Therapists in Vandalia, IL
![Photo of Chris Burgess, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/8dd412a8-64d9-4f24-916d-5984e82a52ba/1/320x400.jpeg)
Courage isn’t having the strength to go on - it is going on when you don’t feel like you have the strength. You need an immense amount of courage to stay the course and struggle even when you are almost ready to give up on life. I am here to listen, and walk beside you even when it feels like everything and maybe everyone is against you.
Courage isn’t having the strength to go on - it is going on when you don’t feel like you have the strength. You need an immense amount of courage to stay the course and struggle even when you are almost ready to give up on life. I am here to listen, and walk beside you even when it feels like everything and maybe everyone is against you.
![Photo of Andrea Lopez, SSP, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ec4573a6-cb5b-4df5-9144-d7e43737c7db/2/320x400.jpeg)
I enjoy working with families from all backgrounds. My ideal clients are young children to adolescents, LGBTQ+ individuals, and multicultural families, including first- and second-generation Latinx individuals navigating generational differences. These clients often face anxiety, identity struggles, and cultural conflicts. They need a safe, supportive space to explore their feelings and experiences. Their goals are to build resilience, improve communication, and achieve a sense of belonging. I incorporate diverse techniques to address their unique needs, always taking a relational, cultural, and trauma- focused approach in my work.
I enjoy working with families from all backgrounds. My ideal clients are young children to adolescents, LGBTQ+ individuals, and multicultural families, including first- and second-generation Latinx individuals navigating generational differences. These clients often face anxiety, identity struggles, and cultural conflicts. They need a safe, supportive space to explore their feelings and experiences. Their goals are to build resilience, improve communication, and achieve a sense of belonging. I incorporate diverse techniques to address their unique needs, always taking a relational, cultural, and trauma- focused approach in my work.
![Photo of Zachary Stephenson, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/bb3fe071-6430-4909-a73f-ff79d417bfc3/2/320x400.jpeg)
You know something is wrong, but you are not sure what it is, why it happened, or how to fix it. You think you probably need help, but it's hard to know where to start. You worry about being overmedicated or wasting your time. You want to figure out, once and for all, what is going on and how to take care of it. Does this sound familiar?
You know something is wrong, but you are not sure what it is, why it happened, or how to fix it. You think you probably need help, but it's hard to know where to start. You worry about being overmedicated or wasting your time. You want to figure out, once and for all, what is going on and how to take care of it. Does this sound familiar?
![Photo of Britni Hosick, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/6cd28374-d10a-4506-ad6d-81d7fa9ed598/2/320x400.jpeg)
Britni Hosick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Vandalia, IL 62471 (Online Only)
Hi! I am a Christian Counselor who strives to walk alongside you on your journey to health and healing. I use a variety of approaches and techniques tailored to you in order for you to find hope, connection, and restoration in the most challenging of struggles. You are taking such a courageous step by pursuing therapy and my prayer is that you would feel loved, safe, and cared for here as we navigate the valleys of life while growing closer to Jesus in the process.
Hi! I am a Christian Counselor who strives to walk alongside you on your journey to health and healing. I use a variety of approaches and techniques tailored to you in order for you to find hope, connection, and restoration in the most challenging of struggles. You are taking such a courageous step by pursuing therapy and my prayer is that you would feel loved, safe, and cared for here as we navigate the valleys of life while growing closer to Jesus in the process.
![Photo of Jessica Wright - Wright Choice Counseling, Group Practice, LCSW, EMDR, Couples, BSP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/df384e80-1cc3-4c15-91ad-d0a4a2a428ba/1/320x400.png)
Wright Choice Counseling, Group Practice
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR, Couples, BSP
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Vandalia, IL 62471
Taking the first step to tackle life's challenges and seek help is a big deal! At Wright Choice Counseling, we're here to support you every step of the way. Our diverse team of awesome clinicians is ready to help individuals, couples, and families. We believe everyone has unique strengths, and we're all about helping you grow and shine. Whether you prefer a cozy chat in one of our beautiful offices or a comfy online Let's make magic happen together! We turn challenges into opportunities and inspire self-exploration in a shame-free, supportive space!
Taking the first step to tackle life's challenges and seek help is a big deal! At Wright Choice Counseling, we're here to support you every step of the way. Our diverse team of awesome clinicians is ready to help individuals, couples, and families. We believe everyone has unique strengths, and we're all about helping you grow and shine. Whether you prefer a cozy chat in one of our beautiful offices or a comfy online Let's make magic happen together! We turn challenges into opportunities and inspire self-exploration in a shame-free, supportive space!
