Dialectical Behavior (DBT) Therapists in Wayzata, MN

Photo of Laura Ann Jaap, MA, LP, Psychologist
Laura Ann Jaap
Psychologist, MA, LP
Verified Verified
Wayzata, MN 55391  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I draw from a range of therapeutic approaches including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Narrative, Systemic and Gottman Method, tailored to fit your individual needs and specific situation, offering strategies from faith-based and strength-based concepts.
My commitment to my clients: I am devoted to providing a safe space for you to engage in a process of self-reflection that ultimately leads to improving your quality of life. My therapeutic style is direct, dynamic and action-oriented, combining compassionate understanding of past and present problems with enthusiastic pursuit of future goals. I have a holistic view of physical, mental and spiritual health, and believe in the power of the Mind-Body connection, as well as the importance of humor and music in healing. My 25 + years of experience makes me uniquely qualified to serve therapists, health workers and caregivers.
I draw from a range of therapeutic approaches including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Narrative, Systemic and Gottman Method, tailored to fit your individual needs and specific situation, offering strategies from faith-based and strength-based concepts.
My commitment to my clients: I am devoted to providing a safe space for you to engage in a process of self-reflection that ultimately leads to improving your quality of life. My therapeutic style is direct, dynamic and action-oriented, combining compassionate understanding of past and present problems with enthusiastic pursuit of future goals. I have a holistic view of physical, mental and spiritual health, and believe in the power of the Mind-Body connection, as well as the importance of humor and music in healing. My 25 + years of experience makes me uniquely qualified to serve therapists, health workers and caregivers.
(952) 649-6575 View (952) 649-6575
Photo of Kaytie Kocon, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kaytie Kocon
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Wayzata, MN 55391
My approach is rooted in cognitive-behavioral therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy, and narrative therapy, all designed to leverage your unique strengths.
Life is not easy, but you also do not have to do it alone. If you're an adolescent navigating the complexities of growing up or someone in transition facing new challenges, let's embark on a journey of self-discovery and growth together. In therapy with me, we'll create a safe space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences. We will collaborate and move towards understanding your unique strengths, coping mechanisms, and goals. My approach is client-centered, your needs and preferences guide our sessions. Whether you're seeking support for mental health concerns or simply need someone to talk, I am here for you.
My approach is rooted in cognitive-behavioral therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy, and narrative therapy, all designed to leverage your unique strengths.
Life is not easy, but you also do not have to do it alone. If you're an adolescent navigating the complexities of growing up or someone in transition facing new challenges, let's embark on a journey of self-discovery and growth together. In therapy with me, we'll create a safe space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences. We will collaborate and move towards understanding your unique strengths, coping mechanisms, and goals. My approach is client-centered, your needs and preferences guide our sessions. Whether you're seeking support for mental health concerns or simply need someone to talk, I am here for you.
(763) 363-4579 View (763) 363-4579
Photo of Maggie R Meyers, DMFT, LPCC, Counselor
Maggie R Meyers
Counselor, DMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Wayzata, MN 55391
Some of those theories include: Internal Family Systems, Feminist Theory, Dialectical Behavioral, and Narrative.
Life is not always easy. Add in a global pandemic, community uprise, and our ongoing political environment, and some days it feels impossible. I get it, and want to be a source of reprieve. My goal is to help you create a better relationship with yourself whereby creating better relationships in the rest of your life. I believe that all of us need a person to talk to that has no bias or judgement in regards to what we are facing. I want to 'dig deep' so to speak and get to the root of what is stopping you from living your best life.
Some of those theories include: Internal Family Systems, Feminist Theory, Dialectical Behavioral, and Narrative.
Life is not always easy. Add in a global pandemic, community uprise, and our ongoing political environment, and some days it feels impossible. I get it, and want to be a source of reprieve. My goal is to help you create a better relationship with yourself whereby creating better relationships in the rest of your life. I believe that all of us need a person to talk to that has no bias or judgement in regards to what we are facing. I want to 'dig deep' so to speak and get to the root of what is stopping you from living your best life.
