Chronic Pain Therapists in Stoughton, MA
![Photo of Elinor Louis, PhD, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4b8cadea-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/1/320x400.jpeg)
My specialties are women’s issues, coping with chronic illness and life transitions, depression and other mood disorders, anxiety, relationship issues, loss and grief, and trauma.
We all experience stress, loss, and other challenges at some point in our lives. When we recognize that we are unhappy with how things are going, we can chose to ignore the problem or do something about it. If we are ready to take action to improve our situation, then seeking psychotherapy can be empowering. It can help us feel validated and regain a sense of control over our lives. As a psychologist for over 30 years, I provide a safe, non-judgmental, supportive environment in which to identify and explore these concerns, develop coping skills, and establish goals to bring about positive change.
My specialties are women’s issues, coping with chronic illness and life transitions, depression and other mood disorders, anxiety, relationship issues, loss and grief, and trauma.
We all experience stress, loss, and other challenges at some point in our lives. When we recognize that we are unhappy with how things are going, we can chose to ignore the problem or do something about it. If we are ready to take action to improve our situation, then seeking psychotherapy can be empowering. It can help us feel validated and regain a sense of control over our lives. As a psychologist for over 30 years, I provide a safe, non-judgmental, supportive environment in which to identify and explore these concerns, develop coping skills, and establish goals to bring about positive change.
![Photo of Laura Medrano, LMHC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/308cd7ac-422c-4dad-9d0c-c7a8fef31d46/2/320x400.jpeg)
Every one of us has endured pain in our lives. Those events can affect our sense of inner security and the ability to mobilize our strengths. Whatever your history may be, transforming the way your mind, body and soul remember the pain, will put you on the path of more freedom to be your preferred self, and experience your relationships and your life to the fullest. Therapy could be that safe space where you can envision a desired life and future for yourself, breathe new hope and possibilities, and develop effective coping strategies that can be carried out outside our sessions.
Every one of us has endured pain in our lives. Those events can affect our sense of inner security and the ability to mobilize our strengths. Whatever your history may be, transforming the way your mind, body and soul remember the pain, will put you on the path of more freedom to be your preferred self, and experience your relationships and your life to the fullest. Therapy could be that safe space where you can envision a desired life and future for yourself, breathe new hope and possibilities, and develop effective coping strategies that can be carried out outside our sessions.
![Photo of Maryellen Newman - A New Approach, LMHC, BCBA, LABA, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/28238a32-d5e8-4449-994c-ab57c024580f/2/320x400.jpeg)
We have therapists that specialize in grief, anxiety, depression, chronic pain, family systems, life transitions, parenting.
What if each member of your home could find happiness? Lower stress? Improve behavior? Communicate more effectively? Stop walking on eggshells? Manage their emotions? What if life became a little easier or more bearable, or even enjoyable?! What if the tension was lower? We work with children, adults and family units to learn what those unhelpful thinking patterns are and how to change them; how to move away from isolation; change behavior so there are more positive outcomes; take back control of their emotions and their lives; connect more deeply.
We have therapists that specialize in grief, anxiety, depression, chronic pain, family systems, life transitions, parenting.
What if each member of your home could find happiness? Lower stress? Improve behavior? Communicate more effectively? Stop walking on eggshells? Manage their emotions? What if life became a little easier or more bearable, or even enjoyable?! What if the tension was lower? We work with children, adults and family units to learn what those unhelpful thinking patterns are and how to change them; how to move away from isolation; change behavior so there are more positive outcomes; take back control of their emotions and their lives; connect more deeply.
![Photo of Carmel T Drewes, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/58c035f0-2a5a-4ffa-9976-1366dce19b31/2/320x400.jpeg)
Carmel T Drewes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Stoughton, MA 02072
Waitlist for new clients
I am trained in EMDR, which can be used as an intervention for trauma healing, chronic pain, addiction recovery, and other issues.
I work with many types of clients, addressing many life issues, but my specialization is working with people who have been targets of physical or emotional harm due to who they are or who they are perceived to be. This includes people targeted on the basis of race, ethnicity, or heritage; gender, sexuality, or gender expression; religious or faith beliefs/practices; or other aspects of identity. Most clients I work with have post-trauma, anxiety, and/or depression symptoms. I believe in the importance of helping clients explore the root causes of their symptoms, while also finding interventions to address those symptoms.
I am trained in EMDR, which can be used as an intervention for trauma healing, chronic pain, addiction recovery, and other issues.
