Therapists in Tampa, FL

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Photo of Karlia Tarsi, RMHCI, Pre-Licensed Professional
Karlia Tarsi
Pre-Licensed Professional, RMHCI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33609
Feelings exist for a reason. Managing emotions can be a lifelong challenge, let’s change that. Do you want change? Are you done with what has been going on in your surroundings and internally? I am here to meet you where you are to understand your situation and to guide you towards your goals.
Feelings exist for a reason. Managing emotions can be a lifelong challenge, let’s change that. Do you want change? Are you done with what has been going on in your surroundings and internally? I am here to meet you where you are to understand your situation and to guide you towards your goals.
(813) 576-3182 View (813) 576-3182
Maureen Banks
Counselor, MS, LMHC, MCAP
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33618
I help my clients to minimize the weaknesses they struggle with and develop their Strengths. I strive to give them new tools to use to make their life better. I care about my clients and work with them to achieve their goals.
I help my clients to minimize the weaknesses they struggle with and develop their Strengths. I strive to give them new tools to use to make their life better. I care about my clients and work with them to achieve their goals.
(813) 658-5513 View (813) 658-5513
Photo of Loucrecia Elmore, MSW, MA, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Loucrecia Elmore
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33610  (Online Only)
Thank you for being courageous and embracing the unknown. Welcome! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Florida with 8+ years of professional work experience with a diverse group of individuals (children, adolescents, and adults). I specialize in emotional and behavioral challenges, including depression, anxiety, anger management, self-esteem & confidence, and career difficulties. I am passionate about the power of therapy and the transformative impact it can have on individuals and families.
Thank you for being courageous and embracing the unknown. Welcome! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Florida with 8+ years of professional work experience with a diverse group of individuals (children, adolescents, and adults). I specialize in emotional and behavioral challenges, including depression, anxiety, anger management, self-esteem & confidence, and career difficulties. I am passionate about the power of therapy and the transformative impact it can have on individuals and families.
(352) 850-9005 View (352) 850-9005
Photo of Fabiola P Gonzalez, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Fabiola P Gonzalez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33635
Imagine yourself finding relief from the overwhelming burden of anxiety, healing from past traumas, or gaining clarity during significant life transitions. My ideal clients are those who seek to grow their inner selves, develop coping skills, and manage life's challenges. They may be dealing with issues such as sexual and physical abuse, psychological abuse, co-parenting, or the struggles of being a single mom. They seek a safe, supportive environment to explore their emotions and experiences.
Imagine yourself finding relief from the overwhelming burden of anxiety, healing from past traumas, or gaining clarity during significant life transitions. My ideal clients are those who seek to grow their inner selves, develop coping skills, and manage life's challenges. They may be dealing with issues such as sexual and physical abuse, psychological abuse, co-parenting, or the struggles of being a single mom. They seek a safe, supportive environment to explore their emotions and experiences.
(813) 692-1928 View (813) 692-1928
Photo of David Scott La Pensee - David S. La Pensee LCSW, LICSW, MSW, LCSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
David S. La Pensee LCSW, LICSW, MSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33607
During my long career, treating adolescents, adults, couples and families I have striven to provide high quality behavioral health services to a very diverse and broad spectrum of clients. My therapeutic style is caring and compassionate, always with the goal of assisting you to overcome the challenges you are facing, in the most effective way I can. I strive to partner with you and to create a therapeutic alliance so you will feel that you have a thepist who wants to listen and help. I look forward to meeting with you, so we can begin the process of change. The first step is the hardest, but it can lead to enhancing your life.
During my long career, treating adolescents, adults, couples and families I have striven to provide high quality behavioral health services to a very diverse and broad spectrum of clients. My therapeutic style is caring and compassionate, always with the goal of assisting you to overcome the challenges you are facing, in the most effective way I can. I strive to partner with you and to create a therapeutic alliance so you will feel that you have a thepist who wants to listen and help. I look forward to meeting with you, so we can begin the process of change. The first step is the hardest, but it can lead to enhancing your life.
(813) 336-8036 View (813) 336-8036
Photo of Gael Stephanie Macleod, LMHC, CAP, NCC, Counselor
Gael Stephanie Macleod
Counselor, LMHC, CAP, NCC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33609
What is your reason to consider therapy? I always ask a new patient what decided them to pick up the phone and start their therapy journey. What was weighing on you that you needed to probe? Was it unrelenting depression, relationship issues, family struggles, or did you just want to grow? I'm here to help you along whatever path you need to pursue. Allow me to enter your world and join you on your journey towards your goal. I'll turn on some lights for you to better see ahead in a positive, nurturing, non-judgmental way. In comfort of my confidential office, we'll work together. It is your therapy, and you allow me to guide you.
