Therapists in Minneapolis, MN

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Photo of Kaylee Audrey Bond, MA, LPCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kaylee Audrey Bond
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55418
I specialize with children 0-5, neurodivergent/queer/ gender questioning people of all ages, and couples. My individual sessions are trauma informed and social justice oriented with children, teens, and adults. I love helping with skills for neurodivergence, adjusting to life changes, parenting, pre/post natal and relationship issues. My couples are often Queer, Polyam, and Kink; although all couples are welcome. I also help couples with mental health impacts, parenting, sex issues, and identity.
I specialize with children 0-5, neurodivergent/queer/ gender questioning people of all ages, and couples. My individual sessions are trauma informed and social justice oriented with children, teens, and adults. I love helping with skills for neurodivergence, adjusting to life changes, parenting, pre/post natal and relationship issues. My couples are often Queer, Polyam, and Kink; although all couples are welcome. I also help couples with mental health impacts, parenting, sex issues, and identity.
(763) 415-7880 View (763) 415-7880
Photo of Heidi Sporre - Heidi Sporre  - Lightwork Counseling, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Heidi Sporre - Lightwork Counseling
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55428
Hi, I’m Heidi! I understand that healing is not linear. Sometimes emotions rise over items that you once considered healed, and I’m here to help to move through them at your speed and help you to honor your journey. How you heal is deeply personal, and I’m looking forward to exploring this with you. You are your best healer; I’m here to guide and support you. In my personal time, I enjoy being outdoors, hiking, spending time with my animals, and exploring all that life has to offer.
Hi, I’m Heidi! I understand that healing is not linear. Sometimes emotions rise over items that you once considered healed, and I’m here to help to move through them at your speed and help you to honor your journey. How you heal is deeply personal, and I’m looking forward to exploring this with you. You are your best healer; I’m here to guide and support you. In my personal time, I enjoy being outdoors, hiking, spending time with my animals, and exploring all that life has to offer.
(952) 522-8144 View (952) 522-8144
Photo of Greg A Stern, PsyD, ABPP, Psychologist
Greg A Stern
Psychologist, PsyD, ABPP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55413
Greg A. Stern, PsyD, ABPP, specializes in working with families through tough life situations. He is one of a few hundred Board Certified Rehabilitation Psychologists. For the past 20 years he has specialized in working with patients and their families who have had or are working through a stroke, brain injury, amputation, spinal cord injury and/or other neurological conditions. He also works with families in business together. Most of his work is at United Hospital. He also sees a limited number of patients in his private practice where he sees people in-person or virtually.
Greg A. Stern, PsyD, ABPP, specializes in working with families through tough life situations. He is one of a few hundred Board Certified Rehabilitation Psychologists. For the past 20 years he has specialized in working with patients and their families who have had or are working through a stroke, brain injury, amputation, spinal cord injury and/or other neurological conditions. He also works with families in business together. Most of his work is at United Hospital. He also sees a limited number of patients in his private practice where he sees people in-person or virtually.
(612) 482-4366 View (612) 482-4366
Photo of Talia Jackson, PsyD, LP, Psychologist
Talia Jackson
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55405
My practice is geared towards adults and couples struggling with depression, anxiety, family or relationship problems. I also work with issues surrounding parenthood and reclaiming identity and creating balance. I specialize in both brief solution-focused therapy as well as longer-term insight oriented therapy for those working through a wide variety of problems related to moods, relationships, physical, emotional & life circumstances. I work with couples of all kinds, including Interfaith, Intercultural and Interracial Couples, facilitating productive communication around sensitive issues, as do my 2 Interns, Mary Z & Beth F
My practice is geared towards adults and couples struggling with depression, anxiety, family or relationship problems. I also work with issues surrounding parenthood and reclaiming identity and creating balance. I specialize in both brief solution-focused therapy as well as longer-term insight oriented therapy for those working through a wide variety of problems related to moods, relationships, physical, emotional & life circumstances. I work with couples of all kinds, including Interfaith, Intercultural and Interracial Couples, facilitating productive communication around sensitive issues, as do my 2 Interns, Mary Z & Beth F
(612) 217-2888 View (612) 217-2888
Photo of Chad Bolstrom, MA, LPCC, Counselor
Chad Bolstrom
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55408
Do you feel like you have limited choices and options in your life? Have you lost your balance? In my work, I have the privilege to help others explore the choices obscured to them that are often close at hand. Through a combination of talk and experiential approach we will work through multiple dimensions of mind-body to rediscover the well-being innate within you.
