Therapists in Saginaw County, MI

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Photo of Jenny L Schmitzer - Healthy Roots Therapy LLC, LMSW, SAP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Healthy Roots Therapy LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, SAP
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48604
Finding the right therapist is essential, and beginning by developing a trusting and respectful relationship is where the journey begins between therapist and client. We believe that people can experience true healing and reconcile their past and their present. You can use what you learn to shed old patterns that no longer serve you. Communication is key, and in learning how to do this within yourself, you can create change to achieve a better quality of life. Let our experienced clinicians guide you.
Finding the right therapist is essential, and beginning by developing a trusting and respectful relationship is where the journey begins between therapist and client. We believe that people can experience true healing and reconcile their past and their present. You can use what you learn to shed old patterns that no longer serve you. Communication is key, and in learning how to do this within yourself, you can create change to achieve a better quality of life. Let our experienced clinicians guide you.
(989) 469-0833 View (989) 469-0833
Photo of Nicole Kathryn Throop, LPC, CAADC, Counselor
Nicole Kathryn Throop
Counselor, LPC, CAADC
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48609  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Depression and anxiety can take a toll on our lives. They can rob us of joy and make it difficult to participate in life. Constant worry and dread are common companions of anxiety. It feels like you are caught in a loop of thoughts. You don’t know how to get out, and it is hard to breathe. Worries and fears hold you captive. You have lost friends, opportunities and maybe even jobs because you couldn’t find your way through. You feel out of control, but you often keep your feelings hidden. You might put on a smile to please others, but happiness only exists on the surface. If you can relate, take a deep breath. There is hope.
Depression and anxiety can take a toll on our lives. They can rob us of joy and make it difficult to participate in life. Constant worry and dread are common companions of anxiety. It feels like you are caught in a loop of thoughts. You don’t know how to get out, and it is hard to breathe. Worries and fears hold you captive. You have lost friends, opportunities and maybe even jobs because you couldn’t find your way through. You feel out of control, but you often keep your feelings hidden. You might put on a smile to please others, but happiness only exists on the surface. If you can relate, take a deep breath. There is hope.
(989) 455-8192 View (989) 455-8192
Photo of Amber Joy Kochanny-Sheck, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amber Joy Kochanny-Sheck
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saginaw, MI 48602  (Online Only)
First if you are exploring therapy, I just want to say congratulations because it's great idea, and future you will be happy that today you is doing this. I believe therapy is a collaborative effort between clinician and client, I am not "treating" you, I am helping you understand yourself better, while empowering you to create a life that feels more authentic and in alignment for you, and reducing your suffering along the way.
First if you are exploring therapy, I just want to say congratulations because it's great idea, and future you will be happy that today you is doing this. I believe therapy is a collaborative effort between clinician and client, I am not "treating" you, I am helping you understand yourself better, while empowering you to create a life that feels more authentic and in alignment for you, and reducing your suffering along the way.
(989) 273-3873 View (989) 273-3873
Photo of Lauren Krzyzaniak, LPC, LMHC, CTRS-C, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lauren Krzyzaniak
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMHC, CTRS-C
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48603  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Postpartum anxiety, depression, and birth trauma leaves us feeling broken, crazy, and like bad parents. You're tired of feeling like you're barely holding it together. Maybe you're a first time mom who can't sleep when your baby's asleep because something terrible will happen. Maybe you've been pregnant before and didn't realize how much that experience impacted you until you couldn't enjoy your next pregnancy. Either way, you're ready for relief. You're ready to feel more connected to yourself and your family. You're ready to be the kind of parent you've always wanted to be.
Postpartum anxiety, depression, and birth trauma leaves us feeling broken, crazy, and like bad parents. You're tired of feeling like you're barely holding it together. Maybe you're a first time mom who can't sleep when your baby's asleep because something terrible will happen. Maybe you've been pregnant before and didn't realize how much that experience impacted you until you couldn't enjoy your next pregnancy. Either way, you're ready for relief. You're ready to feel more connected to yourself and your family. You're ready to be the kind of parent you've always wanted to be.
(989) 625-9324 View (989) 625-9324
Photo of Debra S McCaleb Maxon, LLC,CCT, CCTP, MS,  MS, Counselor
Debra S McCaleb Maxon
Counselor, LLC,CCT, CCTP, MS, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saginaw, MI 48603
Ideal clients are ANYONE who struggle with substance use, trauma, anxiety, stress, depression, domestic violence, self-harm, self-esteem, eating disorders, strained relationships, and who have a desire to improve their lives. I have experience and welcome working with clients of all ages, ethnicities, religious beliefs, and sexual orientations (LGBTQ). Through therapy, clients can learn how to identify stressors and develop coping skills to address these issues. Along the way, we’ll set goals to help you achieve the life you desire.
