Depression Therapists in Excelsior, MN

Photo of Alison Raman Certified Eating Disorders Specialist, MA, LPCC, CEDS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Alison Raman Certified Eating Disorders Specialist
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC, CEDS
Verified Verified
Excelsior, MN 55331
I specialize helping individuals recover from eating disorders, body image dissatisfaction, addictive exercise and related mental health concerns such as trauma, OCD, anxiety and depression.
Healing immensely personal, often secret and shameful struggles with body hate, bingeing, purging, restricting, and other related behaviors takes courage and commitment. You may want to change, or have begun the recovery process, but also feel ambivalent and fearful about how and what it means to recover. If this resonates, you are not alone. Recovery is possible and finding peace with food, mind, and body is worth the arduous journey-whether this is your first attempt at treatment or you have completed multiple treatments. I also help caregivers in their role supporting a loved one with an eating disorder.
I specialize helping individuals recover from eating disorders, body image dissatisfaction, addictive exercise and related mental health concerns such as trauma, OCD, anxiety and depression.
Healing immensely personal, often secret and shameful struggles with body hate, bingeing, purging, restricting, and other related behaviors takes courage and commitment. You may want to change, or have begun the recovery process, but also feel ambivalent and fearful about how and what it means to recover. If this resonates, you are not alone. Recovery is possible and finding peace with food, mind, and body is worth the arduous journey-whether this is your first attempt at treatment or you have completed multiple treatments. I also help caregivers in their role supporting a loved one with an eating disorder.
(612) 453-2291 View (612) 453-2291
Photo of Cynthia Gill, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Cynthia Gill
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Excelsior, MN 55331
A client who comes to me with honesty, is willing to work towards their goals is an ideal client. Anxiety, trauma, depression and family problems are problems that I treat with skill and sensitivity. Parents who need help parenting, children who suffer from a trauma, teens who are depressed and stressed out, couples who can't figure out why they are fighting so much when they really love each other, wives who struggle with low self esteem, people of any age who are very lonely, all need someone to help them sort out their challenges. "We are all just trying to do life!" That often that means asking for help.
A client who comes to me with honesty, is willing to work towards their goals is an ideal client. Anxiety, trauma, depression and family problems are problems that I treat with skill and sensitivity. Parents who need help parenting, children who suffer from a trauma, teens who are depressed and stressed out, couples who can't figure out why they are fighting so much when they really love each other, wives who struggle with low self esteem, people of any age who are very lonely, all need someone to help them sort out their challenges. "We are all just trying to do life!" That often that means asking for help.
(952) 213-4482 View (952) 213-4482
Photo of Nicole Lovald, MS, LAMFT, RYT500
Nicole Lovald
MS, LAMFT, RYT500
Verified Verified
Excelsior, MN 55331
Currently accepting new clients: Individuals, adolescents, couples and families! If you are looking for a compassionate therapist to support you in your healing and happiness, you have come to the right place. Using a holistic approach to overall health and well-being, I assist client's in doing the work necessary to feel better. Some of my specialties include stress management, anxiety, depression, trauma, parenting, pain management, chronic health conditions, relationships, veterans/military families and first responders.
Currently accepting new clients: Individuals, adolescents, couples and families! If you are looking for a compassionate therapist to support you in your healing and happiness, you have come to the right place. Using a holistic approach to overall health and well-being, I assist client's in doing the work necessary to feel better. Some of my specialties include stress management, anxiety, depression, trauma, parenting, pain management, chronic health conditions, relationships, veterans/military families and first responders.
(763) 296-7490 View (763) 296-7490
Photo of Ina Lasmane, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Ina Lasmane
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Excelsior, MN 55331  (Online Only)
I feel passionate about helping people with trauma, anxiety, and depression to feel happiness and joy again. Do you have nightmares and flashbacks? Do you struggle with worry, stress, and panic? Do you experience sadness and isolation? Or are you grieving a loved one? If so, let me help you. You don’t have to do this alone. Together we will work as a team to create a positive change. Mental health professionals, healthcare professionals, first responders, police officers, firefighters, EMTs, paramedics, and other first responders are welcome.