I work with many types of clients, addressing many life issues, but my specialization is working with people who have been targets of physical or emotional harm due to who they are or who they are perceived to be. This includes people targeted on the basis of race, ethnicity, or heritage; gender, sexuality, or gender expression; religious or faith beliefs/practices; or other aspects of identity. Most clients I work with have post-trauma, anxiety, and/or depression symptoms. I believe in the importance of helping clients explore the root causes of their symptoms, while also finding interventions to address those symptoms.
![Photo of Sylvia M Silva - Sylvia M Silva,LMHC-Psychotherapy Services, MEd, LMHC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3c2eee80-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
Sylvia M Silva,LMHC-Psychotherapy Services
Counselor, MEd, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Stoughton, MA 02072
May is more than just the gateway to summer; it's a month dedicated to shining a spotlight on one of the most critical yet often overlooked aspects of our well-being: mental health. Mental Health Awareness Month serves as a reminder that mental health is a fundamental part of overall health and well-being. Just as we prioritize physical health through exercise, nutrition, and regular check-ups, we must also prioritize mental health through self-care, stress management, and seeking professional help when needed.
May is more than just the gateway to summer; it's a month dedicated to shining a spotlight on one of the most critical yet often overlooked aspects of our well-being: mental health. Mental Health Awareness Month serves as a reminder that mental health is a fundamental part of overall health and well-being. Just as we prioritize physical health through exercise, nutrition, and regular check-ups, we must also prioritize mental health through self-care, stress management, and seeking professional help when needed.
![Photo of Molly Maguire, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/fb3e0644-d640-4547-b560-3e553cd85aed/1/320x400.jpeg)
Molly Maguire
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Stoughton, MA 02072 (Online Only)
I am a master’s-level clinician in Massachusetts with experience helping young adults and adults from diverse backgrounds. Therapy is not one-size-fits-all, which is why I take my time getting to know you without judgment. I specialize in working with clients who have experienced trauma, anxiety, depression and stress in addition those who might be struggling with self-esteem and life transitions. I have extensive experience working with members of the LGBTQIA+, polyamorous, and kink communities.
I am a master’s-level clinician in Massachusetts with experience helping young adults and adults from diverse backgrounds. Therapy is not one-size-fits-all, which is why I take my time getting to know you without judgment. I specialize in working with clients who have experienced trauma, anxiety, depression and stress in addition those who might be struggling with self-esteem and life transitions. I have extensive experience working with members of the LGBTQIA+, polyamorous, and kink communities.
![Photo of Marie R LaMarre - Soleil Counseling and Wellness Center, LMHC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ce79cc87-9cb5-48c8-ab6f-9be05597f04a/1/320x400.jpeg)
We are here to fully support people who are struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, ADHD/ADD, life stressors, and other various types of mental illnesses.
Sometimes in life we can feel lost and unsure of where to go for help, or who to trust. I firmly believe that everyone has the ability to heal; all that’s needed is a helping hand to guide you through those first steps. I am so happy and proud to provide a safe place to encourage people to open up and feel at peace.
We are here to fully support people who are struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, ADHD/ADD, life stressors, and other various types of mental illnesses.
Sometimes in life we can feel lost and unsure of where to go for help, or who to trust. I firmly believe that everyone has the ability to heal; all that’s needed is a helping hand to guide you through those first steps. I am so happy and proud to provide a safe place to encourage people to open up and feel at peace.
![Photo of Maria Neves, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f8e6a81f-7a9d-43ef-8e60-4404f8b7b9de/2/320x400.jpeg)
Emotions are complex entities, fed by our experiences, beliefs, and relationships they can be both difficult to express and understand. For individuals who feel overwhelmed by their emotions compounded by the every-day stressors that life can bring, therapy provides a pathway to enhanced wellbeing. Tackling the misconceptions and stigmas that therapy is a privilege for a select few, my goal is to help put the power of self-awareness into the hands of all individuals through a mental health plan of action with a modern nuance that feels relevant to the realities of today.
Emotions are complex entities, fed by our experiences, beliefs, and relationships they can be both difficult to express and understand. For individuals who feel overwhelmed by their emotions compounded by the every-day stressors that life can bring, therapy provides a pathway to enhanced wellbeing. Tackling the misconceptions and stigmas that therapy is a privilege for a select few, my goal is to help put the power of self-awareness into the hands of all individuals through a mental health plan of action with a modern nuance that feels relevant to the realities of today.
