Therapists in Columbus, OH

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Photo of Katrina Spohn, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Katrina Spohn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43235  (Online Only)
Hello, I am grateful for your time in reading this. My name is Katrina Spohn and I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker (with supervision designation) in Ohio. I come to you with 10 years of experience in direct clinical work. I have worked in a variety of settings (community, home, office-based), but was enthralled with the emergence of telehealth service delivery.
Hello, I am grateful for your time in reading this. My name is Katrina Spohn and I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker (with supervision designation) in Ohio. I come to you with 10 years of experience in direct clinical work. I have worked in a variety of settings (community, home, office-based), but was enthralled with the emergence of telehealth service delivery.
(380) 206-2059 View (380) 206-2059
Photo of Krista Predragovich, PhD, LPCC-S
Krista Predragovich
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, PhD, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43214
Wherever you are in life, perhaps encountering a significant change or transition, managing a longstanding or recurring mental health condition, or hoping to shine your own light a little brighter, it would be my pleasure to walk with you on this part of your journey. As a Gestalt trained counselor, I support the individuals I work with to become aware of what they are doing, how they are doing it, and how to make space for change. This collaborative, holistic approach emphasizes self-acceptance and promotes awareness of the ways that unexamined thoughts, emotions, and behaviors can impede growth.
Wherever you are in life, perhaps encountering a significant change or transition, managing a longstanding or recurring mental health condition, or hoping to shine your own light a little brighter, it would be my pleasure to walk with you on this part of your journey. As a Gestalt trained counselor, I support the individuals I work with to become aware of what they are doing, how they are doing it, and how to make space for change. This collaborative, holistic approach emphasizes self-acceptance and promotes awareness of the ways that unexamined thoughts, emotions, and behaviors can impede growth.
(614) 683-4703 View (614) 683-4703
Photo of Olivia Scirocco, MSW, LSW
Olivia Scirocco
Licensed Social Worker, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43215
Olivia Scirocco (she/her) is a Licensed Social Worker. She graduated from The Ohio State University with an undergraduate degree in psychology and a master’s degree in social work. Olivia has experience working with children, adolescents, and young adults in outpatient, inpatient, and community-based settings.
Olivia Scirocco (she/her) is a Licensed Social Worker. She graduated from The Ohio State University with an undergraduate degree in psychology and a master’s degree in social work. Olivia has experience working with children, adolescents, and young adults in outpatient, inpatient, and community-based settings.
(614) 412-1002 View (614) 412-1002
Photo of Lindsey Courtice, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lindsey Courtice
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43212
Lindsey Courtice is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Ohio who has been practicing since 2022. She received her BA from The Ohio State University and her M.Ed. from DePaul University. Lindsey's specialties include working with teens and young adults seeking services for OCD, anxiety, life transition, and relationship stressors. Lindsey's approach to therapy will help you find what is already within you to improve symptoms and find motivation for change. She believes it is necessary to take multiple layers of wellness into account when creating your unique treatment plan.
Lindsey Courtice is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Ohio who has been practicing since 2022. She received her BA from The Ohio State University and her M.Ed. from DePaul University. Lindsey's specialties include working with teens and young adults seeking services for OCD, anxiety, life transition, and relationship stressors. Lindsey's approach to therapy will help you find what is already within you to improve symptoms and find motivation for change. She believes it is necessary to take multiple layers of wellness into account when creating your unique treatment plan.
(614) 908-2653 View (614) 908-2653
Photo of Focused Mind Adhd Counseling, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Focused Mind Adhd Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43235
I specialize in ADHD testing and treatment of Adult ADHD. If you’re like many adults with ADHD, you might identify as an overthinker with a quick mind and strong feelings. And it seems like no matter how hard you try, you feel like people think you’re “scattered,” “too sensitive,” or even a little…“lost.” It feels like everyone else has it all figured out, and you’re left behind––beating yourself up for every little thing you do. You just want to live life without “analysis paralysis,” get organized, recover faster from emotional tailspins, and tackle your inner critic...for good.
I specialize in ADHD testing and treatment of Adult ADHD. If you’re like many adults with ADHD, you might identify as an overthinker with a quick mind and strong feelings. And it seems like no matter how hard you try, you feel like people think you’re “scattered,” “too sensitive,” or even a little…“lost.” It feels like everyone else has it all figured out, and you’re left behind––beating yourself up for every little thing you do. You just want to live life without “analysis paralysis,” get organized, recover faster from emotional tailspins, and tackle your inner critic...for good.
(380) 207-1469 View (380) 207-1469
Photo of Lakisha Greene, LSW
Lakisha Greene
Licensed Social Worker, LSW
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43215
Contact me if you are ready for growth and committed to living a healthier and happier life.
Contact me if you are ready for growth and committed to living a healthier and happier life.
