Therapists in Palm Coast, FL

Photo of Marta Fenero- Play Therapist, MA, LMHC, RPT, Counselor
Marta Fenero- Play Therapist
Counselor, MA, LMHC, RPT
Verified Verified
Palm Coast, FL 32164
My name is Marta Fenero and I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and a Registered Play Therapist. As a Play Therapist, I work with children between the ages of 2 and 10.
My name is Marta Fenero and I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and a Registered Play Therapist. As a Play Therapist, I work with children between the ages of 2 and 10.
(386) 961-4615 View (386) 961-4615
Photo of Angela Ryan, PsyD, LCP, Psychologist
Angela Ryan
Psychologist, PsyD, LCP
Verified Verified
Palm Coast, FL 32164  (Online Only)
Breaking out of cycles that keep you feeling stuck is no easy feat. Today's society is flooded with "tips and tricks" that seem so simple but do not lead to real, lasting change. You will not find a 'cookie cutter' approach here. I see each individual as the expert of their own life and utilize individual strengths to customize treatment. Together, we will work to figure out changes to make so you can live life in the most authentic and genuine way for YOU.
Breaking out of cycles that keep you feeling stuck is no easy feat. Today's society is flooded with "tips and tricks" that seem so simple but do not lead to real, lasting change. You will not find a 'cookie cutter' approach here. I see each individual as the expert of their own life and utilize individual strengths to customize treatment. Together, we will work to figure out changes to make so you can live life in the most authentic and genuine way for YOU.
(904) 206-7701 View (904) 206-7701
Photo of Tashayla Smith, MSW, RCSWI
Tashayla Smith
Registered Clinical Social Worker Intern, MSW, RCSWI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Palm Coast, FL 32137
Hey there! Have you ever analyzed your perspective of what life means to you? Maybe life itself has brought you to a crossroad that leaves you questioning who you are. I like to call these “growth spurt moments.” In almost every scenario you can think of, growth and change at any level can be uncomfortable. A desire to change requires one to lean into this discomfort to be the change you want to see in your life. Is it challenging? You bet it is. However, what if I told you that you didn't have to do it alone? I am a faith-based clinician dedicated to assisting my clients through the obstacles of change. Here's what you can expect.
Hey there! Have you ever analyzed your perspective of what life means to you? Maybe life itself has brought you to a crossroad that leaves you questioning who you are. I like to call these “growth spurt moments.” In almost every scenario you can think of, growth and change at any level can be uncomfortable. A desire to change requires one to lean into this discomfort to be the change you want to see in your life. Is it challenging? You bet it is. However, what if I told you that you didn't have to do it alone? I am a faith-based clinician dedicated to assisting my clients through the obstacles of change. Here's what you can expect.
(386) 588-8315 View (386) 588-8315
Photo of Deborah Kay Hilyard, MS, LMHC, NCC
Deborah Kay Hilyard
Mental Health Counselor, MS, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Palm Coast, FL 32137  (Online Only)
Are you feeling down and keep going over and over the same thoughts? Do you feel isolated and lonely and don't want to burden your friends or family with your sadness? Are there days you don't want to get out of bed? Are you having difficulties sleeping? I believe we can all make the changes in our life to not feel anxious, sad or depressed.
Are you feeling down and keep going over and over the same thoughts? Do you feel isolated and lonely and don't want to burden your friends or family with your sadness? Are there days you don't want to get out of bed? Are you having difficulties sleeping? I believe we can all make the changes in our life to not feel anxious, sad or depressed.
(386) 220-8832 View (386) 220-8832
Photo of Anna Izabela Torres, LMHC, EMDR , Counselor
Anna Izabela Torres
Counselor, LMHC, EMDR
Verified Verified
Palm Coast, FL 32164
Waitlist for new clients
I'm here for persons who seek a transformative journey through psychotherapy. Struggling with challenges like trauma and or PTSD, OCD, Anxiety, or Depression, they yearn for healing and stability. They crave a supportive sanctuary to address their concerns, a nurturing environment where their strengths are unearthed, and self-awareness is cultivated. They seek a tailored treatment approach, leveraging evidence-based therapies with compassion and personalized care. Above all, they desire unwavering support to transcend their struggles, fostering personal growth and navigating toward an inner peace, fulfilling, purpose-driven life.
