Therapists in Duluth, MN

Photo of Katie Erickson, MA, LPCC, NBCC, Counselor
Katie Erickson
Counselor, MA, LPCC, NBCC
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
"Tomorrow, you promise yourself, will be different, yet, tomorrow is too often a repetition of today." James T. Mccay. Research has repeatedly shown that the single largest factor impacting treatment outcomes is not a provider's treatment methodology or theoretical orientation, but rather the quality of a client's relationship with their individual provider. Consequently I work with each client to design a carefully researched yet highly customized program that fits their unique needs. I am able to form a realistic plan for improving their life situation that brings about improvement in their symptoms quickly.
"Tomorrow, you promise yourself, will be different, yet, tomorrow is too often a repetition of today." James T. Mccay. Research has repeatedly shown that the single largest factor impacting treatment outcomes is not a provider's treatment methodology or theoretical orientation, but rather the quality of a client's relationship with their individual provider. Consequently I work with each client to design a carefully researched yet highly customized program that fits their unique needs. I am able to form a realistic plan for improving their life situation that brings about improvement in their symptoms quickly.
(218) 321-4661 View (218) 321-4661
Photo of Conor Lund, LPCC, ATR-P
Conor Lund
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, ATR-P
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55811
I work with clients by offering psychotherapy integrated with art-making and/or evidence-based practices (CBT, DBT, Solution Focused, Narrative Therapy, and Mindfulness). Together, we creatively explore your feelings, thoughts, relationships, and set goals. Treatment can address: anxiety, depression, grief, PTSD, relationships, or other stress-related issues. Past traumas and adverse events create negative self-beliefs that are maladaptive and impact each of us presently. Through a non-judgmental and compassionate lens, I hope to work with you and begin the process of healing creatively.
I work with clients by offering psychotherapy integrated with art-making and/or evidence-based practices (CBT, DBT, Solution Focused, Narrative Therapy, and Mindfulness). Together, we creatively explore your feelings, thoughts, relationships, and set goals. Treatment can address: anxiety, depression, grief, PTSD, relationships, or other stress-related issues. Past traumas and adverse events create negative self-beliefs that are maladaptive and impact each of us presently. Through a non-judgmental and compassionate lens, I hope to work with you and begin the process of healing creatively.
(218) 452-5247 View (218) 452-5247
Photo of Dustin Holden, MA, LMFT, CST, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dustin Holden
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CST
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
Congratulations for trusting yourself enough to explore ways to make your life easier! This is what my work is all about-helping you make your life easier. We all deserve to feel fulfilled and happy in our lives. If you're not able to do this on your own right now, please call to see if I'm the right fit for you.
Congratulations for trusting yourself enough to explore ways to make your life easier! This is what my work is all about-helping you make your life easier. We all deserve to feel fulfilled and happy in our lives. If you're not able to do this on your own right now, please call to see if I'm the right fit for you.
(218) 722-1920 View (218) 722-1920
Photo of Luke A Tervola, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Luke A Tervola
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55811  (Online Only)
Hi, I'm Luke, and I'm a Therapist and Clinical Social Worker with over a decade of experience as a mental health practitioner. My hope is that you're able to find a good fit for your therapist, as it has been my experience that the qualities found in the therapeutic relationship, including authenticity, validation, understanding, and mutual empathy are some of the essential foundations to the work of healing. I enjoy helping others find both acceptance with themselves and their life experiences, along with working to accomplish the kinds of changes they would like to make in their lives.
Hi, I'm Luke, and I'm a Therapist and Clinical Social Worker with over a decade of experience as a mental health practitioner. My hope is that you're able to find a good fit for your therapist, as it has been my experience that the qualities found in the therapeutic relationship, including authenticity, validation, understanding, and mutual empathy are some of the essential foundations to the work of healing. I enjoy helping others find both acceptance with themselves and their life experiences, along with working to accomplish the kinds of changes they would like to make in their lives.