Do you feel like you have limited choices and options in your life? Have you lost your balance? In my work, I have the privilege to help others explore the choices obscured to them that are often close at hand. Through a combination of talk and experiential approach we will work through multiple dimensions of mind-body to rediscover the well-being innate within you.
(612) 223-7460 View (612) 223-7460
Photo of Dr. Dennis Hannon - Center for Psychological Growth and Resilience, PsyD, LP, Psychologist
Center for Psychological Growth and Resilience
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55410
Hello! We're Dr. Dennis, Dr. Theresa, Maddy, Matt, Ashley & Dr. Korey. We believe that while life is hard, every human being has the potential to surmount stress and strain. Whether you're experiencing burnout, depression, anxiety, chronic pain, trauma, relationships issues, professional issues, or other concerns, our goal is to help you find meaning, self-respect, growth, and resilience. We're passionate about helping you increase your ability to weather and recover from difficult moments in the future. We'll do this by leveraging your strengths and building your coping skills to help you manage stress and create the life you want.
Hello! We're Dr. Dennis, Dr. Theresa, Maddy, Matt, Ashley & Dr. Korey. We believe that while life is hard, every human being has the potential to surmount stress and strain. Whether you're experiencing burnout, depression, anxiety, chronic pain, trauma, relationships issues, professional issues, or other concerns, our goal is to help you find meaning, self-respect, growth, and resilience. We're passionate about helping you increase your ability to weather and recover from difficult moments in the future. We'll do this by leveraging your strengths and building your coping skills to help you manage stress and create the life you want.
(952) 222-8162 View (952) 222-8162
Photo of Colleen Dale, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Colleen Dale
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55419
I provide individual therapy to teens and adults who are experiencing a wide range of symptoms and symptom severity. I am particularly drawn to supporting issues related to parenting, relationships, attachment, identity concerns, and childhood trauma. I aim to support clients in deepening their connection with themselves and increasing self-trust and self-compassion. I work with clients on understanding and healing from difficult past experiences while also strengthening coping strategies for navigating daily stressors.
I provide individual therapy to teens and adults who are experiencing a wide range of symptoms and symptom severity. I am particularly drawn to supporting issues related to parenting, relationships, attachment, identity concerns, and childhood trauma. I aim to support clients in deepening their connection with themselves and increasing self-trust and self-compassion. I work with clients on understanding and healing from difficult past experiences while also strengthening coping strategies for navigating daily stressors.
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Photo of Amanda Sargent, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Amanda Sargent
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55402  (Online Only)
Schedule with Amanda on her website! Amanda is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Minnesota with a Master of Science in Mental Health Counseling from Viterbo University, graduating in 2019. She offers individual and family therapy for various age groups, specializing in stress management, anxiety, depression, ADHD, and trauma. With previous experience as a level 4 service intensity clinician, Amanda excels in addressing challenging emotions and disruptive behaviors in young children, providing essential support to their families.
Schedule with Amanda on her website! Amanda is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Minnesota with a Master of Science in Mental Health Counseling from Viterbo University, graduating in 2019. She offers individual and family therapy for various age groups, specializing in stress management, anxiety, depression, ADHD, and trauma. With previous experience as a level 4 service intensity clinician, Amanda excels in addressing challenging emotions and disruptive behaviors in young children, providing essential support to their families.
