Therapists in Jefferson, MD

Photo of Melissa Clawson - Breakthrough Counseling Services, LLC, LCPC
Breakthrough Counseling Services, LLC
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Jefferson, MD 21755
Our therapists at Breakthrough Counseling see clients for a wide range of issues including but not limited to anxiety, depression, eating disorders, sexuality, ADHD, and so many more. We are here to help you through your struggles and to assist you in meeting your goals. Our therapists are diversified, licensed and experienced professionals.
Our therapists at Breakthrough Counseling see clients for a wide range of issues including but not limited to anxiety, depression, eating disorders, sexuality, ADHD, and so many more. We are here to help you through your struggles and to assist you in meeting your goals. Our therapists are diversified, licensed and experienced professionals.
(240) 986-1001 View (240) 986-1001
Photo of Melissa Clawson, MA, LPC, LCPC
Melissa Clawson
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Jefferson, MD 21755
Ideally, I try to create a comfortable environment so that the client can feel a connection. I realize that one of the hardest things to do as a person, is to admit that you need to talk a problem through with someone outside of your circle of family and friends. When meeting with the client, I try to distinguish where they are and go above and beyond to make the therapeutic process a success.
Ideally, I try to create a comfortable environment so that the client can feel a connection. I realize that one of the hardest things to do as a person, is to admit that you need to talk a problem through with someone outside of your circle of family and friends. When meeting with the client, I try to distinguish where they are and go above and beyond to make the therapeutic process a success.
(678) 922-0514 View (678) 922-0514
Photo of Dr. Brian A Sharpless, PhD, MA, PSYPACT, Psychologist
Dr. Brian A Sharpless
Psychologist, PhD, MA, PSYPACT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Jefferson, MD 21755
Hi! I am a clinical psychologist (PhD) trained at Penn State and the University of Pennsylvania. Though I work with many issues, I specialize in treating personality, sleep, and anxiety disorders as well as more unusual/rare/treatment-resistant conditions. I also conduct formal diagnostic assessments. A significant portion of my practice consists of providing clinical supervision or therapy to other therapists. I am currently licensed in MD and VA and can work with people in 37 other states (including DC) through my PSYPACT credential (i.e., via teletherapy).
Hi! I am a clinical psychologist (PhD) trained at Penn State and the University of Pennsylvania. Though I work with many issues, I specialize in treating personality, sleep, and anxiety disorders as well as more unusual/rare/treatment-resistant conditions. I also conduct formal diagnostic assessments. A significant portion of my practice consists of providing clinical supervision or therapy to other therapists. I am currently licensed in MD and VA and can work with people in 37 other states (including DC) through my PSYPACT credential (i.e., via teletherapy).
(301) 250-1435 View (301) 250-1435
Photo of Brandy L Brandenburg, LCSW-C, MSSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brandy L Brandenburg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, MSSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jefferson, MD 21755  (Online Only)
Everyone faces challenges at some point in their lives. I believe the key to enduring these challenges is having a solid anchor to hold us in place amidst life's storms. Whether this be healing from trauma, enduring life transitions, or facing paralyzing tragedy- being fully anchored is where we can find hope. My goal is to compassionately come alongside my clients in a supportive and empowering way. By drawing upon their strengths we will work together to formalize realistic and attainable goals. I believe there is hope for everyone and I feel blessed to intersect with my clients wherever they are in their journey.
Everyone faces challenges at some point in their lives. I believe the key to enduring these challenges is having a solid anchor to hold us in place amidst life's storms. Whether this be healing from trauma, enduring life transitions, or facing paralyzing tragedy- being fully anchored is where we can find hope. My goal is to compassionately come alongside my clients in a supportive and empowering way. By drawing upon their strengths we will work together to formalize realistic and attainable goals. I believe there is hope for everyone and I feel blessed to intersect with my clients wherever they are in their journey.
(301) 701-2328 View (301) 701-2328
Photo of Krista Bajgier, LCSW-C, MEd, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Krista Bajgier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, MEd
Verified Verified
Jefferson, MD 21755
Bessel van der Kolk once wrote that “trauma is not just an event that took place sometime in the past; it is also the imprint left by that experience on the mind, brain, and body. This imprint has ongoing consequences for how the human organism manages to survive in the present.” I have come to have enormous respect for the wide range of defense mechanisms each of us creates to help us survive trauma and problematic fits with our environment. I enjoy helping others to understand and cultivate compassion towards these parts of ourselves and to build new, more adaptive ways of coping and ultimately thriving.
Bessel van der Kolk once wrote that “trauma is not just an event that took place sometime in the past; it is also the imprint left by that experience on the mind, brain, and body. This imprint has ongoing consequences for how the human organism manages to survive in the present.” I have come to have enormous respect for the wide range of defense mechanisms each of us creates to help us survive trauma and problematic fits with our environment. I enjoy helping others to understand and cultivate compassion towards these parts of ourselves and to build new, more adaptive ways of coping and ultimately thriving.
(240) 679-8271 View (240) 679-8271

