Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Photo of Yangla Bhote, MA, Licensed Professional Counselor
Yangla Bhote
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60610  (Online Only)
“Between stimulus and response, there is a space. In that space, we have the power to choose our response. In our response lies our growth and our freedom” by Victor E. Frankl. If you find yourself in between and need that space - making sense of different experiences you have had, the story you hold, and navigating life transitions, then I am here to provide that space for you. It may sound daunting for some and inviting for others, and everything in between for a few. Wherever you find yourself on the spectrum, I applaud you for taking the first step in seeking therapy - I see a great advocate for yourself in YOU.
“Between stimulus and response, there is a space. In that space, we have the power to choose our response. In our response lies our growth and our freedom” by Victor E. Frankl. If you find yourself in between and need that space - making sense of different experiences you have had, the story you hold, and navigating life transitions, then I am here to provide that space for you. It may sound daunting for some and inviting for others, and everything in between for a few. Wherever you find yourself on the spectrum, I applaud you for taking the first step in seeking therapy - I see a great advocate for yourself in YOU.
(708) 834-6769 View (708) 834-6769
Photo of Michelle Cabrera, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Michelle Cabrera
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60604
Change can be uncomfortable and scary, especially when it is necessary for personal development and growth. It can feel as if you’re going through the waves alone, but everyone deserves to be heard, seen, and supported. While I believe that these emotions deserve a safe space to be expressed, I also believe that this process should be worked on collaboratively. The therapeutic relationship is a crucial component in my work as a mental health provider, and I recognize the privilege I have of holding your trust with honor.
Change can be uncomfortable and scary, especially when it is necessary for personal development and growth. It can feel as if you’re going through the waves alone, but everyone deserves to be heard, seen, and supported. While I believe that these emotions deserve a safe space to be expressed, I also believe that this process should be worked on collaboratively. The therapeutic relationship is a crucial component in my work as a mental health provider, and I recognize the privilege I have of holding your trust with honor.
(630) 496-5765 View (630) 496-5765
Photo of LaTasha Hampton, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
LaTasha Hampton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60629  (Online Only)
My name is Tasha, and I have been a LCSW for just under a decade. I work with adult clients who are experiencing stress related to changes in life, families, relationships or careers. I am a firm believer in empowerment and supporting others as they come to realize the control they have over their lives.
My name is Tasha, and I have been a LCSW for just under a decade. I work with adult clients who are experiencing stress related to changes in life, families, relationships or careers. I am a firm believer in empowerment and supporting others as they come to realize the control they have over their lives.
(872) 217-9664 View (872) 217-9664
Photo of Claudia Loza, MEd, NCC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Claudia Loza
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60615
My work is informed by my own identities as a queer Latina, who is also bilingual. I value exploring the intersection of identities and helping you build community. My goal is to encourage collaboration, so together, we can consider a holistic perspective of who you are and the experiences that have brought you here. This includes considering the impact various systems and spaces have on the identities you hold. My approach includes working from a strengths-based and trauma-informed lens. This informs my belief that you already have the tools necessary to grow and I understand the importance of meeting you where you are.
My work is informed by my own identities as a queer Latina, who is also bilingual. I value exploring the intersection of identities and helping you build community. My goal is to encourage collaboration, so together, we can consider a holistic perspective of who you are and the experiences that have brought you here. This includes considering the impact various systems and spaces have on the identities you hold. My approach includes working from a strengths-based and trauma-informed lens. This informs my belief that you already have the tools necessary to grow and I understand the importance of meeting you where you are.
(872) 278-0849 View (872) 278-0849
Photo of Rachel Berg, LCPC, CADC, Counselor
Rachel Berg
Counselor, LCPC, CADC
Verified Verified
10 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613
I believe in your innate capacity for change and growth. With warmth and empathy, I'll guide you in understanding patterns that may hinder your life. I offer tailored support for sexual concerns and relationship issues. Together, we'll address challenges and empower your journey to a more fulfilling life. Your potential for transformation starts here. Contact me to begin.
I believe in your innate capacity for change and growth. With warmth and empathy, I'll guide you in understanding patterns that may hinder your life. I offer tailored support for sexual concerns and relationship issues. Together, we'll address challenges and empower your journey to a more fulfilling life. Your potential for transformation starts here. Contact me to begin.
(872) 395-6308 View (872) 395-6308
Photo of Francine Kelley, LCPC, SEP, LFYP, RYT500, Counselor
Francine Kelley
Counselor, LCPC, SEP, LFYP, RYT500
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60659
Not accepting new clients
**I'M NOT TAKING NEW CLIENTS AT THIS TIME.** Life can be challenging but it doesn't have to be overwhelming. My specialty is in working with the effects of unresolved trauma, including anxiety and depression. I incorporate a mind/body treatment approach combining somatic psychotherapy, yoga, and mindfulness all based on an understanding of the neurobiology of trauma. My hope is that I can help each person who chooses to work with me to feel empowered to become the conductor of their own journey rather than being at the mercy of past or present life circumstances.