I feel passionate about helping people with trauma, anxiety, and depression to feel happiness and joy again. Do you have nightmares and flashbacks? Do you struggle with worry, stress, and panic? Do you experience sadness and isolation? Or are you grieving a loved one? If so, let me help you. You don’t have to do this alone. Together we will work as a team to create a positive change. Mental health professionals, healthcare professionals, first responders, police officers, firefighters, EMTs, paramedics, and other first responders are welcome.
(612) 559-8704 View (612) 559-8704
Photo of Clare N Buntrock, PhD, LP, Psychologist
Clare N Buntrock
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Excelsior, MN 55331
People don't come for therapy until symptoms, like depression and anxiety are causing great sufferring.
Psychotherapy is simply a conversation designed to help you understand yourself more completely. Rather than providing answers, it helps you identify what is interfering with your ability to live in a satisfying way. I have helped people sufferring from depression, anxiety, and relationship problems - even when previous attempts at treatment have failed. Meaningful change is possible in an environment of mutual respect and safety, where you can tell your own story at your own pace. I work with both individuals and couples.
People don't come for therapy until symptoms, like depression and anxiety are causing great sufferring.
Psychotherapy is simply a conversation designed to help you understand yourself more completely. Rather than providing answers, it helps you identify what is interfering with your ability to live in a satisfying way. I have helped people sufferring from depression, anxiety, and relationship problems - even when previous attempts at treatment have failed. Meaningful change is possible in an environment of mutual respect and safety, where you can tell your own story at your own pace. I work with both individuals and couples.
(952) 800-9173 View (952) 800-9173
Photo of Jennie Pogreba, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennie Pogreba
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Excelsior, MN 55331
Do you find yourself struggling with a difficult chapter in your life which may include stress, grief, loss, life transitions, anxiety, depression, or general discontentment? The stories of our lives can contain some chapters that are more difficult than others. At Empowering You, clients will be provided a compassionate, supportive space to process their stressors, assistance with uncovering innate strengths, along with education and tools to manage symptoms. My goal is to assist clients with finding increased empowerment, joy, insight, resiliency, and confidence.
Do you find yourself struggling with a difficult chapter in your life which may include stress, grief, loss, life transitions, anxiety, depression, or general discontentment? The stories of our lives can contain some chapters that are more difficult than others. At Empowering You, clients will be provided a compassionate, supportive space to process their stressors, assistance with uncovering innate strengths, along with education and tools to manage symptoms. My goal is to assist clients with finding increased empowerment, joy, insight, resiliency, and confidence.
(763) 710-2992 View (763) 710-2992
Photo of Taryn Ignaszewski, LICSW , Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Taryn Ignaszewski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Excelsior, MN 55331
I have significant experience facilitating Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) for adults living with personality disorders as well as adolescents struggling with mood disorders and self-harm behaviors. I enjoy working with adolescents to effectively manage depression and anxiety symptoms, irritability, reactivity, relational stressors, communication issues, grief and loss, and self-esteem issues. I also like teaching skills and strategies to their parents and caregivers to they can feel resourced when supporting their young loved one outside of therapy.
I have significant experience facilitating Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) for adults living with personality disorders as well as adolescents struggling with mood disorders and self-harm behaviors. I enjoy working with adolescents to effectively manage depression and anxiety symptoms, irritability, reactivity, relational stressors, communication issues, grief and loss, and self-esteem issues. I also like teaching skills and strategies to their parents and caregivers to they can feel resourced when supporting their young loved one outside of therapy.
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Photo of Melissa Erickson, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Melissa Erickson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Excelsior, MN 55331
I specialize in working with clients 9 - 65+ years old. Clinical expertise includes 20+ years of experience working with clients who have concerns related to: grief & bereavement, depression, anxiety, trauma, domestic abuse, relationship conflict, family conflict due to: separation or divorce, parenting issues, boundaries, unemployment & financial problems, illness or disability of a family member, taking on a caretaker role for a child, and/or parent, or both. Sudden death, long term illness of a family member, and dealing with mental illness within the family system.
