Relationship Issues Therapists in Livonia, MI

Photo of Karen Laing, MA, LLP, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Karen Laing
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, LLP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Livonia, MI 48152
As a therapist, I am a guide and facilitator who supports clients by listening, asking questions and offering tools and processes tailored to the client's unique needs and circumstances. Client come to therapy for a variety of reasons including relationship conflict, family issues, grief and loss, coping skills and life transitions. My role is to create a safe and welcoming place for client's that is accepting, non judgmental and calming. Through mindful communication, clients can find the path forward that is consistent with their values, beliefs and goals.
As a therapist, I am a guide and facilitator who supports clients by listening, asking questions and offering tools and processes tailored to the client's unique needs and circumstances. Client come to therapy for a variety of reasons including relationship conflict, family issues, grief and loss, coping skills and life transitions. My role is to create a safe and welcoming place for client's that is accepting, non judgmental and calming. Through mindful communication, clients can find the path forward that is consistent with their values, beliefs and goals.
(248) 331-8514 x880 View (248) 331-8514 x880
Photo of Shannon Bolton, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Shannon Bolton
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Livonia, MI 48150
Waitlist for new clients
Allowing ourselves to be vulnerable in unfamiliar settings can be both terrifying and exciting, depending on the situation and our own unique individual perspectives. Entering into a counseling relationship is one setting that may be frightening at first, but can be empowering just by scheduling your first appointment. I Believe there are reasons for all human behavior. Over time, unhealthy behaviors and poor communication become normal; they were learned in childhood and used to help us cope during difficult times. While these "norms" are difficult to change, awareness is often the first step toward making progress.
Allowing ourselves to be vulnerable in unfamiliar settings can be both terrifying and exciting, depending on the situation and our own unique individual perspectives. Entering into a counseling relationship is one setting that may be frightening at first, but can be empowering just by scheduling your first appointment. I Believe there are reasons for all human behavior. Over time, unhealthy behaviors and poor communication become normal; they were learned in childhood and used to help us cope during difficult times. While these "norms" are difficult to change, awareness is often the first step toward making progress.
(734) 215-9782 View (734) 215-9782
Photo of Selwyn Swanston, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Selwyn Swanston
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Livonia, MI 48152  (Online Only)
I have a particularly broad range of experience in working with persons experiencing the following problems: depression, anxiety, anger management, intimate relationship conflicts, family conflicts, stress management, grief and loss, work place conflict, disability and substance abuse.
Welcome! My name is Selwyn Swanston and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 40 years of experience working in therapeutic settings. I work with adolescents, adults, couples, and families. I offer a warm, relaxing, caring, and non-judgmental approach to counseling. This approach fosters trust and motivates my clients to strive to achieve the goals they have in mind for themselves.
I have a particularly broad range of experience in working with persons experiencing the following problems: depression, anxiety, anger management, intimate relationship conflicts, family conflicts, stress management, grief and loss, work place conflict, disability and substance abuse.
Welcome! My name is Selwyn Swanston and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 40 years of experience working in therapeutic settings. I work with adolescents, adults, couples, and families. I offer a warm, relaxing, caring, and non-judgmental approach to counseling. This approach fosters trust and motivates my clients to strive to achieve the goals they have in mind for themselves.
(734) 245-8834 View (734) 245-8834
Photo of Katelyn A. Lipp, MA, LPC, LMFT, CAADC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Katelyn A. Lipp
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LMFT, CAADC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Livonia, MI 48152
I am experienced in the areas of anxiety, depression, communication, loss of identity, addiction/substance use, grief/loss, marital conflict, relationship issues, major adjustments and life changes, self-worth, as well as stress related to school, work, and relationships.
We all reach times in our lives where we feel overwhelmed, when it feels the dust just will not settle and we feel stuck. Being able to put a voice to your struggles and finding a neutral space for that voice to land is key; that is where I come in. My goal as a therapist is to help you realize your potential for positive change in a safe and supportive environment. I come from a client-centered, insight-oriented approach, aimed at meeting the client in their present situation.