(612) 662-4254 View (612) 662-4254
Photo of Kelsey Sorensen, MA, LPCC
Kelsey Sorensen
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55403
I am passionate about supporting women as they navigate the perinatal period - pregnancy, birth and postpartum. This is a period of transformation, where we may experience changes emotionally, physically, interpersonally, and in identity. The experience surrounding pregnancy and birth, especially when one or both don’t go as planned, can increase feelings of distress, isolation, and overwhelm - adding challenge to an already intense life transition. We tend to have a lot of judgements about how we "should" feel during this time, and it can be quite upsetting when that doesn't match our experience.
I am passionate about supporting women as they navigate the perinatal period - pregnancy, birth and postpartum. This is a period of transformation, where we may experience changes emotionally, physically, interpersonally, and in identity. The experience surrounding pregnancy and birth, especially when one or both don’t go as planned, can increase feelings of distress, isolation, and overwhelm - adding challenge to an already intense life transition. We tend to have a lot of judgements about how we "should" feel during this time, and it can be quite upsetting when that doesn't match our experience.
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Photo of Cody Oaks, MA, LPCC, Counselor
Cody Oaks
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55413
Self-exploration with a compassionate, curiously-engaged presence is a powerful experience which results in deep, lasting change. Often times, our experience of the world and ourselves can feel vaguely yet urgently unsatisfying. Sometimes we unconsciously live in a reality which no longer feels like it "fits", but we know therapy is about opening up to see yourself and the world in a new, more boundless way. Confusion is a great step towards new growth, and we can work together to help you experience life more fully. (For efficient scheduling purposes, please email rather than call)
Self-exploration with a compassionate, curiously-engaged presence is a powerful experience which results in deep, lasting change. Often times, our experience of the world and ourselves can feel vaguely yet urgently unsatisfying. Sometimes we unconsciously live in a reality which no longer feels like it "fits", but we know therapy is about opening up to see yourself and the world in a new, more boundless way. Confusion is a great step towards new growth, and we can work together to help you experience life more fully. (For efficient scheduling purposes, please email rather than call)
(612) 324-0805 View (612) 324-0805
Photo of Kalyn McConnell, Pre-Licensed Professional
Kalyn McConnell
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55406
Hello! My name is Kalyn! I am a first-generation college student. I am aiming to remove barriers about mental health within the African American community. What brought me into Social Work was personal experiences and actually making a difference within my community. I had to overcome many obstacles and struggles in order to support my family.
Hello! My name is Kalyn! I am a first-generation college student. I am aiming to remove barriers about mental health within the African American community. What brought me into Social Work was personal experiences and actually making a difference within my community. I had to overcome many obstacles and struggles in order to support my family.
(651) 333-4072 View (651) 333-4072
Photo of Lul Abdirahman Haji-Mohamed - Bridging The Gap Behavioral Health PLLC, LICSW, CCTP-II, CCATP, C-DBT, CIATC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Bridging The Gap Behavioral Health PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, CCTP-II, CCATP, C-DBT, CIATC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55408  (Online Only)
My Name is Lul Haji-Mohamed. I have 13+ years of experience in the behavioral Health field. My philosophy is to meet people where they are at and work in partnership. I recognizes that an open and honest relationship between client and therapist can produce a positive effect in the therapeutic process and the level of acceptance demonstrated. I strives to reduce anxiety in order to increase engagement and connection, create a safe environment for discussion, and impart knowledge and facts about the various options and their implications. I enjoy to see people reach their full potential and thrive.
My Name is Lul Haji-Mohamed. I have 13+ years of experience in the behavioral Health field. My philosophy is to meet people where they are at and work in partnership. I recognizes that an open and honest relationship between client and therapist can produce a positive effect in the therapeutic process and the level of acceptance demonstrated. I strives to reduce anxiety in order to increase engagement and connection, create a safe environment for discussion, and impart knowledge and facts about the various options and their implications. I enjoy to see people reach their full potential and thrive.
