Therapists in Alexandria, VA

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Photo of Senovia Ross, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Senovia Ross
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314
I work with individuals and couples evolving through various stages of their lives, whether newly married, considering divorce or dealing with other emotional life changing events. While encouraging my clients to participate fully in the therapy process, I also hold clients accountable for their progress. I have successfully treated clients coping with depression, sex/intimacy, infidelity and anxiety issues. With sensitivity and compassion, I work with each client to help them build on their strengths and identify solutions to unresolved issues. The techniques my clients find most beneficial include: Enneagram Personality Assessments, PAIRS Daily Temperature Reading, and Relationship Detox.
I work with individuals and couples evolving through various stages of their lives, whether newly married, considering divorce or dealing with other emotional life changing events. While encouraging my clients to participate fully in the therapy process, I also hold clients accountable for their progress. I have successfully treated clients coping with depression, sex/intimacy, infidelity and anxiety issues. With sensitivity and compassion, I work with each client to help them build on their strengths and identify solutions to unresolved issues. The techniques my clients find most beneficial include: Enneagram Personality Assessments, PAIRS Daily Temperature Reading, and Relationship Detox.
(703) 997-8383 View (703) 997-8383
Photo of January Gedamu - Larkspur Counseling Services, LLC, LCSW, ACSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Larkspur Counseling Services, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
As parents, you establish the teaching, training and expectations for your child in the first 7 years of their life. After that, you live out what you set up. Parenting is one of the most rewarding and difficult journeys in a person's life and at times, it may become overwhelming. I provide parenting consultations, as well as, counseling, support and education to new and expectant parents.
As parents, you establish the teaching, training and expectations for your child in the first 7 years of their life. After that, you live out what you set up. Parenting is one of the most rewarding and difficult journeys in a person's life and at times, it may become overwhelming. I provide parenting consultations, as well as, counseling, support and education to new and expectant parents.
(571) 364-7460 View (571) 364-7460
Photo of Anne Colby Wittenberg, LCSW, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Anne Colby Wittenberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22302
EVENING TELEHEALTH HOURS/BOOK WITH ME NOW BY CLICKING ON MY WEBSITE Connecting with clients and walking with them through their journey of triumphs and challenges, I have found that the connection between counselor and client is paramount. I strive to meet my clients where they are, focusing on their strengths and empowering them to make the changes they see fit rather than prescribing issue or diagnosis. I value treating each individual client with the respect they deserve. Placing emphasis on developing a relationship that is based on warmth, trust, respect, and genuine care. The ease of conversation, is client driven and casual.
EVENING TELEHEALTH HOURS/BOOK WITH ME NOW BY CLICKING ON MY WEBSITE Connecting with clients and walking with them through their journey of triumphs and challenges, I have found that the connection between counselor and client is paramount. I strive to meet my clients where they are, focusing on their strengths and empowering them to make the changes they see fit rather than prescribing issue or diagnosis. I value treating each individual client with the respect they deserve. Placing emphasis on developing a relationship that is based on warmth, trust, respect, and genuine care. The ease of conversation, is client driven and casual.
(571) 999-7003 View (571) 999-7003
Photo of Meghan Burns, LPC, LMHC, MS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Meghan Burns
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMHC, MS
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22301
Waitlist for new clients. Are you a college student navigating challenges of academics and social life? Are you looking to understand who you are as a young adult? Do you have a teen or adolescent who could benefit from tools to manage the stressors of teen years? I’m here to help young adults, teens, and adolescents grow through and manage life’s challenges. I aim to help increase self-awareness, discover what healthy communication is, and create awareness of the mind-body connection for overall wellness. My approach creates space and fosters growth for clients to improve themselves for the better.
Waitlist for new clients. Are you a college student navigating challenges of academics and social life? Are you looking to understand who you are as a young adult? Do you have a teen or adolescent who could benefit from tools to manage the stressors of teen years? I’m here to help young adults, teens, and adolescents grow through and manage life’s challenges. I aim to help increase self-awareness, discover what healthy communication is, and create awareness of the mind-body connection for overall wellness. My approach creates space and fosters growth for clients to improve themselves for the better.