I am experienced in the areas of anxiety, depression, communication, loss of identity, addiction/substance use, grief/loss, marital conflict, relationship issues, major adjustments and life changes, self-worth, as well as stress related to school, work, and relationships.
We all reach times in our lives where we feel overwhelmed, when it feels the dust just will not settle and we feel stuck. Being able to put a voice to your struggles and finding a neutral space for that voice to land is key; that is where I come in. My goal as a therapist is to help you realize your potential for positive change in a safe and supportive environment. I come from a client-centered, insight-oriented approach, aimed at meeting the client in their present situation.
(248) 218-9458 View (248) 218-9458
Photo of Elena Vaduva, MA, LPC, NCC, Counselor
Elena Vaduva
Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Livonia, MI 48154
com Our Services:INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING: Self-Esteem, Depression, Anxiety and Stress, Life Transitions; RELATIONSHIP COUNSELING: Premarital, Marriage and Family, Codependency, Parenting; We are happy to assist you finding healing.
Do you feel overwhelmed, depressed or anxious ?Allow me to help you find NEW DIRECTIONS toward PERSONAL, RELATIONAL and SPIRITUAL WHOLENESS. I am passionate to work with INDIVIDUALS and COUPLES to find fulfillment in life. I have a special interest in RELATIONSHIP COUNSELING, as well as WOMEN issues such as depression, anxiety, abuse or parenting issues. My desire is to empower you emotionally and cognitively so you can take control over your life's difficulties. My main goal is to help you explore new strategies to turn today's emotional and spiritual struggles into life-long victories.
com Our Services:INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING: Self-Esteem, Depression, Anxiety and Stress, Life Transitions; RELATIONSHIP COUNSELING: Premarital, Marriage and Family, Codependency, Parenting; We are happy to assist you finding healing.
Do you feel overwhelmed, depressed or anxious ?Allow me to help you find NEW DIRECTIONS toward PERSONAL, RELATIONAL and SPIRITUAL WHOLENESS. I am passionate to work with INDIVIDUALS and COUPLES to find fulfillment in life. I have a special interest in RELATIONSHIP COUNSELING, as well as WOMEN issues such as depression, anxiety, abuse or parenting issues. My desire is to empower you emotionally and cognitively so you can take control over your life's difficulties. My main goal is to help you explore new strategies to turn today's emotional and spiritual struggles into life-long victories.
(734) 550-4053 View (734) 550-4053
Photo of Hannah Tanner, MS, LLPC, Counselor
Hannah Tanner
Counselor, MS, LLPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Livonia, MI 48152
If this sounds familiar, I am here to act as your guide in having a healthy relationship with your mind and body.
Do you feel like you are carrying struggles others could not possibly understand? You feel anxious, depressed, unheard, misunderstood, and tired. Tired of waiting for change and for life to feel meaningful again. Tired of past trauma that continues to resurface in unexpected ways. Perhaps you are struggling with parenting, blended families or step-parenting, causing emotional unrest and uncertainty. Perhaps you are an athlete dealing with the pressure and struggles of your craft, or maybe you are dealing with relationship issues in your life. Maybe you just simply need someone to be there for you.
If this sounds familiar, I am here to act as your guide in having a healthy relationship with your mind and body.
Do you feel like you are carrying struggles others could not possibly understand? You feel anxious, depressed, unheard, misunderstood, and tired. Tired of waiting for change and for life to feel meaningful again. Tired of past trauma that continues to resurface in unexpected ways. Perhaps you are struggling with parenting, blended families or step-parenting, causing emotional unrest and uncertainty. Perhaps you are an athlete dealing with the pressure and struggles of your craft, or maybe you are dealing with relationship issues in your life. Maybe you just simply need someone to be there for you.
(313) 385-5787 View (313) 385-5787
Photo of Dr. Jeff J. Rocker, PhD, NCC, LPC, LPCC, LMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dr. Jeff J. Rocker
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, NCC, LPC, LPCC, LMHC
Verified Verified
Livonia, MI 48152
Rocker is nationally recognized for his innovative techniques and approaches towards troubled teens, interpersonal relationship partner conflicts, and professionals struggling with work-life balance.