I specialize in working with clients 9 - 65+ years old. Clinical expertise includes 20+ years of experience working with clients who have concerns related to: grief & bereavement, depression, anxiety, trauma, domestic abuse, relationship conflict, family conflict due to: separation or divorce, parenting issues, boundaries, unemployment & financial problems, illness or disability of a family member, taking on a caretaker role for a child, and/or parent, or both. Sudden death, long term illness of a family member, and dealing with mental illness within the family system.
(763) 284-8698 View (763) 284-8698
Photo of Debbie Locketz, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Debbie Locketz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Excelsior, MN 55331  (Online Only)
I specialize in working with adults struggling with anxiety, depression, times of transition, and low self esteem.
Do you feel overwhelmed and nervous about events or decisions you make? Are you someone who works really hard , but still finds yourself struggling, feeling anxious about daily tasks, and often is very hard on yourself. You may not understand why you feel the way you do. You may not even remember a time you didn’t feel like this. Either way, one thing is for sure: you’re ready to make a change . You’re ready to gain deeper insight into yourself and your past experiences. Most of all, you’re ready to start creating new patterns in your life. I want to help you get there.
I specialize in working with adults struggling with anxiety, depression, times of transition, and low self esteem.
Do you feel overwhelmed and nervous about events or decisions you make? Are you someone who works really hard , but still finds yourself struggling, feeling anxious about daily tasks, and often is very hard on yourself. You may not understand why you feel the way you do. You may not even remember a time you didn’t feel like this. Either way, one thing is for sure: you’re ready to make a change . You’re ready to gain deeper insight into yourself and your past experiences. Most of all, you’re ready to start creating new patterns in your life. I want to help you get there.
(952) 900-3266 View (952) 900-3266
Photo of Sarah Edwards - Edwards & Associates PLLC, PhD, LP, Psychologist
Edwards & Associates PLLC
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Excelsior, MN 55331  (Online Only)
Have you experienced emotional, physical, or sexual boundary violations in childhood and now have troubles with a range of issues like establishing lasting relationships and trust, strong and changing emotions or emotional numbness and dissocitation, troubles with sexual intimacy, anxiety or depression? I specialize in working with people with a history of complex trauma, family trauma, developmental trauma, or childhood abuse. Particularly when abuse happens earlier in life or repeatedly, those suffering may develop various symptoms, including depression, anxiety, low self esteem, self harm, eating disorders, and anger issues
Have you experienced emotional, physical, or sexual boundary violations in childhood and now have troubles with a range of issues like establishing lasting relationships and trust, strong and changing emotions or emotional numbness and dissocitation, troubles with sexual intimacy, anxiety or depression? I specialize in working with people with a history of complex trauma, family trauma, developmental trauma, or childhood abuse. Particularly when abuse happens earlier in life or repeatedly, those suffering may develop various symptoms, including depression, anxiety, low self esteem, self harm, eating disorders, and anger issues
(218) 522-8659 View (218) 522-8659
Photo of Melissa Bolger, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Melissa Bolger
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Excelsior, MN 55331
You are in the right place if you are seeking to show up more authentically in your life, sort through conflict, or improve your relationships! I will work with you to deepen your understanding of challenges you may be experiencing, learn new skills for dealing with difficulties, and ultimately find a path forward creating change and finding acceptance when needed. I am honored to work with many folks through experiences with: identity exploration, conflict, divorce, life changes, trauma, anxiety, depression, and difficult family dynamics. I see teens, parents, couples, families, and LGBTQ+ identified folks.
You are in the right place if you are seeking to show up more authentically in your life, sort through conflict, or improve your relationships! I will work with you to deepen your understanding of challenges you may be experiencing, learn new skills for dealing with difficulties, and ultimately find a path forward creating change and finding acceptance when needed. I am honored to work with many folks through experiences with: identity exploration, conflict, divorce, life changes, trauma, anxiety, depression, and difficult family dynamics. I see teens, parents, couples, families, and LGBTQ+ identified folks.
(612) 887-2176 View (612) 887-2176
Photo of Brian Borre, MA, LMFT, LADC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Brian Borre
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LADC
Verified Verified
Excelsior, MN 55331  (Online Only)
I work with men that are having difficulty managing their alcohol use, couples struggling with communication, infidelity, and conflict. I also support individuals cope with anxiety, depression, loss, and complex trauma. Thank you for taking a moment to read further and consider reaching out to begin the process of change. Having worked at Hazelden Betty Ford Foundation with individuals and in the Family Program, as well as years helping couples reconnect in private practice; I have developed a unique skillset to help expedite healing and growth.