(703) 828-0531 View (703) 828-0531
Photo of Rebecca Jane Peterson - Rebecca J. Peterson, Ph.D., PhD, Psychologist
Rebecca J. Peterson, Ph.D.
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314
Not accepting new clients
If you want to improve how you feel or are having difficulty achieving your goals, participating in psychotherapy might be able to help you. I provide individual and group psychotherapy in a supportive and confidential environment. Treatment is designed to help you develop and implement skills and strategies that will assist you in making positive changes in your life. Treatment plans are developed collaboratively and are tailored to help you achieve your desired treatment and personal goals.
If you want to improve how you feel or are having difficulty achieving your goals, participating in psychotherapy might be able to help you. I provide individual and group psychotherapy in a supportive and confidential environment. Treatment is designed to help you develop and implement skills and strategies that will assist you in making positive changes in your life. Treatment plans are developed collaboratively and are tailored to help you achieve your desired treatment and personal goals.
(703) 270-0832 View (703) 270-0832
Photo of Jill Harrington-Lamorie, DSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jill Harrington-Lamorie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22305  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Life can present us with many changes & transitions that can affect our mental, spiritual, social & physical well-being. Stress is one of the greatest contributors to poor health & quality of life. As we transition through life, we may face losses, such as relocation, infertility/pregnancy loss, identity loss​, losses associated with family/parenting/dating; illness/disabling conditions, job & life stress, mid-life issues & aging; challenges to increased feelings of grief, anxiety, & stress. The loss of a loved one is one of the most distressing life circumstances humans endure, and grief is our natural reaction to profound loss.
Life can present us with many changes & transitions that can affect our mental, spiritual, social & physical well-being. Stress is one of the greatest contributors to poor health & quality of life. As we transition through life, we may face losses, such as relocation, infertility/pregnancy loss, identity loss​, losses associated with family/parenting/dating; illness/disabling conditions, job & life stress, mid-life issues & aging; challenges to increased feelings of grief, anxiety, & stress. The loss of a loved one is one of the most distressing life circumstances humans endure, and grief is our natural reaction to profound loss.
(571) 202-6259 View (571) 202-6259
Photo of Sabrina Polio, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sabrina Polio
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314
I specialize in anxiety disorders, depression, and obsessive compulsive disorders in adolescents and adults. I have a particular passion for working with athletes of all levels; professional, collegiate, and recreational. As a former high school and collegiate rower, I understand the physical, emotional, and mental challenges of athletes and their families. I work with athletes who are struggling with anxiety, confidence, focus, or team dynamics. Additionally, I work with athletes experiencing acute and chronic injuries, pain, illness, or physical changes with aging.
I specialize in anxiety disorders, depression, and obsessive compulsive disorders in adolescents and adults. I have a particular passion for working with athletes of all levels; professional, collegiate, and recreational. As a former high school and collegiate rower, I understand the physical, emotional, and mental challenges of athletes and their families. I work with athletes who are struggling with anxiety, confidence, focus, or team dynamics. Additionally, I work with athletes experiencing acute and chronic injuries, pain, illness, or physical changes with aging.
(571) 946-8847 View (571) 946-8847
Photo of Emily Stuart, MS Ed, NCC
Emily Stuart
Resident in Counseling, MS Ed, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22304
Waitlist for new clients
We are all made up of parts. Each part, whether striving for control, numbing painful or uncomfortable feelings, or lashing out in anger, is doing everything in its best intention to protect the most vulnerable, extreme, exiled or suffering parts of you. Together, we can access these parts and let them know that we are already safe, allowing for self-led healing of our innermost exiled parts. Therapy allows space for all parts of ourselves to unfold, just as we are, without judgement, striving, or urgency.