With 12 years of experience working with clients going through individual, relationship, and family issues, Celebrity Therapist Dr. Jeff Rocker has provided therapeutic services to clients nationwide. He is Licensed in 14 states and has served clients from all age groups. Over the years, Dr. Jeff has organized lectures and various events in the community, including excursions and retreats for couples to improve their communication and better understand each other. He has experience working with athletes in the NFL, NBA, and MLB. In addition, Dr. Jeff has also worked with clients in the Movie, Music, and Entertainment Industries.
Rocker is nationally recognized for his innovative techniques and approaches towards troubled teens, interpersonal relationship partner conflicts, and professionals struggling with work-life balance.
With 12 years of experience working with clients going through individual, relationship, and family issues, Celebrity Therapist Dr. Jeff Rocker has provided therapeutic services to clients nationwide. He is Licensed in 14 states and has served clients from all age groups. Over the years, Dr. Jeff has organized lectures and various events in the community, including excursions and retreats for couples to improve their communication and better understand each other. He has experience working with athletes in the NFL, NBA, and MLB. In addition, Dr. Jeff has also worked with clients in the Movie, Music, and Entertainment Industries.
(313) 546-0014 View (313) 546-0014
Photo of Anya Lynn Scarborough - Anya Lynn Scarborough, LMSW, SEP, LCSW, SEP, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Anya Lynn Scarborough, LMSW, SEP
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, SEP, LMSW
Verified Verified
Livonia, MI 48150
I am an Imago Relationship Therapist and am trained in the Hakomi Method and Internal Family Systems.
After being a psychotherapist for 30 years, learning and growing on the journey, I now am passionate about supporting my clients to open to learning about all the aspects of themselves, dark and light, and bringing love and acceptance to it all. It is here that we find true happiness and purpose. Through awareness, we find our way to ceasing judgement and the eternal push to find happiness outside of ourselves.. And as we learn to be in the present moment, we develop valuable skills for self regulation and resilience, freeing us to live the life of our dreams.
I am an Imago Relationship Therapist and am trained in the Hakomi Method and Internal Family Systems.
After being a psychotherapist for 30 years, learning and growing on the journey, I now am passionate about supporting my clients to open to learning about all the aspects of themselves, dark and light, and bringing love and acceptance to it all. It is here that we find true happiness and purpose. Through awareness, we find our way to ceasing judgement and the eternal push to find happiness outside of ourselves.. And as we learn to be in the present moment, we develop valuable skills for self regulation and resilience, freeing us to live the life of our dreams.
(707) 295-9282 View (707) 295-9282
Photo of William Sisung, MA, LLP, Limited Licensed Psychologist
William Sisung
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, LLP
Verified Verified
Livonia, MI 48150
I specialize in providing counseling for anxiety, depression, chemical use/dependence, and relationship issues.
It takes courage to seek out a therapist, so I use a holistic and personal approach in my sessions that helps create a safe, healthy environment for you to express yourself. My goal is to provide a non-judgmental and private space for clients to explore and gain insight into the issues affecting their life, ideally creating peace and self-acceptance. My counseling is designed to help you cope and function better in your everyday life, relationships, academics, career and family life.
I specialize in providing counseling for anxiety, depression, chemical use/dependence, and relationship issues.
It takes courage to seek out a therapist, so I use a holistic and personal approach in my sessions that helps create a safe, healthy environment for you to express yourself. My goal is to provide a non-judgmental and private space for clients to explore and gain insight into the issues affecting their life, ideally creating peace and self-acceptance. My counseling is designed to help you cope and function better in your everyday life, relationships, academics, career and family life.