I work with men that are having difficulty managing their alcohol use, couples struggling with communication, infidelity, and conflict. I also support individuals cope with anxiety, depression, loss, and complex trauma. Thank you for taking a moment to read further and consider reaching out to begin the process of change. Having worked at Hazelden Betty Ford Foundation with individuals and in the Family Program, as well as years helping couples reconnect in private practice; I have developed a unique skillset to help expedite healing and growth.
(612) 260-5396 View (612) 260-5396
Photo of Andy Huys, MA, LPCC, LADC, Counselor
Andy Huys
Counselor, MA, LPCC, LADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Excelsior, MN 55331
Self-exploration, improved awareness, and personal empowerment are key elements for setting goals and making healthy changes. I use various clinical approaches during therapy, depending on the needs and goals of each client. I enjoy combining a client-centered approach with solution-focused strategies to help build resiliency. This foundation provides direction for therapeutic goals and promotes creative collaboration between us. I'm described as having high empathy, compassion, a good sense of humor, and a relaxed style. Please contact me for a consultation to discuss your needs and concerns.
Self-exploration, improved awareness, and personal empowerment are key elements for setting goals and making healthy changes. I use various clinical approaches during therapy, depending on the needs and goals of each client. I enjoy combining a client-centered approach with solution-focused strategies to help build resiliency. This foundation provides direction for therapeutic goals and promotes creative collaboration between us. I'm described as having high empathy, compassion, a good sense of humor, and a relaxed style. Please contact me for a consultation to discuss your needs and concerns.
(763) 373-9099 View (763) 373-9099
Photo of Sunitha Rachel Chandy, PsyD, Psychologist
Sunitha Rachel Chandy
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Excelsior, MN 55331
Pursing emotional and behavioral health isn't just meant to improve our lives, it's meant to change how we function in the world. The changes we make can spark change in our relationships, jobs, families and community. If only change was easy! Change often comes during times of pressure and struggle. Therapy is a tool to help you address these barriers head on and unearth skills and strengths need to help you meet your goals and thrive.
Pursing emotional and behavioral health isn't just meant to improve our lives, it's meant to change how we function in the world. The changes we make can spark change in our relationships, jobs, families and community. If only change was easy! Change often comes during times of pressure and struggle. Therapy is a tool to help you address these barriers head on and unearth skills and strengths need to help you meet your goals and thrive.
(773) 839-4606 View (773) 839-4606
Photo of Ben Tudor, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Ben Tudor
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Excelsior, MN 55331  (Online Only)
If there is one thing I have learned as a therapist, it is reflected in this quote by Carl Rogers: “What is most personal is most universal”. We all hurt. We are all insecure. You are not alone. Though I believe we are more alike than different, not everyone’s therapy experience should be the same. Together, we would create a personalized therapy experience that suits your conversation style, personality, needs, pace. My job is to offer reframes and counterpoints, and sometimes challenge you. Therapy can be hard, but we can also have fun. I use humor to work through hard sh-t and I use hope as the engine to move you forward.
If there is one thing I have learned as a therapist, it is reflected in this quote by Carl Rogers: “What is most personal is most universal”. We all hurt. We are all insecure. You are not alone. Though I believe we are more alike than different, not everyone’s therapy experience should be the same. Together, we would create a personalized therapy experience that suits your conversation style, personality, needs, pace. My job is to offer reframes and counterpoints, and sometimes challenge you. Therapy can be hard, but we can also have fun. I use humor to work through hard sh-t and I use hope as the engine to move you forward.
(773) 839-3303 View (773) 839-3303
Photo of Anthony Todd Nichols, PhD, LP, Psychologist
Anthony Todd Nichols
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Excelsior, MN 55331
Do you feel upset, irritable, or downright angry at times? Are you looking for help changing the way you act in certain situations? Would you like to be more loving in relationships, to be the partner or parent you aspire to? I can help you identify and resolve issues that are interfering with your ability to accomplish your goals. I specialize in Attachment Therapy and Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Firmly rooted in Christian values, I serve individuals from all walks of life in a non-judgmental fashion.
