Psychoanalytic Therapists in Richmond Heights, MO

Photo of Austin E Wilmot, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Austin E Wilmot
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Richmond Heights, MO 63117
Psychoanalytic psychotherapy is a unique tool, not guided by a worksheet, handbook or other agenda like other treatment approaches.
I have experience treating all ages with an in-depth approach, beginning with meeting you and working to understand the difficulties you are facing. I offer a space that fosters fuller experiencing and understanding of your inner emotional life, including feelings, thoughts, dreams and fantasies. In connection with me, your symptoms and problematic patterns can become understood in new ways, leading to emotional growth and a greater capacity to make meaningful changes in your life. I provide dynamic therapy in-office and by videoconference to people whose location or commitments make it difficult to attend in-person meetings.
Psychoanalytic psychotherapy is a unique tool, not guided by a worksheet, handbook or other agenda like other treatment approaches.
I have experience treating all ages with an in-depth approach, beginning with meeting you and working to understand the difficulties you are facing. I offer a space that fosters fuller experiencing and understanding of your inner emotional life, including feelings, thoughts, dreams and fantasies. In connection with me, your symptoms and problematic patterns can become understood in new ways, leading to emotional growth and a greater capacity to make meaningful changes in your life. I provide dynamic therapy in-office and by videoconference to people whose location or commitments make it difficult to attend in-person meetings.
(314) 907-3197 View (314) 907-3197
Photo of Casey Tyskowski, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Casey Tyskowski
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Richmond Heights, MO 63117
My goal as a therapist is to help my clients feel safe, validated, and supported as we work together to identify challenges and create personalized goals that will lead you to ultimately heal and feel whole again. I understand change can feel overwhelming and I will allow you to move at a pace you are comfortable with.
My goal as a therapist is to help my clients feel safe, validated, and supported as we work together to identify challenges and create personalized goals that will lead you to ultimately heal and feel whole again. I understand change can feel overwhelming and I will allow you to move at a pace you are comfortable with.
(314) 742-7574 View (314) 742-7574
Photo of Steven M. Portnoy, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Steven M. Portnoy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Richmond Heights, MO 63117
Put most simply, my approach to psychotherapy is centered around helping you come to know yourself as fully as possible. Many people come to me in search of a more depth-oriented approach to therapy. Many approaches out there right now, in the interest of attempting to reduce symptoms as quickly as possible, may miss the mark in terms of understanding the “why” of it all, the more nuanced understanding of why our difficulties and symptoms are there to begin with, how they actually may have been serving us in some way, and their connection to our relational patterns and our past developmental experiences.
Put most simply, my approach to psychotherapy is centered around helping you come to know yourself as fully as possible. Many people come to me in search of a more depth-oriented approach to therapy. Many approaches out there right now, in the interest of attempting to reduce symptoms as quickly as possible, may miss the mark in terms of understanding the “why” of it all, the more nuanced understanding of why our difficulties and symptoms are there to begin with, how they actually may have been serving us in some way, and their connection to our relational patterns and our past developmental experiences.
(314) 451-5939 View (314) 451-5939
Photo of Emily Klamer, MEd, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Emily Klamer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Richmond Heights, MO 63117
I work with individuals who seek depth in their lives and their therapy. I work with folks struggling with life transitions, trauma, depression, anxiety, and inhibition. I work with those who think and feel deeply: from creatives, writers, and academics; to other professionals in the mental health field; to entrepreneurs, clergy, and community organizers. A common thread is a recognition that greater self-awareness can imbue our lives with agency and vitality.
I work with individuals who seek depth in their lives and their therapy. I work with folks struggling with life transitions, trauma, depression, anxiety, and inhibition. I work with those who think and feel deeply: from creatives, writers, and academics; to other professionals in the mental health field; to entrepreneurs, clergy, and community organizers. A common thread is a recognition that greater self-awareness can imbue our lives with agency and vitality.
(314) 310-3840 View (314) 310-3840
Photo of Libby Shea, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Libby Shea
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richmond Heights, MO 63117  (Online Only)
Welcome! I'm glad you're taking a step toward finding the right therapist for you. We may be a good fit if you are going through a life change (big or small); navigating pregnancy, infertility, or adjusting to parenthood; or wanting to find ways to strengthen your personal relationships. I strive to foster a collaborative therapeutic process that focuses on your strengths and values. We all need support- I hope that I can be one of those sources of support for you!
Welcome! I'm glad you're taking a step toward finding the right therapist for you. We may be a good fit if you are going through a life change (big or small); navigating pregnancy, infertility, or adjusting to parenthood; or wanting to find ways to strengthen your personal relationships. I strive to foster a collaborative therapeutic process that focuses on your strengths and values. We all need support- I hope that I can be one of those sources of support for you!
(314) 794-7960 View (314) 794-7960
Photo of Matt Shatzman, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Matt Shatzman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Richmond Heights, MO 63117
Therapy is an experience where human beings learn to live differently. Differently is the key word. Different can look like less depression, more spontaneity, or deeper and more mutual relationships. Different can be learning to say "yes," "no," or "maybe." Different can be improved physical health, less anxiety, or sustained sobriety. When one begins treatment there's usually a percolating idea of what needs to be different. Helping you clarify the ways you'd like to live differently, what has gotten in your way up to this point, and how those changes can be made is psychotherapy.
Therapy is an experience where human beings learn to live differently. Differently is the key word. Different can look like less depression, more spontaneity, or deeper and more mutual relationships. Different can be learning to say "yes," "no," or "maybe." Different can be improved physical health, less anxiety, or sustained sobriety. When one begins treatment there's usually a percolating idea of what needs to be different. Helping you clarify the ways you'd like to live differently, what has gotten in your way up to this point, and how those changes can be made is psychotherapy.
(314) 480-3895 View (314) 480-3895
Photo of Catherine L Benoist, PsyD, Psychologist
Catherine L Benoist
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richmond Heights, MO 63117
When a clinician is asked what their specialty is, they often focus on specific diagnoses. Although helpful, I believe you are so much more than a diagnosis or collection of symptoms. I think it's important to respect the complicated nature of who we are and the lives we lead. It's about understanding why you are struggling and changing what is not working for you. I think that issues or problems need to be handled with curiosity and not judgement. Only then can we focus on what feels right for you and help you have those things in your life. I believe that, in choosing psychotherapy, one gives oneself a great gift.
When a clinician is asked what their specialty is, they often focus on specific diagnoses. Although helpful, I believe you are so much more than a diagnosis or collection of symptoms. I think it's important to respect the complicated nature of who we are and the lives we lead. It's about understanding why you are struggling and changing what is not working for you. I think that issues or problems need to be handled with curiosity and not judgement. Only then can we focus on what feels right for you and help you have those things in your life. I believe that, in choosing psychotherapy, one gives oneself a great gift.
(314) 310-6812 View (314) 310-6812
Photo of Juliana Varela, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Juliana Varela
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Richmond Heights, MO 63117
People seek therapy for variety of reasons, ranging from difficulties with a specific life event or a general pursuit for greater purpose and connectedness. Psychotherapy offers an arena for self exploration unlike any other and can prove to be a profoundly moving experience. I work with individuals affected by trauma, difficulties in relationships, depression/post-partum depression, infertility, adoption, parenting, struggles in cultural adaptation and immigration, identity, self-esteem, sexuality, etc. Often I find that the most meaningful change comes from those who are open and willing to engage in the journey. The change you seek comes from you and will be our guiding force.
People seek therapy for variety of reasons, ranging from difficulties with a specific life event or a general pursuit for greater purpose and connectedness. Psychotherapy offers an arena for self exploration unlike any other and can prove to be a profoundly moving experience. I work with individuals affected by trauma, difficulties in relationships, depression/post-partum depression, infertility, adoption, parenting, struggles in cultural adaptation and immigration, identity, self-esteem, sexuality, etc. Often I find that the most meaningful change comes from those who are open and willing to engage in the journey. The change you seek comes from you and will be our guiding force.
(314) 591-5187 View (314) 591-5187