(218) 438-0734 View (218) 438-0734
Photo of Dr. Robin Allen Williams - Living Hope Counseling & Coaching, LLC, PhD, MSW, BCPCC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Living Hope Counseling & Coaching, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, MSW, BCPCC
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55807
I work hard in providing the kind of therapy that fits the individual in order to get the results that clients desire. I utilize your total life experience together with applying over 35 years of clinical experience to best serve those I work with. I offer a spiritual perspective for those interested including their faith that can make therapy more cost effective and fulfilling. I like to work with people who have come to the end of their ropes, feeling discouraged with previous efforts and ready for change.
I work hard in providing the kind of therapy that fits the individual in order to get the results that clients desire. I utilize your total life experience together with applying over 35 years of clinical experience to best serve those I work with. I offer a spiritual perspective for those interested including their faith that can make therapy more cost effective and fulfilling. I like to work with people who have come to the end of their ropes, feeling discouraged with previous efforts and ready for change.
(218) 894-7360 View (218) 894-7360
Photo of Duluth Counseling Center, Counselor
Duluth Counseling Center
Counselor
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
We offer flexible hours, including night time and weekend appointments. We realize when you are in crisis, you need to be seen as soon as possible. We will work with you to get you in within one week. We will even try to offer you a same or next-day appointments.Today you are one step closer to a new you where you feel empowered and on a positive path to growth and well-being. Our goal is to help you uncover your true potential and lead a life that is worth celebrating.
We offer flexible hours, including night time and weekend appointments. We realize when you are in crisis, you need to be seen as soon as possible. We will work with you to get you in within one week. We will even try to offer you a same or next-day appointments.Today you are one step closer to a new you where you feel empowered and on a positive path to growth and well-being. Our goal is to help you uncover your true potential and lead a life that is worth celebrating.
(218) 325-4835 View (218) 325-4835
Photo of Map Behavioral Health Center - MAP Behavioral Health Center, LPCC, PsyD, LP, LADC, APRN
MAP Behavioral Health Center
LPCC, PsyD, LP, LADC, APRN
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
Immediate Openings Available! Welcome to MAP, a comprehensive mental health center dedicated to providing individual and family counseling, medication management, an ADHD skills program, premarital counseling packages, and psychological services in a warm, welcoming environment.
Immediate Openings Available! Welcome to MAP, a comprehensive mental health center dedicated to providing individual and family counseling, medication management, an ADHD skills program, premarital counseling packages, and psychological services in a warm, welcoming environment.
(218) 935-6052 View (218) 935-6052
Photo of Kristy L Heidenreich, MSEd, LPC-IT, (WI), Counselor
Kristy L Heidenreich
Counselor, MSEd, LPC-IT, (WI)
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
Our world is complex and navigating it can feel overwhelming. The only constant is change and sometimes it can be hard to know what’s next. Is it any surprise that we sometimes get stuck? I work with couples, individuals, and families and help them work through difficult times by creating new paths.
Our world is complex and navigating it can feel overwhelming. The only constant is change and sometimes it can be hard to know what’s next. Is it any surprise that we sometimes get stuck? I work with couples, individuals, and families and help them work through difficult times by creating new paths.
(218) 558-0127 View (218) 558-0127
Photo of Nancy Van Dyken, MSEd, LP, LICSW, Psychologist
Nancy Van Dyken
Psychologist, MSEd, LP, LICSW
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
Most of us are seeking some kind of peace in our lives. At times our lives feel off track. We feel stuck, and hungry for things to be different. I will teach you skills and tools to make the needed changes to create the life you want. I give homework at the end of every session to help change the patterns in life that aren't working. These tools will assist you in reconnecting with your own wisdom, and in guiding you to your own answers. It’s possible to live a life of peace and joy. Since COVID many clients have discovered Telemedicine is a very convient way to engage in therapy without having to leave work or home.
Most of us are seeking some kind of peace in our lives. At times our lives feel off track. We feel stuck, and hungry for things to be different. I will teach you skills and tools to make the needed changes to create the life you want. I give homework at the end of every session to help change the patterns in life that aren't working. These tools will assist you in reconnecting with your own wisdom, and in guiding you to your own answers. It’s possible to live a life of peace and joy. Since COVID many clients have discovered Telemedicine is a very convient way to engage in therapy without having to leave work or home.