**I'M NOT TAKING NEW CLIENTS AT THIS TIME.** Life can be challenging but it doesn't have to be overwhelming. My specialty is in working with the effects of unresolved trauma, including anxiety and depression. I incorporate a mind/body treatment approach combining somatic psychotherapy, yoga, and mindfulness all based on an understanding of the neurobiology of trauma. My hope is that I can help each person who chooses to work with me to feel empowered to become the conductor of their own journey rather than being at the mercy of past or present life circumstances.
(872) 713-0002 View (872) 713-0002
Photo of Meghan Howie-Timmel, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Meghan Howie-Timmel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60618  (Online Only)
Are you a young adult who has bouts of sadness or anxious thoughts swirling around in your head? Are you transitioning from college into your work life and having second thoughts about where you are headed? Have you recently been diagnosed with a significant medical finding that has thrown your life into turmoil? Individual therapy is an important gift you can give yourself. As you focus, set goals and make small steps in a new direction, you will find that change happens. This change expands your horizons, and creates a sense of well-being. I look to collaborate with you to experience more hope, pleasure and joy in your life.
Are you a young adult who has bouts of sadness or anxious thoughts swirling around in your head? Are you transitioning from college into your work life and having second thoughts about where you are headed? Have you recently been diagnosed with a significant medical finding that has thrown your life into turmoil? Individual therapy is an important gift you can give yourself. As you focus, set goals and make small steps in a new direction, you will find that change happens. This change expands your horizons, and creates a sense of well-being. I look to collaborate with you to experience more hope, pleasure and joy in your life.
(773) 904-1901 View (773) 904-1901
Photo of Dr. Caitlin McIlwee, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Caitlin McIlwee
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60657
Welcome! My name is Caitlin and I'm a clinical psychologist that specializes in cognitive behavioral therapies (CBT), especially in the treatment of anxiety, OCD, stress, depression, and sleep struggles. I provide individual psychotherapy to older teens, young adults, and adults. I work collaboratively with my clients to identify active goals for treatment, with a focus on living a life that is flexible, fulfilling, and guided by one's values. I strive to create a supportive and strong therapeutic bond with my clients by using warmth, unconditional positive regard, compassion, and some lightheartedness and humor, when appropriate.
Welcome! My name is Caitlin and I'm a clinical psychologist that specializes in cognitive behavioral therapies (CBT), especially in the treatment of anxiety, OCD, stress, depression, and sleep struggles. I provide individual psychotherapy to older teens, young adults, and adults. I work collaboratively with my clients to identify active goals for treatment, with a focus on living a life that is flexible, fulfilling, and guided by one's values. I strive to create a supportive and strong therapeutic bond with my clients by using warmth, unconditional positive regard, compassion, and some lightheartedness and humor, when appropriate.
(872) 266-1790 View (872) 266-1790
Photo of Hannah Noel, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Hannah Noel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60611  (Online Only)
Hello! I’m Hannah, a clinical social worker licensed in Illinois with 9 years of experience.
Hello! I’m Hannah, a clinical social worker licensed in Illinois with 9 years of experience.
(872) 250-5473 View (872) 250-5473
Photo of Mandi Ginsburg, PsyD, Psychologist
Mandi Ginsburg
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657
Navigating our world can create stress as we struggle to cope with our responsibilities, relationships, and emotions. Increasing awareness of patterns in our lives and developing new tools and insights can help us to feel more effective, competent, and able to face life's challenges. It can be difficult to move toward change, and I commend you for taking this first step. In our work together, I will provide a non-judgmental space to allow for self-exploration and growth. With deep respect for the healing process and resiliency of my clients, I recognize the importance of working with someone you trust and feel a connection with.
Navigating our world can create stress as we struggle to cope with our responsibilities, relationships, and emotions. Increasing awareness of patterns in our lives and developing new tools and insights can help us to feel more effective, competent, and able to face life's challenges. It can be difficult to move toward change, and I commend you for taking this first step. In our work together, I will provide a non-judgmental space to allow for self-exploration and growth. With deep respect for the healing process and resiliency of my clients, I recognize the importance of working with someone you trust and feel a connection with.
(872) 259-4562 x702 View (872) 259-4562 x702
Photo of Matt Smith, LCPC
Matt Smith
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60661
The crux of my approach is simple, but versatile: I use anything and everything available to make breakthroughs possible. We all do better with an expansive toolkit. EMDR for "stuckness" / trauma and Gottman methods for couples to repair & connect. (Well worth YouTubing either for a sense of them.) Once we understand each other and you are insight-equipped, we'll put insight into action. But in ways that feel authentic to your personal experience of things. Clients often report that my approachable, humorous, "very human" style makes therapy a much more effective experience even when exploring difficult content.