![Photo of Candice Muhammad, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/588a795c-0296-4cf1-8a86-63179cd1cfae/1/320x400.jpeg)
Life is full of challenges. I believe that everyone has the right to live an engaged, balanced, and satisfying life. Are you ready to start feeling better? You don't have to do it alone. I am a licensed clinical social worker with over 10 years of experience in counseling individuals, families, and couples. Expertise in Mood Disorders, Grief and Loss, Depression and Anxiety, Postpartum, and Recovering from Trauma. Starting therapy can be a difficult decision, but it can open up many doors for personal growth. I can't wait to connect with you!
Life is full of challenges. I believe that everyone has the right to live an engaged, balanced, and satisfying life. Are you ready to start feeling better? You don't have to do it alone. I am a licensed clinical social worker with over 10 years of experience in counseling individuals, families, and couples. Expertise in Mood Disorders, Grief and Loss, Depression and Anxiety, Postpartum, and Recovering from Trauma. Starting therapy can be a difficult decision, but it can open up many doors for personal growth. I can't wait to connect with you!
![Photo of Tina White, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/bf0f213f-5332-473d-82bf-f1bf502e5fdc/1/320x400.png)
Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over ten years of professional experience as a non-profit leader and clinician providing direct services to a diverse population. I’m a member of the LGBTQIA+ community and have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, trauma/abuse, adverse child experiences, gender and sexual identity, and substance use issues. I often use a cognitive-behavioral, strengths-based approach within a trauma-informed and harm reduction framework. My training and experience benefit survivors of trauma, life transitions, psychological distress, and identity issues.
Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over ten years of professional experience as a non-profit leader and clinician providing direct services to a diverse population. I’m a member of the LGBTQIA+ community and have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, trauma/abuse, adverse child experiences, gender and sexual identity, and substance use issues. I often use a cognitive-behavioral, strengths-based approach within a trauma-informed and harm reduction framework. My training and experience benefit survivors of trauma, life transitions, psychological distress, and identity issues.
![Photo of Katrina Schoenfeld, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/c36c2695-299f-4573-970f-c96da6499a9a/1/320x400.jpeg)
Katrina Schoenfeld
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Vandalia, IL 62471
If you find yourself carrying the weight of traumatic experiences, grappling with persistent negative beliefs, or feeling a disconnection from yourself, I am here to offer support and guidance. Together, we can unravel the layers of your experiences, providing a path towards growth, self-acceptance, and a renewed sense of purpose. I believe in the inherent strength within each individual and the capacity for profound healing. My therapeutic approach is collaborative, client-centered, and grounded in the belief that everyone deserves a space to be heard, understood, and validated.
If you find yourself carrying the weight of traumatic experiences, grappling with persistent negative beliefs, or feeling a disconnection from yourself, I am here to offer support and guidance. Together, we can unravel the layers of your experiences, providing a path towards growth, self-acceptance, and a renewed sense of purpose. I believe in the inherent strength within each individual and the capacity for profound healing. My therapeutic approach is collaborative, client-centered, and grounded in the belief that everyone deserves a space to be heard, understood, and validated.
More Therapists Nearby
![Photo of Kari Stearns-Lamb, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f77ac873-f36e-4021-9b63-ccee184055ad/1/320x400.jpeg)
Hello, my name is Kari Stearns-Lamb. I am a licensed clinical social worker in both Illinois and Iowa. My priority is you, and what you need to feel successful in your life. I believe in the holistic approach. This allows you to heal by taking all of your life experiences into consideration during the treatment process. I enjoy working with adults ages 18 and up. I have a mix of experiences that allows me to adjust my therapy approaches as needed. I strongly believe in nonjudgmental therapy and a trusting relationship. It is a true privilege to work with each of my clients, and I honor the relationships and the trust placed in me.
Hello, my name is Kari Stearns-Lamb. I am a licensed clinical social worker in both Illinois and Iowa. My priority is you, and what you need to feel successful in your life. I believe in the holistic approach. This allows you to heal by taking all of your life experiences into consideration during the treatment process. I enjoy working with adults ages 18 and up. I have a mix of experiences that allows me to adjust my therapy approaches as needed. I strongly believe in nonjudgmental therapy and a trusting relationship. It is a true privilege to work with each of my clients, and I honor the relationships and the trust placed in me.
![Photo of Robin Denk, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/5afba115-e64b-4f14-bfec-0137e8f6350b/1/320x400.png)
Hi, I am Robin Denk, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 16 years of clinical experience working with clients with a wide range of concerns, including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges, emotional abuse, and trauma. My therapeutic approach is client-centered, utilizing cognitive behavioral therapy, solution-focused, narrative therapy, mindfulness, and attachment theory tailored to your needs. I believe that it is my duty to help others during painful times in their lives ultimately.