(612) 260-8783 View (612) 260-8783
Photo of Lisa Scholder, PsyD, LP, Psychologist
Lisa Scholder
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Wayzata, MN 55391  (Online Only)
Having over 25 years of clinical experience, I provide professional and compassionate psychotherapy services to individuals and couples struggling with a wide range of challenges. Whole Wellness Psychology also offers medical trauma recovery and medical advocacy services for medical staff, parents, and survivors of medical trauma. I utilize a holistic view of clients, meaning I focus on whole mind and body wellness. Creating a partnership with my clients is primary before any meaningful work begins. I also offer DBT services, EMDR, a targeted trauma treatment, and am equally affirming to heterosexual and same sex couples.
Having over 25 years of clinical experience, I provide professional and compassionate psychotherapy services to individuals and couples struggling with a wide range of challenges. Whole Wellness Psychology also offers medical trauma recovery and medical advocacy services for medical staff, parents, and survivors of medical trauma. I utilize a holistic view of clients, meaning I focus on whole mind and body wellness. Creating a partnership with my clients is primary before any meaningful work begins. I also offer DBT services, EMDR, a targeted trauma treatment, and am equally affirming to heterosexual and same sex couples.
(612) 979-2809 View (612) 979-2809
Photo of Andy Huys, MA, LPCC, LADC, Counselor
Andy Huys
Counselor, MA, LPCC, LADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Wayzata, MN 55391
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Motivational Interviewing, Solution-Focused Therapy (SFT) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) often find their way into each session.
Self-exploration, improved awareness, and personal empowerment are key elements for setting goals and making healthy changes. I use various clinical approaches during therapy, depending on the needs and goals of each client. I enjoy combining a client-centered approach with solution-focused strategies to help build resiliency. This foundation provides direction for therapeutic goals and promotes creative collaboration between us. I'm described as having high empathy, compassion, a good sense of humor, and a relaxed style. Please contact me for a consultation to discuss your needs and concerns.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Motivational Interviewing, Solution-Focused Therapy (SFT) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) often find their way into each session.
Self-exploration, improved awareness, and personal empowerment are key elements for setting goals and making healthy changes. I use various clinical approaches during therapy, depending on the needs and goals of each client. I enjoy combining a client-centered approach with solution-focused strategies to help build resiliency. This foundation provides direction for therapeutic goals and promotes creative collaboration between us. I'm described as having high empathy, compassion, a good sense of humor, and a relaxed style. Please contact me for a consultation to discuss your needs and concerns.
(763) 373-9099 View (763) 373-9099
Photo of Alexis Taylor, LGSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alexis Taylor
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LGSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Wayzata, MN 55391  (Online Only)
I like to pull from various modalities to use in sessions with clients, including Dialectical Behavior Therapy and mindfulness techniques.
During times of difficulty, sometimes we need someone to talk to that is open-minded and non-judgmental. Someone who can be a supportive person that also helps build insight and supports us in reaching our goals. My goal is to build a relationship where clients feel seen, heard, and supported. This approach includes creating a partnership between therapist and client, where the client determines the focus of therapy and works collaboratively to identify attainable goals. During our work together, we can explore your reasons for seeking therapy and build a relationship where you feel supported.
I like to pull from various modalities to use in sessions with clients, including Dialectical Behavior Therapy and mindfulness techniques.
During times of difficulty, sometimes we need someone to talk to that is open-minded and non-judgmental. Someone who can be a supportive person that also helps build insight and supports us in reaching our goals. My goal is to build a relationship where clients feel seen, heard, and supported. This approach includes creating a partnership between therapist and client, where the client determines the focus of therapy and works collaboratively to identify attainable goals. During our work together, we can explore your reasons for seeking therapy and build a relationship where you feel supported.
(952) 295-3547 View (952) 295-3547
Twin Cities Cognitive Behavioral Treatment Center
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Wayzata, MN 55391
Our therapists have specialized clinical training in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), and exposure and response prevention for OCD.