I'm here for persons who seek a transformative journey through psychotherapy. Struggling with challenges like trauma and or PTSD, OCD, Anxiety, or Depression, they yearn for healing and stability. They crave a supportive sanctuary to address their concerns, a nurturing environment where their strengths are unearthed, and self-awareness is cultivated. They seek a tailored treatment approach, leveraging evidence-based therapies with compassion and personalized care. Above all, they desire unwavering support to transcend their struggles, fostering personal growth and navigating toward an inner peace, fulfilling, purpose-driven life.
(386) 200-1603 View (386) 200-1603
Photo of Nathan Powers, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Nathan Powers
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Palm Coast, FL 32137
Together, we will explore your past, present and future in order to discover the New and unearth the Old in different and informative ways. I look forward to joining you on this part of your journey.
Together, we will explore your past, present and future in order to discover the New and unearth the Old in different and informative ways. I look forward to joining you on this part of your journey.
(386) 356-4669 View (386) 356-4669
Photo of Whitney Jameson | Narcissistic Abuse Codependency Recovery Emdr, MA, MFT
Whitney Jameson | Narcissistic Abuse Codependency Recovery Emdr
Registered Marriage and Family Therapist Intern, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Palm Coast, FL 32164
Are you struggling to navigate the complexities of relationships impacted by narcissistic abuse, codependency, or anxiety? Whitney Jameson is a compassionate Christian counselor who will personalize therapy using evidence-based practices. She will guide you through the recovery journey, empowering you to reclaim your life and build healthy, fulfilling relationships. Whether you're seeking to heal from past trauma, break free from toxic patterns, or manage anxiety, Whitney provides a safe and supportive environment to foster growth and resilience. Take the first step towards a brighter, healthier future today.
Are you struggling to navigate the complexities of relationships impacted by narcissistic abuse, codependency, or anxiety? Whitney Jameson is a compassionate Christian counselor who will personalize therapy using evidence-based practices. She will guide you through the recovery journey, empowering you to reclaim your life and build healthy, fulfilling relationships. Whether you're seeking to heal from past trauma, break free from toxic patterns, or manage anxiety, Whitney provides a safe and supportive environment to foster growth and resilience. Take the first step towards a brighter, healthier future today.
(386) 888-6242 View (386) 888-6242
Photo of Lori Beckwith, EdD, LCPC, NCC, Counselor
Lori Beckwith
Counselor, EdD, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Palm Coast, FL 32164  (Online Only)
Life is difficult. This is the first line from the book, The Road Less Travelled, by M. Scott Peck. Each of us is all too aware of this basic truth. Sometimes we need help navigating our journey, and therapy is a great place to start! Building strong relationships with my clients provides a safe space to explore their life experiences, thoughts, and feelings. I aim to create an understanding and respectful environment where we can discover the most effective means for positive change.
Life is difficult. This is the first line from the book, The Road Less Travelled, by M. Scott Peck. Each of us is all too aware of this basic truth. Sometimes we need help navigating our journey, and therapy is a great place to start! Building strong relationships with my clients provides a safe space to explore their life experiences, thoughts, and feelings. I aim to create an understanding and respectful environment where we can discover the most effective means for positive change.
(618) 391-0076 View (618) 391-0076
Photo of Kathryn Joy Karpinski - The Joy Advantage, MS, BCBA
The Joy Advantage
MS, BCBA
Verified Verified
Palm Coast, FL 32137
Coaching neurodiverse students and professionals (ADHD, autism, AuDHD, anxiety, ODD, learning disabilities) with strategies for success, fostering strong relationships, and finding ways to improve resilience to stress. Parent and family support for thriving neurodiverse children and teens. IEP consultation. Play-based social skill development and self-management. Twice-Exceptional (Gifted+) life coaching for neurodivergent executives and entrepreneurs. En Español con Becky Schajman Llamar al 310-598-9508.