![Photo of Brandy T Allen, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/142986cf-9cef-4e6a-a146-3cbe5ddd42d8/3/320x400.jpeg)
Hello, I am Brandy Allen, LICSW, a dynamic psychotherapist with several years of experience working in healthcare and community settings. I earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Human Development and Psychology from Howard University and a Master’s of Clinical Social Work degree from Boston University. I am currently pursuing a Doctorate in Social Work from Simmons University. Through clinical and administrative roles, I have provided care to a vast population of underserved individuals from diverse backgrounds experiencing social, intellectual, emotional and mental health challenges.
Hello, I am Brandy Allen, LICSW, a dynamic psychotherapist with several years of experience working in healthcare and community settings. I earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Human Development and Psychology from Howard University and a Master’s of Clinical Social Work degree from Boston University. I am currently pursuing a Doctorate in Social Work from Simmons University. Through clinical and administrative roles, I have provided care to a vast population of underserved individuals from diverse backgrounds experiencing social, intellectual, emotional and mental health challenges.
![Photo of Cathy C Renz - Renz Counseling, LLC / Cathy Renz, LICSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3d8f1dc3-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
Renz Counseling, LLC / Cathy Renz, LICSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Stoughton, MA 02072 (Online Only)
**TELEHEALTH OFFERED!** With warmth, kindness and seriousness, we work with children, adults, couples and adolescents to manage the often profound stresses of marriage/relationships, work/school and identity. We work to help clients better understand their own histories, and how past hurt, trauma or turmoil can impact their current relationships. In our private practice, we work with people to strengthen their resilience and identify strategies for coping.
**TELEHEALTH OFFERED!** With warmth, kindness and seriousness, we work with children, adults, couples and adolescents to manage the often profound stresses of marriage/relationships, work/school and identity. We work to help clients better understand their own histories, and how past hurt, trauma or turmoil can impact their current relationships. In our private practice, we work with people to strengthen their resilience and identify strategies for coping.
![Photo of Elizabeth Sergey-Kalen, LMHC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/665345c7-44aa-4df0-860a-6b95605c3567/1/320x400.jpeg)
I may be a good fit for you if you are interested in the healing journey, want to learn more about yourself, are prepared to put the work in, find spirituality and mindfulness helpful and fulfilling, and are seeking EMDR or KAP therapy
I may be a good fit for you if you are interested in the healing journey, want to learn more about yourself, are prepared to put the work in, find spirituality and mindfulness helpful and fulfilling, and are seeking EMDR or KAP therapy
![Photo of Juna Michel - M L Behavioral Health Services LLC, PhD , MA, LMHC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/5ced9025-f663-4fa9-abc2-550fee3ece81/4/320x400.jpeg)
M L Behavioral Health Services LLC
Counselor, PhD , MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Stoughton, MA 02072
I provide individual therapy to assist adults in gaining insight and increased coping abilities that are suffering from stress, anxiety, depression, self image and relationship issues as well as major life transitions( such career, relationship transitions , and first time parents). I enjoy processing / validating and skills based work, incorporating Solution Focused Therapy, DBT, CBT, and ACT and Motivational Interviewing.
I provide individual therapy to assist adults in gaining insight and increased coping abilities that are suffering from stress, anxiety, depression, self image and relationship issues as well as major life transitions( such career, relationship transitions , and first time parents). I enjoy processing / validating and skills based work, incorporating Solution Focused Therapy, DBT, CBT, and ACT and Motivational Interviewing.
![Photo of Natasha Edelhaus, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3bd002f1-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist who emphasizes a systems approach and works to gain a deeper understanding of my client's family of origin and current dynamic. I also utilize an array of Cognitive Behavioral tools to allow the client to change their thinking and behavior pattern. I emphasize a collaborative approach, wherein I work together with the client to help them become invested in their treatment and achieve the results that they want. I do this while creating a compassionate, positive environment. I am passionate about helping my clients and specialize in sensitive clients of all ages and circumstances.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist who emphasizes a systems approach and works to gain a deeper understanding of my client's family of origin and current dynamic. I also utilize an array of Cognitive Behavioral tools to allow the client to change their thinking and behavior pattern. I emphasize a collaborative approach, wherein I work together with the client to help them become invested in their treatment and achieve the results that they want. I do this while creating a compassionate, positive environment. I am passionate about helping my clients and specialize in sensitive clients of all ages and circumstances.
![Photo of Lori Miller-Freitas, LICSW, NBCCH, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/405cd419-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
Lori Miller-Freitas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, NBCCH
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Stoughton, MA 02072
Not accepting new clients
I am a trauma specialist that has found that the disturbing events and large traumas in life can create anxiety, depression, chronic pain and illness.