The crux of my approach is simple, but versatile: I use anything and everything available to make breakthroughs possible. We all do better with an expansive toolkit. EMDR for "stuckness" / trauma and Gottman methods for couples to repair & connect. (Well worth YouTubing either for a sense of them.) Once we understand each other and you are insight-equipped, we'll put insight into action. But in ways that feel authentic to your personal experience of things. Clients often report that my approachable, humorous, "very human" style makes therapy a much more effective experience even when exploring difficult content.
(312) 548-9309 View (312) 548-9309
Photo of Lee Healy, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lee Healy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60647
You are seeking a safe space to share your unfiltered emotions, thoughts, and desires. You are seeking an unbiased perspective to your situation and issues. You may yearn for human connection, compassion, and unrelenting support in your journey. You value consistency. You want to heal from trauma from the past and use this information to cope with the unpredictable future.
You are seeking a safe space to share your unfiltered emotions, thoughts, and desires. You are seeking an unbiased perspective to your situation and issues. You may yearn for human connection, compassion, and unrelenting support in your journey. You value consistency. You want to heal from trauma from the past and use this information to cope with the unpredictable future.
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Photo of Marisol Acevedo, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Marisol Acevedo
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60657  (Online Only)
I have over 20 years of experience in supporting clients’ mental health. I am passionate about working to help people heal from trauma, work through major life changes or help individuals find their voice and feel empowered. I take an integrative approach with my clients, and believe that establishing a relationship and trust are the most important elements for success. I believe that perinatal mental health is so important–for women to feel mentally resilient and supported during the whole life cycle of fertility. If you’re somewhere on this journey, I would be honored to support you.
I have over 20 years of experience in supporting clients’ mental health. I am passionate about working to help people heal from trauma, work through major life changes or help individuals find their voice and feel empowered. I take an integrative approach with my clients, and believe that establishing a relationship and trust are the most important elements for success. I believe that perinatal mental health is so important–for women to feel mentally resilient and supported during the whole life cycle of fertility. If you’re somewhere on this journey, I would be honored to support you.
(773) 747-3843 View (773) 747-3843
Photo of Anya Ross, Pre-Licensed Professional
Anya Ross
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614  (Online Only)
Do you notice repetitive patterns of thoughts, feelings, or actions in your life that cause distress? Does your "best you" feel fleetingly accessible, if at all? As a therapist, my job is to create a therapeutic space for you to experience both the absence of judgment and presence of unconditional acceptance. As a client, your job is to continue to invest in understanding yourself better and extending curiosity to your innermost parts. Together, we will collaborate with curiosity and compassion to investigate and appreciate the challenges, insights, and triumphs of your ongoing story.
Do you notice repetitive patterns of thoughts, feelings, or actions in your life that cause distress? Does your "best you" feel fleetingly accessible, if at all? As a therapist, my job is to create a therapeutic space for you to experience both the absence of judgment and presence of unconditional acceptance. As a client, your job is to continue to invest in understanding yourself better and extending curiosity to your innermost parts. Together, we will collaborate with curiosity and compassion to investigate and appreciate the challenges, insights, and triumphs of your ongoing story.
(872) 206-9679 View (872) 206-9679
Photo of Celia Brickman, PhD, LCPC, Counselor
Celia Brickman
Counselor, PhD, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60615
I've been practicing psychotherapy for over 20 years, working with adults from all walks of life who may be struggling with depression, anxiety, grief, relationship and family problems, vocational difficulties, and/or simply finding their way in life in difficult times. I love my work and find it an honor to be a part of someone's passage towards greater insight, stability and flourishing. I received my PhD from the University of Chicago and trained at the Center for Religion & Psychotherapy, where I have been the Director of Education as well as a faculty and staff person.
I've been practicing psychotherapy for over 20 years, working with adults from all walks of life who may be struggling with depression, anxiety, grief, relationship and family problems, vocational difficulties, and/or simply finding their way in life in difficult times. I love my work and find it an honor to be a part of someone's passage towards greater insight, stability and flourishing. I received my PhD from the University of Chicago and trained at the Center for Religion & Psychotherapy, where I have been the Director of Education as well as a faculty and staff person.
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Photo of Lauren Robinson, LCSW, MDiv, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lauren Robinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MDiv
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60640
Welcome, I am glad that you are here! The world is heavy, and you may feel overwhelmed by the current state of affairs, or stressed by life’s challenges. I believe therapy is a powerful tool to help you navigate your healing journey. I support individuals and families from diverse backgrounds, and help them identify, process, and find transformation through a range of issues including: negotiating parenting roles and expectations, adjusting to life transitions, processing loss and grief, spiritual questioning, and managing relational stress.