(952) 260-8105 x612723 View (952) 260-8105 x612723
Photo of Debbie L Davis, MSEd, LPCC, Counselor
Debbie L Davis
Counselor, MSEd, LPCC
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55811
In my practice, I want to provide a safe and supportive space where individuals can be open in their efforts to make the changes they are seeking. Together we will look at your strengths and goals. I have 30 years of experience working with grief and loss. My other areas of focus are anxiety, stress management, depression, self-esteem and transitional changes in life. My approaches in therapy are Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Client-Centered, Mindfulness, Solution-focused and Narrative. Outside of therapy, I enjoy hiking, walking, hanging at my cabin, reading, art and hanging with my Golden Retrievers, Emma and Mollie.
In my practice, I want to provide a safe and supportive space where individuals can be open in their efforts to make the changes they are seeking. Together we will look at your strengths and goals. I have 30 years of experience working with grief and loss. My other areas of focus are anxiety, stress management, depression, self-esteem and transitional changes in life. My approaches in therapy are Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Client-Centered, Mindfulness, Solution-focused and Narrative. Outside of therapy, I enjoy hiking, walking, hanging at my cabin, reading, art and hanging with my Golden Retrievers, Emma and Mollie.
(218) 219-9598 View (218) 219-9598
Photo of Mara Stommes, LPCC, Counselor
Mara Stommes
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Duluth, MN 55802  (Online Only)
I find that we seek out therapy when what has worked is no longer working and we are feeling stuck, which calls us to understand ourselves differently and move towards change. While change can be uncertain, therapy can offer a deeper understanding of your authentic self and what you need. I have a particular interest in working with individuals experiencing life transitions such as academic and career change, family of origin transitions, family changes, grief and loss, interpersonal distress, trauma and relational concerns. I'm passionate about connecting with teens and adults of all backgrounds and identities.
I find that we seek out therapy when what has worked is no longer working and we are feeling stuck, which calls us to understand ourselves differently and move towards change. While change can be uncertain, therapy can offer a deeper understanding of your authentic self and what you need. I have a particular interest in working with individuals experiencing life transitions such as academic and career change, family of origin transitions, family changes, grief and loss, interpersonal distress, trauma and relational concerns. I'm passionate about connecting with teens and adults of all backgrounds and identities.
(218) 392-9055 View (218) 392-9055
Photo of Claudia French, PhD, LP, Psychologist
Claudia French
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
Not accepting new clients
I am a clinical psychologist with over twenty years of experience in psychotherapy and assessment. I now focus on psychotherapy to assist my clients in discovering their strengths and improving their lives. Therapy modalities are chosen according to my clients' needs, and include psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, mindfulness-based stress reduction, EMDR, play and family therapy.
I am a clinical psychologist with over twenty years of experience in psychotherapy and assessment. I now focus on psychotherapy to assist my clients in discovering their strengths and improving their lives. Therapy modalities are chosen according to my clients' needs, and include psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, mindfulness-based stress reduction, EMDR, play and family therapy.
(218) 646-0305 View (218) 646-0305
Photo of Brooke Fitch-Collins, MA, LPCC, Counselor
Brooke Fitch-Collins
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Duluth, MN 55811
I am a licensed professional clinical counselor in Minnesota and I am also licensed in Wisconsin. I provide a problem-solving and skill-equipping approach with my client’s health and wellness at the center of each session. Clients may come to my office with difficulties of depression, anxiety, relationship challenges, physical health struggles, becoming a new parent, or other life transition struggles. Every therapeutic relationship is unique and I approach therapy through a Humanistic lens while at times adding Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) interventions and mindfulness techniques.
