Therapists in Arnold, MD

Photo of Angelica Shiels, PsyD, Psychologist
Angelica Shiels
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Arnold, MD 21012
Hi! Find me on TikTok at dr..angelica.shie , where I discuss attachment styles, family systems, child development, communication, emotional regulation, and attunement. My associate, Amanda, is immediately available for relationship consultation! Check out the couples workshop tab at marylandfamilypsychology.com
Hi! Find me on TikTok at dr..angelica.shie , where I discuss attachment styles, family systems, child development, communication, emotional regulation, and attunement. My associate, Amanda, is immediately available for relationship consultation! Check out the couples workshop tab at marylandfamilypsychology.com
(240) 468-4773 View (240) 468-4773
Photo of Heather I. Major, PsyD, Psychologist
Heather I. Major
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Arnold, MD 21012
Are you anxious? Stressed? Overwhelmed? I’m here to help and I am honored that you’re considering me as part of your support system. My name is Heather and I work with women who are struggling with anxiety, stress, and obsessive thoughts to help them build coping strategies and resilience in order to live more balanced, fulfilled lives. I use integrated, evidenced-based methods to help you explore your lifestyle, relationships, career, values, and goals. You will have the opportunity to learn, heal, and grow in a safe, judgement free, and supportive space so that you can be the best version of YOU.
Are you anxious? Stressed? Overwhelmed? I’m here to help and I am honored that you’re considering me as part of your support system. My name is Heather and I work with women who are struggling with anxiety, stress, and obsessive thoughts to help them build coping strategies and resilience in order to live more balanced, fulfilled lives. I use integrated, evidenced-based methods to help you explore your lifestyle, relationships, career, values, and goals. You will have the opportunity to learn, heal, and grow in a safe, judgement free, and supportive space so that you can be the best version of YOU.
(443) 648-9606 View (443) 648-9606
Photo of Jessi Collins, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jessi Collins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Arnold, MD 21012
Waitlist for new clients
If you are feeling stuck in a cycle of unhealthy thought patterns, plagued by the stress of strained relationships, or feeling overwhelmed by a change in your life, I would love to help you begin to increase your ability to cope and adapt to all that life has thrown at you. I genuinely enjoy building a trusting and friendly relationship with my clients. Our work together may look like taking time to process feelings, confronting difficult issues, and learning new, productive ways of handling life's many curveballs. The power of taking time for yourself and feeling heard by another person is often underestimated.
If you are feeling stuck in a cycle of unhealthy thought patterns, plagued by the stress of strained relationships, or feeling overwhelmed by a change in your life, I would love to help you begin to increase your ability to cope and adapt to all that life has thrown at you. I genuinely enjoy building a trusting and friendly relationship with my clients. Our work together may look like taking time to process feelings, confronting difficult issues, and learning new, productive ways of handling life's many curveballs. The power of taking time for yourself and feeling heard by another person is often underestimated.
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Photo of Edwin Hernandez-Martinez, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Edwin Hernandez-Martinez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Arnold, MD 21012
I utilize an array of approaches and offer tools that can help address current concerns. Additionally, this allows for us to explore the roots of life's challenges. I see our relationship as a dyad of mutual trust that serves as the vessel for our work. Using an attachment framework, informed by my fellowship at the Institute for Contemporary Psychotherapy + Psychoanalysis (ICP+P), I hope to bring a sense of safety, connection, compassion, and acceptance. At your pace, we can direct our focus to integrate mind-body techniques. This is to offer relief and learn more about yourself.
I utilize an array of approaches and offer tools that can help address current concerns. Additionally, this allows for us to explore the roots of life's challenges. I see our relationship as a dyad of mutual trust that serves as the vessel for our work. Using an attachment framework, informed by my fellowship at the Institute for Contemporary Psychotherapy + Psychoanalysis (ICP+P), I hope to bring a sense of safety, connection, compassion, and acceptance. At your pace, we can direct our focus to integrate mind-body techniques. This is to offer relief and learn more about yourself.