What is your reason to consider therapy? I always ask a new patient what decided them to pick up the phone and start their therapy journey. What was weighing on you that you needed to probe? Was it unrelenting depression, relationship issues, family struggles, or did you just want to grow? I'm here to help you along whatever path you need to pursue. Allow me to enter your world and join you on your journey towards your goal. I'll turn on some lights for you to better see ahead in a positive, nurturing, non-judgmental way. In comfort of my confidential office, we'll work together. It is your therapy, and you allow me to guide you.
(813) 328-7803 View (813) 328-7803
Photo of Joseph Raymond Rowe, LMHC, MCAP
Joseph Raymond Rowe
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC, MCAP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33618
Are you struggling with conflict, boundaries, communication skills, and daily functioning in your relationship? Relationships can be difficult to navigate on your own which is why couples counseling can be a good place to learn more about yourself and your relationship. Couples counseling can be daunting to start, but therapy can provide a safe and comfortable environment to share and open up to your partner. In my approach, I meet with you and your partner individually to learn as much as possible about your past and the history of the relationship as we work towards healthier communication and behavioral patterns.
Are you struggling with conflict, boundaries, communication skills, and daily functioning in your relationship? Relationships can be difficult to navigate on your own which is why couples counseling can be a good place to learn more about yourself and your relationship. Couples counseling can be daunting to start, but therapy can provide a safe and comfortable environment to share and open up to your partner. In my approach, I meet with you and your partner individually to learn as much as possible about your past and the history of the relationship as we work towards healthier communication and behavioral patterns.
(813) 710-5138 View (813) 710-5138
Photo of Kylee Bissette, CRC
Kylee Bissette
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, CRC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33624
Are you are struggling with the lingering effects of trauma, anxiety, depression, addiction, or grief? Do you find yourself overwhelmed by intrusive thoughts, flashbacks, or persistent feelings of sadness and hopelessness? If so, It's time to take the first step towards healing and reclaiming your life. Kylee would love to be that person to help guide you through your healing journey. As a trained EMDR therapist, Kylee provides empathetic and compassionate care to help her clients heal from trauma and emotional distress. Kylee fosters a safe space for her clients to explore their feelings and experiences.
Are you are struggling with the lingering effects of trauma, anxiety, depression, addiction, or grief? Do you find yourself overwhelmed by intrusive thoughts, flashbacks, or persistent feelings of sadness and hopelessness? If so, It's time to take the first step towards healing and reclaiming your life. Kylee would love to be that person to help guide you through your healing journey. As a trained EMDR therapist, Kylee provides empathetic and compassionate care to help her clients heal from trauma and emotional distress. Kylee fosters a safe space for her clients to explore their feelings and experiences.
(813) 568-9601 View (813) 568-9601
Photo of Allycia Crawford, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Allycia Crawford
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33602
My ideal client would be a kiddo, teen/adolescent, or young adult who may be struggling with depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, relationship concerns, and past trauma. Their needs would relate to learning positive coping skills, increasing feelings of self-worth, wanting to learn how to work through negative thoughts, and wanting to work through past trauma. My ideal client would want to learn how to manage stressors in their life in a positive manner and be open and willing to work towards their goals with guidance. This client would be motivated and open to being honest in sessions.
My ideal client would be a kiddo, teen/adolescent, or young adult who may be struggling with depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, relationship concerns, and past trauma. Their needs would relate to learning positive coping skills, increasing feelings of self-worth, wanting to learn how to work through negative thoughts, and wanting to work through past trauma. My ideal client would want to learn how to manage stressors in their life in a positive manner and be open and willing to work towards their goals with guidance. This client would be motivated and open to being honest in sessions.
(813) 723-3829 View (813) 723-3829
Photo of Samantha Singh, RMHCI
Samantha Singh
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, RMHCI
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33635
Hi there! I'm Samantha Singh, a dedicated therapist passionate about guiding individuals and families toward greater mental well-being. I see adolescents and adults addressing needs like anxiety, stress, depression, ADHD, and bipolar disorder. We'll create a supportive environment to discuss challenges and develop healthy coping mechanisms. My ideal client is ready to tackle challenges & build healthier habits, ready to feel calmer, more focused, & in control of their lives.
Hi there! I'm Samantha Singh, a dedicated therapist passionate about guiding individuals and families toward greater mental well-being. I see adolescents and adults addressing needs like anxiety, stress, depression, ADHD, and bipolar disorder. We'll create a supportive environment to discuss challenges and develop healthy coping mechanisms. My ideal client is ready to tackle challenges & build healthier habits, ready to feel calmer, more focused, & in control of their lives.