Ideal clients are ANYONE who struggle with substance use, trauma, anxiety, stress, depression, domestic violence, self-harm, self-esteem, eating disorders, strained relationships, and who have a desire to improve their lives. I have experience and welcome working with clients of all ages, ethnicities, religious beliefs, and sexual orientations (LGBTQ). Through therapy, clients can learn how to identify stressors and develop coping skills to address these issues. Along the way, we’ll set goals to help you achieve the life you desire.
(989) 843-3323 View (989) 843-3323
Photo of Anne Wininger - Trauma and Mood Recovery Center, LLC, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Trauma and Mood Recovery Center, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Bridgeport, MI 48722
Not accepting new clients
Many of my clients initially seek treatment because they know something isn't quite right....they know they aren't functioning as the best version of themselves, or living their best possible lives. Often, they have struggled with their mood off and on for years or even decades. Most are feeling a lot of stress, low self-worth, the belief that somehow there is something "wrong" with them, or lack the confidence to do the things they want to do. Some have the insight that they need to resolve past events or circumstances in order to live a truly fulfilling life. They suffer even if they might have that picture perfect life.
Many of my clients initially seek treatment because they know something isn't quite right....they know they aren't functioning as the best version of themselves, or living their best possible lives. Often, they have struggled with their mood off and on for years or even decades. Most are feeling a lot of stress, low self-worth, the belief that somehow there is something "wrong" with them, or lack the confidence to do the things they want to do. Some have the insight that they need to resolve past events or circumstances in order to live a truly fulfilling life. They suffer even if they might have that picture perfect life.
(989) 265-2999 View (989) 265-2999
Photo of Erica L Springer, JD,LMSW, CCTP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erica L Springer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, JD,LMSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48601  (Online Only)
IMPACCTT Enterprises, PLLC is “Challenging and Changing Thoughts...Healing Hearts...and Restoring Lives”. I am a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional I am a Therapist trained in creative therapy toward supporting children, youth, and adults with trauma histories, grief, and loss. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Adjustment Disorder, Anxiety, and Depression are substantial focus areas. I use trauma informed cognitive behavioral, mindfulness therapies, and educational activities. I am trained in play therapy. Video sessions (telehealth) are available. I am a published Author. I am available to provide clinical supervision to LLMSW’s.
IMPACCTT Enterprises, PLLC is “Challenging and Changing Thoughts...Healing Hearts...and Restoring Lives”. I am a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional I am a Therapist trained in creative therapy toward supporting children, youth, and adults with trauma histories, grief, and loss. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Adjustment Disorder, Anxiety, and Depression are substantial focus areas. I use trauma informed cognitive behavioral, mindfulness therapies, and educational activities. I am trained in play therapy. Video sessions (telehealth) are available. I am a published Author. I am available to provide clinical supervision to LLMSW’s.
(989) 308-4397 View (989) 308-4397
Photo of Katherine Arkell, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Katherine Arkell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saginaw, MI 48603
I am a seasoned Licensed Master Social Worker, I have over 25 years experience in the mental health field treating a multitude of issues including: anxiety; depression; divorce reaction; grief and loss; life stressors and sexual health issues.
I am a seasoned Licensed Master Social Worker, I have over 25 years experience in the mental health field treating a multitude of issues including: anxiety; depression; divorce reaction; grief and loss; life stressors and sexual health issues.
(989) 584-1996 View (989) 584-1996
Photo of Timothy Walker, Dsw, MSW, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Timothy Walker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, Dsw, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48602  (Online Only)
I have an extensive history with youth programing and clinical practice with youth. I've spent the last few years working with adults, families, and children who have severe emotional disturbances. I currently work with youth who are adjudicated as well as youth who just might be going through your typical transitions. I have years of crisis experience with adults and youth. One couldn't work with young people without working alongside their parents or guardians also. Therefore, my ideal client is any adult, youth, or teen who is transitioning through life or any person who may be trying to figure some things out along their path.
I have an extensive history with youth programing and clinical practice with youth. I've spent the last few years working with adults, families, and children who have severe emotional disturbances. I currently work with youth who are adjudicated as well as youth who just might be going through your typical transitions. I have years of crisis experience with adults and youth. One couldn't work with young people without working alongside their parents or guardians also. Therefore, my ideal client is any adult, youth, or teen who is transitioning through life or any person who may be trying to figure some things out along their path.
(989) 584-1706 View (989) 584-1706
Photo of Ashley Schultz, Counselor
Ashley Schultz
Counselor
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48638
I believe that the client’s collaboration with their counselor in the therapeutic relationship is vital to their success. When clients actively participate in the process, they often realize that growth and change are possibilities. Therapy is sometimes taxing and frustrating, and, at times, beyond exasperating. Some might experience anger, frustration, or fear during the process. It is most often necessary to feel these emotions in order to grow and see the changes one desires. When the individual is ready to get real and honest with themselves, there isn't anything that can stop them from making positive changes.
