Psychodynamic Therapists in Chaska, MN

Photo of Anthony Todd Nichols, PhD, LP, Psychologist
Anthony Todd Nichols
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chaska, MN 55318
Do you feel upset, irritable, or downright angry at times? Are you looking for help changing the way you act in certain situations? Would you like to be more loving in relationships, to be the partner or parent you aspire to? I can help you identify and resolve issues that are interfering with your ability to accomplish your goals. I specialize in Attachment Therapy and Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Firmly rooted in Christian values, I serve individuals from all walks of life in a non-judgmental fashion.
Do you feel upset, irritable, or downright angry at times? Are you looking for help changing the way you act in certain situations? Would you like to be more loving in relationships, to be the partner or parent you aspire to? I can help you identify and resolve issues that are interfering with your ability to accomplish your goals. I specialize in Attachment Therapy and Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Firmly rooted in Christian values, I serve individuals from all walks of life in a non-judgmental fashion.
(952) 479-4780 View (952) 479-4780
Photo of Rosa M Garcia - Marbigail Therapy Services LLC. (English&Spanish), LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Marbigail Therapy Services LLC. (English&Spanish)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Chaska, MN 55318
Los Servicios estan disponibles en Espanol. El primer paso, ya lo tomo. Llamenos. It is not an easy thing to seek help, and whether you decide to call me or someone else, there is no wrong step in that. I believe the therapeutic relationship is key in treatment. I've had my share of struggles, and believe that life and professional experience has prepared me to provide you with creative and effective therapy. My approach is collaborative and empathic, I encourage trust and therapeutic relationship. I'd like to help you figure this out, achieve your goals, reach a healthier life, emotional stability, and a calm state of mind.
Los Servicios estan disponibles en Espanol. El primer paso, ya lo tomo. Llamenos. It is not an easy thing to seek help, and whether you decide to call me or someone else, there is no wrong step in that. I believe the therapeutic relationship is key in treatment. I've had my share of struggles, and believe that life and professional experience has prepared me to provide you with creative and effective therapy. My approach is collaborative and empathic, I encourage trust and therapeutic relationship. I'd like to help you figure this out, achieve your goals, reach a healthier life, emotional stability, and a calm state of mind.
(612) 260-1813 View (612) 260-1813
Photo of Ruben Meza Maldonado Jr, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ruben Meza Maldonado Jr
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chaska, MN 55318
I specialize in working with adults and couples, offering bilingual and biliterate therapy in Spanish and English. My passion lies in empowering individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds to discover their resilience and forge paths to fulfillment. I focus on areas such as depression, anxiety, trauma, grief and loss, and life transitions. I am deeply honored to accompany you on your unique journey of growth and healing!
I specialize in working with adults and couples, offering bilingual and biliterate therapy in Spanish and English. My passion lies in empowering individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds to discover their resilience and forge paths to fulfillment. I focus on areas such as depression, anxiety, trauma, grief and loss, and life transitions. I am deeply honored to accompany you on your unique journey of growth and healing!
(763) 373-5510 View (763) 373-5510
Photo of Ben Forsberg, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Ben Forsberg
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Chaska, MN 55318
We are created for connection. All of us are searching for meaning, purpose and belonging. We are made to be in relationships with each other. Our relationships provide an opportunity for life's greatest joy and greatest heartache. All of us experience the brokenness of our world and fall short of relational wholeness. Each of us a unique combination of biology and experience, which results in unique challenges, vulnerabilities, strengths, and hopes. I believe everyone has the insight, ability, and potential to thrive in our human experience and sustain a meaningful life.
We are created for connection. All of us are searching for meaning, purpose and belonging. We are made to be in relationships with each other. Our relationships provide an opportunity for life's greatest joy and greatest heartache. All of us experience the brokenness of our world and fall short of relational wholeness. Each of us a unique combination of biology and experience, which results in unique challenges, vulnerabilities, strengths, and hopes. I believe everyone has the insight, ability, and potential to thrive in our human experience and sustain a meaningful life.