(443) 234-9614 View (443) 234-9614
Photo of Devin Kiessling, LCSW, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Devin Kiessling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Arnold, MD 21012
Devin Kiessling is a Licensed Certified Social Worker Clinical (LCSW-C). He is a graduate of the University of Maryland, Baltimore School of Social Work where he received his Master of Social Work with a clinical concentration in behavioral health. During his time at UMB, he completed two internships, the second of which was an international placement where he lived, interned, and studied in Kochi, Kerala, India. Devin has experience working with children and adolescents with multiple issues including behavioral problems such as ADHD, depression, anxiety, trauma, and stress related disorders.
Devin Kiessling is a Licensed Certified Social Worker Clinical (LCSW-C). He is a graduate of the University of Maryland, Baltimore School of Social Work where he received his Master of Social Work with a clinical concentration in behavioral health. During his time at UMB, he completed two internships, the second of which was an international placement where he lived, interned, and studied in Kochi, Kerala, India. Devin has experience working with children and adolescents with multiple issues including behavioral problems such as ADHD, depression, anxiety, trauma, and stress related disorders.
(443) 233-0831 View (443) 233-0831
Photo of Dr. Lindsay Smith Neutzling, PhD, NCC, LGPC, Counselor
Dr. Lindsay Smith Neutzling
Counselor, PhD, NCC, LGPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arnold, MD 21012  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I work with clients from a variety of different backgrounds who are looking to heal from painful and traumatic experiences. My clients seek empowerment and are ready to make positive change in their lives so they may find healing, peace, and inner-strength.
I work with clients from a variety of different backgrounds who are looking to heal from painful and traumatic experiences. My clients seek empowerment and are ready to make positive change in their lives so they may find healing, peace, and inner-strength.
(443) 951-3701 View (443) 951-3701
Photo of James M Ballard III, PhD, Psychologist
James M Ballard III
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Arnold, MD 21012
Are you a performing artist and/or an athlete weighed down by life and its challenges? You know there's more inside you - music, lyrics, creativity, athletic and rhythmic expression - but your mind is busy or your body physically paused? All-county/-district, all-metro, or all-state athletes can experience social-emotional challenges. Similarly, lyricists or writers can experience creative blocks and singers and dancers cope with performance anxiety. Even bands, groups, and teams can experience interpersonal conflict.
Are you a performing artist and/or an athlete weighed down by life and its challenges? You know there's more inside you - music, lyrics, creativity, athletic and rhythmic expression - but your mind is busy or your body physically paused? All-county/-district, all-metro, or all-state athletes can experience social-emotional challenges. Similarly, lyricists or writers can experience creative blocks and singers and dancers cope with performance anxiety. Even bands, groups, and teams can experience interpersonal conflict.
(443) 843-0711 View (443) 843-0711
Photo of Laurie Scheidle, PsyD, Psychologist
Laurie Scheidle
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Arnold, MD 21012
Laurie has been practicing as a licensed clinical psychologist since 2011. Over the years she has learned that each individual she has had the honor to serve has been just that “ an individual, unlike any other. There is no cookie cutter approach to psychotherapy. The therapeutic services she provides is catered to each person, based on their goals, values, and capabilities as well as evidence-based research.
Laurie has been practicing as a licensed clinical psychologist since 2011. Over the years she has learned that each individual she has had the honor to serve has been just that “ an individual, unlike any other. There is no cookie cutter approach to psychotherapy. The therapeutic services she provides is catered to each person, based on their goals, values, and capabilities as well as evidence-based research.
(443) 888-2146 View (443) 888-2146
Photo of Heather Joy Silver And The Silverleaf Counseling Crew, LCSW-C, CPLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Heather Joy Silver And The Silverleaf Counseling Crew
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, CPLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arnold, MD 21012
Have you been devastated by miscarriage, stillbirth or the death of a baby? Are you struggling with perinatal or postpartum depression? Are you having a hard time with a subsequent pregnancy after a loss? Have you received a pregnancy diagnosis of a life-threatening illness. I assist parents with difficult decision making and counseling through a difficult journey. With any type of grief there are challenges, different grieving styles, and communication. I am honored to come alongside families at their most difficult times and help them find hope, establish goals, and help advocate for their wants, needs, and wishes.
