Therapists in Nashville, TN

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Photo of Hillary VandeLinde, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Hillary VandeLinde
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37207
Life doesn't always go the way we want it to- we get dealt a hand sometimes that stops us in our tracks. Maybe your life "should" be feeling okay but you feel overwhelmed and don't know where to go. Or maybe, anxiety, depression, and burnout are feeling insurmountable and you need some help getting unstuck. You don't have to navigate this alone. I'm a licensed clinician with years of experience helping people walk through the hard parts of life and I am here to support you. I believe in excellent and ethical care and that therapy changes lives. All are welcome.
Life doesn't always go the way we want it to- we get dealt a hand sometimes that stops us in our tracks. Maybe your life "should" be feeling okay but you feel overwhelmed and don't know where to go. Or maybe, anxiety, depression, and burnout are feeling insurmountable and you need some help getting unstuck. You don't have to navigate this alone. I'm a licensed clinician with years of experience helping people walk through the hard parts of life and I am here to support you. I believe in excellent and ethical care and that therapy changes lives. All are welcome.
(615) 956-2885 View (615) 956-2885
Photo of Alexandra Kerr, LPCMHSP, LMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Alexandra Kerr
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCMHSP, LMHC
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37221  (Online Only)
I have worked in various settings helping clients with a range of problems including anxiety, depression, going through life transitions, bipolar and other mood disorders, ADHD, PTSD, narcissistic abuse, substance use disorders, grief and loss, and personality disorders, etc. I like to take a person centered, solution focused approach to help you through whatever you are struggling with. Sometimes we all could use a safe, unbiased place to process things or someone to help us see that there are other ways to look at things.
I have worked in various settings helping clients with a range of problems including anxiety, depression, going through life transitions, bipolar and other mood disorders, ADHD, PTSD, narcissistic abuse, substance use disorders, grief and loss, and personality disorders, etc. I like to take a person centered, solution focused approach to help you through whatever you are struggling with. Sometimes we all could use a safe, unbiased place to process things or someone to help us see that there are other ways to look at things.
(615) 933-8584 View (615) 933-8584
Photo of Chelsey Brooke Cole - Chelsey Brooke Cole - Narcissistic Abuse Expert, LPC, MHSP, CPTT, RPT
Chelsey Brooke Cole - Narcissistic Abuse Expert
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPC, MHSP, CPTT, RPT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203  (Online Only)
*Telehealth Only* Are you struggling to manage your anxieties about your relationships or the future? Do you feel stuck replaying situations over and over again in your head, which leads you to question yourself or feel like you're "going crazy"? Do you wish you could gain clarity, motivation, and direction? I understand how frustrating and exhausting it can be to feel overwhelmed, confused, and searching for answers. Although it might be difficult to see right now, there is a way to create a meaningful life, where you feel confident, sure of your decisions, and proud of who you are. You just have to take the first step!
*Telehealth Only* Are you struggling to manage your anxieties about your relationships or the future? Do you feel stuck replaying situations over and over again in your head, which leads you to question yourself or feel like you're "going crazy"? Do you wish you could gain clarity, motivation, and direction? I understand how frustrating and exhausting it can be to feel overwhelmed, confused, and searching for answers. Although it might be difficult to see right now, there is a way to create a meaningful life, where you feel confident, sure of your decisions, and proud of who you are. You just have to take the first step!
(615) 560-7322 View (615) 560-7322
Photo of Grace (Bomar) Finn, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Grace (Bomar) Finn
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37204
I hear folks on my therapy couch often ask these questions: "Why can't I get a hold on these anxious feelings?" "Why am I still repeating these same patterns?" "Why does (experience) bring up so much (emotion) for me?" I help adults and adolescents (16+) translate this curiosity into insight to develop emotion regulation skills, a sense of self rooted in integrity instead of shame, and more mindfulness in their relationships. I work mostly with anxiety, LGBTQIA+ issues, depression, emotion regulation difficulty, relationship issues, spirituality, and grief, including “identity grief” (grieving the life we thought we’d live).
I hear folks on my therapy couch often ask these questions: "Why can't I get a hold on these anxious feelings?" "Why am I still repeating these same patterns?" "Why does (experience) bring up so much (emotion) for me?" I help adults and adolescents (16+) translate this curiosity into insight to develop emotion regulation skills, a sense of self rooted in integrity instead of shame, and more mindfulness in their relationships. I work mostly with anxiety, LGBTQIA+ issues, depression, emotion regulation difficulty, relationship issues, spirituality, and grief, including “identity grief” (grieving the life we thought we’d live).