Hi, I am Robin Denk, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 16 years of clinical experience working with clients with a wide range of concerns, including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges, emotional abuse, and trauma. My therapeutic approach is client-centered, utilizing cognitive behavioral therapy, solution-focused, narrative therapy, mindfulness, and attachment theory tailored to your needs. I believe that it is my duty to help others during painful times in their lives ultimately.
![Photo of Teena Marie Mabry, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/13703e6b-bb2f-4e55-a629-c927b7d9834a/1/320x400.jpeg)
My name is Teena Mabry, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) serving clients statewide in Illinois via telehealth. I have worked with all populations, but my focus is working with adults (18 & up). I specialize in depression, anxiety, stress management/burnout, work trauma, relationship issues and clients dealing with chronic illnesses.
My name is Teena Mabry, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) serving clients statewide in Illinois via telehealth. I have worked with all populations, but my focus is working with adults (18 & up). I specialize in depression, anxiety, stress management/burnout, work trauma, relationship issues and clients dealing with chronic illnesses.
Online Therapists
![Photo of Colleen Aziz, LCPC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/22bd9d46-dec0-4ae1-b688-c22c72b55e35/2/320x400.jpeg)
The best compliment I ever received was that I’m the “human embodiment of a cup of tea.” I bring that same warmth, compassion, and calm to every counseling relationship.
The best compliment I ever received was that I’m the “human embodiment of a cup of tea.” I bring that same warmth, compassion, and calm to every counseling relationship.
![Photo of Jody Lurk, LCPC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/55073881-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
Seeking change in your life can be an immense challenge, one that not many people choose to take on. Choosing to begin counseling can be an intimidating, frightening, and anxiety producing experience. From the moment you walk in to my office, I strive to provide you with a compassionate and understanding environment, where you feel safe to work through issues at your own pace.
Seeking change in your life can be an immense challenge, one that not many people choose to take on. Choosing to begin counseling can be an intimidating, frightening, and anxiety producing experience. From the moment you walk in to my office, I strive to provide you with a compassionate and understanding environment, where you feel safe to work through issues at your own pace.
![Photo of Brittney McVey, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e3cb4a6f-a203-42db-a8ab-62f9e5a0bcd3/2/320x400.jpeg)
My name is Brittney McVey and I'm a licensed clinical social worker. I have experience providing individual, group, and family therapy. My areas of expertise include working with clients experiencing mental health concerns such as anxiety, depression, grief & loss, and anger management. I use CBT and DBT to create individualized treatment plans for each client. Through professional support in conjunction with evidence-based practices, clients can understand their mental health concerns more clearly, learn about the positive effects of coping skills, and learn how to manage their emotional well-being more effectively.
My name is Brittney McVey and I'm a licensed clinical social worker. I have experience providing individual, group, and family therapy. My areas of expertise include working with clients experiencing mental health concerns such as anxiety, depression, grief & loss, and anger management. I use CBT and DBT to create individualized treatment plans for each client. Through professional support in conjunction with evidence-based practices, clients can understand their mental health concerns more clearly, learn about the positive effects of coping skills, and learn how to manage their emotional well-being more effectively.
![Photo of Marsha McIntosh, LCPC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/99feeb6d-a2e9-4384-b702-0360e43021cb/1/320x400.jpeg)
You know in your heart when it is time- time to figure out why you don't feel happy, or why you feel you are going in circles, or why you can't seem to solve an issue. You realize it is time to go in a different direction, to build strength and confidence, and to get though this current challenge. Are you ready to make changes and brave enough to walk away from patterns that are unhealthy? You deserve to live a life that you love- start today by beginning therapy!
You know in your heart when it is time- time to figure out why you don't feel happy, or why you feel you are going in circles, or why you can't seem to solve an issue. You realize it is time to go in a different direction, to build strength and confidence, and to get though this current challenge. Are you ready to make changes and brave enough to walk away from patterns that are unhealthy? You deserve to live a life that you love- start today by beginning therapy!
![Photo of Angela M Ingram, MA, LCPC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/49d4a9a2-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
Whether you've been to a counselor before or this is your first time seeking help, I offer acceptance, openness, and inclusion to everyone. Some concerns I've helped others with include but are not limited to depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder and traits, trauma, abuse, sexuality, substance use, work stress, and caregiver stress.
Whether you've been to a counselor before or this is your first time seeking help, I offer acceptance, openness, and inclusion to everyone. Some concerns I've helped others with include but are not limited to depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder and traits, trauma, abuse, sexuality, substance use, work stress, and caregiver stress.