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Melissa T Scolaro, MSW, LCSW, MA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melissa T Scolaro
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, MA
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63117
Waitlist for new clients
Louis Psychoanalytic Institute and the PEP Program at Care and Counseling.
When the challenges of life and relationship present you with complex dilemmas and create painful or uncomfortable symptoms, therapy offers an opportunity for healing and long-lasting psychological change. The power of therapy is in the way it expands your choice in behaviors or ways of seeing others, yourself and your life circumstances. Through a compassionate journey of self-exploration I will help you work toward a fuller understanding of yourself which will lead to greater choice in how you live, love, work and play. It is a privilege to join you on your journey of self-discovery and healing.
Louis Psychoanalytic Institute and the PEP Program at Care and Counseling.
When the challenges of life and relationship present you with complex dilemmas and create painful or uncomfortable symptoms, therapy offers an opportunity for healing and long-lasting psychological change. The power of therapy is in the way it expands your choice in behaviors or ways of seeing others, yourself and your life circumstances. Through a compassionate journey of self-exploration I will help you work toward a fuller understanding of yourself which will lead to greater choice in how you live, love, work and play. It is a privilege to join you on your journey of self-discovery and healing.
(314) 828-1020 View (314) 828-1020
Photo of John Hart, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
John Hart
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63105
Louis Psychoanalytic Institute.
I have over 20 years of experience working in a therapeutic setting. My approach places a central focus on development of a strong therapeutic relationship and creating a space where one can explore personal issues. Symptoms are often what bring people to seek therapy. I see a symptom as a means for understanding the underlying issues that cause them. I have experience working with adults and adolescents (ages 13 and older). In support of working with adolescents, I also work with parents in a parallel manner.
Louis Psychoanalytic Institute.
I have over 20 years of experience working in a therapeutic setting. My approach places a central focus on development of a strong therapeutic relationship and creating a space where one can explore personal issues. Symptoms are often what bring people to seek therapy. I see a symptom as a means for understanding the underlying issues that cause them. I have experience working with adults and adolescents (ages 13 and older). In support of working with adolescents, I also work with parents in a parallel manner.
(314) 488-2156 View (314) 488-2156
Photo of Bayla M. Myer, PhD, Psychologist
Bayla M. Myer
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
I have extensive training in behavioral, cognitive, insight oriented, and psychoanalytic techniques of therapy so I can customize the approach to the needs of the person, couple, or family.
I have over thirty-five years of experience treating individuals, couples, and families dealing with depression, anxiety disorders, marital discord, and family dysfunction. Changing oneself, therefore changing others around you, can lead to happier relationships. Understanding and insight can raise self-esteem. I provide a safe, confidential, and trusting environment to explore one's feelings and consider options to produce different and improved results. Video and telehealth sessions have been added to accommodate the COVID-19 safety protocols.
I have extensive training in behavioral, cognitive, insight oriented, and psychoanalytic techniques of therapy so I can customize the approach to the needs of the person, couple, or family.
I have over thirty-five years of experience treating individuals, couples, and families dealing with depression, anxiety disorders, marital discord, and family dysfunction. Changing oneself, therefore changing others around you, can lead to happier relationships. Understanding and insight can raise self-esteem. I provide a safe, confidential, and trusting environment to explore one's feelings and consider options to produce different and improved results. Video and telehealth sessions have been added to accommodate the COVID-19 safety protocols.
(314) 828-2354 View (314) 828-2354
Photo of John C. Lucas, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
John C. Lucas
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
Louis Psychoanalytic Institute.
I believe therapy is a collaborative process where people can learn more about themselves and how to live differently. This change occurs through the therapeutic relationship. I help people understand how to help themselves and alleviate their suffering.
Louis Psychoanalytic Institute.
I believe therapy is a collaborative process where people can learn more about themselves and how to live differently. This change occurs through the therapeutic relationship. I help people understand how to help themselves and alleviate their suffering.
(314) 325-2175 View (314) 325-2175
Photo of Chester Smith, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Chester Smith
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
In addition to my private practice I am a faculty member at the Saint Louis Psychoanalytic Institute and serve as Director of Clinical Training at the Schiele Clinic Practicum Program.