(615) 987-0542 View (615) 987-0542
Photo of Carrie Wilkerson, MA, MMFT, Pre-Licensed Professional
Carrie Wilkerson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MMFT
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37203
Hi, I’m Carrie. Whatever is happening in your life right now, we can face it with care and find authentic, effective ways to handle it, together. For over 20 years, I’ve worked with individuals, groups, organizations, and communities in making positive change. I have also experienced my own healing journey from childhood abuse and family dysfunction, so I’m intimately familiar with the terrain. My life’s passion is for healing trauma; transforming pain into wholeness; helping my clients develop their unique gifts and path; and nurturing relationships back to health; and that’s what I’ve trained to do.
Hi, I’m Carrie. Whatever is happening in your life right now, we can face it with care and find authentic, effective ways to handle it, together. For over 20 years, I’ve worked with individuals, groups, organizations, and communities in making positive change. I have also experienced my own healing journey from childhood abuse and family dysfunction, so I’m intimately familiar with the terrain. My life’s passion is for healing trauma; transforming pain into wholeness; helping my clients develop their unique gifts and path; and nurturing relationships back to health; and that’s what I’ve trained to do.
(615) 492-2208 View (615) 492-2208
Photo of Lane Newton, MEd, LPC, MHSP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lane Newton
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37220
It is an honor to be able to listen, support, and help families find hope. I am a licensed professional counselor who provides counseling services to children and families in Nashville. I specialize in working with trauma, abuse, and attachment and have experience with clients in a variety of settings, including domestic violence, adoption, and foster care.
It is an honor to be able to listen, support, and help families find hope. I am a licensed professional counselor who provides counseling services to children and families in Nashville. I specialize in working with trauma, abuse, and attachment and have experience with clients in a variety of settings, including domestic violence, adoption, and foster care.
(615) 502-4937 View (615) 502-4937
Photo of Mark Simpson, PhD, Psychologist
Mark Simpson
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37212
Managing life’s challenges can overwhelming. Whether juggling typical ups and downs or coping with loss, trauma, major upset, or crisis, I have found that clients seek therapy with me because they are tired of feeling alone in their struggles and want an emotional connection with an experienced therapist who is empathic, caring, understanding, and non-judgmental. I work with a variety of clients and issues, including depression, anxiety, unresolved trauma, addictions, or relationship conflicts. At the core, I think clients are searching for happiness, fulfillment, and purpose in life.
Managing life’s challenges can overwhelming. Whether juggling typical ups and downs or coping with loss, trauma, major upset, or crisis, I have found that clients seek therapy with me because they are tired of feeling alone in their struggles and want an emotional connection with an experienced therapist who is empathic, caring, understanding, and non-judgmental. I work with a variety of clients and issues, including depression, anxiety, unresolved trauma, addictions, or relationship conflicts. At the core, I think clients are searching for happiness, fulfillment, and purpose in life.
(615) 703-3425 View (615) 703-3425
Photo of Brooke Urich, MA, LPC, Counselor
Brooke Urich
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37204
Whether you are facing the hardest moments of your life, or just trying to embrace the transition to a new season, I want to create a safe and accepting space for you to process and gain deeper insight. In my experience as a counselor, I have had the honor of sitting with individuals and couples who have faced a broad range of issues. My clinical interests include trauma, grief, depression, anxiety, life-transitions, and relationship issues. It is my honor to sit with those who are in the midst of dark moments, and help shine a light on the steps forward.
Whether you are facing the hardest moments of your life, or just trying to embrace the transition to a new season, I want to create a safe and accepting space for you to process and gain deeper insight. In my experience as a counselor, I have had the honor of sitting with individuals and couples who have faced a broad range of issues. My clinical interests include trauma, grief, depression, anxiety, life-transitions, and relationship issues. It is my honor to sit with those who are in the midst of dark moments, and help shine a light on the steps forward.
(615) 505-4135 View (615) 505-4135
Photo of Jess Costaldi, LPC, MHSP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jess Costaldi
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37216
As a systems-focused narrative therapist, I help my clients explore the personal, relational and societal stories (both useful and problematic) that shape and give meaning to their lives. My collaborative sessions highlight and emphasize clients' strengths and innate ability to "re-write" difficult chapters of their stories so that new pathways to empowered, inspired living can emerge.
As a systems-focused narrative therapist, I help my clients explore the personal, relational and societal stories (both useful and problematic) that shape and give meaning to their lives. My collaborative sessions highlight and emphasize clients' strengths and innate ability to "re-write" difficult chapters of their stories so that new pathways to empowered, inspired living can emerge.
(615) 697-4877 View (615) 697-4877
Photo of Tozia Ware, EdS, LPC, MHSP(t), NCC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Tozia Ware
Pre-Licensed Professional, EdS, LPC, MHSP(t), NCC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37216
You're carrying the weight of navigating a world that often feels like it wasn't built for you. It can be brutal, the constant feeling of being on edge, the unseen barriers you face daily, and the overwhelming expectation to fit the “mold”. You're not alone. I'm here to help you heal, reclaim your life, and thrive. I understand that navigating these challenges can be incredibly difficult and that they can leave deep emotional scars. As a therapist working with individuals facing these issues, I deeply understand how these challenges can manifest and uniquely impact your life, and I recognize the interconnectedness between them.