Do you feel upset, irritable, or downright angry at times? Are you looking for help changing the way you act in certain situations? Would you like to be more loving in relationships, to be the partner or parent you aspire to? I can help you identify and resolve issues that are interfering with your ability to accomplish your goals. I specialize in Attachment Therapy and Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Firmly rooted in Christian values, I serve individuals from all walks of life in a non-judgmental fashion.
(952) 479-4780 View (952) 479-4780
Photo of Stefanie Rose, MA, LMFT, SEP, Marriage & Family Therapist
Stefanie Rose
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, SEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Excelsior, MN 55331
Do you sometimes think that others seem to be "normal" or have the "perfect life" or that something is wrong with you? Do you have trouble shutting your mind off from stressful thoughts or upsetting memories? Has it been a while since you remember feeling excited about life or passion in your marriage? You are not alone.
Do you sometimes think that others seem to be "normal" or have the "perfect life" or that something is wrong with you? Do you have trouble shutting your mind off from stressful thoughts or upsetting memories? Has it been a while since you remember feeling excited about life or passion in your marriage? You are not alone.
(952) 592-1586 View (952) 592-1586
Photo of Brianna D. Mann, PhD
Brianna D. Mann
PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Excelsior, MN 55331  (Online Only)
You plan your life around your bathroom breaks, around where you can find safe places to go. You avoid pretty much anything that involves being away from home so long that you’ll need to use a public restroom. When you do try to go in public, you usually psych yourself out. Your world has gotten pretty small and you’re missing out on a lot of things you would enjoy, if it weren’t for the public bathroom factor. You’ve lived in shame and secrecy, feeling like an outsider, for years. You’ve tried to find help but no one seems to even know Paruresis is, let alone know how to treat it. You are at a breaking point and know you need help.
You plan your life around your bathroom breaks, around where you can find safe places to go. You avoid pretty much anything that involves being away from home so long that you’ll need to use a public restroom. When you do try to go in public, you usually psych yourself out. Your world has gotten pretty small and you’re missing out on a lot of things you would enjoy, if it weren’t for the public bathroom factor. You’ve lived in shame and secrecy, feeling like an outsider, for years. You’ve tried to find help but no one seems to even know Paruresis is, let alone know how to treat it. You are at a breaking point and know you need help.
(952) 679-7127 View (952) 679-7127
Photo of Janna (Schriber) Mason, MS, LPCC, NCC
Janna (Schriber) Mason
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MS, LPCC, NCC
Verified Verified
Excelsior, MN 55331  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Grief is ever-present within our lives. Whether it’s an abrupt shift in our daily routine, a noticeable difference within ourselves, or a transition of our career, we experience it. We feel it after a change in our relationship, the loss of a pet, or, a heartbreaking death of a loved one. All change results in loss of some sort, and that which accompanies it, is grief. Grief can leave us feeling stuck, overwhelmed, and scared. We feel exposed and vulnerable. We begin to question ourselves and the world we are in. Whatever your grief, know that I will honor it with attuned presence.
Grief is ever-present within our lives. Whether it’s an abrupt shift in our daily routine, a noticeable difference within ourselves, or a transition of our career, we experience it. We feel it after a change in our relationship, the loss of a pet, or, a heartbreaking death of a loved one. All change results in loss of some sort, and that which accompanies it, is grief. Grief can leave us feeling stuck, overwhelmed, and scared. We feel exposed and vulnerable. We begin to question ourselves and the world we are in. Whatever your grief, know that I will honor it with attuned presence.
(952) 260-2552 View (952) 260-2552
Photo of Michelle Finley, MA, LMFT, DMFTABD, Marriage & Family Therapist
Michelle Finley
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, DMFTABD
Verified Verified
Excelsior, MN 55331
Have you lost someone or something that is important to you? Is life presenting you with changes that are difficult to navigate? Are relationships difficult? Has your past created difficulties that you just can't seem to separate from? Do you feel overwhelmed by the pressure to raise perfect kids and meet the needs of everyone around you?  Does your family need help? Are you a helper or therapist and need your own support? I am here, to connect with you and help you feel better.
Have you lost someone or something that is important to you? Is life presenting you with changes that are difficult to navigate? Are relationships difficult? Has your past created difficulties that you just can't seem to separate from? Do you feel overwhelmed by the pressure to raise perfect kids and meet the needs of everyone around you?  Does your family need help? Are you a helper or therapist and need your own support? I am here, to connect with you and help you feel better.
(763) 600-1315 View (763) 600-1315
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Depression Therapists