I am a licensed professional clinical counselor in Minnesota and I am also licensed in Wisconsin. I provide a problem-solving and skill-equipping approach with my client’s health and wellness at the center of each session. Clients may come to my office with difficulties of depression, anxiety, relationship challenges, physical health struggles, becoming a new parent, or other life transition struggles. Every therapeutic relationship is unique and I approach therapy through a Humanistic lens while at times adding Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) interventions and mindfulness techniques.
(218) 217-7237 View (218) 217-7237
Photo of Jennifer Piede, MSEd, LPC, NCC, LMHC, LPCC
Jennifer Piede
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MSEd, LPC, NCC, LMHC, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Duluth, MN 55811  (Online Only)
I am happy you are reaching out. I'm of the mindset that everyone can benefit from therapy. Each of us has unique worries or concerns. We may say to ourselves, “I don't want to burden my friends and family with these” or “I just can't imagine anyone listening to me without judgment”. Choosing a therapist that you feel comfortable talking to is essential. I understand that many times the only way to build self-compassion, improve relationships, and cope with stress is to start off feeling understood, respected, and valued. Visit my website to schedule an appointment: www.piedecounseling.com. I am licensed in 4 states: NY, OH, TX, MN
I am happy you are reaching out. I'm of the mindset that everyone can benefit from therapy. Each of us has unique worries or concerns. We may say to ourselves, “I don't want to burden my friends and family with these” or “I just can't imagine anyone listening to me without judgment”. Choosing a therapist that you feel comfortable talking to is essential. I understand that many times the only way to build self-compassion, improve relationships, and cope with stress is to start off feeling understood, respected, and valued. Visit my website to schedule an appointment: www.piedecounseling.com. I am licensed in 4 states: NY, OH, TX, MN
(218) 429-9940 View (218) 429-9940
Photo of Makenna Kullman, MSW, LGSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Makenna Kullman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LGSW
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55811
Makenna works alongside her clients with openness, curiosity, and compassion. She is a Certified Grief Professional who primarily works with teens (14+) and young adults who are experiencing grief, anxiety, depression, life changes, trauma, and low self-esteem. She strives to support her clients in their healing journey by helping them build emotional awareness, learn adaptive coping skills, and develop self-compassion. The modalities she utilizes are influenced by Narrative Therapy, Polyvagal Theory, Internal Family Systems, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy.
Makenna works alongside her clients with openness, curiosity, and compassion. She is a Certified Grief Professional who primarily works with teens (14+) and young adults who are experiencing grief, anxiety, depression, life changes, trauma, and low self-esteem. She strives to support her clients in their healing journey by helping them build emotional awareness, learn adaptive coping skills, and develop self-compassion. The modalities she utilizes are influenced by Narrative Therapy, Polyvagal Theory, Internal Family Systems, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy.
(218) 427-4436 View (218) 427-4436
Photo of Makenzie Johnson, LPC, MSE, Licensed Professional Counselor
Makenzie Johnson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MSE
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Duluth, MN 55802
I am seeking clients who are looking for support navigating life transitions and finding more balance in our busy lives. As a previous K-12 educator, I also hope to work with educators and helping professionals as there is a large need for ongoing support in such a taxing career. I have a passion for perinatal mental health and provide services and support for women who are experiencing infertility, pregnancy, postpartum, or transitioning into motherhood. I will be certified in Perinatal Mental Health through the Postpartum Support International to provide services to women in December.
I am seeking clients who are looking for support navigating life transitions and finding more balance in our busy lives. As a previous K-12 educator, I also hope to work with educators and helping professionals as there is a large need for ongoing support in such a taxing career. I have a passion for perinatal mental health and provide services and support for women who are experiencing infertility, pregnancy, postpartum, or transitioning into motherhood. I will be certified in Perinatal Mental Health through the Postpartum Support International to provide services to women in December.
(218) 432-9184 View (218) 432-9184
Photo of Glenn Emery Maloney, MSW, LICSW, LADC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Glenn Emery Maloney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, LADC
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55807
My ideal client comes to psychotherapy wanting to make change in their life. I believe in psychotherapy, that change is possible, and that small changes can lead to big differences in our lives. I look for clients willing to make these small changes, follow through on psychotherapy goals, and see what the outcomes are. I have worked extensively with college students, people with addiction struggles, professionals with ongoing mental health needs, couples and families, and artists and musicians.