Have you been devastated by miscarriage, stillbirth or the death of a baby? Are you struggling with perinatal or postpartum depression? Are you having a hard time with a subsequent pregnancy after a loss? Have you received a pregnancy diagnosis of a life-threatening illness. I assist parents with difficult decision making and counseling through a difficult journey. With any type of grief there are challenges, different grieving styles, and communication. I am honored to come alongside families at their most difficult times and help them find hope, establish goals, and help advocate for their wants, needs, and wishes.
(410) 782-3575 View (410) 782-3575
Photo of Douglas Tilley, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Douglas Tilley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Arnold, MD 21012
I am a psychotherapist and a marriage and family therapist in private practice in Annapolis, Maryland. I am a Licensed Certified Social Worker - Clinical and am designated as a Clinical Member and an Approved Supervisor by the American Association of Marriage and Family Therapy. My practice includes Couple, Family and Individual Psychotherapy including relationship difficulties, depression, anxiety, anger, couple issues, sexual issues, separation and divorce issues, life transitions, grief and loss issues, mid-life issues, child and teen issues, and dysfunctional family issues. In addition I teach and train couple therapists in EFT (Emotionally Focused Therapy) for Couples.
I am a psychotherapist and a marriage and family therapist in private practice in Annapolis, Maryland. I am a Licensed Certified Social Worker - Clinical and am designated as a Clinical Member and an Approved Supervisor by the American Association of Marriage and Family Therapy. My practice includes Couple, Family and Individual Psychotherapy including relationship difficulties, depression, anxiety, anger, couple issues, sexual issues, separation and divorce issues, life transitions, grief and loss issues, mid-life issues, child and teen issues, and dysfunctional family issues. In addition I teach and train couple therapists in EFT (Emotionally Focused Therapy) for Couples.
(410) 927-6137 View (410) 927-6137
Photo of Regina Ann Warren, LCPC, ADS
Regina Ann Warren
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, ADS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arnold, MD 21012
Normal life events can be stressful when they exceed your ability to cope. Losses like the death of a loved one, separation/divorce, relocation or retirement, or an "empty nest" may threaten your emotional and physical health. Even positive events like marriage or the birth of a child require substantial adjustment. While small amounts of stress can be a positive motivator, prolonged exposure to stress may lead to anxiety, depression, and physical health problems. If you are feeling overwhelmed or unsure of how to cope with the demands placed on you, it is probably time to see a therapist.
Normal life events can be stressful when they exceed your ability to cope. Losses like the death of a loved one, separation/divorce, relocation or retirement, or an "empty nest" may threaten your emotional and physical health. Even positive events like marriage or the birth of a child require substantial adjustment. While small amounts of stress can be a positive motivator, prolonged exposure to stress may lead to anxiety, depression, and physical health problems. If you are feeling overwhelmed or unsure of how to cope with the demands placed on you, it is probably time to see a therapist.
(410) 417-6800 View (410) 417-6800
Photo of Diane Channas, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Diane Channas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Arnold, MD 21012
When struggling with challenges in life, often making the initial appointment is the biggest step. Being vulnerable to someone takes strength and courage. Take the first step and discover how to make positive change happen. Together we can find a way to navigate life's complexities. I would enjoy helping you discover your potential as we walk through challenging life circumstances.
When struggling with challenges in life, often making the initial appointment is the biggest step. Being vulnerable to someone takes strength and courage. Take the first step and discover how to make positive change happen. Together we can find a way to navigate life's complexities. I would enjoy helping you discover your potential as we walk through challenging life circumstances.
(443) 214-0402 View (443) 214-0402
Photo of Tanory Ateek, LMSW, MA, RYT-200, Pre-Licensed Professional
Tanory Ateek
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMSW, MA, RYT-200
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arnold, MD 21012  (Online Only)
I'm Tanory (she/they) & I am an EMDR and Somatic Experiencing trained therapist. I love working collaboratively with people who want to feel more whole, purposeful & alive in their lives. I work in creative, relational & evidence-based ways to help you transform a variety of issues. I specialize in working with any mental health issue that may be tied to trauma or complex trauma. The therapy techniques used do not require the retelling/re-experiencing of trauma to heal. Your natural inner strength will become more available to support you through whatever life brings, as we work gently and curiously with your unique nervous system.