We are all made up of parts. Each part, whether striving for control, numbing painful or uncomfortable feelings, or lashing out in anger, is doing everything in its best intention to protect the most vulnerable, extreme, exiled or suffering parts of you. Together, we can access these parts and let them know that we are already safe, allowing for self-led healing of our innermost exiled parts. Therapy allows space for all parts of ourselves to unfold, just as we are, without judgement, striving, or urgency.
(571) 556-3241 View (571) 556-3241
Photo of Katie M Scopelliti, PsyD, Pre-Licensed Professional
Katie M Scopelliti
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314
It is natural and beneficial for us to seek connection and support, especially during challenging times. If you have found yourself here because you are going through a difficult situation, you feel stuck or unhappy, or you want to gain a better understanding of yourself, then welcome! I value the unique elements and narratives clients bring to therapy and provide warmth, acceptance, and understanding as foundational elements of my work. By working collaboratively with clients and tailoring interventions to their unique needs, I aim to facilitate relief and desired change within a meaningful therapeutic relationship.
It is natural and beneficial for us to seek connection and support, especially during challenging times. If you have found yourself here because you are going through a difficult situation, you feel stuck or unhappy, or you want to gain a better understanding of yourself, then welcome! I value the unique elements and narratives clients bring to therapy and provide warmth, acceptance, and understanding as foundational elements of my work. By working collaboratively with clients and tailoring interventions to their unique needs, I aim to facilitate relief and desired change within a meaningful therapeutic relationship.
(571) 774-8461 View (571) 774-8461
Photo of Mary Jouett Rodman, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mary Jouett Rodman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314
Are you overwhelmed by challenges? Have you struggled with anorexia, bulimia, or binge eating? With special training in body image issues, Mary can help you on the path to recovery. Treatment will be holistic and eclectic, tailored to your needs, using the tools that work best for you, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Motivational Interviewing, and mindfulness. You can expect practical tools that you can apply in your everyday life to fell and function better. In all cases, you are at the center of the therapy and your needs will drive the therapy process forward. If you are ready to move forward, reach out for help.
Are you overwhelmed by challenges? Have you struggled with anorexia, bulimia, or binge eating? With special training in body image issues, Mary can help you on the path to recovery. Treatment will be holistic and eclectic, tailored to your needs, using the tools that work best for you, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Motivational Interviewing, and mindfulness. You can expect practical tools that you can apply in your everyday life to fell and function better. In all cases, you are at the center of the therapy and your needs will drive the therapy process forward. If you are ready to move forward, reach out for help.
(703) 947-0647 View (703) 947-0647
Photo of Annie Carro, Pre-Licensed Professional
Annie Carro
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314  (Online Only)
I'm a Resident in Counseling in Virginia, specializing in providing mental health support to individuals facing various challenges, with a particular focus on multiculturalism, anxiety, depression, and life transitions. I primarily work with adolescents, and young adults. 
While working in Fairfax Counseling Public Schools in various capacities, I discovered a passion for helping my students develop healthy ways to navigate stress and improve their health and wellness. My therapy style cultivates a supportive environment where clients feel empowered to bravely share their thoughts and emotions without fear of judgment.
I'm a Resident in Counseling in Virginia, specializing in providing mental health support to individuals facing various challenges, with a particular focus on multiculturalism, anxiety, depression, and life transitions. I primarily work with adolescents, and young adults. 
While working in Fairfax Counseling Public Schools in various capacities, I discovered a passion for helping my students develop healthy ways to navigate stress and improve their health and wellness. My therapy style cultivates a supportive environment where clients feel empowered to bravely share their thoughts and emotions without fear of judgment.
(571) 605-6587 View (571) 605-6587
Photo of Sean Graham, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sean Graham
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314
I am an LCSW with 20+ years of experience working with adolescents and adults to assist them in addressing life's problems. I believe on focusing on the here and now and how to make you live life to its fullest. If you are struggling and are looking for some help with coping, I welcome the opportunity to learn about your story and join you on the expedition. My goal is to help you heal, and we can explore and identify personal goals to improve your life.