More Therapists Nearby

Diane Paseos
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21701
My goal is to help my clients recognize their capacity for resilience and ability to live a fulfilled and meaningful life. I work to create a trusting therapeutic relationship which I believe is the stepping stone to effective therapy. I utilize a strength-based client-centered approach. For over 25 years I have used CBT, TF-CBT, relational therapy and mindfulness to help my clients to find relief from psychological pain and to restore a sense of control.
My goal is to help my clients recognize their capacity for resilience and ability to live a fulfilled and meaningful life. I work to create a trusting therapeutic relationship which I believe is the stepping stone to effective therapy. I utilize a strength-based client-centered approach. For over 25 years I have used CBT, TF-CBT, relational therapy and mindfulness to help my clients to find relief from psychological pain and to restore a sense of control.
(860) 743-1660 View (860) 743-1660
Photo of Kionna Baskerville
Kionna Baskerville
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21701  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My name is Kionna and I'm a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor. I received my Master of Science in Clinical and Mental Health Counseling from McDaniel College. There are many stigmas associated with therapy. I am passionate about breaking the stigma of mental health for BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, People of Color) and LGBTQIA+ populations. The decision to start therapy can be difficult for many. I can assure you that every step of the process will be intentional and purposeful.
My name is Kionna and I'm a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor. I received my Master of Science in Clinical and Mental Health Counseling from McDaniel College. There are many stigmas associated with therapy. I am passionate about breaking the stigma of mental health for BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, People of Color) and LGBTQIA+ populations. The decision to start therapy can be difficult for many. I can assure you that every step of the process will be intentional and purposeful.
(240) 847-1034 View (240) 847-1034
Photo of Aubrey Spanitz, MSW, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Aubrey Spanitz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21701  (Online Only)
Hello there! I'm Aubrey. Congratulations on taking that courageous first step towards seeking support on your journey to becoming your best self. Navigating life transitions and relationships can be quite anxiety-provoking, isolating, and overwhelming. In today's hectic society, I aspire to provide a safe and judgment-free space where we can collaboratively address these challenges. I believe in empowering my clients to tap into their innate resilience and strengths to move forward.
Hello there! I'm Aubrey. Congratulations on taking that courageous first step towards seeking support on your journey to becoming your best self. Navigating life transitions and relationships can be quite anxiety-provoking, isolating, and overwhelming. In today's hectic society, I aspire to provide a safe and judgment-free space where we can collaboratively address these challenges. I believe in empowering my clients to tap into their innate resilience and strengths to move forward.
(667) 307-8176 View (667) 307-8176
Photo of Lauren Parks - Lauren Parks, Art Therapists for Perfectionists, ATR, LCPAT, LCPC, Art Therapist
Lauren Parks, Art Therapists for Perfectionists
Art Therapist, ATR, LCPAT, LCPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Frederick, MD 21702  (Online Only)
You have a sense that something from your past is holding you back, but you can’t quite put your finger on it. Maybe you grew up in a home that you think others might describe as average or even healthy, but you can't shake the feeling that something was missing. You had to take on adult responsibilities too early. You learned to adjust your behavior to minimize conflict or reduce the chaos of the household. You want to figure out who you are — how to open up about what you actually want and how you really feel — but you’re not sure if that’s even possible.
You have a sense that something from your past is holding you back, but you can’t quite put your finger on it. Maybe you grew up in a home that you think others might describe as average or even healthy, but you can't shake the feeling that something was missing. You had to take on adult responsibilities too early. You learned to adjust your behavior to minimize conflict or reduce the chaos of the household. You want to figure out who you are — how to open up about what you actually want and how you really feel — but you’re not sure if that’s even possible.