Whether it is wanting help with depression or anxiety, wanting to work on relationship issues or just wanting to live a richer fuller life, therapy can help. As human beings we are faced with a broad range of challenges. Therapy provides the opportunity to explore thoughts and feelings that contribute to anxiety, depression, and relationship difficulties. It is a place to learn about one’s self and to grow. Emotional pain like physical pain is a signal that something needs to be attended to. Sources can often be found in our early life experiences sometimes involving trauma. Once understood the pain will usually begin to subside.
In addition to my private practice I am a faculty member at the Saint Louis Psychoanalytic Institute and serve as Director of Clinical Training at the Schiele Clinic Practicum Program.
Whether it is wanting help with depression or anxiety, wanting to work on relationship issues or just wanting to live a richer fuller life, therapy can help. As human beings we are faced with a broad range of challenges. Therapy provides the opportunity to explore thoughts and feelings that contribute to anxiety, depression, and relationship difficulties. It is a place to learn about one’s self and to grow. Emotional pain like physical pain is a signal that something needs to be attended to. Sources can often be found in our early life experiences sometimes involving trauma. Once understood the pain will usually begin to subside.
(314) 207-8599 View (314) 207-8599
Photo of Stephanie Whitney Jategaonkar, MA, LPC, ATR-BC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Stephanie Whitney Jategaonkar
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105
Louis Psychoanalytic Institute, Sensorimotor Psychotherapy, Internal Family Systems Therapy, Advanced Training in Spiritually Integrated Therapy, and courses in the Adult Psychoanalytic Program at the St.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and a Registered / Board Certified Art Therapist working with adults, adolescents, and children. My approach to therapy begins with forming a safe, therapeutic relationship that allows you to explore life transitions, emotional pain, or other symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, addiction, or eating disorders. We will move beyond symptom management and help you to identify and develop understanding of the deeper meaning of the presenting symptoms. Often, the symptoms are external manifestations of conflicts and core beliefs rooted in the inner world or attempts to avoid the pain of past and current life experiences.
Louis Psychoanalytic Institute, Sensorimotor Psychotherapy, Internal Family Systems Therapy, Advanced Training in Spiritually Integrated Therapy, and courses in the Adult Psychoanalytic Program at the St.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and a Registered / Board Certified Art Therapist working with adults, adolescents, and children. My approach to therapy begins with forming a safe, therapeutic relationship that allows you to explore life transitions, emotional pain, or other symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, addiction, or eating disorders. We will move beyond symptom management and help you to identify and develop understanding of the deeper meaning of the presenting symptoms. Often, the symptoms are external manifestations of conflicts and core beliefs rooted in the inner world or attempts to avoid the pain of past and current life experiences.
(314) 266-8280 View (314) 266-8280
Photo of Evelyn A Witten, MEd, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Evelyn A Witten
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63105
She has completed post graduate certification and training through the Saint Louis Psychoanalytic Institute.
Making a decision to enter therapy is often a step taken after much thought and consideration. Evelyn's professional experience is framed by a philosophy of trust and respect in the collaborative relationship. Clients may enter treatment at a period of life that is marked by stress, strain and pain. While this may be the presenting problem, the journey of therapy allows one to develop an understanding of the strengths as well as limitations that help or hinder life at different stages. Evelyn helps clients recognize patterns of interaction in the present that may shed insight on difficult recurring issues.
She has completed post graduate certification and training through the Saint Louis Psychoanalytic Institute.
Making a decision to enter therapy is often a step taken after much thought and consideration. Evelyn's professional experience is framed by a philosophy of trust and respect in the collaborative relationship. Clients may enter treatment at a period of life that is marked by stress, strain and pain. While this may be the presenting problem, the journey of therapy allows one to develop an understanding of the strengths as well as limitations that help or hinder life at different stages. Evelyn helps clients recognize patterns of interaction in the present that may shed insight on difficult recurring issues.
(314) 492-5185 View (314) 492-5185
Photo of Robin L. Turner - Dr Robin L Turner, MSW, LCSW, D CSW, Psa, PsyD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dr Robin L Turner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, D CSW, Psa, PsyD
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105
I did my child and adolescent psychoanalytic training at Hampstead in London, whenAnna Freud was Director.
My life's work is to help individuals understand intimately themselves through psychotherapy. To utilize the deeper levels of the self, achieve richer relationships,and an appreciation for who they are. Primary, to successful therapy is the relationship between the client and therapist. My work: Children,Adolescents and Adults. Child/Adolescents-self esteem,depression anxiety, relationship, family issues, school issues. Adults: depression, anxiety, relationship,gender issues,grief. Psychotherapist/Psychoanalyst, child, adolescent and adult and seniors. Faculty member/the St. Louis Psychoanalytic Institute(president 2010-2013), Asst. Clinical professor, Dept. of Psychiatry, St. Louis Universityjoint appt./Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital.
