Therapists in Philadelphia, PA

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Photo of Allison Short, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Allison Short
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102  (Online Only)
You are not a diagnosis, a project, or a problem to be solved. Together, we’ll create a space that nurtures your exploration, self-discovery, and healing. As a gender-affirming therapist, I have experience counseling trans and queer individuals of all ages and backgrounds. I believe therapy can help you overcome any barrier or struggle by offering a safe, judgment-free space where you can be your most authentic self. I’ll supportively challenge you to view yourself, others, and your problems from a new perspective.
You are not a diagnosis, a project, or a problem to be solved. Together, we’ll create a space that nurtures your exploration, self-discovery, and healing. As a gender-affirming therapist, I have experience counseling trans and queer individuals of all ages and backgrounds. I believe therapy can help you overcome any barrier or struggle by offering a safe, judgment-free space where you can be your most authentic self. I’ll supportively challenge you to view yourself, others, and your problems from a new perspective.
(267) 500-8968 View (267) 500-8968
Photo of Danielle Tucci, MS, CAADC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Danielle Tucci
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, CAADC, LPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19128  (Online Only)
Engaging in therapy offers the opportunity to create positive change. Whether you're seeking relief from overwhelming anxiety symptoms, looking for support during a life transition or stressor, or wanting to strengthen your relationships and boundaries, we’ll explore practical strategies to help you navigate challenges with more confidence and ease.
Engaging in therapy offers the opportunity to create positive change. Whether you're seeking relief from overwhelming anxiety symptoms, looking for support during a life transition or stressor, or wanting to strengthen your relationships and boundaries, we’ll explore practical strategies to help you navigate challenges with more confidence and ease.
(215) 631-3696 View (215) 631-3696
Photo of Natasha Bryant, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Natasha Bryant
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19107  (Online Only)
You are in a season of transition and you feel stuck in knowing what is the “right” step to take first. Overthinking is causing anxiety and self doubt has you questioning yourself. You no longer want to allow comparisons, pleasing, and perfectionism to stop you from living your life on your terms. You know you want more for yourself. You acknowledge that you deserve more. More fulfillment, joy, meaningful connections, and satisfaction. You are ready to unapologetically live your best life as your authentic self.
You are in a season of transition and you feel stuck in knowing what is the “right” step to take first. Overthinking is causing anxiety and self doubt has you questioning yourself. You no longer want to allow comparisons, pleasing, and perfectionism to stop you from living your life on your terms. You know you want more for yourself. You acknowledge that you deserve more. More fulfillment, joy, meaningful connections, and satisfaction. You are ready to unapologetically live your best life as your authentic self.
(215) 666-0358 View (215) 666-0358
Photo of Sean Avellini, MS, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Sean Avellini
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, MA
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19110
Therapy is a journey of self-exploration, and my role on that journey is to listen, to accept you as you are, and to walk with you toward a more authentic and rewarding life. My presence is warm and calm, and my approach to therapy is humanistic, meaning that, above all else, I value building a genuine, human connection with you. It is through the comfort of this connection that we will safely and holistically explore what it’s like to be you. Along the way, I will help you to deepen your self-awareness and process your emotions, and I will help you feel empowered to move forward in ways that feel true and right for you.
Therapy is a journey of self-exploration, and my role on that journey is to listen, to accept you as you are, and to walk with you toward a more authentic and rewarding life. My presence is warm and calm, and my approach to therapy is humanistic, meaning that, above all else, I value building a genuine, human connection with you. It is through the comfort of this connection that we will safely and holistically explore what it’s like to be you. Along the way, I will help you to deepen your self-awareness and process your emotions, and I will help you feel empowered to move forward in ways that feel true and right for you.
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Photo of Sara M Evans, PsyD, Psychologist
Sara M Evans
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102
I am a clinical psychologist and certified school psychologist who specializes in private school admissions testing, psychoeducational testing to determine the presence of learning disabilities or ADHD, parent counseling, and therapy with children, adolescents, college students, and adults.
I am a clinical psychologist and certified school psychologist who specializes in private school admissions testing, psychoeducational testing to determine the presence of learning disabilities or ADHD, parent counseling, and therapy with children, adolescents, college students, and adults.
(215) 970-2367 View (215) 970-2367
Photo of Alyssa Kull, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alyssa Kull
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
Tired of reading bios? I would be too, so I'll keep it short: I graduated from UPenn 10+ years ago with a Master's in Social Work. I have experience working in almost every setting you could imagine.
Tired of reading bios? I would be too, so I'll keep it short: I graduated from UPenn 10+ years ago with a Master's in Social Work. I have experience working in almost every setting you could imagine.