Coaching neurodiverse students and professionals (ADHD, autism, AuDHD, anxiety, ODD, learning disabilities) with strategies for success, fostering strong relationships, and finding ways to improve resilience to stress. Parent and family support for thriving neurodiverse children and teens. IEP consultation. Play-based social skill development and self-management. Twice-Exceptional (Gifted+) life coaching for neurodivergent executives and entrepreneurs. En Español con Becky Schajman Llamar al 310-598-9508.
(386) 515-8526 View (386) 515-8526
Photo of Sharell D Arneaud, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sharell D Arneaud
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Palm Coast, FL 32137  (Online Only)
Dealing with past trauma, your relationships struggling, struggling with low self-esteem, facing life transitions, feeling angry, in a funk, everything seeming to go wrong, walls are caving in? Perhaps gaining the coping skills to find your place of peace, and become more productive in life is what you need. My experiences have provided me with extensive exposure to the diverse needs individuals to work towards healing, hope, and gaining the ability to function in life again. Many people encounter challenging seasons in life, need encouragement, a chance to be heard, & a chance to work through the issues of life in a safe place.
Dealing with past trauma, your relationships struggling, struggling with low self-esteem, facing life transitions, feeling angry, in a funk, everything seeming to go wrong, walls are caving in? Perhaps gaining the coping skills to find your place of peace, and become more productive in life is what you need. My experiences have provided me with extensive exposure to the diverse needs individuals to work towards healing, hope, and gaining the ability to function in life again. Many people encounter challenging seasons in life, need encouragement, a chance to be heard, & a chance to work through the issues of life in a safe place.
(386) 356-4036 View (386) 356-4036
Photo of Chermora Johnson, LCMHC, Counselor
Chermora Johnson
Counselor, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Palm Coast, FL 32164
Hello, my name is Chermora Johnson, a Licensed Mental Health therapist. I have experience with adolescence, substance abuse, crisis, trauma, depression, anxiety, OCD, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. I have worked with various substance abuse and crisis intervention for several years. I work with trauma, depression, anxiety, OCD, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. I used the following theoretical approach of person-centered, cognitive-behavioral, motivational-interview, Gestalt, solution-focused, and WRAP approach.
Hello, my name is Chermora Johnson, a Licensed Mental Health therapist. I have experience with adolescence, substance abuse, crisis, trauma, depression, anxiety, OCD, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. I have worked with various substance abuse and crisis intervention for several years. I work with trauma, depression, anxiety, OCD, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. I used the following theoretical approach of person-centered, cognitive-behavioral, motivational-interview, Gestalt, solution-focused, and WRAP approach.
(904) 447-1473 View (904) 447-1473
Photo of Jim Jenkins, LMHC, Counselor
Jim Jenkins
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Palm Coast, FL 32137
Success begins with smarter choices. Sometimes we just need someone to clarify how we are feeling and thinking about something to get energized about some plan or change in our life. TurningPoint Counseling and Life Coaching can help you make those smarter choices and get you on your way to where you want to be.
Success begins with smarter choices. Sometimes we just need someone to clarify how we are feeling and thinking about something to get energized about some plan or change in our life. TurningPoint Counseling and Life Coaching can help you make those smarter choices and get you on your way to where you want to be.
(828) 536-1244 View (828) 536-1244
Photo of Sara J Riley - Sara J. Riley, L.M.H.C., P.A., LMHC, Counselor
Sara J. Riley, L.M.H.C., P.A.
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Palm Coast, FL 32137
Waitlist for new clients
Seeking help is a serious and important manner and I appreciate your willingness to consider my practice. Psychotherapy is a process of change that focuses on behaviors, emotions and the way we think. I am trained to help you conceptualize problems and provide realistic and workable skills and interventions to assist you in finding solutions and help bring about the desired changes in your life and your child's life. I work with children, adolescents (18 y.o. and under) and families. I am a Certified Redirecting Children's Behavior Instructor and a Certified Clinical Anxiety Treatment Professional - Child and Adolescent.