I did my child and adolescent psychoanalytic training at Hampstead in London, whenAnna Freud was Director.
My life's work is to help individuals understand intimately themselves through psychotherapy. To utilize the deeper levels of the self, achieve richer relationships,and an appreciation for who they are. Primary, to successful therapy is the relationship between the client and therapist. My work: Children,Adolescents and Adults. Child/Adolescents-self esteem,depression anxiety, relationship, family issues, school issues. Adults: depression, anxiety, relationship,gender issues,grief. Psychotherapist/Psychoanalyst, child, adolescent and adult and seniors. Faculty member/the St. Louis Psychoanalytic Institute(president 2010-2013), Asst. Clinical professor, Dept. of Psychiatry, St. Louis Universityjoint appt./Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital.
(314) 696-5443 View (314) 696-5443
Photo of Katie Willard Virant, JD, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Katie Willard Virant
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, JD, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63117
Louis Psychoanalytic Institute.
We thrive as humans when we understand ourselves. I work creatively and compassionately with adults and adolescents to deepen and broaden self-understanding. Emotional pain - like physical pain - is a signal that help is needed and that something must change. Psychotherapy can be that powerful catalyst for healing. I believe in meeting people where they are, listening intently, and co-creating a safe and brave space where my clients can grow.
Louis Psychoanalytic Institute.
We thrive as humans when we understand ourselves. I work creatively and compassionately with adults and adolescents to deepen and broaden self-understanding. Emotional pain - like physical pain - is a signal that help is needed and that something must change. Psychotherapy can be that powerful catalyst for healing. I believe in meeting people where they are, listening intently, and co-creating a safe and brave space where my clients can grow.
(314) 667-4811 View (314) 667-4811
Photo of Shannon Gartland, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Shannon Gartland
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
I am a licensed professional counselor who works from a client-centered approach. My goal is to provide a warm and compassionate environment where you can feel safe to share and process your experiences. I think of counseling as a place to gain greater insight and self-awareness around core beliefs. I will work with you to identify patterns of maladaptive coping and learn healthier ways to cope with life's challenges.
I am a licensed professional counselor who works from a client-centered approach. My goal is to provide a warm and compassionate environment where you can feel safe to share and process your experiences. I think of counseling as a place to gain greater insight and self-awareness around core beliefs. I will work with you to identify patterns of maladaptive coping and learn healthier ways to cope with life's challenges.
(314) 549-1055 View (314) 549-1055
Photo of Jacqueline Fay Langley, PhD, Psychologist
Jacqueline Fay Langley
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63117
I have been treating all age groups in the St. Louis area for over 35 years. My in depth training as both a psychologist and psychoanalyst for children and adults provides a full spectrum of skills to treat short and long term issues for all age groups. I am highly skilled at meeting a person where they are to help them, through connection with me and my understanding of them, reach new and emotionally healthier places in their life. In addition to the areas of specialties listed I work with mother/infant dyads and children who are adopted and their parents achieve more satisfying attachments.
I have been treating all age groups in the St. Louis area for over 35 years. My in depth training as both a psychologist and psychoanalyst for children and adults provides a full spectrum of skills to treat short and long term issues for all age groups. I am highly skilled at meeting a person where they are to help them, through connection with me and my understanding of them, reach new and emotionally healthier places in their life. In addition to the areas of specialties listed I work with mother/infant dyads and children who are adopted and their parents achieve more satisfying attachments.
(314) 527-1227 View (314) 527-1227
Photo of Shannon Newcomb, MSW, LMSW, CLC
Shannon Newcomb
Licensed Master Social Worker, MSW, LMSW, CLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63143  (Online Only)
Do you feel like no one understands what you're going through and like you have to constantly explain yourself? We all have bumps along the road and I am here to provide you with the support needed in order to get through them. I provide therapeutic services through a "person-centered" approach and allow for clients I am working with to take the driver's seat and determine where we go and what aspects of concern we will talk about in session. I am here to listen, help you create positive change in your life, and provide you with skills necessary to handle everyday hurdles you encounter.
Do you feel like no one understands what you're going through and like you have to constantly explain yourself? We all have bumps along the road and I am here to provide you with the support needed in order to get through them. I provide therapeutic services through a "person-centered" approach and allow for clients I am working with to take the driver's seat and determine where we go and what aspects of concern we will talk about in session. I am here to listen, help you create positive change in your life, and provide you with skills necessary to handle everyday hurdles you encounter.
(636) 434-2577 View (636) 434-2577