We work with individuals of all ages with anxiety, mood and related issues across the lifespan. When working with younger children, we meet with parents without the child for the first evaluation session, and then meet with the child individually during the second evaluation session.Our center also routinely works with college-aged and young adult clients. Here, our therapists incorporate components of therapy geared specifically to this age group: identity development, fostering independence and autonomy, and helping clients navigate the challenges experienced during their transition into adulthood.
Our therapists have specialized clinical training in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), and exposure and response prevention for OCD.
We work with individuals of all ages with anxiety, mood and related issues across the lifespan. When working with younger children, we meet with parents without the child for the first evaluation session, and then meet with the child individually during the second evaluation session.Our center also routinely works with college-aged and young adult clients. Here, our therapists incorporate components of therapy geared specifically to this age group: identity development, fostering independence and autonomy, and helping clients navigate the challenges experienced during their transition into adulthood.
(651) 359-9401 View (651) 359-9401
Photo of Kelly Miklas - Kelly Miklas - Psychotherapy & Intensives. , MA, LPCC
Kelly Miklas - Psychotherapy & Intensives.
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Wayzata, MN 55391
Available as soon as next week. Let's set you up for success this fall and winter. Currently offering weekly or biweekly psychotherapy, extended/intensive psychotherapy sessions, Diagnostic Assessments, and DBT program referrals.
Available as soon as next week. Let's set you up for success this fall and winter. Currently offering weekly or biweekly psychotherapy, extended/intensive psychotherapy sessions, Diagnostic Assessments, and DBT program referrals.
(952) 900-6845 View (952) 900-6845
Photo of Emma Trittin, LPCC, LADC, Counselor
Emma Trittin
Counselor, LPCC, LADC
Verified Verified
Wayzata, MN 55391
I believe that through the difficulties in our lives, it takes immense courage to reach out for help and take your life back. Whether it be anxiety, depression, substance use, self-worth, stress or more, I love working with adults and teens on reaching their goals. I take a person-centered, curious and warm approach to therapy, and have a passion for helping clients find their way back to their true selves. I enjoy creating a safe space where clients can explore the challenges in their life, and gain insight into the values they would like to live by, which will allow them to feel more connected to themselves and others.
I believe that through the difficulties in our lives, it takes immense courage to reach out for help and take your life back. Whether it be anxiety, depression, substance use, self-worth, stress or more, I love working with adults and teens on reaching their goals. I take a person-centered, curious and warm approach to therapy, and have a passion for helping clients find their way back to their true selves. I enjoy creating a safe space where clients can explore the challenges in their life, and gain insight into the values they would like to live by, which will allow them to feel more connected to themselves and others.
(763) 343-7090 View (763) 343-7090
Photo of Billy Graczyk, MPS, LPCC, LADC
Billy Graczyk
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MPS, LPCC, LADC
Verified Verified
Wayzata, MN 55391
Making the decision to make a change and begin therapy is often filled with various emotions ranging from excitement and joy to fear and anxiety. In addition, navigating which therapist to choose in a fallen world can be confusing and frustrating. Like you, I faced adversity in my life and decided to make a change. By God's love and grace, I have been able to heal from my past, make changes, and live a life filled with meaning and purpose in serving Jesus. I believe you can not give what you do not have. For this reason, I am here to be a vessel for God to work. My hope is God will do for you what he has done for me.
Making the decision to make a change and begin therapy is often filled with various emotions ranging from excitement and joy to fear and anxiety. In addition, navigating which therapist to choose in a fallen world can be confusing and frustrating. Like you, I faced adversity in my life and decided to make a change. By God's love and grace, I have been able to heal from my past, make changes, and live a life filled with meaning and purpose in serving Jesus. I believe you can not give what you do not have. For this reason, I am here to be a vessel for God to work. My hope is God will do for you what he has done for me.
