Therapists in Saint Leonard, MD

Photo of Audra Ann Howard, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Audra Ann Howard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Leonard, MD 20685
Not accepting new clients
I enjoy working with adolescents and adults that are struggling with the challenges of everyday life. My focus areas are trauma, mental health, and substance abuse.
I enjoy working with adolescents and adults that are struggling with the challenges of everyday life. My focus areas are trauma, mental health, and substance abuse.
(240) 581-8322 View (240) 581-8322
Photo of Michele L Wilbur, LCPC
Michele L Wilbur
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Saint Leonard, MD 20685  (Online Only)
Sometimes day to day life can be a challenge to cope with. Maybe life circumstances cause you to feel anxious, depressed or frustrated with daily life. Whether you are struggling with a relationship, grieving a loss, going through a divorce, or battle with low self-esteem and confidence, counseling can help you work through it. I want to help you set positive goals and strive to lead a healthy daily life.
Sometimes day to day life can be a challenge to cope with. Maybe life circumstances cause you to feel anxious, depressed or frustrated with daily life. Whether you are struggling with a relationship, grieving a loss, going through a divorce, or battle with low self-esteem and confidence, counseling can help you work through it. I want to help you set positive goals and strive to lead a healthy daily life.
(443) 973-5234 View (443) 973-5234
Photo of Nicole Jackson, LCSW-C, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nicole Jackson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, MSW
Verified Verified
Saint Leonard, MD 20685  (Online Only)
I believe that effective therapy is built on trust and unconditional empathy. My treatment approach is rooted in the importance of the individual, using methods such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Strength-Based Therapy, and Somatic skills. In our sessions, you can expect a warm, judgment free space where you can openly express your thoughts and feelings. I am dedicated to taking the time to truly get to know you, so that I can incorporate your interests into treatment in creative ways. I want you to not only process your past, but be equipped with practical tools to fuel your future.
I believe that effective therapy is built on trust and unconditional empathy. My treatment approach is rooted in the importance of the individual, using methods such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Strength-Based Therapy, and Somatic skills. In our sessions, you can expect a warm, judgment free space where you can openly express your thoughts and feelings. I am dedicated to taking the time to truly get to know you, so that I can incorporate your interests into treatment in creative ways. I want you to not only process your past, but be equipped with practical tools to fuel your future.
(301) 591-6086 View (301) 591-6086