(813) 565-9550 View (813) 565-9550
Photo of Gina Marie Aguinaga, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Gina Marie Aguinaga
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33609
I provide a safe and honest environment where we can work through the difficulties and begin the process of moving forward. I am passionate about providing my clients with the very best guidance, treatment and tools they need to reach their goals. I have extensive experience working with children, adolescents, and adults who are having difficulties dealing with divorce, anxiety, depression, childhood trauma, relationships, life transitions, and women's issues.
I provide a safe and honest environment where we can work through the difficulties and begin the process of moving forward. I am passionate about providing my clients with the very best guidance, treatment and tools they need to reach their goals. I have extensive experience working with children, adolescents, and adults who are having difficulties dealing with divorce, anxiety, depression, childhood trauma, relationships, life transitions, and women's issues.
(813) 605-1857 View (813) 605-1857
Photo of Lisa Martin, PhD, Psychologist
Lisa Martin
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33607  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical psychologist and for 14 years I have helped women of all ages and backgrounds to heal and live full, empowered, and authentic lives. I have worked with women who have a range of challenges including anxiety, depression, trauma, postpartum struggles, grief, chronic illness, work stress, relationship conflict, and issues related to identity. I am trained in several evidence-based approaches including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Skills Training in Affective and Interpersonal Regulation - Narrative Therapy (STAIR-NST) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT).
I am a licensed clinical psychologist and for 14 years I have helped women of all ages and backgrounds to heal and live full, empowered, and authentic lives. I have worked with women who have a range of challenges including anxiety, depression, trauma, postpartum struggles, grief, chronic illness, work stress, relationship conflict, and issues related to identity. I am trained in several evidence-based approaches including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Skills Training in Affective and Interpersonal Regulation - Narrative Therapy (STAIR-NST) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT).
(941) 241-0275 View (941) 241-0275
Photo of Le' Isaac Justin Gardner - Dr. Le' Isaac J. Gardner Msc.D., PhD, CTHT, ORDM
Dr. Le' Isaac J. Gardner Msc.D.
PhD, CTHT, ORDM
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33602
As a client of mine, you will reclaim your life by focusing on pulling your issues from the root so that they never occur again. I will walk you back to wholeness and health, leaving things such as the symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, depression, motivation, and family and relationship issues in the past. I also use the wonderful powers of your mind, body, and spirit to enhance your memory, sports performance, optimism, spirituality, ability to focus and more.
As a client of mine, you will reclaim your life by focusing on pulling your issues from the root so that they never occur again. I will walk you back to wholeness and health, leaving things such as the symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, depression, motivation, and family and relationship issues in the past. I also use the wonderful powers of your mind, body, and spirit to enhance your memory, sports performance, optimism, spirituality, ability to focus and more.
(813) 544-6494 View (813) 544-6494
Photo of Nok Fung (Tiger) Lee, MA, RMHCI
Nok Fung (Tiger) Lee
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, MA, RMHCI
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33612  (Online Only)
Are you feeling depressed, overwhelmed, stress, or a loss of sense of direction? As a counselor, I am here to assist you with working towards meaningful and rewarding goals, a positive sense of self, and strong connections with whom we love. I primarily offer services to adolescents and adults who would like to explore their thoughts and feelings, work through past and recent traumas, or simply looking for support with stress and life transitions.
Are you feeling depressed, overwhelmed, stress, or a loss of sense of direction? As a counselor, I am here to assist you with working towards meaningful and rewarding goals, a positive sense of self, and strong connections with whom we love. I primarily offer services to adolescents and adults who would like to explore their thoughts and feelings, work through past and recent traumas, or simply looking for support with stress and life transitions.
(813) 945-7749 View (813) 945-7749
Photo of Candace Fraser, LMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Candace Fraser
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33610  (Online Only)
Accepting New Clients! Are you suffering with intrusive thoughts, anger, anxiety, past abuse or trauma? Do you feel misunderstood or that you don't fit in? Let me help you learn the tools needed to improve your overall quality of life and live your most authentic self. I specialize in helping people through life transitions, relationship challenges, trauma and more! Using evidence based modalities in sessions; you can be assured of my approach of being discrete, non-judgmental, and compassionate. My goal is not to 'fix' you, but instead provide you with tools to reach your maximum healing.
Accepting New Clients! Are you suffering with intrusive thoughts, anger, anxiety, past abuse or trauma? Do you feel misunderstood or that you don't fit in? Let me help you learn the tools needed to improve your overall quality of life and live your most authentic self. I specialize in helping people through life transitions, relationship challenges, trauma and more! Using evidence based modalities in sessions; you can be assured of my approach of being discrete, non-judgmental, and compassionate. My goal is not to 'fix' you, but instead provide you with tools to reach your maximum healing.