(240) 213-9479 View (240) 213-9479
Photo of Alex Abramowicz, PsyD, Psychologist
Alex Abramowicz
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Frederick, MD 21701  (Online Only)
I have specialized in working with clients to help them gain greater insight into how their thoughts and behaviors impact not only themselves, but other people in their lives. I believe that the therapeutic relationship can be used as a model for building on relationships with those that matter most to us, outside of the office. I believe that by understanding our past experiences, we can have a better understanding of what is happening currently in our lives, and how we can work together to make changes that align with your values.
I have specialized in working with clients to help them gain greater insight into how their thoughts and behaviors impact not only themselves, but other people in their lives. I believe that the therapeutic relationship can be used as a model for building on relationships with those that matter most to us, outside of the office. I believe that by understanding our past experiences, we can have a better understanding of what is happening currently in our lives, and how we can work together to make changes that align with your values.
(443) 775-2143 View (443) 775-2143
Photo of Stephanie Kurtyka, LCPAT, LCPC, ATR-BC, Art Therapist
Stephanie Kurtyka
Art Therapist, LCPAT, LCPC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Frederick, MD 21702
"Art can permeate the very deepest part of us, where no words exist" -Eileen Miller. I believe in the creative process as a powerful tool for facilitating self-expression, self-discovery, and self-fulfillment by integrating one's physical, mental, spiritual, and emotional health. I incorporate a variety of modalities, such as Art Therapy (no prior art training necessary), Play Therapy, and Sand Tray Therapy, into sessions while honoring each client's individual strengths and needs. My experience working with those emotionally distressed and my training in trauma theory supports my belief in every person's innate capacity for healing
"Art can permeate the very deepest part of us, where no words exist" -Eileen Miller. I believe in the creative process as a powerful tool for facilitating self-expression, self-discovery, and self-fulfillment by integrating one's physical, mental, spiritual, and emotional health. I incorporate a variety of modalities, such as Art Therapy (no prior art training necessary), Play Therapy, and Sand Tray Therapy, into sessions while honoring each client's individual strengths and needs. My experience working with those emotionally distressed and my training in trauma theory supports my belief in every person's innate capacity for healing
(240) 285-9186 View (240) 285-9186
Photo of Erik N Hadden, MA, LCPC, LPC, Counselor
Erik N Hadden
Counselor, MA, LCPC, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Frederick, MD 21701
I specialize in adult individuals struggling with all types of issues: life transitions, depression and anxiety, addiction, bi-polar, OCD, and more. I enjoy working with people from a variety of cultures and backgrounds. I employ a psychodynamic framework with most of my clients, however, I utilizes many cognitive-behavioral techniques and principles, as well. I especially enjoy the integration of Christian spirituality and psychology, though I welcome any one from any background. I believe that who we are is formed in relationship, so healing comes through (the therapeutic) relationship.
I specialize in adult individuals struggling with all types of issues: life transitions, depression and anxiety, addiction, bi-polar, OCD, and more. I enjoy working with people from a variety of cultures and backgrounds. I employ a psychodynamic framework with most of my clients, however, I utilizes many cognitive-behavioral techniques and principles, as well. I especially enjoy the integration of Christian spirituality and psychology, though I welcome any one from any background. I believe that who we are is formed in relationship, so healing comes through (the therapeutic) relationship.
(301) 259-3621 View (301) 259-3621
Photo of Jasmine Rivera, MS, LCPC, Counselor
Jasmine Rivera
Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Frederick, MD 21702
"Emotional pain is not something that should be hidden away and never spoken about. There is truth in your pain, there is growth in your pain, but only if it's first brought out into the open" - Steven Aitchison. Life's challenges can create feelings of hopelessness, and even skew our sense of worth. You are not alone...I would love to join you on the journey towards healing and empowerment.