(734) 666-0721 View (734) 666-0721
Photo of Amy L. Widenbaum, MSW, LMSW, CSW, ACSW, LMFT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amy L. Widenbaum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW, CSW, ACSW, LMFT
Verified Verified
Livonia, MI 48152
I have a gift of relating well with people, even with those who are uncomfortable with self disclosure. Clients are not kept waiting, and my office environment is extremely private. My passion and expertise is relationship counseling. I quickly identify problematic areas, facilitate open, loving communication, and re-establish your connections. I also specialize in depression, anxiety, adjustment/phase of life difficulties, ADHD, & sexual issues. I am skilled & work much more quickly than many Therapists, so you will gain personal growth & development and learn tools/skills quicker, therefore needing to come less frequently.
I have a gift of relating well with people, even with those who are uncomfortable with self disclosure. Clients are not kept waiting, and my office environment is extremely private. My passion and expertise is relationship counseling. I quickly identify problematic areas, facilitate open, loving communication, and re-establish your connections. I also specialize in depression, anxiety, adjustment/phase of life difficulties, ADHD, & sexual issues. I am skilled & work much more quickly than many Therapists, so you will gain personal growth & development and learn tools/skills quicker, therefore needing to come less frequently.
(248) 702-5481 View (248) 702-5481
Photo of Karen Shernit, MA, LPC, NCC, EMDR, Licensed Professional Counselor
Karen Shernit
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, EMDR
Verified Verified
Livonia, MI 48150
Waitlist for new clients
I have an individualized, empathetic, and interactive approach to psychotherapy. I work with clients in crisis, coping with previous or on-going trauma, and those simply looking for direction. I work with depression, anxiety, relationship issues, eating disorders, self-harm, sexual, emotional and/or physical abuse, LGBTQ+ issues, PTSD and complex/developmental trauma. My approach is a theoretical blend of psychodynamic, humanistic, existential, and client-centered.
I have an individualized, empathetic, and interactive approach to psychotherapy. I work with clients in crisis, coping with previous or on-going trauma, and those simply looking for direction. I work with depression, anxiety, relationship issues, eating disorders, self-harm, sexual, emotional and/or physical abuse, LGBTQ+ issues, PTSD and complex/developmental trauma. My approach is a theoretical blend of psychodynamic, humanistic, existential, and client-centered.
(734) 436-2364 View (734) 436-2364
Photo of Diana M Yurk, PhD, LP, MEd, MFT, QSW, Psychologist
Diana M Yurk
Psychologist, PhD, LP, MEd, MFT, QSW
Verified Verified
Livonia, MI 48150
I enjoy working with people of all ages. Although, most of the individuals I work with are 14 years old to 55 years old, I do work with people who are younger and older. The mix of ages is important to my practice for several reasons. My speciality is family psychotherapy and marriage counseling. Since I am addressing the family, I necessarily will deal with individuals of all ages. I work with relationship issues which may include parenting and discipline issues. In addition, I work with adults and children individually and/or within the family regarding abandonment/separation, depression, and anxiety.
I enjoy working with people of all ages. Although, most of the individuals I work with are 14 years old to 55 years old, I do work with people who are younger and older. The mix of ages is important to my practice for several reasons. My speciality is family psychotherapy and marriage counseling. Since I am addressing the family, I necessarily will deal with individuals of all ages. I work with relationship issues which may include parenting and discipline issues. In addition, I work with adults and children individually and/or within the family regarding abandonment/separation, depression, and anxiety.
(248) 615-2830 View (248) 615-2830
Photo of Ciera Renee', MA, TLLP, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Ciera Renee'
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, TLLP
Not Verified Not Verified
4 Endorsed
Livonia, MI 48150
In the journey of life, we will all face numerous crossroads and challenges. The beauty is we do not have to face them alone. You may benefit from seeking support if you experience; Difficulty navigating life's transitions, working through grief and loss, seeking relief from stress, anxiety, and/or depression, struggle with communication and emotional expression in relationships, seeking to deepen your relationship and connection God, yourself and others, desire to gain coping skills, increase self esteem or career development. No matter where you are in life growth is possible.
In the journey of life, we will all face numerous crossroads and challenges. The beauty is we do not have to face them alone. You may benefit from seeking support if you experience; Difficulty navigating life's transitions, working through grief and loss, seeking relief from stress, anxiety, and/or depression, struggle with communication and emotional expression in relationships, seeking to deepen your relationship and connection God, yourself and others, desire to gain coping skills, increase self esteem or career development. No matter where you are in life growth is possible.