(763) 335-1420 View (763) 335-1420
Photo of Hannah Holwell - Lakes Counseling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lakes Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Wayzata, MN 55391
Lakes Counseling is here for you. It is our goal to serve your unique needs and find the therapist who is right for you. We are a premier counseling service in Wayzata, MN of professionally licensed clinicians providing multiple types of counseling services. Our services include Couples Counseling, Individual Counseling, Family Counseling.
Lakes Counseling is here for you. It is our goal to serve your unique needs and find the therapist who is right for you. We are a premier counseling service in Wayzata, MN of professionally licensed clinicians providing multiple types of counseling services. Our services include Couples Counseling, Individual Counseling, Family Counseling.
(612) 470-9297 View (612) 470-9297
Photo of Megan Bjorklund, MA, LPCC, Counselor
Megan Bjorklund
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Wayzata, MN 55391
Waitlist for new clients
Let's get to it. I'm here to help you facilitate big changes in your life. I specialize in working with trauma, meaning that from session one I will work with you to understand how current problems may stem from past experiences. I live for sessions where clients say “that makes so much sense!” Right away I will be transparent about what course of treatment may be helpful for you and what approaches or goals I believe could be helpful. I strive to instill hope and forward movement from our very first encounter.
Let's get to it. I'm here to help you facilitate big changes in your life. I specialize in working with trauma, meaning that from session one I will work with you to understand how current problems may stem from past experiences. I live for sessions where clients say “that makes so much sense!” Right away I will be transparent about what course of treatment may be helpful for you and what approaches or goals I believe could be helpful. I strive to instill hope and forward movement from our very first encounter.
(763) 878-8735 View (763) 878-8735
Photo of Jennie Pogreba, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennie Pogreba
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Wayzata, MN 55391
Do you find yourself struggling with a difficult chapter in your life which may include stress, grief, loss, life transitions, anxiety, depression, or general discontentment? The stories of our lives can contain some chapters that are more difficult than others. At Empowering You, clients will be provided a compassionate, supportive space to process their stressors, assistance with uncovering innate strengths, along with education and tools to manage symptoms. My goal is to assist clients with finding increased empowerment, joy, insight, resiliency, and confidence.
Do you find yourself struggling with a difficult chapter in your life which may include stress, grief, loss, life transitions, anxiety, depression, or general discontentment? The stories of our lives can contain some chapters that are more difficult than others. At Empowering You, clients will be provided a compassionate, supportive space to process their stressors, assistance with uncovering innate strengths, along with education and tools to manage symptoms. My goal is to assist clients with finding increased empowerment, joy, insight, resiliency, and confidence.
(763) 710-2992 View (763) 710-2992
Photo of Melissa Patterson, MA, LPCC, LADC, LSC
Melissa Patterson
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC, LADC, LSC
Verified Verified
Wayzata, MN 55391
SPECIALIZING IN YOUTH AND FAMILIES DEALING WITH ADDICTION! Transitions in life are a very vulnerable time where we have the potential to struggle and get stuck in our thoughts and relationships. Let me partner with you or your child to develop more beneficial thoughts that empower changes that create deeper connections. I work with youth experiencing trauma and social issues learn how to build connections with themselves and others. Through this process I will also use CBT, Mindfulness, Strength based, and Motivational interviewing to develop a healthier mind and body.
SPECIALIZING IN YOUTH AND FAMILIES DEALING WITH ADDICTION! Transitions in life are a very vulnerable time where we have the potential to struggle and get stuck in our thoughts and relationships. Let me partner with you or your child to develop more beneficial thoughts that empower changes that create deeper connections. I work with youth experiencing trauma and social issues learn how to build connections with themselves and others. Through this process I will also use CBT, Mindfulness, Strength based, and Motivational interviewing to develop a healthier mind and body.
(833) 744-1379 View (833) 744-1379
Photo of Megan Callahan, PhD, Psychologist
Megan Callahan
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Wayzata, MN 55391
Starting counseling is a great choice when you feel stressed, down, anxious, overwhelmed, or frustrated. You deserve to feel excited about your life! In therapy, I work with clients to help them learn new ways of handling stress and emotions, managing difficult changes, and working toward lasting growth. I am eclectic in my approach to therapy, blending humanistic, cognitive-behavioral, and emotion-focused techniques. Therapy is not one-size-fits-all!