Seeking help is a serious and important manner and I appreciate your willingness to consider my practice. Psychotherapy is a process of change that focuses on behaviors, emotions and the way we think. I am trained to help you conceptualize problems and provide realistic and workable skills and interventions to assist you in finding solutions and help bring about the desired changes in your life and your child's life. I work with children, adolescents (18 y.o. and under) and families. I am a Certified Redirecting Children's Behavior Instructor and a Certified Clinical Anxiety Treatment Professional - Child and Adolescent.
(386) 243-3918 View (386) 243-3918
Photo of Ashley Miller, LCMHC, Counselor
Ashley Miller
Counselor, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Palm Coast, FL 32137
Hello! My name is Ashley Miller. I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor with over 10 years of experience. I have worked with individuals of varying ages, gender, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, religion, and personality style addressing a wide range of issues (including but not limited to stress, addiction, anxiety, depression, relationship problems, ADHD, PTSD, grief/loss, codependency, self-esteem, and anger management.) Through an empathic, supportive, and collaborative therapeutic approach, I strive to help you develop awareness and authenticity, which will activate your innate potential to live a happier, fulfilling life.
Hello! My name is Ashley Miller. I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor with over 10 years of experience. I have worked with individuals of varying ages, gender, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, religion, and personality style addressing a wide range of issues (including but not limited to stress, addiction, anxiety, depression, relationship problems, ADHD, PTSD, grief/loss, codependency, self-esteem, and anger management.) Through an empathic, supportive, and collaborative therapeutic approach, I strive to help you develop awareness and authenticity, which will activate your innate potential to live a happier, fulfilling life.
(954) 231-1694 View (954) 231-1694
Photo of Beatrice Lafleur, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Beatrice Lafleur
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Palm Coast, FL 32135  (Online Only)
Can’t make sense of why you feel the way you do or do the things that you do? Do you feel alone? I work with teens and adults providing care for patients who struggle with depression, anxiety, and the desire to reach life goals. The main goal for my patients includes establishing and becoming the best versions of themselves. I believe that in my practice, my patients can achieve their goals if they believe in themselves, put in the work, and have support. I am inspired by “not being a product of ones circumstances but, being a product of the decisions and actions made.”
Can’t make sense of why you feel the way you do or do the things that you do? Do you feel alone? I work with teens and adults providing care for patients who struggle with depression, anxiety, and the desire to reach life goals. The main goal for my patients includes establishing and becoming the best versions of themselves. I believe that in my practice, my patients can achieve their goals if they believe in themselves, put in the work, and have support. I am inspired by “not being a product of ones circumstances but, being a product of the decisions and actions made.”
(386) 433-3967 View (386) 433-3967
Photo of Katina E Rikas - Katina E Rikas LMHC, MS, LMHC, Counselor
Katina E Rikas LMHC
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Palm Coast, FL 32137
With over twenty-five years of direct clinical care, I have the experience in providing counseling/psychotherapy for various issues and challenges that arise for most of us throughout the course our lives. My services range from bereavement/grief counseling, couples, marriage and family difficulties, transitional/life change issues, substance abuse and behavioral addictions, depression, anxiety, PTSD and thought disorders. In addition, I am certified in equine assisted psychotherapy for both children and adults which is a highly effective treatment for combat veterans, their families and those with other types of trauma.
With over twenty-five years of direct clinical care, I have the experience in providing counseling/psychotherapy for various issues and challenges that arise for most of us throughout the course our lives. My services range from bereavement/grief counseling, couples, marriage and family difficulties, transitional/life change issues, substance abuse and behavioral addictions, depression, anxiety, PTSD and thought disorders. In addition, I am certified in equine assisted psychotherapy for both children and adults which is a highly effective treatment for combat veterans, their families and those with other types of trauma.