I'm Tanory (she/they) & I am an EMDR and Somatic Experiencing trained therapist. I love working collaboratively with people who want to feel more whole, purposeful & alive in their lives. I work in creative, relational & evidence-based ways to help you transform a variety of issues. I specialize in working with any mental health issue that may be tied to trauma or complex trauma. The therapy techniques used do not require the retelling/re-experiencing of trauma to heal. Your natural inner strength will become more available to support you through whatever life brings, as we work gently and curiously with your unique nervous system.
(443) 227-4928 View (443) 227-4928
Photo of Mary Strueber - Mary Strueber, LCPC Psychotherapy & Counseling, LCPC
Mary Strueber, LCPC Psychotherapy & Counseling
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Arnold, MD 21012
It's painful to be depressed and anxious. You've tried everything and can't seem to shake it. That's when you know it's time to get professional help.
It's painful to be depressed and anxious. You've tried everything and can't seem to shake it. That's when you know it's time to get professional help.
(443) 267-4899 View (443) 267-4899
Photo of T.j. Jones-Rouse, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
T.j. Jones-Rouse
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Arnold, MD 21012
Waitlist for new clients
Over the course of my career I have become increasingly aware of a demand in the community for Sex Therapy, and have decided to recalibrate my practice accordingly. I am engaged in a comprehensive training program facilitated by the Sexual Health Alliance on my path to becoming an AASECT-certified Sex Therapist. My background in substance abuse and trauma has largely informed this decision. I continue to serve individuals seeking to manage compulsive behaviors, AD(H)D, anxiety disorders, and mood symptoms through this transition to a sex-centered practice.
Over the course of my career I have become increasingly aware of a demand in the community for Sex Therapy, and have decided to recalibrate my practice accordingly. I am engaged in a comprehensive training program facilitated by the Sexual Health Alliance on my path to becoming an AASECT-certified Sex Therapist. My background in substance abuse and trauma has largely informed this decision. I continue to serve individuals seeking to manage compulsive behaviors, AD(H)D, anxiety disorders, and mood symptoms through this transition to a sex-centered practice.
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Photo of Kimberly Meyers Libby, PsyD, Psychologist
Kimberly Meyers Libby
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arnold, MD 21012
I can see your strength, even when you cannot. I use my education and experience in psychology to lead you to discover your most authentic self. I believe that we all develop patterns of behaviors due to our life circumstances that can be both positive and negative. By examining these patterns in behavior and thought and how they serve us, one can make changes to improve life. I am an action-oriented therapist who believes therapy should not end as soon as you leave the office. I will often give techniques to practice or topics for further reflection.
I can see your strength, even when you cannot. I use my education and experience in psychology to lead you to discover your most authentic self. I believe that we all develop patterns of behaviors due to our life circumstances that can be both positive and negative. By examining these patterns in behavior and thought and how they serve us, one can make changes to improve life. I am an action-oriented therapist who believes therapy should not end as soon as you leave the office. I will often give techniques to practice or topics for further reflection.
(410) 691-3166 View (410) 691-3166
Photo of Anthony Wolff, PhD, Psychologist
Anthony Wolff
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Arnold, MD 21012
Anthony B. Wolff, a licensed psychologist, earned his degree from McGill University. He also holds a Master of Science in Computer Systems, and has worked as a professional musician. Dr. Wolff is on the medical staff of Anne Arundel Medical Center and was formerly a consulting psychologist with Pathways Chemical Dependency Program. He previously was a Research Scientist at Gallaudet University, Project Director for Children’s Services in the New York State Office of Mental Health, Chief Psychologist at the Albany County (NY) Mental Health Clinic, and adjunct faculty member at the State University of New York at Albany.