I am an LCSW with 20+ years of experience working with adolescents and adults to assist them in addressing life's problems. I believe on focusing on the here and now and how to make you live life to its fullest. If you are struggling and are looking for some help with coping, I welcome the opportunity to learn about your story and join you on the expedition. My goal is to help you heal, and we can explore and identify personal goals to improve your life.
(703) 372-9021 View (703) 372-9021
Photo of Jennifer Redlin, LMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jennifer Redlin
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314
Jenny Leigh Redlin is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and Licensed Professional Counselor (LMHC, LPC) with over 10 years of experience assisting adults who are struggling with trauma, shame, regret, difficult life transitions, low feelings of self-worth, anxiety, depression, or identity-related issues.
Jenny Leigh Redlin is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and Licensed Professional Counselor (LMHC, LPC) with over 10 years of experience assisting adults who are struggling with trauma, shame, regret, difficult life transitions, low feelings of self-worth, anxiety, depression, or identity-related issues.
(571) 556-9889 View (571) 556-9889
Photo of Dr. Sara Carroll Johnson, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Sara Carroll Johnson
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22304  (Online Only)
I enjoy working with adult clients who are interested in time-limited, evidence-based psychotherapy to address anxiety, depression, panic symptoms, PTSD, grief, and insomnia.
I enjoy working with adult clients who are interested in time-limited, evidence-based psychotherapy to address anxiety, depression, panic symptoms, PTSD, grief, and insomnia.
(571) 583-3919 View (571) 583-3919
Photo of Peter T. Luehring-Jones, PhD, Psychologist
Peter T. Luehring-Jones
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314  (Online Only)
I work with adults who struggle with PTSD and the lasting effects of traumatic experiences and aim to provide affirming, nonjudgmental, and person-centered therapy to help you make positive and sustainable change in your life. Are you ready to step out of the past and live the life you deserve in the here and now? Together, we'll process traumatic memories, disarm triggers, and reduce avoidance so that you can lower your guard and be fully present for yourself and your loved ones. No matter how long you've suffered with PTSD, you can make changes to bring greater understanding, empowerment, and peace into your life.
I work with adults who struggle with PTSD and the lasting effects of traumatic experiences and aim to provide affirming, nonjudgmental, and person-centered therapy to help you make positive and sustainable change in your life. Are you ready to step out of the past and live the life you deserve in the here and now? Together, we'll process traumatic memories, disarm triggers, and reduce avoidance so that you can lower your guard and be fully present for yourself and your loved ones. No matter how long you've suffered with PTSD, you can make changes to bring greater understanding, empowerment, and peace into your life.
(571) 351-1669 View (571) 351-1669
Photo of David Lyons, LICSW, LCSW, LCSW-C, BCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
David Lyons
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW, LCSW-C, BCD
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314
As a Clinical Social Worker, I have provided counseling services within various agencies since 2002. My work is focused on enhancing the emotional well-being of those who are experiencing combat trauma, grief and loss, domestic violence, PTSD, anxiety, depression, and childhood trauma. My training has afforded me with the opportunity to assist individuals and families with establishing a foundation for the long-term management of their mental health needs.
As a Clinical Social Worker, I have provided counseling services within various agencies since 2002. My work is focused on enhancing the emotional well-being of those who are experiencing combat trauma, grief and loss, domestic violence, PTSD, anxiety, depression, and childhood trauma. My training has afforded me with the opportunity to assist individuals and families with establishing a foundation for the long-term management of their mental health needs.