I believe that the client’s collaboration with their counselor in the therapeutic relationship is vital to their success. When clients actively participate in the process, they often realize that growth and change are possibilities. Therapy is sometimes taxing and frustrating, and, at times, beyond exasperating. Some might experience anger, frustration, or fear during the process. It is most often necessary to feel these emotions in order to grow and see the changes one desires. When the individual is ready to get real and honest with themselves, there isn't anything that can stop them from making positive changes.
(618) 787-5405 View (618) 787-5405
Photo of Gary Hornfeld, LMSW, LMFT, DIPLOMA, PLC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Gary Hornfeld
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMSW, LMFT, DIPLOMA, PLC
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48603
I accept most insurances except medicaide. CALL ME for a FREE phone consult on T-Th, 11-5. 989-753-8031. I've been in private practice for 50 years. I deal with most problem situations concerning individuals, couples, children, teens, families, stepfamilies. Everyone is different with their own needs. My main therapeutic goal is to help you learn new ways to solve problems with new knowledge, skills, and wisdom. I employ many different approaches to help you become happier, healthier, and more successful.
I accept most insurances except medicaide. CALL ME for a FREE phone consult on T-Th, 11-5. 989-753-8031. I've been in private practice for 50 years. I deal with most problem situations concerning individuals, couples, children, teens, families, stepfamilies. Everyone is different with their own needs. My main therapeutic goal is to help you learn new ways to solve problems with new knowledge, skills, and wisdom. I employ many different approaches to help you become happier, healthier, and more successful.
(989) 474-3717 View (989) 474-3717
Photo of Audra Jungnitsch - Musings Therapy LLC , LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Musings Therapy LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Merrill, MI 48637  (Online Only)
Hello and congratulations on reaching step one on your journey of achieving! What we wish to achieve in our lives both mentally and emotionally is unique to each of us, however needing support at some point in one's life I believe is universal. I am a counselor licensed in Michigan with over 10 years of experience working as a therapist in individual, family and group settings. My counseling style is open and non-judgmental. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. My approaches can combine cognitive-behavioral, humanistic, psychodynamic, strength based, and solution focused therapy.
Hello and congratulations on reaching step one on your journey of achieving! What we wish to achieve in our lives both mentally and emotionally is unique to each of us, however needing support at some point in one's life I believe is universal. I am a counselor licensed in Michigan with over 10 years of experience working as a therapist in individual, family and group settings. My counseling style is open and non-judgmental. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. My approaches can combine cognitive-behavioral, humanistic, psychodynamic, strength based, and solution focused therapy.
(989) 658-4571 View (989) 658-4571
Photo of Roosevelt Bell - Roosevelt's Health Care LLC, MSP, MHC, MCAPI, HIV/ED, CADC-DP, Pre-Licensed Professional
Roosevelt's Health Care LLC
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSP, MHC, MCAPI, HIV/ED, CADC-DP
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48602
Greetings, I'm Roosevelt Bell Owner of Roosevelt's Health Care LLC. Often life shows up in forms and ways we barely recognize, in those times it's hard to see your way out or through. I offer an opportunity to meet you where you are! My specialty culminates with assisting you through your crisis and helping you find a viable resolution. If you are ready to face yourself, then you are ready to be the best you are meant to be! Fresh beginnings are a call or message away.......
Greetings, I'm Roosevelt Bell Owner of Roosevelt's Health Care LLC. Often life shows up in forms and ways we barely recognize, in those times it's hard to see your way out or through. I offer an opportunity to meet you where you are! My specialty culminates with assisting you through your crisis and helping you find a viable resolution. If you are ready to face yourself, then you are ready to be the best you are meant to be! Fresh beginnings are a call or message away.......
(989) 465-2969 View (989) 465-2969
Photo of Franklin Sollars - Sollars and Associates, PhD, LP, Psychologist
Sollars and Associates
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48604
I am a licensed psychologist and the clinical director of Sollars and Associates Integrative Counseling and Psychological Services. I have been providing counseling and psychotherapy for over 30 years in the Metro Detroit area and our group practice spans across the state of Michigan. With support, encouragement and expert insight many people begin to feel better after their first session. Our therapists possess a great deal of experience in evaluating and working with children, adolescents and families dealing with a variety of issues.
I am a licensed psychologist and the clinical director of Sollars and Associates Integrative Counseling and Psychological Services. I have been providing counseling and psychotherapy for over 30 years in the Metro Detroit area and our group practice spans across the state of Michigan. With support, encouragement and expert insight many people begin to feel better after their first session. Our therapists possess a great deal of experience in evaluating and working with children, adolescents and families dealing with a variety of issues.