(380) 201-9104 View (380) 201-9104
Photo of Meghan Campana, MSEd, LPCC, Counselor
Meghan Campana
Counselor, MSEd, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43235
I believe we all have the ability to change. Whether your an individual, couple, or family you deserve to live your best life. Through an open and trusting relationship we will work together to provide you the necessary skills to enhance your personal growth and overall well being. I focus on building strong therapeutic relationships aligned with your personal goals and individual strengths.
I believe we all have the ability to change. Whether your an individual, couple, or family you deserve to live your best life. Through an open and trusting relationship we will work together to provide you the necessary skills to enhance your personal growth and overall well being. I focus on building strong therapeutic relationships aligned with your personal goals and individual strengths.
(614) 918-4163 View (614) 918-4163
Photo of Sabrina Veronica Hanson
Sabrina Veronica Hanson
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43230  (Online Only)
I am a licensed mental health counselor in TX and OH. I specialize in anxiety, trauma, relationship issues, and addiction. I obtained my Bachelor's Degree in Science in Social Work from Florida State University and my Master's Degree of Arts in Mental Health Counseling from Franciscan University of Steubenville, OH. I have been practicing since 2016. I am trained in Internal Family Systems Therapy (IFS), Eye Movement and Desensitization & Reprocessing (EMDR), Instinctual Trauma Response Model (ITR), and a slew of other treatment approaches.
I am a licensed mental health counselor in TX and OH. I specialize in anxiety, trauma, relationship issues, and addiction. I obtained my Bachelor's Degree in Science in Social Work from Florida State University and my Master's Degree of Arts in Mental Health Counseling from Franciscan University of Steubenville, OH. I have been practicing since 2016. I am trained in Internal Family Systems Therapy (IFS), Eye Movement and Desensitization & Reprocessing (EMDR), Instinctual Trauma Response Model (ITR), and a slew of other treatment approaches.
(380) 230-4593 View (380) 230-4593
Photo of Eric L Sullivan, PhD, Psychologist
Eric L Sullivan
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43206
VISIT: www.smartertherapy.me - Are you motivated to overcome depression or anxiety? Improve your romantic partnership or marriage? Many studies show that therapy is effective for most people, most of the time when therapists use research supported techniques. I exclusively use research based techniques that have helped many people. Not all therapists use them because it requires effort and money. Quality matters so I put in the work for you. There is hope for feeling better! An old proverb says that a journey of 1,000 miles starts with a single step. Take the first step to feeling better by calling or emailing today!
VISIT: www.smartertherapy.me - Are you motivated to overcome depression or anxiety? Improve your romantic partnership or marriage? Many studies show that therapy is effective for most people, most of the time when therapists use research supported techniques. I exclusively use research based techniques that have helped many people. Not all therapists use them because it requires effort and money. Quality matters so I put in the work for you. There is hope for feeling better! An old proverb says that a journey of 1,000 miles starts with a single step. Take the first step to feeling better by calling or emailing today!
(740) 279-1697 View (740) 279-1697
Photo of Stephen Brown, LCPC
Stephen Brown
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43235
My name is Stephen Brown, and I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor based in Northeast Ohio and seeing clients throughout the state via telehealth. I work with adolescents and adults specializing in stress, depression, anxiety, and trauma. I primarily use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help my clients find positive solutions to start feeling better. I have found that my approach is effective for teens and adults struggling with the challenges and stressors of life, which take the forms of depression, anxiety, stress, and trauma.
My name is Stephen Brown, and I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor based in Northeast Ohio and seeing clients throughout the state via telehealth. I work with adolescents and adults specializing in stress, depression, anxiety, and trauma. I primarily use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help my clients find positive solutions to start feeling better. I have found that my approach is effective for teens and adults struggling with the challenges and stressors of life, which take the forms of depression, anxiety, stress, and trauma.
(216) 859-4703 View (216) 859-4703
Photo of Heather Gonzales - Encomopass Adoptees, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Encomopass Adoptees
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43204
At Encompass Adoptees we specialize in serving families with unique needs related to adoption/foster/kinship care and/or donor conceived hardships, working with those navigating trauma, grief, adverse childhood experiences, attachment injury, and loss/separation from a parent due to death, divorce, or deportation. We take a person-centered and strengths based approach with a trauma and attachment focus. Therapists have personal experience as and adoptee/foster/kinshipped, and/or donor conceived person, and We work along side the client/family to start where you are, and create a plan unique to your specific needs.
At Encompass Adoptees we specialize in serving families with unique needs related to adoption/foster/kinship care and/or donor conceived hardships, working with those navigating trauma, grief, adverse childhood experiences, attachment injury, and loss/separation from a parent due to death, divorce, or deportation. We take a person-centered and strengths based approach with a trauma and attachment focus. Therapists have personal experience as and adoptee/foster/kinshipped, and/or donor conceived person, and We work along side the client/family to start where you are, and create a plan unique to your specific needs.