"Emotional pain is not something that should be hidden away and never spoken about. There is truth in your pain, there is growth in your pain, but only if it's first brought out into the open" - Steven Aitchison. Life's challenges can create feelings of hopelessness, and even skew our sense of worth. You are not alone...I would love to join you on the journey towards healing and empowerment.
(301) 396-7592 View (301) 396-7592
Photo of Elaina Kossoy, LGPC, Counselor
Elaina Kossoy
Counselor, LGPC
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21702
With a focus on empowering my clients, I specialize in addressing a range of presenting issues including anxiety, chronic illness/ pain, physical disabilities, medical treatment induced trauma, life transitions, low self-esteem, and stress management. I also specialize in treating adult children of narcissistic or emotionally immature parents. I provide individual therapy to both adults and children, offering a nonjudgmental space for growth and healing.
With a focus on empowering my clients, I specialize in addressing a range of presenting issues including anxiety, chronic illness/ pain, physical disabilities, medical treatment induced trauma, life transitions, low self-esteem, and stress management. I also specialize in treating adult children of narcissistic or emotionally immature parents. I provide individual therapy to both adults and children, offering a nonjudgmental space for growth and healing.
(240) 887-0327 x2 View (240) 887-0327 x2
Photo of Lisa Hewick, LCPC
Lisa Hewick
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21703  (Online Only)
A therapeutic relationship is a trusting, meaningful, and nonjudgmental relationship where healing can begin. As a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor I work with my clients to gain an understanding and manage issues that may be interfering with their everyday life, relationships, and/or personal growth. My goal is to help clients find happiness in the present moment while exploring possibilities of the future regardless of their current circumstance. My passion is to help individuals find their strengths, courage, and confidence to build resiliency.
A therapeutic relationship is a trusting, meaningful, and nonjudgmental relationship where healing can begin. As a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor I work with my clients to gain an understanding and manage issues that may be interfering with their everyday life, relationships, and/or personal growth. My goal is to help clients find happiness in the present moment while exploring possibilities of the future regardless of their current circumstance. My passion is to help individuals find their strengths, courage, and confidence to build resiliency.
(410) 650-0703 View (410) 650-0703
Photo of Teresa Green, LCPC
Teresa Green
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21701  (Online Only)
I specialize in working with couples and individuals who are struggling with conflict, communication, loss, infidelity and other patterns that interfere with a healthy sense of well being such as narcissistic abuse. I use strong, evidence based and statistically proven approaches to therapy because I believe you deserve results.
I specialize in working with couples and individuals who are struggling with conflict, communication, loss, infidelity and other patterns that interfere with a healthy sense of well being such as narcissistic abuse. I use strong, evidence based and statistically proven approaches to therapy because I believe you deserve results.
(240) 205-8901 View (240) 205-8901
Photo of Alicia Joseph Baker, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alicia Joseph Baker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Frederick, MD 21703  (Online Only)
Welcome! You’ve come to the right place. I’m Alicia Joseph Baker, a licensed clinical social worker with over 20 years of experience supporting individuals, families, and service members. My mission is to help you navigate life’s challenges and achieve personal growth. I offer tele-therapy services to clients across Maryland, believing that everyone can benefit from therapy. Whether you’re facing specific struggles or just looking to understand yourself better, our work together will focus on harnessing your strengths and working towards your goals in a nonjudgmental and supportive environment.
Welcome! You’ve come to the right place. I’m Alicia Joseph Baker, a licensed clinical social worker with over 20 years of experience supporting individuals, families, and service members. My mission is to help you navigate life’s challenges and achieve personal growth. I offer tele-therapy services to clients across Maryland, believing that everyone can benefit from therapy. Whether you’re facing specific struggles or just looking to understand yourself better, our work together will focus on harnessing your strengths and working towards your goals in a nonjudgmental and supportive environment.