(561) 715-2386 View (561) 715-2386
Photo of Center For Emotional And Sexual Health - Lori Michels Relationship Therapist, LMFT, CST, S-PSB, Marriage & Family Therapist
Center For Emotional And Sexual Health - Lori Michels Relationship Therapist
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CST, S-PSB
Verified Verified
Palm Coast, FL 32164  (Online Only)
Hi. I am a licensed therapist, relationship specialist, AASECT certified sex therapist, and a S-PSB in the states of Connecticut, Florida, and Vermont. I offer services online so I can work with anyone within the state lines and provide quality sex and relationship therapy. ​I work with individuals and couples with an integrative style so I can design therapy around you. My impartial and supportive setting can help you understand, work through, and resolve the dynamics that you are struggling with. I am dedicated to helping people resolve their emotional issues, sexual problems, and enhance their intimate relationships.​​​​​​​​
Hi. I am a licensed therapist, relationship specialist, AASECT certified sex therapist, and a S-PSB in the states of Connecticut, Florida, and Vermont. I offer services online so I can work with anyone within the state lines and provide quality sex and relationship therapy. ​I work with individuals and couples with an integrative style so I can design therapy around you. My impartial and supportive setting can help you understand, work through, and resolve the dynamics that you are struggling with. I am dedicated to helping people resolve their emotional issues, sexual problems, and enhance their intimate relationships.​​​​​​​​
(386) 703-9278 View (386) 703-9278
Photo of Sara Fulkerson, MSW, RCSWI
Sara Fulkerson
Registered Clinical Social Worker Intern, MSW, RCSWI
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Palm Coast, FL 32137  (Online Only)
Life’s twists, turns, and transitions can at times be overwhelming. You do not have to walk alone. My approach to therapy is to create a safe space to work through your experiences and to support you in the next steps on your journey. I have experience working with individuals diagnosed with bipolar, schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety. My client-centered approach includes utilizing mindfulness, boundary-setting, grief processing, narrative therapy, ACT, and DBT. I am also a Gottman Level 1 trained therapist.
Life’s twists, turns, and transitions can at times be overwhelming. You do not have to walk alone. My approach to therapy is to create a safe space to work through your experiences and to support you in the next steps on your journey. I have experience working with individuals diagnosed with bipolar, schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety. My client-centered approach includes utilizing mindfulness, boundary-setting, grief processing, narrative therapy, ACT, and DBT. I am also a Gottman Level 1 trained therapist.
(904) 650-4090 View (904) 650-4090
Photo of Rachel Koontz, MSW, CAC, CTP
Rachel Koontz
Registered Clinical Social Worker Intern, MSW, CAC, CTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Palm Coast, FL 32164
Do you find yourself struggling to let go of behaviors that are damaging your relationships and self-worth? I believe when one aspect of life is off-balance it can have subtle (and not so subtle) impacts on other life domains, leading to anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and a disconnect from the parts of us that feel most joyous and free. I am passionate about helping clients who are seeking freedom from substance use and process addictions.
Do you find yourself struggling to let go of behaviors that are damaging your relationships and self-worth? I believe when one aspect of life is off-balance it can have subtle (and not so subtle) impacts on other life domains, leading to anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and a disconnect from the parts of us that feel most joyous and free. I am passionate about helping clients who are seeking freedom from substance use and process addictions.
(407) 743-6868 View (407) 743-6868
Photo of Sherilyn Howard, DMin, MAPC, MATS, Pastoral Counselor
Sherilyn Howard
Pastoral Counselor, DMin, MAPC, MATS
Verified Verified
Palm Coast, FL 32137
My name is Dr. Sherilyn Howard, D.Min., and I have pastored a church with my husband for over twenty years. I received my Doctorate degree from Liberty University in Spiritual Formation, and a Master's degree in Pastoral Counseling and Theological Studies.
My name is Dr. Sherilyn Howard, D.Min., and I have pastored a church with my husband for over twenty years. I received my Doctorate degree from Liberty University in Spiritual Formation, and a Master's degree in Pastoral Counseling and Theological Studies.
(386) 703-9244 View (386) 703-9244
1

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Palm Coast, FL

100+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Palm Coast, FL who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
85% Depression
83% Coping Skills
78% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
68% Relationship Issues
61% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% Aetna
80% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
72% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Palm Coast, FL see their clients

69% In Person and Online
31% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Palm Coast?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.