(952) 361-3360 View (952) 361-3360
Photo of Duane H Thompson, MA,  LP, Psychologist
Duane H Thompson
Psychologist, MA, LP
Verified Verified
Chaska, MN 55318
I have 20 plus years experience working with individuals, couple, families. In my practice I have extensive experience working with individuals with depression/mood disorders and adult/childhood abuse issues. I provide flexible scheduling with immediate appointments available morning, afternoon and evening Monday through Thursday. In addition I am a provider for most major insurances.
I have 20 plus years experience working with individuals, couple, families. In my practice I have extensive experience working with individuals with depression/mood disorders and adult/childhood abuse issues. I provide flexible scheduling with immediate appointments available morning, afternoon and evening Monday through Thursday. In addition I am a provider for most major insurances.
(651) 964-0973 View (651) 964-0973
Photo of Nancy A Lowe - Eden Therapy Center - Nancy Lowe, LPCC, LADC, EMDR, COD, Counselor
Eden Therapy Center - Nancy Lowe
Counselor, LPCC, LADC, EMDR, COD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chaska, MN 55318
Waitlist for new clients
Eden Therapy Center, a place for new beginnings, is a holistically oriented mental health clinic where the Integrative Behavioral Health Model is the guideline for client care. This model respectfully incorporates the biochemistry of the body, the psychology of the mind, and the effervescence of the spirit. Employed professionals in the Mental Health and complementary wellness fields such as Massage Therapy & Ayurvedic medicine work together using evidence-based practices and consultation among each other that helps clients move toward their best selves and away from decades of pain whether it shows up as depression, anxiety, PTSD.
Eden Therapy Center, a place for new beginnings, is a holistically oriented mental health clinic where the Integrative Behavioral Health Model is the guideline for client care. This model respectfully incorporates the biochemistry of the body, the psychology of the mind, and the effervescence of the spirit. Employed professionals in the Mental Health and complementary wellness fields such as Massage Therapy & Ayurvedic medicine work together using evidence-based practices and consultation among each other that helps clients move toward their best selves and away from decades of pain whether it shows up as depression, anxiety, PTSD.
(952) 529-4999 View (952) 529-4999
Photo of Justine A Miller, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Justine A Miller
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Chaska, MN 55318
Are life's circumstances robbing your peace? I would like to encourage you to reclaim that integral part of yourself. I offer a safe environment where each therapy session will be an opportunity for your voice to be heard. The therapeutic process will include insight thereby working toward changing ineffective patterns hindering your "best life." I work to equip individuals, couples, families and children to communicate their story and explore resolution. I believe in holistic healing of the body, mind, and spirit. I am a faith-based therapist and Christian spirituality may be incorporated as a therapeutic intervention upon request.
Are life's circumstances robbing your peace? I would like to encourage you to reclaim that integral part of yourself. I offer a safe environment where each therapy session will be an opportunity for your voice to be heard. The therapeutic process will include insight thereby working toward changing ineffective patterns hindering your "best life." I work to equip individuals, couples, families and children to communicate their story and explore resolution. I believe in holistic healing of the body, mind, and spirit. I am a faith-based therapist and Christian spirituality may be incorporated as a therapeutic intervention upon request.
(952) 314-9209 View (952) 314-9209
Photo of Clayton Egli - Clinical & Developmental Services (CDS) Chanhassen, PhD, Psychologist
Clinical & Developmental Services (CDS) Chanhassen
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Chaska, MN 55318
Trusted and helpful: Regardless of your concern, CDS has experienced professionals to meet the needs of your child, adolescent, or adult. Within CDS multi-disciplinary clinics, providers offer assessment & therapy for concerns in mental health, development, learning, relationships, and language. Healthcare is rapidly changing and CDS focuses on high-quality services & collaboration. CDS clinicians are from different backgrounds - including mental health services (testing & therapy), behavioral/developmental interventions, & forensic services. For a personal and positive experience, connect with our community of providers.