My ideal client comes to psychotherapy wanting to make change in their life. I believe in psychotherapy, that change is possible, and that small changes can lead to big differences in our lives. I look for clients willing to make these small changes, follow through on psychotherapy goals, and see what the outcomes are. I have worked extensively with college students, people with addiction struggles, professionals with ongoing mental health needs, couples and families, and artists and musicians.
(218) 220-2719 View (218) 220-2719
Photo of Cheryl Ann Champion, MA, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cheryl Ann Champion
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
I have many years of experience in human services; including the fields of mental health, social services, education, medicine and crisis intervention. I have worked with a variety of populations; urban and rural, racial and ethnic, cultural and religious, age and socio economic level. I have done counseling with children, adolescents, families and individuals. I have skills in crisis intervention, diagnosis and assessment, short term counseling, and group work. I have worked in the areas of sexual and domestic violence, serious and persistent mental illness, chronic pain and disease issues. I help clients adjust and cope with life changing events.
I have many years of experience in human services; including the fields of mental health, social services, education, medicine and crisis intervention. I have worked with a variety of populations; urban and rural, racial and ethnic, cultural and religious, age and socio economic level. I have done counseling with children, adolescents, families and individuals. I have skills in crisis intervention, diagnosis and assessment, short term counseling, and group work. I have worked in the areas of sexual and domestic violence, serious and persistent mental illness, chronic pain and disease issues. I help clients adjust and cope with life changing events.
(218) 316-6458 View (218) 316-6458
Photo of Samantha Hinnenkamp, MA, PhD, LP, Psychologist
Samantha Hinnenkamp
Psychologist, MA, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
In-Person Sessions in Duluth Starting July 1 - Many folks seek therapy due to a disconnection from themselves, others, or community. Sometimes this disconnection shows up as distracting worries, relationship strain, or mood troubles. For others, they carry distinct dissatisfaction and stuckness. If any of this is resonating with you, I am so glad you are considering therapy.
In-Person Sessions in Duluth Starting July 1 - Many folks seek therapy due to a disconnection from themselves, others, or community. Sometimes this disconnection shows up as distracting worries, relationship strain, or mood troubles. For others, they carry distinct dissatisfaction and stuckness. If any of this is resonating with you, I am so glad you are considering therapy.
(612) 814-0126 x754 View (612) 814-0126 x754
Photo of Pam Baillie-Johnson, MA, LMFT, SEP, Marriage & Family Therapist
Pam Baillie-Johnson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, SEP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Duluth, MN 55811
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize in working with individuals who have experienced complex trauma. My approach to psychotherapy is collaborative and non-pathologizing. Clients often find me because of my experience as a Certified Internal Family Systems Therapist or Certified Somatic Experiencing Practitioner. I use experiential models that take us beyond traditional talk therapy by slowing down, connecting with what is happening on the inside, offer healing to the wounded parts, and connecting with inner resources. Client’s often report an increase sense of self-compassion, calmness, clarity & confidence in themselves.
I specialize in working with individuals who have experienced complex trauma. My approach to psychotherapy is collaborative and non-pathologizing. Clients often find me because of my experience as a Certified Internal Family Systems Therapist or Certified Somatic Experiencing Practitioner. I use experiential models that take us beyond traditional talk therapy by slowing down, connecting with what is happening on the inside, offer healing to the wounded parts, and connecting with inner resources. Client’s often report an increase sense of self-compassion, calmness, clarity & confidence in themselves.
(218) 304-7223 View (218) 304-7223

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Duluth, MN

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Duluth, MN who prioritize treating:

89% Anxiety
80% Depression
75% Trauma and PTSD
72% Relationship Issues
71% Self Esteem
69% Stress
64% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% BlueCross and BlueShield
75% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
69% UCare

How Therapists in Duluth, MN see their clients

69% In Person and Online
31% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
15% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Duluth?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.