Starting counseling is a great choice when you feel stressed, down, anxious, overwhelmed, or frustrated. You deserve to feel excited about your life! In therapy, I work with clients to help them learn new ways of handling stress and emotions, managing difficult changes, and working toward lasting growth. I am eclectic in my approach to therapy, blending humanistic, cognitive-behavioral, and emotion-focused techniques. Therapy is not one-size-fits-all!
(763) 363-1870 View (763) 363-1870
Photo of Tracy Bailey - Believe to Succeed Therapy LLC – Tracy Bailey LPC, LPC, Counselor
Believe to Succeed Therapy LLC – Tracy Bailey LPC
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Wayzata, MN 55391  (Online Only)
Overthinking? You can't seem to quiet all the thoughts in your head. You keep replaying different scenarios. You analyze what you could have done differently. Some days you can barely get out of bed. The guilt is eating you up inside. You feel isolated and lonely and it's hard to face anyone. You feel unsatisfied in your relationships. There is so much you need to get done but you feel stuck and unmotivated. You lie awake at night overthinking. You wake up feeling hopeless, unsure how you can get through the day. I know how you feel and I can help you get immediate relief.
Overthinking? You can't seem to quiet all the thoughts in your head. You keep replaying different scenarios. You analyze what you could have done differently. Some days you can barely get out of bed. The guilt is eating you up inside. You feel isolated and lonely and it's hard to face anyone. You feel unsatisfied in your relationships. There is so much you need to get done but you feel stuck and unmotivated. You lie awake at night overthinking. You wake up feeling hopeless, unsure how you can get through the day. I know how you feel and I can help you get immediate relief.
(352) 641-3814 View (352) 641-3814
Photo of Brooke Carlson, MA, LPCC, Counselor
Brooke Carlson
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Wayzata, MN 55391
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! I'm a licensed professional clinical counselor who independently contracts at Wholehearted Healing LLC. I work with those that have eating disorders, disordered eating, body image concerns, anxiety, depression and life changes. I typically work with ages 14 years old and up and welcome anyone and everyone in session to be their authentic selves without any judgment. I’m passionate about helping people make positive changes to live their best life for the present moment and for the future.
Welcome! I'm a licensed professional clinical counselor who independently contracts at Wholehearted Healing LLC. I work with those that have eating disorders, disordered eating, body image concerns, anxiety, depression and life changes. I typically work with ages 14 years old and up and welcome anyone and everyone in session to be their authentic selves without any judgment. I’m passionate about helping people make positive changes to live their best life for the present moment and for the future.
(763) 363-4054 View (763) 363-4054
Photo of Ben Stewart, MA, LPC, LADC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ben Stewart
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LADC
Verified Verified
Wayzata, MN 55391
Thank you for taking the time to review my profile and congratulations for taking a step toward improving your health and well-being! Are you struggling with symptoms of anxiety, depression, or some other mental health issue? Failing to escape the uncompromising grasp of addiction despite your best efforts? Lacking the healthy skills and effective strategies to successfully manage the demands of daily life? If you want to improve the quality of your life, but don't know how or where to begin the process, I welcome the opportunity to help you put an end to your struggles and discover a better path forward.
Thank you for taking the time to review my profile and congratulations for taking a step toward improving your health and well-being! Are you struggling with symptoms of anxiety, depression, or some other mental health issue? Failing to escape the uncompromising grasp of addiction despite your best efforts? Lacking the healthy skills and effective strategies to successfully manage the demands of daily life? If you want to improve the quality of your life, but don't know how or where to begin the process, I welcome the opportunity to help you put an end to your struggles and discover a better path forward.