![Photo of Adi Puckett, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/65f0ba21-0387-41e4-aaab-cf103a4fbbcc/1/320x400.jpeg)
I use my background in health sciences and a collection of eclectic life experiences to join you on common ground and help you better understand the trajectory of your life by filling in the gaps between who you are now and who you are designed to be. By identifying where growth is needed, setting goals and objectives, and holding accountability, I can help you develop a better command over the stressors, fears, and anxieties associated with: Life Transitions, Relationship Management, and Spiritual Growth
I use my background in health sciences and a collection of eclectic life experiences to join you on common ground and help you better understand the trajectory of your life by filling in the gaps between who you are now and who you are designed to be. By identifying where growth is needed, setting goals and objectives, and holding accountability, I can help you develop a better command over the stressors, fears, and anxieties associated with: Life Transitions, Relationship Management, and Spiritual Growth
![Photo of Keona Johnson, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/7ffad94d-b45c-48dd-89f7-f6a26a3ca6f1/2/320x400.jpeg)
Feeling stuck, sad, lost, overwhelmed, drained, or confused? Repeating the same behavior patterns and want things to change but don’t know where to start? Let’s be honest, sometimes life can be great and sometimes life can really suck! Dealing with day-to-day struggles or past hurts can be emotionally taxing and often prevents us from being the person we want to be and live the life we want to live. The good news is you don’t have to navigate life’s complexities alone. My goal is to assist you in meeting your practical goals leading you to a more manageable and fulfilling life you can find enjoyment in.
Feeling stuck, sad, lost, overwhelmed, drained, or confused? Repeating the same behavior patterns and want things to change but don’t know where to start? Let’s be honest, sometimes life can be great and sometimes life can really suck! Dealing with day-to-day struggles or past hurts can be emotionally taxing and often prevents us from being the person we want to be and live the life we want to live. The good news is you don’t have to navigate life’s complexities alone. My goal is to assist you in meeting your practical goals leading you to a more manageable and fulfilling life you can find enjoyment in.
![Photo of Katherine Getowicz, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/0a250a72-f09c-4abb-b33d-42d644e57d78/1/320x400.jpeg)
Katie Getowicz, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, works with individuals, couples, and families struggling with mood disorders, behavior concerns, relationship distress, and more. She is sensitive to the intersectionality of multicultural identities and is committed to social justice for marginalized groups. Katie integrates therapy approaches, such as CBT, Solution-Focused Therapy, Internal Family Systems, and Mindfulness to personalize treatment based on client preferences, unique needs, and inherent strengths. She also takes a trauma-informed approach to serving all clients.
Katie Getowicz, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, works with individuals, couples, and families struggling with mood disorders, behavior concerns, relationship distress, and more. She is sensitive to the intersectionality of multicultural identities and is committed to social justice for marginalized groups. Katie integrates therapy approaches, such as CBT, Solution-Focused Therapy, Internal Family Systems, and Mindfulness to personalize treatment based on client preferences, unique needs, and inherent strengths. She also takes a trauma-informed approach to serving all clients.
![Photo of Patricia Mosbacher - Rippling Waters Counseling PLLC, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f5e3be12-af6d-4888-bd02-b1686c2d71b0/2/320x400.png)
Rippling Waters Counseling PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Waterloo, IL 62298 (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Do you run away from things you are afraid of or shut down? I can help you gain confidence and courage. Ruminating on what causes anxiety doesn't help, it just makes it worse. Feeling like there is no hope is immobilizing and it tears down your ability to feel good about what is happening in life. Disturbing events or traumas can be so devastating that it makes one feel like there is constant danger ahead or like there must be something wrong with them for allowing such things to happen. Let me help you feel less depressed, anxious, obsessed, or afraid and give you the boost that you need to create the life you want.
Do you run away from things you are afraid of or shut down? I can help you gain confidence and courage. Ruminating on what causes anxiety doesn't help, it just makes it worse. Feeling like there is no hope is immobilizing and it tears down your ability to feel good about what is happening in life. Disturbing events or traumas can be so devastating that it makes one feel like there is constant danger ahead or like there must be something wrong with them for allowing such things to happen. Let me help you feel less depressed, anxious, obsessed, or afraid and give you the boost that you need to create the life you want.
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Nearby Searches for Vandalia
See More TherapistsHow does your Therapist compare?
Number of Therapists in Vandalia, IL
< 10
Therapists in Vandalia, IL who prioritize treating:
100% | Depression |
88% | Anxiety |
63% | Relationship Issues |
63% | ADHD |
50% | Trauma and PTSD |
50% | Coping Skills |
50% | Stress |
Average years in practice
8 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
100% | Aetna |
100% | BlueCross and BlueShield |
100% | Optum |
How Therapists in Vandalia, IL see their clients
88% | In Person and Online | |
12% | Online Only |
Gender breakdown
75% | Female | |
25% | Male |
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling
How can I find a therapist in Vandalia?
Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?
The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?
Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
What type of therapy is right for me?
The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.
How much does therapy cost?
The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.
What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?
Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.
Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?
Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.
Is online therapy a good option?
Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.
Are therapy sessions confidential?
Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.