(813) 640-4646 View (813) 640-4646
Photo of Britani Lalone - Lalone Counseling LLC, MSW, LCSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lalone Counseling LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33618
Not accepting new clients
Currently accepting new clients for Tuesday or Saturday times! Does it feel like no matter how hard you try to escape from the past, it seems impossible? Are you having trouble with flashbacks and nightmares from past trauma? As a trauma therapist, I specialize in working with people to heal and transform past trauma including abuse, terrifying moments, and chaotic childhoods. Together we can transform patterns, habits, and emotional dysregulation that sabotage love, health, relationships, and freedom.
Currently accepting new clients for Tuesday or Saturday times! Does it feel like no matter how hard you try to escape from the past, it seems impossible? Are you having trouble with flashbacks and nightmares from past trauma? As a trauma therapist, I specialize in working with people to heal and transform past trauma including abuse, terrifying moments, and chaotic childhoods. Together we can transform patterns, habits, and emotional dysregulation that sabotage love, health, relationships, and freedom.
View
Photo of Jaritsa Ruiz, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jaritsa Ruiz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33603  (Online Only)
Hello! I am a bilingual (English-Spanish) seasoned Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 18 years of diverse experience in the field. Making significant impacts in children and adolescents' lives within school settings, group homes, and specialized work with human trafficking victims.
Hello! I am a bilingual (English-Spanish) seasoned Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 18 years of diverse experience in the field. Making significant impacts in children and adolescents' lives within school settings, group homes, and specialized work with human trafficking victims.
(727) 245-9106 View (727) 245-9106
Photo of Eddie Collins, LMHC, Counselor
Eddie Collins
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33606  (Online Only)
In 2004, Eddie Collins became certified as a professional in addiction treatment. Since then, his mission has been to empower individuals facing addiction by nurturing their inner strength, boosting self-confidence, and fostering self-awareness. Through personalized guidance, Eddie helps individuals embark on a journey of personal growth, challenging old beliefs and promoting new ideas. Using a multi-faceted approach rooted in cognitive-behavioral concepts, he encourages fresh perspectives and challenges misconceptions.
In 2004, Eddie Collins became certified as a professional in addiction treatment. Since then, his mission has been to empower individuals facing addiction by nurturing their inner strength, boosting self-confidence, and fostering self-awareness. Through personalized guidance, Eddie helps individuals embark on a journey of personal growth, challenging old beliefs and promoting new ideas. Using a multi-faceted approach rooted in cognitive-behavioral concepts, he encourages fresh perspectives and challenges misconceptions.
(727) 308-6577 View (727) 308-6577
Photo of Rebecca Nelson - Lets Grow Counseling Services LLC, RMHCI
Lets Grow Counseling Services LLC
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, RMHCI
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33606
Hi, I'm Becka. I help clients that are struggling in their relationships find meaning and connection with their partner. If your goal is to be more connected with your partner, have deeper conversations, and learn how to handle conflicts together, then your in the right place. I also help those with anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, change of life circumstances, and LGBTQIA+ individuals/couples. I help individuals and couples making life transitions. Examples include: New job, new baby, or the passing of a loved one. If your goal is to gain control of your life, and improve your life then your in the right place.
Hi, I'm Becka. I help clients that are struggling in their relationships find meaning and connection with their partner. If your goal is to be more connected with your partner, have deeper conversations, and learn how to handle conflicts together, then your in the right place. I also help those with anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, change of life circumstances, and LGBTQIA+ individuals/couples. I help individuals and couples making life transitions. Examples include: New job, new baby, or the passing of a loved one. If your goal is to gain control of your life, and improve your life then your in the right place.
(727) 620-6352 View (727) 620-6352
Photo of Marion C. Huey, LMHC, NCC, MAC, SAP, Counselor
Marion C. Huey
Counselor, LMHC, NCC, MAC, SAP
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33607  (Online Only)
I have been practicing as a therapist in Tampa Bay for over 20 years. I view each person as unique and the specific therapeutic technique chosen for the person depends upon the type problem presented and the specific needs. In the first session, problems are assessed and identified and goals are established and a specific plan to meet the goals is developed. My task as therapist is to teach the skills and knowledge needed so that my clients have the skills to be their "own therapists" when therapy is completed.
I have been practicing as a therapist in Tampa Bay for over 20 years. I view each person as unique and the specific therapeutic technique chosen for the person depends upon the type problem presented and the specific needs. In the first session, problems are assessed and identified and goals are established and a specific plan to meet the goals is developed. My task as therapist is to teach the skills and knowledge needed so that my clients have the skills to be their "own therapists" when therapy is completed.
(813) 508-7919 View (813) 508-7919
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tampa, FL

2,000+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Tampa, FL who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
88% Depression
76% Self Esteem
73% Coping Skills
69% Relationship Issues
69% Stress
68% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

88% Aetna
79% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
78% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Tampa, FL see their clients

52% In Person and Online
48% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tampa?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.