You're carrying the weight of navigating a world that often feels like it wasn't built for you. It can be brutal, the constant feeling of being on edge, the unseen barriers you face daily, and the overwhelming expectation to fit the “mold”. You're not alone. I'm here to help you heal, reclaim your life, and thrive. I understand that navigating these challenges can be incredibly difficult and that they can leave deep emotional scars. As a therapist working with individuals facing these issues, I deeply understand how these challenges can manifest and uniquely impact your life, and I recognize the interconnectedness between them.
(615) 492-3564 View (615) 492-3564
Photo of Dr. Douglas Ribeiro, PhD, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dr. Douglas Ribeiro
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37203
Seeking help is one of the most courageous things a human being can do. For this reason, I'm fully committed to the healing of those who entrust me with their most sensitive difficulties and problems.
Seeking help is one of the most courageous things a human being can do. For this reason, I'm fully committed to the healing of those who entrust me with their most sensitive difficulties and problems.
(629) 205-0581 View (629) 205-0581
Photo of Cindy Kilton, MEd, Pre-Licensed Professional
Cindy Kilton
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37207
Not accepting new clients
You are here because you've realized that life as it is isn't working for you. I help with anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, cultural challenges and more. I prioritize creating a safe space where people feel understood, valued, and supported in exploring and being their authentic selves, and I serve as a non-judgmental fellow human who can walk beside you (even when feelings are icky). My therapy style is warm and collaborative, with a sprinkle of humor. It's easy to feel overwhelmed because you don't know where to start. I can shed light on strengths that may be hard for you to see and help you get moving towards change.
You are here because you've realized that life as it is isn't working for you. I help with anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, cultural challenges and more. I prioritize creating a safe space where people feel understood, valued, and supported in exploring and being their authentic selves, and I serve as a non-judgmental fellow human who can walk beside you (even when feelings are icky). My therapy style is warm and collaborative, with a sprinkle of humor. It's easy to feel overwhelmed because you don't know where to start. I can shed light on strengths that may be hard for you to see and help you get moving towards change.
(615) 909-4262 View (615) 909-4262
Photo of Hannah Biggs, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Hannah Biggs
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37204
I have experience working with individuals experiencing a wide range of mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, trauma, interpersonal conflict, and difficult life transitions. I believe that everyone has the potential to heal and grow, and I'm committed to helping clients reach their full potential.
I have experience working with individuals experiencing a wide range of mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, trauma, interpersonal conflict, and difficult life transitions. I believe that everyone has the potential to heal and grow, and I'm committed to helping clients reach their full potential.
(615) 378-0553 View (615) 378-0553
Photo of Kiesa Kelly - ScienceWorks Behavioral Healthcare, Psychologist
ScienceWorks Behavioral Healthcare
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37206  (Online Only)
Treatment for psychological disorders is better than ever. I specialize in offering new, evidence-based treatment options for OCD and related/co-occuring conditions that are more gentle and affirming than traditional approaches. How you experience OCD can be influenced by ADHD, Autism, racism, LGBTQ+ identity, trauma history, substance use and other contextual and identity factors. I'm here to listen with humility and acceptance (no thoughts are too shameful or taboo), make a thoughtful diagnosis, and gently guide you through science-backed treatment. Best of all, we can do it all from the comfort of home via videoconferencing.
Treatment for psychological disorders is better than ever. I specialize in offering new, evidence-based treatment options for OCD and related/co-occuring conditions that are more gentle and affirming than traditional approaches. How you experience OCD can be influenced by ADHD, Autism, racism, LGBTQ+ identity, trauma history, substance use and other contextual and identity factors. I'm here to listen with humility and acceptance (no thoughts are too shameful or taboo), make a thoughtful diagnosis, and gently guide you through science-backed treatment. Best of all, we can do it all from the comfort of home via videoconferencing.
(615) 237-7146 View (615) 237-7146
Photo of Mary Haycraft, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mary Haycraft
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37215  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who has been practicing for 8 years.I have experience working in community mental health centers, intensive outpatient facilities, hospitals, and schools with clients who suffer from anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, and substance abuse. I enjoy working with individuals who are ready for a change in their life. I have experience using cognitive behavioral therapy, trauma-informed therapy as well as dialectical behavioral therapy to motivate and empower my clients. My ideal client is ready to actively work on improving their quality of life.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who has been practicing for 8 years.I have experience working in community mental health centers, intensive outpatient facilities, hospitals, and schools with clients who suffer from anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, and substance abuse. I enjoy working with individuals who are ready for a change in their life. I have experience using cognitive behavioral therapy, trauma-informed therapy as well as dialectical behavioral therapy to motivate and empower my clients. My ideal client is ready to actively work on improving their quality of life.