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Anita Wiley - PC Counseling Services, LLC, MS, LCPC, NCC
PC Counseling Services, LLC
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MS, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Prince Frederick, MD 20678
I AM HERE TO HELP. If you are feeling upset, sad, or even angry because of a recent breakup, divorce, loss of a loved one, or the loss of your ability to function well due to a chronic illness, let me assist you so that you can begin to enjoy your life again. I am a Board Certified Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor with a Master's degree from Loyola University College. I have over thirteen years of clinical experience treating individuals with emotional and mental health issues. Call today to schedule an appointment!
I AM HERE TO HELP. If you are feeling upset, sad, or even angry because of a recent breakup, divorce, loss of a loved one, or the loss of your ability to function well due to a chronic illness, let me assist you so that you can begin to enjoy your life again. I am a Board Certified Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor with a Master's degree from Loyola University College. I have over thirteen years of clinical experience treating individuals with emotional and mental health issues. Call today to schedule an appointment!
(240) 428-6636 View (240) 428-6636
Photo of Arlee Buchanan, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Arlee Buchanan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Prince Frederick, MD 20678
Not accepting new clients
I know from personal and professional experience how difficult it can be to find a counselor who meets the needs of neurodiverse people, and how frightening it can be as an LGBTQ+ person to navigate the process while feeling safe. Safety is a priority for me, as feeling safe and empowered to make choices is what allows us as human beings to improve and grow!
I know from personal and professional experience how difficult it can be to find a counselor who meets the needs of neurodiverse people, and how frightening it can be as an LGBTQ+ person to navigate the process while feeling safe. Safety is a priority for me, as feeling safe and empowered to make choices is what allows us as human beings to improve and grow!
(301) 259-1837 View (301) 259-1837
Photo of Steia Williams, LCSW-C, PsyD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Steia Williams
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Prince Frederick, MD 20678  (Online Only)
I believe that therapy is a collaborative process, therefore my role is to assist you in working towards solutions that benefit you in the best way possible. My methods include mindfulness practice, distress tolerance, and cognitive behavioral techniques to target depression, anxiety, and trauma. I provide a safe, warm, and welcoming environment in order to help my clients feel comfortable in expressing their themselves. I strive to create a creative, unorthodox approach by using humor in order to appeal to adolescence.
I believe that therapy is a collaborative process, therefore my role is to assist you in working towards solutions that benefit you in the best way possible. My methods include mindfulness practice, distress tolerance, and cognitive behavioral techniques to target depression, anxiety, and trauma. I provide a safe, warm, and welcoming environment in order to help my clients feel comfortable in expressing their themselves. I strive to create a creative, unorthodox approach by using humor in order to appeal to adolescence.
(443) 295-8955 View (443) 295-8955
Photo of Susan P Sferra, LCMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Susan P Sferra
Marriage & Family Therapist, LCMFT
Verified Verified
Prince Frederick, MD 20678
I work with individuals, couples, and families around a variety of issues including depression, anxiety, relationships, divorce, blended families, parenting, anger management, and low self esteem. My goal is to help lesson the emotional pain of my clients, and to help them make changes towards the life they really want to have.
I work with individuals, couples, and families around a variety of issues including depression, anxiety, relationships, divorce, blended families, parenting, anger management, and low self esteem. My goal is to help lesson the emotional pain of my clients, and to help them make changes towards the life they really want to have.
(410) 927-5631 View (410) 927-5631
Photo of Nicole Frey, MS, LGPC, Counselor
Nicole Frey
Counselor, MS, LGPC
Verified Verified
Huntingtown, MD 20639
Life can present many challenges that impact our daily lives. Therapy can help us feel heard and validate our feelings as we work through changes. I have a warm, person-centered, open, and non-judgmental approach to help empower clients to discover their solutions through self-awareness and growth. Working together, we can develop a 'curiosity' towards problems and uncover areas supporting or holding us back in everyday life.
Life can present many challenges that impact our daily lives. Therapy can help us feel heard and validate our feelings as we work through changes. I have a warm, person-centered, open, and non-judgmental approach to help empower clients to discover their solutions through self-awareness and growth. Working together, we can develop a 'curiosity' towards problems and uncover areas supporting or holding us back in everyday life.
(410) 474-5595 View (410) 474-5595