(410) 220-2351 View (410) 220-2351
Photo of Olivia McGirr, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Olivia McGirr
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Frederick, MD 21701  (Online Only)
Each and every one of us has learned how to survive in a complex set of circumstances. It is my job to help my clients decide which of those survival skills are still helpful, and which ones served them as a child, and now hurt them in their adult or young adult life. I believe that everyone already has everything within them to heal, and I enjoy challenging clients to see that for themselves. I have years of experience working with adults, children, groups, and families. I specialize in working with complex trauma, childhood sexual abuse, domestic violence, PTSD, grief, attachment, anxiety, and depression.
Each and every one of us has learned how to survive in a complex set of circumstances. It is my job to help my clients decide which of those survival skills are still helpful, and which ones served them as a child, and now hurt them in their adult or young adult life. I believe that everyone already has everything within them to heal, and I enjoy challenging clients to see that for themselves. I have years of experience working with adults, children, groups, and families. I specialize in working with complex trauma, childhood sexual abuse, domestic violence, PTSD, grief, attachment, anxiety, and depression.
(240) 624-2823 View (240) 624-2823
Photo of Pamela A H Miller, LCSW-C, RMT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Pamela A H Miller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, RMT
Verified Verified
Middletown, MD 21769
Are you looking for a deeper sense of contentment, well-being and maybe even putting the FUN back in your life? Through the integration of traditional talk therapy, life coaching, pragmatic somatic experiences and spiritually based mindfulness practices, you will experience a greater sense of calm and understanding of the whole self. Pam incorporates a variety of modalities individualized for each client. Encounter possibilities for change and restoration of balance leading to a heightened sense of joy. You will feel the synergistic confluence of the prepared therapeutic space and the mind body connection.
Are you looking for a deeper sense of contentment, well-being and maybe even putting the FUN back in your life? Through the integration of traditional talk therapy, life coaching, pragmatic somatic experiences and spiritually based mindfulness practices, you will experience a greater sense of calm and understanding of the whole self. Pam incorporates a variety of modalities individualized for each client. Encounter possibilities for change and restoration of balance leading to a heightened sense of joy. You will feel the synergistic confluence of the prepared therapeutic space and the mind body connection.
(240) 873-1955 View (240) 873-1955
Photo of Tenesha Jeffery
Tenesha Jeffery
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21702  (Online Only)
I am a clinical mental health counselor with 5 years of experience in the field. I have worked with individuals, couples, and families. I have facilitated groups for mental health, substance disorders, and DUI. I have mostly worked with anxiety, depression, borderline personality disorder, bipolar disorder, adjustment disorder, and trauma. I am eclectic and utilize various interventions and theories in treatment. I mostly practice Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT).
I am a clinical mental health counselor with 5 years of experience in the field. I have worked with individuals, couples, and families. I have facilitated groups for mental health, substance disorders, and DUI. I have mostly worked with anxiety, depression, borderline personality disorder, bipolar disorder, adjustment disorder, and trauma. I am eclectic and utilize various interventions and theories in treatment. I mostly practice Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT).
(866) 738-3081 View (866) 738-3081

See more therapy options for Jefferson

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Jefferson, MD

< 10

Therapists in Jefferson, MD who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Grief
100% Stress
100% Life Transitions
80% Spirituality

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% BlueCross and BlueShield
100% Cigna and Evernorth
100% Blue Cross

How Therapists in Jefferson, MD see their clients

80% In Person and Online
20% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
20% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Jefferson?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.