Trusted and helpful: Regardless of your concern, CDS has experienced professionals to meet the needs of your child, adolescent, or adult. Within CDS multi-disciplinary clinics, providers offer assessment & therapy for concerns in mental health, development, learning, relationships, and language. Healthcare is rapidly changing and CDS focuses on high-quality services & collaboration. CDS clinicians are from different backgrounds - including mental health services (testing & therapy), behavioral/developmental interventions, & forensic services. For a personal and positive experience, connect with our community of providers.
(952) 209-8297 View (952) 209-8297
Photo of Deborah K Perry, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Deborah K Perry
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chaska, MN 55318
At times you may not know where to turn or what to do to make things better. If you could use some support, I'd like to help. My office provides a comfortable atmosphere where I am non-judgmental in my approach. My mission is to help improve my clients' lives by focusing on their strengths to create a healthy difference that is long lasting.
At times you may not know where to turn or what to do to make things better. If you could use some support, I'd like to help. My office provides a comfortable atmosphere where I am non-judgmental in my approach. My mission is to help improve my clients' lives by focusing on their strengths to create a healthy difference that is long lasting.
(952) 855-8801 View (952) 855-8801
Photo of Maya Alvarado, Pre-Licensed Professional
Maya Alvarado
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chaska, MN 55318
Accepting new clients! Are you someone that struggles with feeling understood and connected to others? Does it feel difficult at times to balance your identity with the social pressures and expectations you see online? Therapy can help. My name is Maya, and I am a practicum student pursuing my Master’s in Counseling Psychology. I am passionate about helping teens and young adults learn how to establish a sense of self that they can feel confident in. Starting therapy can be scary and uncomfortable, I’m here to support you wherever you are in your journey.
Accepting new clients! Are you someone that struggles with feeling understood and connected to others? Does it feel difficult at times to balance your identity with the social pressures and expectations you see online? Therapy can help. My name is Maya, and I am a practicum student pursuing my Master’s in Counseling Psychology. I am passionate about helping teens and young adults learn how to establish a sense of self that they can feel confident in. Starting therapy can be scary and uncomfortable, I’m here to support you wherever you are in your journey.
(952) 522-4805 View (952) 522-4805
Photo of Laura Lehman, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Laura Lehman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Chaska, MN 55318
Not accepting new clients
I most commonly draw from psychodynamic and somatic therapies, including Brainspotting and IFS, as well as relational and cognitive behavioral therapy.
Please note I will not be taking new clients until December 2024. It takes courage to trust another person with your story and face yourself honestly. Maybe you are feeling unsatisfied in your relationships. Perhaps you are feeling flooded with past traumas. Or maybe you have difficulty setting boundaries or controlling your worry. Therapy can be a way to connect with our true selves so that we can show up authentically in the world and in relationships.
I most commonly draw from psychodynamic and somatic therapies, including Brainspotting and IFS, as well as relational and cognitive behavioral therapy.
Please note I will not be taking new clients until December 2024. It takes courage to trust another person with your story and face yourself honestly. Maybe you are feeling unsatisfied in your relationships. Perhaps you are feeling flooded with past traumas. Or maybe you have difficulty setting boundaries or controlling your worry. Therapy can be a way to connect with our true selves so that we can show up authentically in the world and in relationships.
(952) 209-3277 View (952) 209-3277

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Michael Greenberg - OCD Associates, PhD, Psychologist
OCD Associates
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Victoria, MN 55386  (Online Only)
We therefore integrate psychodynamic work within and alongside ERP, to foster deeper and more lasting change than ERP alone can offer.
We specialize in Rumination-Focused ERP for OCD and anxiety disorders. This approach focuses on treating compulsive rumination, and provides a highly systematic yet gentler approach to exposure therapy. RF-ERP can be helpful to patients who have not made significant progress in other types of treatment, including individuals with Pure O or Sensorimotor OCD.
We therefore integrate psychodynamic work within and alongside ERP, to foster deeper and more lasting change than ERP alone can offer.