(734) 206-7142 View (734) 206-7142
Photo of Diana Brda, MA, LLP, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Diana Brda
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, LLP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Livonia, MI 48150
My goal in therapy is to provide my clients a safe, secure environment in which to explore their inner thoughts and emotions. Change can be a scary and vulnerable process, but through a collaborative therapeutic relationship, I my hope that my clients establish a more comprehensive understanding of themselves and utilize healthy resources to cope with events that influence their lives. Together, within a trusting and supportive atmosphere, I hope to empower clients to achieve personal growth through awareness and recognition of their own unique perspectives and abilities.
My goal in therapy is to provide my clients a safe, secure environment in which to explore their inner thoughts and emotions. Change can be a scary and vulnerable process, but through a collaborative therapeutic relationship, I my hope that my clients establish a more comprehensive understanding of themselves and utilize healthy resources to cope with events that influence their lives. Together, within a trusting and supportive atmosphere, I hope to empower clients to achieve personal growth through awareness and recognition of their own unique perspectives and abilities.
(734) 720-4804 View (734) 720-4804
Photo of Lindsey Ohmer - Talk with Lindsey, LLC, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Talk with Lindsey, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Livonia, MI 48150  (Online Only)
I specialize in relationship issues, depression, anxiety, career challenges, childhood trauma as well as behavioral challenges.
I believe the best and most important work we can do in life, is the work we do everyday at making ourselves better. Therapy can be a great place to learn how to break habits, work through difficult situations that life presents, receive support, and grow into a new version of yourself. I have 10 years of experience working with clients of all ages and backgrounds, and enjoy working with teenagers, young adults, and women of all ages.
I specialize in relationship issues, depression, anxiety, career challenges, childhood trauma as well as behavioral challenges.
I believe the best and most important work we can do in life, is the work we do everyday at making ourselves better. Therapy can be a great place to learn how to break habits, work through difficult situations that life presents, receive support, and grow into a new version of yourself. I have 10 years of experience working with clients of all ages and backgrounds, and enjoy working with teenagers, young adults, and women of all ages.
(248) 665-8425 View (248) 665-8425
Photo of Rachel Noonchester, MA, LLP, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Rachel Noonchester
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, LLP
Verified Verified
Livonia, MI 48150  (Online Only)
I’d like to invite you to make yourself at home in the most holistic way possible. This is your time and opportunity to sit one-on-one with a skilled therapist and create a confidential space to share your thoughts, feelings, and emotions. I provide psychological assessment and treatment to adolescents – mature adults suffering from anxiety, depression, relationship concerns, family challenges, and life transitions. I see each individual as one-of-a-kind and use that mentality to tailor a unique treatment plan created just for you. I am currently seeing clients via telehealth, and I am happy to set up a free 15 minute consultation.
I’d like to invite you to make yourself at home in the most holistic way possible. This is your time and opportunity to sit one-on-one with a skilled therapist and create a confidential space to share your thoughts, feelings, and emotions. I provide psychological assessment and treatment to adolescents – mature adults suffering from anxiety, depression, relationship concerns, family challenges, and life transitions. I see each individual as one-of-a-kind and use that mentality to tailor a unique treatment plan created just for you. I am currently seeing clients via telehealth, and I am happy to set up a free 15 minute consultation.
(734) 228-1908 View (734) 228-1908
Photo of Kara Herrick, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kara Herrick
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Livonia, MI 48150  (Online Only)
Focusing on relationship dynamics with the self and others means we become more self- aware of boundaries and needs, roles and schemas we carry, co-dependency or enabling, attachment styles, and achieving marital enhancement.
After years of working with clients who expressed symptoms that were unmanageable or persistent no matter their efforts; I found the standard textbook approach for treating individuals was old and unable to create lifestyle changes so many of us searched for. I strongly believe that all patients are unique, therefore I will utilize the most integrative holistic treatment after taking into consideration the patient as a whole. I provide an open, non-judgmental environment where patients can feel safe and understood. I welcome clients of all racial and ethnic backgrounds, religions, sexual orientations, and gender identities.