Welcome, I am glad that you are here! The world is heavy, and you may feel overwhelmed by the current state of affairs, or stressed by life’s challenges. I believe therapy is a powerful tool to help you navigate your healing journey. I support individuals and families from diverse backgrounds, and help them identify, process, and find transformation through a range of issues including: negotiating parenting roles and expectations, adjusting to life transitions, processing loss and grief, spiritual questioning, and managing relational stress.
(872) 250-5726 View (872) 250-5726
Photo of Alex Schwaninger - Arrow Counseling & Coaching, LLC, MA, LCPC, Counselor
Arrow Counseling & Coaching, LLC
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60606
What's holding you back? I work with driven professionals to work through obstacles and get you back on track to the life you want. Whether it's a diagnosable disorder like depression, something from your past you'd like to sort out, an addiction or consistent compulsion, or a relational issue, it's my privilege to offer my training and experience in service of your goals. I find a lot of our experience comes down to patterns. Our brains quickly assess a situation, choose from a list of pre-formed thoughts and behaviors, and push "GO."
What's holding you back? I work with driven professionals to work through obstacles and get you back on track to the life you want. Whether it's a diagnosable disorder like depression, something from your past you'd like to sort out, an addiction or consistent compulsion, or a relational issue, it's my privilege to offer my training and experience in service of your goals. I find a lot of our experience comes down to patterns. Our brains quickly assess a situation, choose from a list of pre-formed thoughts and behaviors, and push "GO."
(312) 626-6250 View (312) 626-6250
Joseph Henry Thomas
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60653  (Online Only)
Joseph Thomas, LCPC. I specialize in working with adolescent and adult clients with concerns ranging from depression, relationship issues, and phase of life issues. I bring 25 years of clinical experience to mentoring and support of clients who desire self-improvement in their lives. My therapeutic approach is grounded in patience and non-judgment. I believe in establishing a comfortable and stable environment to allow clients to assess their strengths, self-assess areas for growth, and explore themselves in more depth. I have overseen programs dedicated to stabilizing and empowering adolescent and adults struggling with societal, cultural and personal issues.
Joseph Thomas, LCPC. I specialize in working with adolescent and adult clients with concerns ranging from depression, relationship issues, and phase of life issues. I bring 25 years of clinical experience to mentoring and support of clients who desire self-improvement in their lives. My therapeutic approach is grounded in patience and non-judgment. I believe in establishing a comfortable and stable environment to allow clients to assess their strengths, self-assess areas for growth, and explore themselves in more depth. I have overseen programs dedicated to stabilizing and empowering adolescent and adults struggling with societal, cultural and personal issues.
(773) 295-7071 View (773) 295-7071
Photo of Marla Seals, LCPC, LMHC, LPC
Marla Seals
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60653  (Online Only)
I'm delighted that you have encountered my profile and taken an active, and courageous step in your healing journey. I bring a down-to-earth, approachable presence to therapy and place the utmost importance on fostering a warm and friendly, yet professional relationship with you. Developing a strong therapeutic alliance is the foundation that will support you as we explore pathways toward your healing, develop adaptive and functional coping skills, improve your emotional regulation, and help you experience a fulfilling life, rather than just exist.
I'm delighted that you have encountered my profile and taken an active, and courageous step in your healing journey. I bring a down-to-earth, approachable presence to therapy and place the utmost importance on fostering a warm and friendly, yet professional relationship with you. Developing a strong therapeutic alliance is the foundation that will support you as we explore pathways toward your healing, develop adaptive and functional coping skills, improve your emotional regulation, and help you experience a fulfilling life, rather than just exist.
(872) 309-3949 View (872) 309-3949
Photo of Lindsey N Scarlett, MA, LCPC, Counselor
Lindsey N Scarlett
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60611
Therapy can seem daunting, though not quite as daunting as a lifetime of emotional discomfort. Lindsey’s approach to psychotherapy is warm and collaborative, empowering her clients to achieve happiness and an unbreakable inner well-being. Trust and confidentiality allow clients to speak freely from the depths of their mind and soul while feeling truly seen, accepted, and cared for even in their darkest moments. Through a compassionate therapeutic relationship, clients work with the therapist to discover the formation of their unique personality traits, beliefs, and patterns in relationships that contribute to present-day distress
Therapy can seem daunting, though not quite as daunting as a lifetime of emotional discomfort. Lindsey’s approach to psychotherapy is warm and collaborative, empowering her clients to achieve happiness and an unbreakable inner well-being. Trust and confidentiality allow clients to speak freely from the depths of their mind and soul while feeling truly seen, accepted, and cared for even in their darkest moments. Through a compassionate therapeutic relationship, clients work with the therapist to discover the formation of their unique personality traits, beliefs, and patterns in relationships that contribute to present-day distress
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
67% Stress
67% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
65% Aetna
48% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
19% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.