What is the goal of therapy for depression?

Therapy for depression has several major goals. One is to relieve the mental pain of depression, which distorts feeling and thinking so that sufferers cannot see beyond their current state of mind or envision feeling better. Another is to give people the mental tools to recognize and correct the kinds of distorted thinking that turn a problem into a catastrophe and lead to despair. Therapy also teaches people how to process negative emotions in constructive ways, so they have more control over their own emotional reactivity. And it helps people regain the ability to see themselves positively, the motivation to do things, and the capacity for pleasure.

What happens in therapy for depression?

Perhaps most important, no matter the type of therapy, patients form an alliance with the therapist; that connection is therapeutic in itself, plus it becomes an instrument of change. Patients learn to identify and to challenge their own erroneous beliefs and thoughts that amplify the effects of negative experiences. They learn to identify situations in which they are especially vulnerable. And they learn new patterns of thinking and behaving. They may be given “homework” assignments in which they practice their developing skills. In addition, good therapists regularly monitor patients to assess whether and how much the condition is improving.

What therapy types help with depression?

Several types of short-term therapy have been found effective, each targeting one or more areas of dysfunction. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps clients challenge their negative thoughts and beliefs, learn new behavioral strategies, and curb reactivity to distressing situations. Behavioral activation (BA) is a form of therapy often used in conjunction with CBT; it focuses on engagement in rewarding activity as a pathway to changing negative feelings and disturbed mood. Another widely used approach is interpersonal therapy (IPT), which targets the social difficulties that both give rise to and get exacerbated by depression. Therapists may combine approaches as needed.

Can therapy for depression be done online?

Studies have found that online therapy can be highly effective for treating depression, although it may be more challenging to build a good therapist-patient alliance on screen than in person—at least at first. However, online therapy can offer considerable advantages. Accessibility and convenience are tops among them. Some people actually find it easier to talk about problems online than in person. While online therapy typically limits visibility of facial expression and body gestures that give important nonverbal cues to a patient’s state of mind, it can give therapists a glimpse into a patient’s world and life, providing information that can be highly useful in guiding therapy.

How effective is therapy for depression?

Many studies show that therapy is highly effective provided that patients complete the prescribed course of therapy, commonly 16 to 20 sessions. Over the long term, it is more effective than medication and the effects are more enduring. As a result, psychotherapy has the power not just to relieve current suffering but to prevent future episodes of the disorder. Therapy reverses the dysfunction in neural circuitry that disposes individuals to a negative view of themselves, the world, and their future and they acquire coping techniques, problem-solving skills, and understanding of their own vulnerabilities that are useful over the course of a lifetime.