(484) 729-8056 View (484) 729-8056
Photo of Sophia Brandstetter -  DBT Program- Growth thru Change, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
DBT Program- Growth thru Change
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19146  (Online Only)
We tend to think of change and acceptance as opposing truths, as if accepting our situation means doing nothing about it. Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is a therapeutic approach that seeks to transcend this all-or-nothing way of thinking. It teaches us to radically accept our situation as it is, while still working to improve the things within our control. Instead of seeing change and acceptance as opposing truths, DBT allows us to see them as truths that reinforce each other. In other words: embracing acceptance can lead to change, and embracing change can lead to acceptance.
We tend to think of change and acceptance as opposing truths, as if accepting our situation means doing nothing about it. Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is a therapeutic approach that seeks to transcend this all-or-nothing way of thinking. It teaches us to radically accept our situation as it is, while still working to improve the things within our control. Instead of seeing change and acceptance as opposing truths, DBT allows us to see them as truths that reinforce each other. In other words: embracing acceptance can lead to change, and embracing change can lead to acceptance.
(215) 607-2251 x104 View (215) 607-2251 x104
Photo of Devon Bowman, MS, LAC, Counselor
Devon Bowman
Counselor, MS, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19147  (Online Only)
Hi I’m Devon and I’m glad you’re here. I’m a master’s level counselor with a degree specialized in trauma treatment. When we have experiences that change the way we relate to the world, it can be difficult to adjust. I’d consider it an honor to be part of your journey toward healing and re-discovery. It is my goal to provide you with a container to process and explore your emotions. I can also teach you skills to help establish a sense of safety within yourself and your environment.
Hi I’m Devon and I’m glad you’re here. I’m a master’s level counselor with a degree specialized in trauma treatment. When we have experiences that change the way we relate to the world, it can be difficult to adjust. I’d consider it an honor to be part of your journey toward healing and re-discovery. It is my goal to provide you with a container to process and explore your emotions. I can also teach you skills to help establish a sense of safety within yourself and your environment.
(484) 616-2767 View (484) 616-2767
Photo of Sonya Chartoff, LPC, MT-BC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sonya Chartoff
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MT-BC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19145
Not accepting new clients
Hi! My name is Sonya and I am a licensed professional counselor and board certified music therapist working with adults dealing with mental health, life transitions, and substance abuse. I have seven years of experience working in both inpatient mental health and substance abuse rehab settings. I have experience working with clients dealing with depression, anxiety, substance abuse disorders, and post traumatic stress disorder. I am passionate about working with the LGBT population and other marginalized communities to support their overall mental health goals through affirming care.
Hi! My name is Sonya and I am a licensed professional counselor and board certified music therapist working with adults dealing with mental health, life transitions, and substance abuse. I have seven years of experience working in both inpatient mental health and substance abuse rehab settings. I have experience working with clients dealing with depression, anxiety, substance abuse disorders, and post traumatic stress disorder. I am passionate about working with the LGBT population and other marginalized communities to support their overall mental health goals through affirming care.
(267) 429-4834 View (267) 429-4834
Photo of Angelo Adson, MSS, MSLP, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Angelo Adson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSS, MSLP, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19151
I know that taking the first step toward therapy can feel scary, especially if you’re unsure of the process. But after 30+ years of helping thousands of adults, adolescents, couples, & families navigate life’s challenges, I can assure you that therapy can be a powerful tool for healing & growth. Whether you're dealing with trauma, high levels of stress, anger, or relationship struggles, I’m here to be a part of your journey. My approach is warm, empathetic & down-to-earth. Clients often tell me that they feel supported in our sessions, but they also feel gently challenged to stretch themselves, grow & become the best version of you.
I know that taking the first step toward therapy can feel scary, especially if you’re unsure of the process. But after 30+ years of helping thousands of adults, adolescents, couples, & families navigate life’s challenges, I can assure you that therapy can be a powerful tool for healing & growth. Whether you're dealing with trauma, high levels of stress, anger, or relationship struggles, I’m here to be a part of your journey. My approach is warm, empathetic & down-to-earth. Clients often tell me that they feel supported in our sessions, but they also feel gently challenged to stretch themselves, grow & become the best version of you.
(610) 890-9331 View (610) 890-9331
Photo of Karen Rivera-Seda - Floreat Counseling & Wellness, LPC, MFT, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Floreat Counseling & Wellness
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MFT, NCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19111  (Online Only)
Greetings! I am a Jamaican born licensed professional counselor and marriage, couples & family therapist who conducts sessions in English and Jamaican Patois (Patwah). Through forming a collaborative partnership, I provide support to high school seniors, college students, and adults in the areas of anxiety, grief, life transitions, betrayal trauma, Caribbean immigrant parent(s) concerns, and being the adult/young adult child of immigrants. I also provide support to couples in the areas of communication, interracial relationships, premarital, pre-engagement and pre-cohabitation.