(614) 721-4578 View (614) 721-4578
Photo of Brielle Hudson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brielle Hudson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43214  (Online Only)
Are you struggling with a transition in your life? Maybe you are navigating multiple life changes and are struggling to find your equilibrium and voice in the chaos of life? You may be left feeling overwhelmed, alone, invisible and powerless from the demands and pressure of simply existing. If this resonates with you, I would love to join you on your journey towards healing!
Are you struggling with a transition in your life? Maybe you are navigating multiple life changes and are struggling to find your equilibrium and voice in the chaos of life? You may be left feeling overwhelmed, alone, invisible and powerless from the demands and pressure of simply existing. If this resonates with you, I would love to join you on your journey towards healing!
(614) 963-3192 View (614) 963-3192
Photo of Anna Dykeman, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Anna Dykeman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43215  (Online Only)
You know this sudden rush of emotions, when your heart is racing with memories of a time long gone but not forgotten? Maybe your palms are getting damp, and you feel your throat tightening - almost choking - as you remember painful memories of either childhood abuse, a painful breakup, or other shadows of the past – it's like being caught in a storm of past pain with a ton of emotions. Life is rough and now more than ever people are feeling anxious, overwhelmed, and uncertain about how they should manage their relationships, careers, and lives — however, you don’t have to walk through this on your own!
You know this sudden rush of emotions, when your heart is racing with memories of a time long gone but not forgotten? Maybe your palms are getting damp, and you feel your throat tightening - almost choking - as you remember painful memories of either childhood abuse, a painful breakup, or other shadows of the past – it's like being caught in a storm of past pain with a ton of emotions. Life is rough and now more than ever people are feeling anxious, overwhelmed, and uncertain about how they should manage their relationships, careers, and lives — however, you don’t have to walk through this on your own!
(380) 207-1133 View (380) 207-1133
Photo of Jule Lane, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jule Lane
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43211  (Online Only)
Are you overwhelmed with the stress of life? Do you grapple with loneliness? When you hear the word happy does this seem foreign to you? Do you feel there should be more in your life, but you can’t figure out what that more is? If any of this resonates with you reach out to me. I’m on a mission to help you fit the pieces of the puzzle of your life together. I work like a detective listening effectively to every detail of the story of you; to understand how your emotions, thoughts, body, and spirituality work together.
Are you overwhelmed with the stress of life? Do you grapple with loneliness? When you hear the word happy does this seem foreign to you? Do you feel there should be more in your life, but you can’t figure out what that more is? If any of this resonates with you reach out to me. I’m on a mission to help you fit the pieces of the puzzle of your life together. I work like a detective listening effectively to every detail of the story of you; to understand how your emotions, thoughts, body, and spirituality work together.
(970) 464-8510 View (970) 464-8510
Photo of Danielle van Arsdale, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Danielle van Arsdale
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43212
I believe that therapy is a journey, and that everyone's distance and path is different. I provide evidence based practices with coping skills to use in everyday life and provide a space for clients to be their authentic selves in treatment. I have a Master's Degree in Social Work, and have been working as a therapist the past two years following graduation. I have extensive knowledge in Eating and Mood Disorders with adolescents through adulthood. I enjoy bringing a systems perspective to the sessions well as using other modalities like CBT-E and Motivational Interviewing. I offer services to people of all ages as well as families.
I believe that therapy is a journey, and that everyone's distance and path is different. I provide evidence based practices with coping skills to use in everyday life and provide a space for clients to be their authentic selves in treatment. I have a Master's Degree in Social Work, and have been working as a therapist the past two years following graduation. I have extensive knowledge in Eating and Mood Disorders with adolescents through adulthood. I enjoy bringing a systems perspective to the sessions well as using other modalities like CBT-E and Motivational Interviewing. I offer services to people of all ages as well as families.
(380) 221-7745 View (380) 221-7745
Photo of Macey Hawout, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Macey Hawout
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43221
Are you a young adult woman experiencing anxiety, depression, relationship issues, self-esteem issues, and even trauma? Self-discovery and creating/finding identity are goals I work best with. In my most recent job, I have found that domestic violence survivors and women who experience issues specific to being a woman have piqued my interest. As a therapist, the most rewarding thing is to guide women toward embracing themselves for who they are, heal past wounds, and empower them to live fully and authentically. I believe I have been given a purpose in this world to serve others, and that's what I was created to do.
Are you a young adult woman experiencing anxiety, depression, relationship issues, self-esteem issues, and even trauma? Self-discovery and creating/finding identity are goals I work best with. In my most recent job, I have found that domestic violence survivors and women who experience issues specific to being a woman have piqued my interest. As a therapist, the most rewarding thing is to guide women toward embracing themselves for who they are, heal past wounds, and empower them to live fully and authentically. I believe I have been given a purpose in this world to serve others, and that's what I was created to do.