We specialize in Rumination-Focused ERP for OCD and anxiety disorders. This approach focuses on treating compulsive rumination, and provides a highly systematic yet gentler approach to exposure therapy. RF-ERP can be helpful to patients who have not made significant progress in other types of treatment, including individuals with Pure O or Sensorimotor OCD.
(646) 437-8902 View (646) 437-8902
Photo of Melissa Treff, PsyD, LP, PMH-C, Psychologist
Melissa Treff
Psychologist, PsyD, LP, PMH-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chanhassen, MN 55317
As a clinician, I utilize a psychodynamic approach that is informed through developmental and strengths-based lenses, as well as incorporating a family systems orientation.
New Sliding Scale Openings! For whatever brings you to therapy, I will foster a safe and open space that provides support and validation while being a non-judgmental witness to your personal story. Working collaboratively, we will create and work towards therapeutic goals through the exploration of past and current experiences and how they have built beliefs, making connections from past and present. As we explore these connections, we will work to identify how they create negative or unrealistic core beliefs, while instilling more helpful ones that can lead to greater overall wellbeing and a more positive sense of self.
As a clinician, I utilize a psychodynamic approach that is informed through developmental and strengths-based lenses, as well as incorporating a family systems orientation.
New Sliding Scale Openings! For whatever brings you to therapy, I will foster a safe and open space that provides support and validation while being a non-judgmental witness to your personal story. Working collaboratively, we will create and work towards therapeutic goals through the exploration of past and current experiences and how they have built beliefs, making connections from past and present. As we explore these connections, we will work to identify how they create negative or unrealistic core beliefs, while instilling more helpful ones that can lead to greater overall wellbeing and a more positive sense of self.
(952) 234-7201 View (952) 234-7201
Photo of Susan Cromwell, LICSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Susan Cromwell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Chanhassen, MN 55317
I blend elements of Cognitive Behavior Therapy and psychodynamic therapy to help you feel better about yourself, your relationships and the quality of your life.
With a compassionate, non-judgmental and interactive approach, I seek to assist people in making desired changes in relationships, behaviors and outlook on life. For over 20 years, I have helped individuals, couples and groups by providing a safe and open place to talk about their lives and share their stories. I specialize in the treatment of depression, anxiety and relationship issues and have particular expertise in trauma, PTSD and anger management. These can be painful, distressing issues but my calm, caring manner is paired with practical, effective methods. The result is relief, hopefulness and re-building of emotional health.
I blend elements of Cognitive Behavior Therapy and psychodynamic therapy to help you feel better about yourself, your relationships and the quality of your life.
With a compassionate, non-judgmental and interactive approach, I seek to assist people in making desired changes in relationships, behaviors and outlook on life. For over 20 years, I have helped individuals, couples and groups by providing a safe and open place to talk about their lives and share their stories. I specialize in the treatment of depression, anxiety and relationship issues and have particular expertise in trauma, PTSD and anger management. These can be painful, distressing issues but my calm, caring manner is paired with practical, effective methods. The result is relief, hopefulness and re-building of emotional health.
(651) 728-8843 View (651) 728-8843
Photo of Katie Ernst, MA, LMFT, PMH-C, Marriage & Family Therapist
Katie Ernst
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Minnetonka, MN 55345  (Online Only)
Drawing largely from psychodynamic, attachment and systemic therapy approaches, I find value in exploring the past to create a more productive future.
I believe in the power of therapy to transform lives. With empathy and understanding, I create a safe and supportive space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings, heal, and grow. Together, we’ll work towards a healthier, more fulfilling life. I have over 10 years of experience working with children, adolescents, and families. I have worked with clients struggling with a wide variety of issues including perinatal mental health concerns, anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship struggles, parenting related issues, difficult life transitions and general life stressors.
Drawing largely from psychodynamic, attachment and systemic therapy approaches, I find value in exploring the past to create a more productive future.