Photo of Kelli Remmel - By The Bay Counseling Solutions, MSW, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
By The Bay Counseling Solutions
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Prince Frederick, MD 20678  (Online Only)
We believe that every client has their own strengths and tools to get through difficult times and to grow. However, sometimes we just need a little navigation to discover those strengths. Our goal is to work together in identifying your strengths and empowering you to use them. We strive to create a warm and open atmosphere so you have a comfortable space to share your thoughts, feelings and challenges.
We believe that every client has their own strengths and tools to get through difficult times and to grow. However, sometimes we just need a little navigation to discover those strengths. Our goal is to work together in identifying your strengths and empowering you to use them. We strive to create a warm and open atmosphere so you have a comfortable space to share your thoughts, feelings and challenges.
(443) 247-5061 View (443) 247-5061
Photo of Kerri Easterbrook, LGPC, NCC, Counselor
Kerri Easterbrook
Counselor, LGPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lusby, MD 20657
Perfectionism, people-pleasing, masking, and over-thinking can hold you back from feeling your best or living confidently as your authentic self. At Pine Ridge Therapy, we believe that genuine compassion for oneself is the foundation of an empowered life. I work with teens and adults who struggle with self-compassion, bravery, and authenticity. Most have a complicated past, neurodivergence, or anxiety that is holding them back. Together we can work through these obstacles so that you can learn skills to help you genuinely enjoy life, feel proud of yourself, and learn ways to bring your unique gifts more fully into this world.
Perfectionism, people-pleasing, masking, and over-thinking can hold you back from feeling your best or living confidently as your authentic self. At Pine Ridge Therapy, we believe that genuine compassion for oneself is the foundation of an empowered life. I work with teens and adults who struggle with self-compassion, bravery, and authenticity. Most have a complicated past, neurodivergence, or anxiety that is holding them back. Together we can work through these obstacles so that you can learn skills to help you genuinely enjoy life, feel proud of yourself, and learn ways to bring your unique gifts more fully into this world.
(240) 896-2111 View (240) 896-2111
Photo of Tia Myers, MA, LCPC, Counselor
Tia Myers
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Prince Frederick, MD 20678  (Online Only)
Life is full of transitions and it can be difficult dealing with the day to day challenges of family, work, school, health concerns, loss of a friend/family, marriage, or divorce . The help of a Professional Counselor may be necessary to get through some of these moments. My passion is to work with individuals (children and adults) and families to cope with life's stressors. Whether you are looking to work through an unexpected difficult situation or need assistance with developing a short or long term plan to achieve your personal or family mental health goals, I am here to help.
Life is full of transitions and it can be difficult dealing with the day to day challenges of family, work, school, health concerns, loss of a friend/family, marriage, or divorce . The help of a Professional Counselor may be necessary to get through some of these moments. My passion is to work with individuals (children and adults) and families to cope with life's stressors. Whether you are looking to work through an unexpected difficult situation or need assistance with developing a short or long term plan to achieve your personal or family mental health goals, I am here to help.
(667) 660-4310 View (667) 660-4310
Photo of Jackie Biscoe, LCPC, Counselor
Jackie Biscoe
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lusby, MD 20657  (Online Only)
Stress and trauma take a toll on our bodies both mentally and physically. Therapy can help release that energy and process emotions. I tend to connect and work well with professionals with autism.
Stress and trauma take a toll on our bodies both mentally and physically. Therapy can help release that energy and process emotions. I tend to connect and work well with professionals with autism.
(410) 919-4947 View (410) 919-4947
Photo of Caroline Batchelor Moore, PsyD, MS, BBA, Psychologist
Caroline Batchelor Moore
Psychologist, PsyD, MS, BBA
Verified Verified
Prince Frederick, MD 20678  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I enjoy helping clients seeking to make changes in their lives to improve their well being, relationships with others & make better choices for healthier lifestyles. Sometimes life brings new challenges, and suddenly you may find yourself confused, anxious & unable to move forward. I have 20+ years experience working with clients with depression, anxiety & life transitions. I am a working mother with two kids including a disabled child, and I am also a cancer survivor. Last year, I lost my father, a Vietnam Veteran, due to complications of Alzheimer’s. I understand loss, panic & the stress of being a working mother.