(952) 260-7991 View (952) 260-7991
Photo of Susan Davis - Choices Psychotherapy, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Choices Psychotherapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Wayzata, MN 55391
Choices Psychotherapy offers psychotherapy and psychiatry services for adults and children located throughout the Twin Cities. We're located in St. Louis Park and Chanhassen. Established in 1993 by Susan Davis, LICSW, Choices Psychotherapy has grown into a thriving mental health practice offering a diverse clinical team of Masters & Doctorate level therapists along with Psychiatrists who provide comprehensive therapeutic services for a multitude of concerns to clients from age 5 to senior adults. Two of our psychiatrists specializes in working with children & adolescents while the other three work with adults from age 18.
Choices Psychotherapy offers psychotherapy and psychiatry services for adults and children located throughout the Twin Cities. We're located in St. Louis Park and Chanhassen. Established in 1993 by Susan Davis, LICSW, Choices Psychotherapy has grown into a thriving mental health practice offering a diverse clinical team of Masters & Doctorate level therapists along with Psychiatrists who provide comprehensive therapeutic services for a multitude of concerns to clients from age 5 to senior adults. Two of our psychiatrists specializes in working with children & adolescents while the other three work with adults from age 18.
(952) 314-5535 View (952) 314-5535
Photo of Alison Raman Certified Eating Disorders Specialist, MA, LPCC, CEDS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Alison Raman Certified Eating Disorders Specialist
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC, CEDS
Verified Verified
Wayzata, MN 55391
Healing immensely personal, often secret and shameful struggles with body hate, bingeing, purging, restricting, and other related behaviors takes courage and commitment. You may want to change, or have begun the recovery process, but also feel ambivalent and fearful about how and what it means to recover. If this resonates, you are not alone. Recovery is possible and finding peace with food, mind, and body is worth the arduous journey-whether this is your first attempt at treatment or you have completed multiple treatments. I also help caregivers in their role supporting a loved one with an eating disorder.
Healing immensely personal, often secret and shameful struggles with body hate, bingeing, purging, restricting, and other related behaviors takes courage and commitment. You may want to change, or have begun the recovery process, but also feel ambivalent and fearful about how and what it means to recover. If this resonates, you are not alone. Recovery is possible and finding peace with food, mind, and body is worth the arduous journey-whether this is your first attempt at treatment or you have completed multiple treatments. I also help caregivers in their role supporting a loved one with an eating disorder.
(612) 453-2291 View (612) 453-2291
1
Dialectical Behavior (DBT) Therapists

Who is DBT for?

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is designed for people who experience extreme emotional suffering because they lack the skills of emotion regulation and distress tolerance. The basic affliction can underlie a wide range of conditions, from borderline and other personality disorders to PTSD and treatment-resistant anxiety and depression. The therapy is helpful to those whose emotional reactivity is so intense it is disruptive to everyday functioning and leads to frequent crises.

Why do people need DBT?

The ability to regulate emotions is a core psychological skill that enables people to function in life and pay attention to the world outside themselves; it is consistently associated with well-being. DBT is designed to help people learn how to manage and regulate their emotions. Originally developed to treat people with borderline personality disorder whose extreme emotional suffering led to self-harming behavior and suicide attempts, the therapy is now applied to other conditions involving emotion dysregulation, particularly when other treatments have failed.

What happens in DBT?

Individuals meet weekly with their therapist to discuss their experiences relating to moods, behavior, and skills. Using checklists they maintain, they review emotional experiences and positive practices they engage in. The diaries help individuals discern what led up to a specific problem encountered, this is followed by discussion of the consequences of their actions. In addition, individuals may meet in class-like small groups to learn skills such as mindfulness, emotion regulation and distress tolerance.

How long does DBT last?

Because it is intended to establish long-lasting behavioral change among those with persistent problems, DBT is designed to last six months to a year. DBT includes both weekly sessions of individual therapy and weekly skills-training sessions conducted in small groups. Studies of DBT have documented improvement within a year of treatment, particularly in controlling self-harmful behavior; nevertheless, individuals may require therapy for several years.