I believe in the power of therapy to transform lives. With empathy and understanding, I create a safe and supportive space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings, heal, and grow. Together, we’ll work towards a healthier, more fulfilling life. I have over 10 years of experience working with children, adolescents, and families. I have worked with clients struggling with a wide variety of issues including perinatal mental health concerns, anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship struggles, parenting related issues, difficult life transitions and general life stressors.
(952) 260-7884 View (952) 260-7884
Photo of Alejandra Aschittino-Rodriguez, LPCC, LADC
Alejandra Aschittino-Rodriguez
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, LADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Eden Prairie, MN 55346
I often utilize psychodynamic-Adlerian, Existential, and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) skills with a culturally sensitive lens.
I believe personal agency is key to finding meaning in distressing scenarios and growing from them. I use both Existential and solution-oriented approaches when engaging with clients and provide individuals, couples, and families with tools for self-awareness and self-empowerment through a mixture of theoretical models tailored to the client’s strengths and needs. I work to help clients establish more adaptive patterns of thinking with humor, empathy, and respect. While I will explore root causes of issues, I emphasize the importance of personal growth and identifying personal strengths.
I often utilize psychodynamic-Adlerian, Existential, and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) skills with a culturally sensitive lens.
I believe personal agency is key to finding meaning in distressing scenarios and growing from them. I use both Existential and solution-oriented approaches when engaging with clients and provide individuals, couples, and families with tools for self-awareness and self-empowerment through a mixture of theoretical models tailored to the client’s strengths and needs. I work to help clients establish more adaptive patterns of thinking with humor, empathy, and respect. While I will explore root causes of issues, I emphasize the importance of personal growth and identifying personal strengths.
(612) 416-1263 View (612) 416-1263
Photo of Michelle Finley, MA, LMFT, DMFTABD, Marriage & Family Therapist
Michelle Finley
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, DMFTABD
Verified Verified
Excelsior, MN 55331
I utilize an Adlerian approach and integrate many therapies including: Attachment, CBT, Emotion Focused, Gestault, Gottman, Psychodynamic, and Family Systems.
Have you lost someone or something that is important to you? Is life presenting you with changes that are difficult to navigate? Are relationships difficult? Has your past created difficulties that you just can't seem to separate from? Do you feel overwhelmed by the pressure to raise perfect kids and meet the needs of everyone around you?  Does your family need help? Are you a helper or therapist and need your own support? I am here, to connect with you and help you feel better.
I utilize an Adlerian approach and integrate many therapies including: Attachment, CBT, Emotion Focused, Gestault, Gottman, Psychodynamic, and Family Systems.
Have you lost someone or something that is important to you? Is life presenting you with changes that are difficult to navigate? Are relationships difficult? Has your past created difficulties that you just can't seem to separate from? Do you feel overwhelmed by the pressure to raise perfect kids and meet the needs of everyone around you?  Does your family need help? Are you a helper or therapist and need your own support? I am here, to connect with you and help you feel better.
(763) 600-1315 View (763) 600-1315
Photo of Heather Petersen, BSW, CT, Pre-Licensed Professional
Heather Petersen
Pre-Licensed Professional, BSW, CT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shakopee, MN 55379
I utilize psychodynamic approaches within a supportive setting, where my clients can explore their thoughts, feelings and experiences.
In the realm of mental health, my commitment is driven by my profound sense of empathy and compassion. It's my passion to support every individual in their discovery for a life enriched with fulfillment and well-being. I strive to create a space where individuals feel validated and understood. Witnessing their journey towards growth and transformation not only fuels my enthusiasm but also provides meaning in my own life. Together, we embark on a shared voyage of self-discovery, resilience, and holistic well-being, paving the way for enduring positive change.
I utilize psychodynamic approaches within a supportive setting, where my clients can explore their thoughts, feelings and experiences.
In the realm of mental health, my commitment is driven by my profound sense of empathy and compassion. It's my passion to support every individual in their discovery for a life enriched with fulfillment and well-being. I strive to create a space where individuals feel validated and understood. Witnessing their journey towards growth and transformation not only fuels my enthusiasm but also provides meaning in my own life. Together, we embark on a shared voyage of self-discovery, resilience, and holistic well-being, paving the way for enduring positive change.