(989) 646-8361 View (989) 646-8361
Photo of Benjamin Samuel Holm - Grace Christian Counseling , LMSW, CAADC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Grace Christian Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CAADC
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48603
No matter what the struggle there is help. Relationship difficulties , stress, trauma, and family problems can all throw life out of balance. Let us help you get life back on course.
No matter what the struggle there is help. Relationship difficulties , stress, trauma, and family problems can all throw life out of balance. Let us help you get life back on course.
(989) 704-7561 View (989) 704-7561
Photo of Alicia Fiske - Home Rooted Therapy, LLC, LMSW, CCATP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Home Rooted Therapy, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CCATP
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48638
Our therapists are well-versed in a variety of therapeutic techniques. We can address phobias, anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship conflict, life adjustments, and more. We are dedicated to helping individuals heal and tap into their inner resilience using a variety of therapeutic models. Person-centered treatment plans are at the heart of what we do. We look forward to working with you.
Our therapists are well-versed in a variety of therapeutic techniques. We can address phobias, anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship conflict, life adjustments, and more. We are dedicated to helping individuals heal and tap into their inner resilience using a variety of therapeutic models. Person-centered treatment plans are at the heart of what we do. We look forward to working with you.
(989) 404-9685 View (989) 404-9685
Photo of Sarah Torres, LLMSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sarah Torres
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48603
You are brave for reaching out for help, and I will provide a safe, non-judgemental atmosphere to express your issues. I will listen to you attentively, share my compassionate heart, and support you. My passion is empowering individuals to reach their full potential and embrace a richer, more meaningful life. My approach is individualized and based on your needs, meeting you where you are at in life.
You are brave for reaching out for help, and I will provide a safe, non-judgemental atmosphere to express your issues. I will listen to you attentively, share my compassionate heart, and support you. My passion is empowering individuals to reach their full potential and embrace a richer, more meaningful life. My approach is individualized and based on your needs, meeting you where you are at in life.
(989) 296-2378 View (989) 296-2378
Photo of Randi Price, LMSW, RPT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Randi Price
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, RPT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saginaw, MI 48609
Not accepting new clients
I believe in an empowerment approach, focusing on my client's strengths while also allowing space to focus on processing life's difficulties. My ideal client may have struggles with anxiety, depression, gender identity, autism, life transitions, trauma, and/or behavioral concerns. I typically see children and adolescent ages 6-18.
I believe in an empowerment approach, focusing on my client's strengths while also allowing space to focus on processing life's difficulties. My ideal client may have struggles with anxiety, depression, gender identity, autism, life transitions, trauma, and/or behavioral concerns. I typically see children and adolescent ages 6-18.
(989) 577-5351 View (989) 577-5351
Photo of Kimberly S Johnson, LMSW, CBIS, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kimberly S Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CBIS
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48638  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am a licensed clinical social worker with over 10 years of experience in counseling as wll as teaching undergraduate and graduate social work students. I have worked with both adult and children who have experienced trauma, abuse, depression, anxiety, LGBTQ issues and concerns, family conflict, domestic violence, and substance use disorders. My passion is to empower individuals to find their path and their happiness, so they are able to move forward.
I am a licensed clinical social worker with over 10 years of experience in counseling as wll as teaching undergraduate and graduate social work students. I have worked with both adult and children who have experienced trauma, abuse, depression, anxiety, LGBTQ issues and concerns, family conflict, domestic violence, and substance use disorders. My passion is to empower individuals to find their path and their happiness, so they are able to move forward.
(989) 718-9514 View (989) 718-9514
Photo of Michael Knack, PhD, Psychologist
Michael Knack
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Saginaw, MI 48604
I enjoy working with teens, adults, and couples on a variety of issues. I utilize a cognitive-behavioral approach to therapy where we work on identifying problems and the underlying issues. A treatment plan is developed for each client where we set goals and develop strategies to accomplish the goals. I strive to reduce symptoms, improve coping skills, increase awareness, and increase the client's feeling of control over his or her own life situation.
I enjoy working with teens, adults, and couples on a variety of issues. I utilize a cognitive-behavioral approach to therapy where we work on identifying problems and the underlying issues. A treatment plan is developed for each client where we set goals and develop strategies to accomplish the goals. I strive to reduce symptoms, improve coping skills, increase awareness, and increase the client's feeling of control over his or her own life situation.
(989) 642-0529 View (989) 642-0529

See more therapy options for Saginaw County

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Saginaw County, MI

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Saginaw County, MI who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
94% Depression
79% Trauma and PTSD
79% Stress
77% Self Esteem
74% Relationship Issues
74% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

94% BlueCross and BlueShield
63% Aetna
61% Blue Care Network

How Therapists in Saginaw County, MI see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Saginaw County?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.