I enjoy helping clients seeking to make changes in their lives to improve their well being, relationships with others & make better choices for healthier lifestyles. Sometimes life brings new challenges, and suddenly you may find yourself confused, anxious & unable to move forward. I have 20+ years experience working with clients with depression, anxiety & life transitions. I am a working mother with two kids including a disabled child, and I am also a cancer survivor. Last year, I lost my father, a Vietnam Veteran, due to complications of Alzheimer’s. I understand loss, panic & the stress of being a working mother.
(301) 678-1405 View (301) 678-1405
Photo of Stefanie Whalen, MA, LCPC, Counselor
Stefanie Whalen
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Prince Frederick, MD 20678
Stefanie Whalen is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor. She has worked in Women's and Children Services at Anne Arundel Medical Center. There she worked with new mothers, parents of preemie babies and with at-risk youth. She has worked with children and adolescents with ADHD, anxiety, anger, depression and behavioral issues. She held several support groups for children of divorce and children whose families were just beginning the divorce process. Stefanie has worked with parents and children teaching effective communication methods, working with boundaries and teaching acceptance. She provides marriage counseling, individual counseling for adults and Family Counseling.
Stefanie Whalen is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor. She has worked in Women's and Children Services at Anne Arundel Medical Center. There she worked with new mothers, parents of preemie babies and with at-risk youth. She has worked with children and adolescents with ADHD, anxiety, anger, depression and behavioral issues. She held several support groups for children of divorce and children whose families were just beginning the divorce process. Stefanie has worked with parents and children teaching effective communication methods, working with boundaries and teaching acceptance. She provides marriage counseling, individual counseling for adults and Family Counseling.
(301) 969-4784 View (301) 969-4784
Photo of Hannah Kamsheh, LGPC, Counselor
Hannah Kamsheh
Counselor, LGPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Prince Frederick, MD 20678
Waitlist for new clients
I am a board-certified psychotherapist who assists couples and individuals in navigating trust, boundaries, intimacy, and communication. I believe in taking a proactive and realistic approach to therapy. I encourage open and honest conversations without judgment. My goal is to create a collaborative and thoughtful relationship with my clients, tailored to meet their needs. Therapy doesn't have to take a lifetime. Small changes you make today can improve your life tomorrow. Baby steps is still movement.
I am a board-certified psychotherapist who assists couples and individuals in navigating trust, boundaries, intimacy, and communication. I believe in taking a proactive and realistic approach to therapy. I encourage open and honest conversations without judgment. My goal is to create a collaborative and thoughtful relationship with my clients, tailored to meet their needs. Therapy doesn't have to take a lifetime. Small changes you make today can improve your life tomorrow. Baby steps is still movement.
View
Photo of Molly Stackhouse - Southern Maryland Mental Health, LPC, LGPC, ABSNP, NCSP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Southern Maryland Mental Health
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LGPC, ABSNP, NCSP
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Prince Frederick, MD 20678
Accepting New Clients! Most people feel lost in a maze of unproductive coping strategies, so we use a personalized approach to help you find your way to mental freedom. You will develop a personalized map to and connect with yourself – the person you were meant to be. You will finally understand why the same old strategies are not working for you. Our clinicians are trained in several cutting-edge modalities like EMDR, Brainspotting, and IFS-informed EMDR, giving us a toolbox full of evolved resources to help you survive life's twists and turns, helping you thrive, and unlocking your full potential.
Accepting New Clients! Most people feel lost in a maze of unproductive coping strategies, so we use a personalized approach to help you find your way to mental freedom. You will develop a personalized map to and connect with yourself – the person you were meant to be. You will finally understand why the same old strategies are not working for you. Our clinicians are trained in several cutting-edge modalities like EMDR, Brainspotting, and IFS-informed EMDR, giving us a toolbox full of evolved resources to help you survive life's twists and turns, helping you thrive, and unlocking your full potential.
(410) 618-4670 View (410) 618-4670
Photo of Deborah A. Duley - Empowered Connections, LLC , MSW, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Empowered Connections, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Solomons, MD 20688
Scared. Worried. Anxious. Unsure. You look happy on the outside but inside, you're falling apart: you're feeling overwhelmed and having panic attacks out of the blue. You're a successful woman who is trying to do it all: it's a scary feeling, we know! Our team of women counselor's has been there ourselves & we can help you get your life back! We are also pleased to provide 4 girl/teen girl experts to help your daughter with the issues she may be struggling with such as self-esteem, anxiety, self-harming, etc. We have a new location in Bethesda now! Offering virtual therapy for the entire state of Maryland & DC!