Greetings! I am a Jamaican born licensed professional counselor and marriage, couples & family therapist who conducts sessions in English and Jamaican Patois (Patwah). Through forming a collaborative partnership, I provide support to high school seniors, college students, and adults in the areas of anxiety, grief, life transitions, betrayal trauma, Caribbean immigrant parent(s) concerns, and being the adult/young adult child of immigrants. I also provide support to couples in the areas of communication, interracial relationships, premarital, pre-engagement and pre-cohabitation.
(215) 960-9346 View (215) 960-9346
Photo of Omar Alsaadi, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Omar Alsaadi
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19122
As someone who has experienced Tourette's and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, I understand how influential our mental health is and how life changing it is to seek treatment. Although discussing your emotions with someone is never an easy decision, I am here to help you grow and heal through the discomfort. I specialize in working with anxiety (with particular expertise in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Tourette's Disorder) and depression, using multiple methods for treatment. I also have multicultural familiarity, and have worked well with clients of different backgrounds.
As someone who has experienced Tourette's and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, I understand how influential our mental health is and how life changing it is to seek treatment. Although discussing your emotions with someone is never an easy decision, I am here to help you grow and heal through the discomfort. I specialize in working with anxiety (with particular expertise in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Tourette's Disorder) and depression, using multiple methods for treatment. I also have multicultural familiarity, and have worked well with clients of different backgrounds.
(724) 503-6231 View (724) 503-6231
Photo of John D. Granger II, LCSW, SAP, CCTP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
John D. Granger II
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, SAP, CCTP
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103
At times life can be challenging; it is filled with ups and downs. It takes a strong person to ask for help when faced with the challenges life may bring. It is important for you to know that you do not have to go through these challenges alone. As a therapist I believe that you are the expert on your life. Through guided discovery, my goal is to collaboratively work with you to help you process and work through the issues that are present in your life.
At times life can be challenging; it is filled with ups and downs. It takes a strong person to ask for help when faced with the challenges life may bring. It is important for you to know that you do not have to go through these challenges alone. As a therapist I believe that you are the expert on your life. Through guided discovery, my goal is to collaboratively work with you to help you process and work through the issues that are present in your life.
(856) 288-2232 View (856) 288-2232
Photo of Dr. Ida Devers Diplomate Of Med Cannabinoid Science, DHA, MBA, MS, LN, ASN
Dr. Ida Devers Diplomate Of Med Cannabinoid Science
DHA, MBA, MS, LN, ASN
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19115
I’m Dr. Ida Devers. With a passion for holistic health and a dedication to improving lives, I bring a wealth of knowledge and experience to the field of health administration and wellness. I hold a Doctoral degree in Health Administration and an MBA in Health Administration, equipping me with a robust understanding of the healthcare landscape. My academic journey also includes a Master of Science in Integrative and Functional Medicine, reflecting my commitment to a comprehensive approach to health.
I’m Dr. Ida Devers. With a passion for holistic health and a dedication to improving lives, I bring a wealth of knowledge and experience to the field of health administration and wellness. I hold a Doctoral degree in Health Administration and an MBA in Health Administration, equipping me with a robust understanding of the healthcare landscape. My academic journey also includes a Master of Science in Integrative and Functional Medicine, reflecting my commitment to a comprehensive approach to health.
(267) 459-8511 View (267) 459-8511
Photo of Shanda Weeden, LPC, Counselor
Shanda Weeden
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
Life presents challenges as we navigate through this journey we experience various phases on this unique path. I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor with 22 years of experience working with individuals just like you traveling on this unique path. Together we will work on strategies to aid in making connections, just right for you. Allow your truth to manifest! I welcome you on this beautiful journey of life despite the challenges as your teammate. I look forward to seeing your name on my schedule and joining you on this journey as a team member. Let's GO :) come ALIVE!
Life presents challenges as we navigate through this journey we experience various phases on this unique path. I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor with 22 years of experience working with individuals just like you traveling on this unique path. Together we will work on strategies to aid in making connections, just right for you. Allow your truth to manifest! I welcome you on this beautiful journey of life despite the challenges as your teammate. I look forward to seeing your name on my schedule and joining you on this journey as a team member. Let's GO :) come ALIVE!
(484) 573-6643 View (484) 573-6643
Photo of Zoey Lee, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Zoey Lee
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19103
I love building genuine and transformative relationships with my clients. Learning about people and witnessing their resilience, humanity, and growth is deeply meaningful. I specialize in working with clients to understand and process attachment trauma - which can lead to symptoms of anxiety, depression, isolation, and more - so that clients can have deeper, richer, and more meaningful relationships with others and themselves. I offer a space in which we can build a safe, supportive relationship and work together to heal the wounds that continue to cause suffering in your life.