Anthony B. Wolff, a licensed psychologist, earned his degree from McGill University. He also holds a Master of Science in Computer Systems, and has worked as a professional musician. Dr. Wolff is on the medical staff of Anne Arundel Medical Center and was formerly a consulting psychologist with Pathways Chemical Dependency Program. He previously was a Research Scientist at Gallaudet University, Project Director for Children’s Services in the New York State Office of Mental Health, Chief Psychologist at the Albany County (NY) Mental Health Clinic, and adjunct faculty member at the State University of New York at Albany.
(443) 290-5580 View (443) 290-5580
Photo of Anna Batyan, LGPC,  LPC-R, Counselor
Anna Batyan
Counselor, LGPC, LPC-R
Verified Verified
Arnold, MD 21012
Anna Batyan is a Licensed Graduate Professional Counselor in Maryland who has been practicing since 2019. She earned a Bachelor’s Degree in Psychology and Master’s Degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling, both of which she completed with excellence at George Mason University. Anna brings a wealth of experience in working at different levels of care with diverse populations struggling with a range of mental health issues, including anxiety, depression, substance use, eating disorders, OCD, ADD/ADHD, and co-occurring diagnosis.
Anna Batyan is a Licensed Graduate Professional Counselor in Maryland who has been practicing since 2019. She earned a Bachelor’s Degree in Psychology and Master’s Degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling, both of which she completed with excellence at George Mason University. Anna brings a wealth of experience in working at different levels of care with diverse populations struggling with a range of mental health issues, including anxiety, depression, substance use, eating disorders, OCD, ADD/ADHD, and co-occurring diagnosis.
(443) 360-3920 View (443) 360-3920
Photo of Scott Smith, PhD, Psychologist
Scott Smith
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Arnold, MD 21012
Dr Scott Smith, PhD, is a clinical psychologist with over 25 years experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. He is a native of Severna Park and attended local schools. While at Severna Park High School he graduated with honors, captained the football team and was recognized by the National Football Foundation Scholar-Athlete. Dr. Smith attended college at Washington and Lee University where he majored in psychology and minored in journalism. He was captain of the football team, awarded an ROTC scholarship, and selected as the Outstanding Psychology Student his senior year.
Dr Scott Smith, PhD, is a clinical psychologist with over 25 years experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. He is a native of Severna Park and attended local schools. While at Severna Park High School he graduated with honors, captained the football team and was recognized by the National Football Foundation Scholar-Athlete. Dr. Smith attended college at Washington and Lee University where he majored in psychology and minored in journalism. He was captain of the football team, awarded an ROTC scholarship, and selected as the Outstanding Psychology Student his senior year.
(443) 323-1683 View (443) 323-1683
Photo of Kelini Coker, LCPC
Kelini Coker
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Arnold, MD 21012
Kelini Coker is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Maryland who has been practicing since 2018. She received her Bachelor's in Psychology and her Master's in Community Counseling at McDaniel College, where she cultivated her passion for serving others. Kelini moves at the client's pace, listens attentively, and makes sure the client feels comfortable to be themselves in order to best address therapy goals. Her heart's work is helping clients to navigate challenges due to life-event transitions, family of origin struggles, trauma, depression, anxiety, and identity formation.
Kelini Coker is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Maryland who has been practicing since 2018. She received her Bachelor's in Psychology and her Master's in Community Counseling at McDaniel College, where she cultivated her passion for serving others. Kelini moves at the client's pace, listens attentively, and makes sure the client feels comfortable to be themselves in order to best address therapy goals. Her heart's work is helping clients to navigate challenges due to life-event transitions, family of origin struggles, trauma, depression, anxiety, and identity formation.
(443) 406-4021 View (443) 406-4021
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Arnold, MD

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Arnold, MD who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
90% Depression
74% Self Esteem
69% Relationship Issues
68% Trauma and PTSD
66% Coping Skills
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

72% CareFirst
65% Cigna and Evernorth
64% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Arnold, MD see their clients

66% In Person and Online
34% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
21% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Arnold?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.