Focusing on relationship dynamics with the self and others means we become more self- aware of boundaries and needs, roles and schemas we carry, co-dependency or enabling, attachment styles, and achieving marital enhancement.
After years of working with clients who expressed symptoms that were unmanageable or persistent no matter their efforts; I found the standard textbook approach for treating individuals was old and unable to create lifestyle changes so many of us searched for. I strongly believe that all patients are unique, therefore I will utilize the most integrative holistic treatment after taking into consideration the patient as a whole. I provide an open, non-judgmental environment where patients can feel safe and understood. I welcome clients of all racial and ethnic backgrounds, religions, sexual orientations, and gender identities.
(586) 501-8028 View (586) 501-8028
Photo of Christal Krause, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Christal Krause
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Livonia, MI 48152  (Online Only)
My specialties include: Anxiety, Panic, Stress Management, Relationship Issues, and processing unexpected DNA results, Non-parental, non-paternal events (NPE).
I specialize in working with adult clients with Anxiety, Panic, Stress Management, Relationship Issues, and processing unexpected DNA results, Non-parental, non-paternal events (NPE). Mis-attributed paternal event, Mis-attributed parentage (MPE).
My specialties include: Anxiety, Panic, Stress Management, Relationship Issues, and processing unexpected DNA results, Non-parental, non-paternal events (NPE).
I specialize in working with adult clients with Anxiety, Panic, Stress Management, Relationship Issues, and processing unexpected DNA results, Non-parental, non-paternal events (NPE). Mis-attributed paternal event, Mis-attributed parentage (MPE).
(734) 275-1083 View (734) 275-1083
Photo of Mark Edward Finn, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mark Edward Finn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
Livonia, MI 48152  (Online Only)
The key to effective therapy is developing a comfortable, safe and engaging relationship with the client.
Making the decision to begin therapy requires courage. It can also be the first, of many, gifts to yourself resulting in personal growth and change. If you are waking with anxiety, dealing with feelings of emptiness, having difficulty in a relationship or struggling with alcohol, substance abuse or other addictions, therapy can offer the chance to incorporate useful, healthy and appropriate skills to start the journey towards your true, authentic self.
The key to effective therapy is developing a comfortable, safe and engaging relationship with the client.
Making the decision to begin therapy requires courage. It can also be the first, of many, gifts to yourself resulting in personal growth and change. If you are waking with anxiety, dealing with feelings of emptiness, having difficulty in a relationship or struggling with alcohol, substance abuse or other addictions, therapy can offer the chance to incorporate useful, healthy and appropriate skills to start the journey towards your true, authentic self.
(313) 788-1377 View (313) 788-1377
Photo of Ashley Winokur, MA, LLC, Counselor
Ashley Winokur
Counselor, MA, LLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Livonia, MI 48152
I am here to ease those concerns and help you build a healthy relationship with yourself and others.
I am interested in working with individuals and couples struggling with anxiety, lonliness, relationship challenges, and feelings of hurt or resentment. Additionally, I am interested in working with clients experiencing depression and individuals who have experienced birth trauma.
I am here to ease those concerns and help you build a healthy relationship with yourself and others.
I am interested in working with individuals and couples struggling with anxiety, lonliness, relationship challenges, and feelings of hurt or resentment. Additionally, I am interested in working with clients experiencing depression and individuals who have experienced birth trauma.
(248) 609-3639 View (248) 609-3639
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Relationship Issues Therapists
While need for human connection appears to be innate, the ability to form healthy, loving relationships is learned. Some evidence suggests that the ability to form a stable relationship starts to form in infancy, in a child's earliest experiences with a caregiver who reliably meets the infant's needs for food, care, warmth, protection, stimulation, and social contact. Such relationships are not destiny, but they are theorized to establish deeply ingrained patterns of relating to others. The end of a relationship, however, is often a source of great psychological anguish.