See more therapy options for Richmond Heights

Psychoanalytic Therapists

Does psychoanalytic therapy work?

Psychoanalytic therapy derives from the work of Sigmund Freud. In this type of therapy, discovering buried thoughts and emotions from the unconscious will help a person work through their difficulties and negative behaviors. Research shows that psychoanalytic therapy can be highly effective, with patients reporting improvement in mood, quality of life, and overall well-being.

How long are people typically in psychoanalytic therapy?

Traditional psychoanalysis is in-depth and is conducted in five sessions every week. Today, modern psychoanalytic therapy is less intense and normally incorporates as few as one or two sessions a week. In some cases, positive change can occur quickly. However, if the condition, difficulty, or behavior is deep-seated, improvement may require many months or years of therapy.

Is psychoanalytic therapy suitable for young people?

Children and adolescents can benefit from this type of therapy. Many kids and teens are often unable to form and communicate their thoughts and emotions. Psychoanalytic therapy uses specific techniques such as dream analysis, symbolism, and free association or word association; all of which can be useful tools for less-communicative young people. Through this therapy, a patient will hopefully make connections between what they feel inside and how the world works outside.

Can psychoanalytic therapy be done online?

Modern-day psychoanalytic therapy is very different from traditional psychoanalysis. While an individual can sit face-to-face with the psychoanalyst for multiple sessions a week, they do not have to. Today, psychoanalytic therapy can be effectively conducted online or by phone. The key is that the individual confronts what is repressed and avoided, and this can be done whether in person or over online video.