(703) 337-3094 View (703) 337-3094
Photo of Heather Hamed-Moore, Licensed Professional Counselor
Heather Hamed-Moore
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22304  (Online Only)
My name is Heather Hamed-Moore and I am a licensed professional counselor in Virginia. I have a Master’s degree from Virginia Tech in Counselor Education and have been practicing since 2009 in a variety of settings including public mental health facilities, private practice, and schools. I am an LGBTQIA-affirming clinician and have a passion for working with same-sex couples, and individuals who identify as LGBTQIA+. I also have experience working with individuals with a history of trauma, those who struggle with anxiety and depression, and those with other mental health concerns.
My name is Heather Hamed-Moore and I am a licensed professional counselor in Virginia. I have a Master’s degree from Virginia Tech in Counselor Education and have been practicing since 2009 in a variety of settings including public mental health facilities, private practice, and schools. I am an LGBTQIA-affirming clinician and have a passion for working with same-sex couples, and individuals who identify as LGBTQIA+. I also have experience working with individuals with a history of trauma, those who struggle with anxiety and depression, and those with other mental health concerns.
(571) 516-3612 View (571) 516-3612
Photo of Raven Green, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Raven Green
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314
We understand that the decision to begin therapy may be difficult. Limited finances, perceived family rejection, lack of time, and cultural barriers are just a few reasons why individuals refrain from embarking on this life-altering journey. Regardless of the reasons, Professional Psychological Services is dedicated to helping you reach your full potential. We promise to provide a safe environment where your values will not be judged, but instead, we will work together to create a new way of living to reach your full potential and maximize your talents.
We understand that the decision to begin therapy may be difficult. Limited finances, perceived family rejection, lack of time, and cultural barriers are just a few reasons why individuals refrain from embarking on this life-altering journey. Regardless of the reasons, Professional Psychological Services is dedicated to helping you reach your full potential. We promise to provide a safe environment where your values will not be judged, but instead, we will work together to create a new way of living to reach your full potential and maximize your talents.
(571) 200-2288 View (571) 200-2288
Photo of Heather Hayden, LPC-R, Pre-Licensed Professional
Heather Hayden
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC-R
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314
Hi Everyone, I am a Resident in Counseling providing counseling services via telehealth and in person at the Healthy Minds Therapy Alexandria location. I have experience working with teens and adults in residential and outpatient settings in crisis. I currently specialize in domestic violence & emotional abuse, self esteem, depression/anxiety and disordered eating.
Hi Everyone, I am a Resident in Counseling providing counseling services via telehealth and in person at the Healthy Minds Therapy Alexandria location. I have experience working with teens and adults in residential and outpatient settings in crisis. I currently specialize in domestic violence & emotional abuse, self esteem, depression/anxiety and disordered eating.
(540) 845-6940 x1 View (540) 845-6940 x1
Photo of Lynee Sparrow, RIC
Lynee Sparrow
Resident in Counseling, RIC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Alexandria, VA 22314
As a dedicated and compassionate counselor, I bring a wealth of experience from my background as a School Counselor, Educator, and Training Specialist where I've had the privilege of supporting children, adolescents, adults, and families through various life transitions. In my therapeutic approach, I recognize that true change involves a holistic understanding of one's self and a connection between our mental, physical, and emotional health. My commitment is to create a therapeutic space where individuals feel seen, heard, and supported in their journey towards self-discovery and personal growth.
As a dedicated and compassionate counselor, I bring a wealth of experience from my background as a School Counselor, Educator, and Training Specialist where I've had the privilege of supporting children, adolescents, adults, and families through various life transitions. In my therapeutic approach, I recognize that true change involves a holistic understanding of one's self and a connection between our mental, physical, and emotional health. My commitment is to create a therapeutic space where individuals feel seen, heard, and supported in their journey towards self-discovery and personal growth.
(571) 616-9621 View (571) 616-9621
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Alexandria, VA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$161

Therapists in Alexandria, VA who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
91% Depression
80% Self Esteem
76% Stress
75% Relationship Issues
74% Coping Skills
70% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% BlueCross and BlueShield
70% Cigna and Evernorth
65% Aetna

How Therapists in Alexandria, VA see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

86% Female
13% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Alexandria?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.