(612) 248-1852 View (612) 248-1852
Photo of Daniel A. Christensen, PsyD, LP, Psychologist
Daniel A. Christensen
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55408
Unseen and Unknown. The pain of not being seen or known can be debilitating and confusing. The experience of being seen within the therapeutic relationship is a central part of change in therapy. I assist people in learning to see themselves in a more grounded way, to learn and practice skills for manifesting core values, and to work out of the traps created by the ruptures and traumas inhibiting the experience of being integrated. I work with developmental/family of origin issues including trauma (physical, sexual, and emotional), neglect, and chemical use issues. My case load consists of individuals, couples, and families.
Unseen and Unknown. The pain of not being seen or known can be debilitating and confusing. The experience of being seen within the therapeutic relationship is a central part of change in therapy. I assist people in learning to see themselves in a more grounded way, to learn and practice skills for manifesting core values, and to work out of the traps created by the ruptures and traumas inhibiting the experience of being integrated. I work with developmental/family of origin issues including trauma (physical, sexual, and emotional), neglect, and chemical use issues. My case load consists of individuals, couples, and families.
(612) 354-8008 View (612) 354-8008
Photo of Eric Bender, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Eric Bender
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55439
Eric brings a compassionate, collaborative, and fun approach to working with children, adolescents, young adults, and families. He strives to create a safe environment for clients to share their stories and learn more about themselves and their world. Eric encourages growth by providing tools to better understand emotions and the way they influence our daily lives. Eric completed his Master's degree in marriage and family therapy from the University of Wisconsin–Stout. He has experience providing individual, family, and group therapy in adolescent day treatment, outpatient, and in­ home settings.
Eric brings a compassionate, collaborative, and fun approach to working with children, adolescents, young adults, and families. He strives to create a safe environment for clients to share their stories and learn more about themselves and their world. Eric encourages growth by providing tools to better understand emotions and the way they influence our daily lives. Eric completed his Master's degree in marriage and family therapy from the University of Wisconsin–Stout. He has experience providing individual, family, and group therapy in adolescent day treatment, outpatient, and in­ home settings.
(952) 260-2983 View (952) 260-2983
Janice Linden Kalin
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55416
All counseling I do is related to work and career issues. You may be thinking about a different career, trying to figure out a major in college, considering re-entering the job market after an absence, questioning what's next after graduating, or are unhappy with your current work situation. We explore characteristics such as values, interests, and motivators through counseling sessions, assessments and exercises. It's a very active process with the goal of discovering what best suits you, keeping in mind the realities of the job market and individual needs.
All counseling I do is related to work and career issues. You may be thinking about a different career, trying to figure out a major in college, considering re-entering the job market after an absence, questioning what's next after graduating, or are unhappy with your current work situation. We explore characteristics such as values, interests, and motivators through counseling sessions, assessments and exercises. It's a very active process with the goal of discovering what best suits you, keeping in mind the realities of the job market and individual needs.
(612) 223-7657 View (612) 223-7657
Photo of Marlee James - Reviving Roots Therapy & Wellness, MA, LPCC, Counselor
Reviving Roots Therapy & Wellness
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55403
Our ideal client seeks a holistic approach to healing, navigating trauma, stress, and societal pressures. They desire wellness practices that honor their cultural identity, aiming for peace, resilience, and self-discovery. At Reviving Roots, they find a community and strategies rooted in a deep understanding of the Black experience, seeking to thrive mentally, physically, and spiritually.
Our ideal client seeks a holistic approach to healing, navigating trauma, stress, and societal pressures. They desire wellness practices that honor their cultural identity, aiming for peace, resilience, and self-discovery. At Reviving Roots, they find a community and strategies rooted in a deep understanding of the Black experience, seeking to thrive mentally, physically, and spiritually.