I love building genuine and transformative relationships with my clients. Learning about people and witnessing their resilience, humanity, and growth is deeply meaningful. I specialize in working with clients to understand and process attachment trauma - which can lead to symptoms of anxiety, depression, isolation, and more - so that clients can have deeper, richer, and more meaningful relationships with others and themselves. I offer a space in which we can build a safe, supportive relationship and work together to heal the wounds that continue to cause suffering in your life.
(484) 673-6014 View (484) 673-6014
Photo of Kevin Caridad - Cognitive Behavior Institute, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cognitive Behavior Institute
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19111
Welcome to Cognitive Behavior Institute! We are committed to providing the best care possible through established treatment methods. These treatment methods are proven to be effective for a wide range of mental health diagnoses and psychological distresses. Cognitive Behavior Institute (CBI) is proud to employ adept licensed clinicians, board-certified psychiatrists, and compassionate administrative staff with diverse experience in their respective fields.
Welcome to Cognitive Behavior Institute! We are committed to providing the best care possible through established treatment methods. These treatment methods are proven to be effective for a wide range of mental health diagnoses and psychological distresses. Cognitive Behavior Institute (CBI) is proud to employ adept licensed clinicians, board-certified psychiatrists, and compassionate administrative staff with diverse experience in their respective fields.
(267) 867-5785 View (267) 867-5785
Photo of Augie Hermann, PhD, Psychologist
Augie Hermann
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102
Are you feeling anxious, depressed or overwhelmed? Struggling with your relationships? We humans are wired for connection. When life's experiences damage those connections, we end up depressed, anxious, angry & unhappy, often turning to unhealthy lifestyles including alcohol, food, drugs & overspending. We suffer & our relationships suffer. Therapy allows time for exploring these disconnections & learning new skills for connecting to ourselves, others & the world, so we can live the life we want. I can help you clarify & work productively with these issues, develop your strengths, & experience a greater overall sense of well-being.
Are you feeling anxious, depressed or overwhelmed? Struggling with your relationships? We humans are wired for connection. When life's experiences damage those connections, we end up depressed, anxious, angry & unhappy, often turning to unhealthy lifestyles including alcohol, food, drugs & overspending. We suffer & our relationships suffer. Therapy allows time for exploring these disconnections & learning new skills for connecting to ourselves, others & the world, so we can live the life we want. I can help you clarify & work productively with these issues, develop your strengths, & experience a greater overall sense of well-being.
(215) 352-4798 View (215) 352-4798
Photo of Stephanie Koszarek, LPC, ATR-BC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Stephanie Koszarek
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102
I specialize in depression and anxiety with teens and adults struggling with symptoms that include: numbness, emptiness, disconnection/dissociation, loss of motivation, loss of pleasure, overwhelming emotions, racing/worried thoughts, panic attacks, and social avoidance. Please visit my website for more details at: www.ag-counseling.org.
I specialize in depression and anxiety with teens and adults struggling with symptoms that include: numbness, emptiness, disconnection/dissociation, loss of motivation, loss of pleasure, overwhelming emotions, racing/worried thoughts, panic attacks, and social avoidance. Please visit my website for more details at: www.ag-counseling.org.
(267) 551-5829 View (267) 551-5829
Photo of Jenna Spitz, MSS, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jenna Spitz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSS, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19143
First of all: you have the potential to thrive and feel supported. Your experiences and perspectives are huge assets going into therapy. I help my clients overcome fear and navigate conflict, uncertainty, change, and loss. My approach is creative, deeply compassionate, and rooted in relationship. With humor and warmth, I'll help you show up authentically for yourself, your loved ones, and your communities. Together, we’ll work through the complexities of your relationships, break unhelpful patterns, and heal the wounds that could be holding you back from finding personal growth and pleasure in your daily life.
First of all: you have the potential to thrive and feel supported. Your experiences and perspectives are huge assets going into therapy. I help my clients overcome fear and navigate conflict, uncertainty, change, and loss. My approach is creative, deeply compassionate, and rooted in relationship. With humor and warmth, I'll help you show up authentically for yourself, your loved ones, and your communities. Together, we’ll work through the complexities of your relationships, break unhelpful patterns, and heal the wounds that could be holding you back from finding personal growth and pleasure in your daily life.
(215) 608-0413 View (215) 608-0413
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Philadelphia, PA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$146

Therapists in Philadelphia, PA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
86% Depression
72% Self Esteem
69% Relationship Issues
68% Trauma and PTSD
64% Coping Skills
59% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% Aetna
68% Cigna and Evernorth
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Philadelphia, PA see their clients

52% Online Only
48% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

77% Female
20% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Philadelphia?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.