private practice.
See more therapy options for Spindale
Family Therapy
What do family therapists do?
A family therapist facilitates the process of understanding and improving how a family functions. The therapist will help family members develop empathy for one another. They’ll seek to understand existing patterns, misunderstandings, and conflicts that arise, in order to help the family arrive at a realistic, unified understanding and develop the coping skills they need to build stronger relationships.
How long does therapy for families take to work?
Therapy manifests differently in every family; a common time frame is 12 weekly sessions, but some families may see improvement after just a few weeks. Families should discuss their goals with the therapist at the beginning of the process and periodically revisit those goals to assess their progress together.
How can you encourage a family member to attend family therapy?
You can encourage family members to attend therapy by expressing with both love and concern the challenges you see and explaining how a therapist could help the family navigate those challenges together. An outside perspective can help everyone feel heard, get on the same page, and develop new skills. If family members are still hesitant, it may be helpful to emphasize that family therapy is short-term—it won’t last forever.
Is therapy for families effective?
Family therapy can significantly improve family dynamics and relationships. Research suggests that family therapy can help individuals understand their role in the family, communicate and solve problems together, reduce conflict and draw boundaries when necessary, and develop coping skills for stressors, major life changes, and mental or physical illnesses within the family.