(952) 900-3460 View (952) 900-3460
Photo of Mischel Walgren, PhD, Psychologist
Mischel Walgren
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Minnetonka, MN 55345
I use an integration of theories and approaches to best match your needs, including attachment, family systems and psychodynamic theories as well as mind/body and mindfulness approaches.
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression or relationship issues? Do you notice that past experiences seem to impact your life now in ways that create blocks or difficulty? Have you experienced recent loss or a stressful life change? Psychotherapy is a powerful resource to help restore direction and balance as well as facilitating self-understanding and emotional healing. Exploring and understanding who you are and how you became who you are is part of achieving desired change and growth. I bring 30+ years of experience, training, compassion and commitment to this collaborative and relational process.
I use an integration of theories and approaches to best match your needs, including attachment, family systems and psychodynamic theories as well as mind/body and mindfulness approaches.
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression or relationship issues? Do you notice that past experiences seem to impact your life now in ways that create blocks or difficulty? Have you experienced recent loss or a stressful life change? Psychotherapy is a powerful resource to help restore direction and balance as well as facilitating self-understanding and emotional healing. Exploring and understanding who you are and how you became who you are is part of achieving desired change and growth. I bring 30+ years of experience, training, compassion and commitment to this collaborative and relational process.
(612) 568-7909 View (612) 568-7909
Photo of Kerin Logstrom, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kerin Logstrom
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Chanhassen, MN 55317
I believe that the key to a successful therapeutic experience is the strength and quality of the relationship between the client and the therapist. Building trust and rapport is where we start. My experience as a psychotherapist has affirmed my belief that each of us has a great capacity to change and grow. I specialize in working with clients to process emotional pain that has resulted from different stressors that occur through the life cycle. Developing one's emotional awareness can result in more intimate, loving relationships.
I believe that the key to a successful therapeutic experience is the strength and quality of the relationship between the client and the therapist. Building trust and rapport is where we start. My experience as a psychotherapist has affirmed my belief that each of us has a great capacity to change and grow. I specialize in working with clients to process emotional pain that has resulted from different stressors that occur through the life cycle. Developing one's emotional awareness can result in more intimate, loving relationships.
(612) 354-8932 View (612) 354-8932
Psychodynamic Therapists

Is psychodynamic therapy evidence-based?

Studies have found psychodynamic therapy to be effective in treating conditions like social anxiety, eating disorders, chronic pain, some personality disorders, and depression; indeed, some studies have found it to be just as effective as CBT or medication. What’s more, several studies have found that the benefits of psychodynamic therapy tend to endure—even grow—long after treatment has ended.

How long does psychodynamic therapy last?

Unlike CBT and other more structured forms of therapy, psychodynamic therapy tends to be open-ended and may not be limited to a set number of sessions. It is common for clients to be in therapy for a year or longer and to see their therapist one to three times a week, though the exact schedule and timeline may vary depending on a client’s challenges and progress. However, brief psychodynamic therapy is available, which tends to be more goal-oriented and typically unfolds over 16 to 30 sessions.

Does psychodynamic therapy work?

Research finds that psychodynamic therapy can help someone manage or reduce symptoms of diagnosable mental health conditions like depression or anxiety. The modality may also offer a range of benefits that are harder to measure but just as valuable—such as increased self-worth or healthier relationships. While no therapy type will work for everyone, research and anecdotal evidence suggest that psychodynamic therapy can be highly effective.

What are the limitations of psychodynamic therapy?

Some meta-analyses have concluded that there is little evidence to suggest that psychodynamic therapy can effectively treat certain mental health conditions such as PTSD, OCD, or psychosis, though it is sometimes used to do so. More broadly, the open-ended, free-association structure of psychodynamic therapy may be frustrating for clients who prefer a more structured, time-limited, or goal-oriented approach.