(612) 712-9135 View (612) 712-9135
Photo of Amy Griffis, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Amy Griffis
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55408  (Online Only)
Are you an older teen or adult ages 17-65 years old? And have you been experiencing anxiety, depression, trauma, gender identity exploration/issues, body image issues, or other issues and wish you could work collaboratively with someone who is compassionate and supportive to help you achieve your goals? Change and relief are possible and you don't have to do it alone.
Are you an older teen or adult ages 17-65 years old? And have you been experiencing anxiety, depression, trauma, gender identity exploration/issues, body image issues, or other issues and wish you could work collaboratively with someone who is compassionate and supportive to help you achieve your goals? Change and relief are possible and you don't have to do it alone.
(612) 482-7601 View (612) 482-7601
Photo of Stacy Ellman, LPC, NCC, MS, Counselor
Stacy Ellman
Counselor, LPC, NCC, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55439  (Online Only)
Often a question asked prior to counseling is, am I thriving or simply surviving? Individuals question their life path and need help to figure out where to start exploring. We work together to identify strengths, areas of growth, and both are used to help cultivate a fulfilling life experience. Clients may feel there is a mismatch between their head and hearts so we also work to connect them which in-turn causes less uncertainty and confusion in life choices.
Often a question asked prior to counseling is, am I thriving or simply surviving? Individuals question their life path and need help to figure out where to start exploring. We work together to identify strengths, areas of growth, and both are used to help cultivate a fulfilling life experience. Clients may feel there is a mismatch between their head and hearts so we also work to connect them which in-turn causes less uncertainty and confusion in life choices.
(952) 900-4201 View (952) 900-4201
Photo of Elaine J Moore, MA, LP, Psychologist
Elaine J Moore
Psychologist, MA, LP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55403
Not accepting new clients
As a licensed psychologist I have over 25 years working with couples, families, children, adolescents and individuals. I specialize in anxiety disorders, depression and trauma. I furthermore have extensive experience working with chronic illnesses including MS, Lupus, Chronic Fatigue, Fibromyalgia, COPD, diabetes and Lyme disease. I love working with couples, with complex issues. I value working with DEI concerns for BIPOC people. My work is client centered with a focus on the client's strengths and competencies in the world. My approach is creative and intuitive, with a strong foundation in scientific theory.
As a licensed psychologist I have over 25 years working with couples, families, children, adolescents and individuals. I specialize in anxiety disorders, depression and trauma. I furthermore have extensive experience working with chronic illnesses including MS, Lupus, Chronic Fatigue, Fibromyalgia, COPD, diabetes and Lyme disease. I love working with couples, with complex issues. I value working with DEI concerns for BIPOC people. My work is client centered with a focus on the client's strengths and competencies in the world. My approach is creative and intuitive, with a strong foundation in scientific theory.
(612) 294-8370 View (612) 294-8370
Photo of Leila Comer, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Leila Comer
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55419  (Online Only)
Hey! Relationships are everything to me and lucky for you I do not play around when it comes to them! People call me "Mama Leila" because of my protectiveness and care. In therapy this translates to: protecting the health and safety of YOU and your relationships, caring and holding hope when you might not be able to and modeling what a healthy relationship can and should look like! We'll discuss: boundaries, self-love, communication, needs, identity, culture and power.
Hey! Relationships are everything to me and lucky for you I do not play around when it comes to them! People call me "Mama Leila" because of my protectiveness and care. In therapy this translates to: protecting the health and safety of YOU and your relationships, caring and holding hope when you might not be able to and modeling what a healthy relationship can and should look like! We'll discuss: boundaries, self-love, communication, needs, identity, culture and power.
(612) 400-8373 View (612) 400-8373
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Minneapolis, MN

2,000+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Minneapolis, MN who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
74% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% BlueCross and BlueShield
69% Aetna
69% UCare

How Therapists in Minneapolis, MN see their clients

73% In Person and Online
27% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
21% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Minneapolis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.