Scared. Worried. Anxious. Unsure. You look happy on the outside but inside, you're falling apart: you're feeling overwhelmed and having panic attacks out of the blue. You're a successful woman who is trying to do it all: it's a scary feeling, we know! Our team of women counselor's has been there ourselves & we can help you get your life back! We are also pleased to provide 4 girl/teen girl experts to help your daughter with the issues she may be struggling with such as self-esteem, anxiety, self-harming, etc. We have a new location in Bethesda now! Offering virtual therapy for the entire state of Maryland & DC!
(301) 684-8042 View (301) 684-8042
Photo of Patricia J Simpson - Pinnacle Center, Mental Health Services , MA, C-IAYT
Pinnacle Center, Mental Health Services
MA, C-IAYT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Prince Frederick, MD 20678  (Online Only)
I am the right Mental Health Yoga Therapist for you if you continue to suffer with depression, anxiety, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, grief, unhappiness and a sense of disconnection from the deeper sense of who you are. I will teach you how to feel better about your life with the skills of yoga: breath and meditation; calming your upset or sick body and quieting your constantly negative thoughts. Psychological and medical research support that Yoga, while an ancient philosophy, teaches easy to learn skills that improve physical, emotional and spiritual health. I can guide you to your heart's desire for your life.
I am the right Mental Health Yoga Therapist for you if you continue to suffer with depression, anxiety, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, grief, unhappiness and a sense of disconnection from the deeper sense of who you are. I will teach you how to feel better about your life with the skills of yoga: breath and meditation; calming your upset or sick body and quieting your constantly negative thoughts. Psychological and medical research support that Yoga, while an ancient philosophy, teaches easy to learn skills that improve physical, emotional and spiritual health. I can guide you to your heart's desire for your life.
(240) 377-0328 View (240) 377-0328
Photo of Regena Turnbull - Insight, LCPC
Insight
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Prince Frederick, MD 20678
Regena Turnbull is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor specializing in working with individuals, couples and families to promote lasting change. I have 20 years experience working in the field providing people with a different perspective. I truly enjoy helping people improve their problem solving abilities to lead the lives they deserve. I have some availability on Saturdays. New clients can expect a thorough evaluation focused on discovering underutilized strengths.
Regena Turnbull is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor specializing in working with individuals, couples and families to promote lasting change. I have 20 years experience working in the field providing people with a different perspective. I truly enjoy helping people improve their problem solving abilities to lead the lives they deserve. I have some availability on Saturdays. New clients can expect a thorough evaluation focused on discovering underutilized strengths.
(240) 349-7765 View (240) 349-7765
Photo of Sherley Simon Xavier - Keys To Life Psychological Services, LLC, PsyD, Psychologist
Keys To Life Psychological Services, LLC
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Prince Frederick, MD 20678  (Online Only)
Using my clinical training in psychodynamic, cognitive/behavioral, and family systems, I am dedicated to helping others find the best version of themselves by creating space to work diligently towards achieving personalized goals. If you’re looking for help developing the Keys to Your Life, you are in the right place. My personal philosophy is everyone is unique and deserves to work with someone who is flexible and open to assisting them to identify those yet discovered Keys. To. Your. Life. I am an enthusiastic clinician looking to help others achieve wellness by teaching various methods for others to unlock those wellness tools.
Using my clinical training in psychodynamic, cognitive/behavioral, and family systems, I am dedicated to helping others find the best version of themselves by creating space to work diligently towards achieving personalized goals. If you’re looking for help developing the Keys to Your Life, you are in the right place. My personal philosophy is everyone is unique and deserves to work with someone who is flexible and open to assisting them to identify those yet discovered Keys. To. Your. Life. I am an enthusiastic clinician looking to help others achieve wellness by teaching various methods for others to unlock those wellness tools.
(301) 859-6930 View (301) 859-6930

See more therapy options for Saint Leonard

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Saint Leonard, MD

< 10

Therapists in Saint Leonard, MD who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% ADHD
100% Divorce
100% Anger Management
100% Career Counseling

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% BlueCross and BlueShield
100% Cigna and Evernorth
100% Optum

How Therapists in Saint Leonard, MD see their clients

66% Online Only
34% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Saint Leonard?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.