(615) 437-3060 View (615) 437-3060
Photo of Rain Marie Voss, LPC, MHSP, Counselor
Rain Marie Voss
Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37212
The pace of modern life, its demands and technology, can occasionally overwhelm the most courageous and determined human being, and a sensitive soul can become even more easily derailed. Add to that our habituated tendency to numb our feeling selves and disassociate from our bodies, and it is no wonder so many of us feel out of alignment with our natural freedom, self-expression, creativity and joy. My work is about helping you return to this original state. The method? A context and relationship that value and invite embodied, sacred conversation to guide us home to our truest and highest nature.
The pace of modern life, its demands and technology, can occasionally overwhelm the most courageous and determined human being, and a sensitive soul can become even more easily derailed. Add to that our habituated tendency to numb our feeling selves and disassociate from our bodies, and it is no wonder so many of us feel out of alignment with our natural freedom, self-expression, creativity and joy. My work is about helping you return to this original state. The method? A context and relationship that value and invite embodied, sacred conversation to guide us home to our truest and highest nature.
(615) 603-3235 View (615) 603-3235
Photo of Mary Alexander Feldman, LPC, MHSP(t), Pre-Licensed Professional
Mary Alexander Feldman
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC, MHSP(t)
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37205  (Online Only)
I've worked at multiple levels of care, and I've seen OCD & anxiety at their gnarliest. OCD is not just about germs and organization. It can include debilitating mental compulsions, taboo themes, complex presentations, and so much more. Finding therapists who "get it" can be challenging. That's where I come in.
I've worked at multiple levels of care, and I've seen OCD & anxiety at their gnarliest. OCD is not just about germs and organization. It can include debilitating mental compulsions, taboo themes, complex presentations, and so much more. Finding therapists who "get it" can be challenging. That's where I come in.
(615) 437-7843 View (615) 437-7843
Photo of Aaron Kyle Shadrick, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Aaron Kyle Shadrick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37205  (Online Only)
Hi there! My name is Kyle Shadrick, and I'm a practicing LCSW therapist in the state of TN. I'm passionate about helping people to catalyze positive change in their lives. I'm particularly passionate about trauma work, as well as working with LGBTQIA+ individuals. Other areas of experience include family of origin issues, stress management, and anxiety. I currently see patients via Headway, a teletherapy site. After contacting me, I will help you get set up on Headway and instruct you on how to get booked with me.
Hi there! My name is Kyle Shadrick, and I'm a practicing LCSW therapist in the state of TN. I'm passionate about helping people to catalyze positive change in their lives. I'm particularly passionate about trauma work, as well as working with LGBTQIA+ individuals. Other areas of experience include family of origin issues, stress management, and anxiety. I currently see patients via Headway, a teletherapy site. After contacting me, I will help you get set up on Headway and instruct you on how to get booked with me.
(629) 302-2736 View (629) 302-2736
Photo of Rob Rickman, LPC-MHS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rob Rickman
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-MHS
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37212
The decision to begin therapy takes courage and a desire to improve one’s life. Having the support of a trusted and trained helper can make a significant difference through the myriad challenges we encounter. No matter what you are going through, I have years of experience helping people cultivate more fulfilling lives through evidence-based treatment. If you want to pursue growth & healthy goals, we would work well together. I am also highly motivated to provide a safe space for people in the Queer, Trans, Black, Latinx, Asian, Indian, Jewish, Muslim, immigrant, atheist, agnostic & other diverse communities. You are welcome here.
The decision to begin therapy takes courage and a desire to improve one’s life. Having the support of a trusted and trained helper can make a significant difference through the myriad challenges we encounter. No matter what you are going through, I have years of experience helping people cultivate more fulfilling lives through evidence-based treatment. If you want to pursue growth & healthy goals, we would work well together. I am also highly motivated to provide a safe space for people in the Queer, Trans, Black, Latinx, Asian, Indian, Jewish, Muslim, immigrant, atheist, agnostic & other diverse communities. You are welcome here.
(615) 645-2754 View (615) 645-2754
Photo of Sunny Farrell, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sunny Farrell
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
Prior to becoming a therapist, I worked for many years in adoption and child welfare. This experience allows me to take an informed clinical approach to families and the challenges presented in our daily lives and within our communities. Additionally, this work has given me an understanding of high stress work environments.
Prior to becoming a therapist, I worked for many years in adoption and child welfare. This experience allows me to take an informed clinical approach to families and the challenges presented in our daily lives and within our communities. Additionally, this work has given me an understanding of high stress work environments.
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Nashville, TN

1,000+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Nashville, TN who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
84% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
68% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% Aetna
76% Cigna and Evernorth
64% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Nashville, TN see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Nashville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.