(614) 585-8948 View (614) 585-8948
Photo of Rebekah Fink, LPCC-S, Counselor
Rebekah Fink
Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43220
Are you suffering from trauma & finding it holding you back from living your true, authentic life? From my experience, I can see how challenging a Borderline Personality Disorder diagnosis can be on a person, & working with someone open to learning new skills to manage it better can be very rewarding! I enjoy working with people who are suffering from anxiety or depressive disorder as I have seen the progress my clients have made in those areas & I love to watch them start to live a more satisfying life. I am here to assist with any life transitions, relationship issues, grief, or OCD/phobias that are preventing you from your goals.
Are you suffering from trauma & finding it holding you back from living your true, authentic life? From my experience, I can see how challenging a Borderline Personality Disorder diagnosis can be on a person, & working with someone open to learning new skills to manage it better can be very rewarding! I enjoy working with people who are suffering from anxiety or depressive disorder as I have seen the progress my clients have made in those areas & I love to watch them start to live a more satisfying life. I am here to assist with any life transitions, relationship issues, grief, or OCD/phobias that are preventing you from your goals.
(380) 220-7088 View (380) 220-7088
Photo of Casey Stockett, Pre-Licensed Professional
Casey Stockett
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43214  (Online Only)
Offering coaching services. No longer put your life on hold due to your negative thinking. I can help you overcome your challenges and help you develop support and skills. Need help with your relationships, Autism/Asperger's, education, and career challenges? What if you can gain the confidence of knowing you can improve your future? Or develop better social interactions with others so you can have long-lasting relationships? Or have the skills to be able to connect with your significant other so they can understand where both of you are coming from? With my years of experience in coaching people, I can help you!
Offering coaching services. No longer put your life on hold due to your negative thinking. I can help you overcome your challenges and help you develop support and skills. Need help with your relationships, Autism/Asperger's, education, and career challenges? What if you can gain the confidence of knowing you can improve your future? Or develop better social interactions with others so you can have long-lasting relationships? Or have the skills to be able to connect with your significant other so they can understand where both of you are coming from? With my years of experience in coaching people, I can help you!
(234) 218-4503 View (234) 218-4503
Photo of Michelle V Corley, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michelle V Corley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43220  (Online Only)
You are a woman who has been devastated by grief over pregnancy loss, infertility, or postpartum depression or anxiety. You desperately want to find someone to talk to about how alone and sad you feel. You feel heartbroken, ashamed, and angry lately. Your world has stopped while everyone else seems to be moving on without you. You find yourself having the same fights with your partner over and over again. Society glamorizes pregnancy and motherhood which can make you feel even more alone and misunderstood. If you see one more pregnancy announcement or social media post about the happiness of motherhood, you might lose it!
You are a woman who has been devastated by grief over pregnancy loss, infertility, or postpartum depression or anxiety. You desperately want to find someone to talk to about how alone and sad you feel. You feel heartbroken, ashamed, and angry lately. Your world has stopped while everyone else seems to be moving on without you. You find yourself having the same fights with your partner over and over again. Society glamorizes pregnancy and motherhood which can make you feel even more alone and misunderstood. If you see one more pregnancy announcement or social media post about the happiness of motherhood, you might lose it!
(614) 953-6411 View (614) 953-6411
Photo of Abigail Branco, MSW, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Abigail Branco
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43235  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! If you are looking for an empathetic, warm environment that invites you to be your authentic self without shame and emphasizes your strengths, this is the place for you. If you are dealing with anxiety, depression, or life circumstances that are overwhelming you, you've come to the right therapist. I am currently working with adults only. I am here to meet you where you are, and I believe that therapy is a collaborative experience. I work closely with clients to establish treatment plans that meet their unique needs and I LOVE when we can incorporate your interests in sessions (drawing, music, yoga, etc.).
Welcome! If you are looking for an empathetic, warm environment that invites you to be your authentic self without shame and emphasizes your strengths, this is the place for you. If you are dealing with anxiety, depression, or life circumstances that are overwhelming you, you've come to the right therapist. I am currently working with adults only. I am here to meet you where you are, and I believe that therapy is a collaborative experience. I work closely with clients to establish treatment plans that meet their unique needs and I LOVE when we can incorporate your interests in sessions (drawing, music, yoga, etc.).
(614) 805-7430 View (614) 805-7430
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Columbus, OH

1,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Columbus, OH who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
72% Trauma and PTSD
67% Self Esteem
64% Relationship Issues
64% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

86% Aetna
75% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
71% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Columbus, OH see their clients

58% In Person and Online
42% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Columbus?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.