I believe that therapy helps people move through the blocks in their life that keep them from meeting their full potential. The therapies I use, EMDR, Brainspotting, Gentle Reprocessing and Hypnotherapy dissolve those blocks. It could be past trauma or the smaller traumas in life that leave us with negative beliefs that prevent full access to our core. Get to your core and change your life! EMDR, Brainspotting, Gentle Reprocessing, Hypnosis, TAT, other energy therapies will facilitate the healthy change you desire.
I am a trauma specialist that has found that the disturbing events and large traumas in life can create anxiety, depression, chronic pain and illness.
I believe that therapy helps people move through the blocks in their life that keep them from meeting their full potential. The therapies I use, EMDR, Brainspotting, Gentle Reprocessing and Hypnotherapy dissolve those blocks. It could be past trauma or the smaller traumas in life that leave us with negative beliefs that prevent full access to our core. Get to your core and change your life! EMDR, Brainspotting, Gentle Reprocessing, Hypnosis, TAT, other energy therapies will facilitate the healthy change you desire.
More Therapists Nearby
![Photo of Carol A McKenna, PhD, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/6e0973d3-a260-4015-8771-9bb6a58fd927/1/320x400.jpeg)
I am a clinical psychologist with a specialty in health psychology and I can help you learn to deal more effectively with management of stress, chronic medical illness, neurologic disorders, pain and general health issues. My approach to cases is from a biopsychosocial perspective which considers and evaluates how biological, psychological and social factors impact on functioning and overall adjustment.
I am a clinical psychologist with a specialty in health psychology and I can help you learn to deal more effectively with management of stress, chronic medical illness, neurologic disorders, pain and general health issues. My approach to cases is from a biopsychosocial perspective which considers and evaluates how biological, psychological and social factors impact on functioning and overall adjustment.
![Photo of Matt Raspanti, LMHC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/565c7d7d-b279-4a35-8fae-75bb098f22a9/2/320x400.jpeg)
I work with adults to address issues related to chronic pain, substance use, relationship difficulties, anxiety, and depression.
I am currently accepting new clients. Wherever you may be at in your journey, I look forward to joining you on your path towards greater mental and emotional well-being. I create a safe, nonjudgmental space to explore your thoughts and feelings, and prioritize understanding things from your viewpoint. My main goal is to empower you as we collaborate to examine the impact of your experiences and stressors from new perspectives, to help you heal, and grow.
I work with adults to address issues related to chronic pain, substance use, relationship difficulties, anxiety, and depression.
I am currently accepting new clients. Wherever you may be at in your journey, I look forward to joining you on your path towards greater mental and emotional well-being. I create a safe, nonjudgmental space to explore your thoughts and feelings, and prioritize understanding things from your viewpoint. My main goal is to empower you as we collaborate to examine the impact of your experiences and stressors from new perspectives, to help you heal, and grow.
![Photo of Jessica Mosey, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/75517d57-f5db-48b7-8e7f-57950d9f159d/2/320x400.jpeg)
Jessica Mosey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
South Easton, MA 02375 (Online Only)
My areas of expertise are grief and loss, chronic, serious, and terminal illnesses, chronic pain, cancer and cancer survivorship, and caregiver fatigue.
I currently have an evening time slot open for a new client. I see therapy as guidance for healing, self-development, and an opportunity to feel understood. Through a collaborative, therapeutic approach, I utilize empathy, patience, and a sense of humor, to help clients through unexpected challenges and transitional life phases. I bring a combination of my clinical background and empathy through the use of a strengths based and person centered approach. I strive to provide individualized, compassionate psychotherapy in a safe, welcoming environment.
My areas of expertise are grief and loss, chronic, serious, and terminal illnesses, chronic pain, cancer and cancer survivorship, and caregiver fatigue.
I currently have an evening time slot open for a new client. I see therapy as guidance for healing, self-development, and an opportunity to feel understood. Through a collaborative, therapeutic approach, I utilize empathy, patience, and a sense of humor, to help clients through unexpected challenges and transitional life phases. I bring a combination of my clinical background and empathy through the use of a strengths based and person centered approach. I strive to provide individualized, compassionate psychotherapy in a safe, welcoming environment.
![Photo of William Jackson Mindfulness Based Therapy, PsyD, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/532b1fc5-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
William Jackson Mindfulness Based Therapy
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
North Easton, MA 02356
I specialize in mindfulness based therapies and working with patients with co-morbid anxiety, depression, mood disturbance and other psychological symptoms causing, attributing or resulting from chronic pain or illness.
Where do you want to be in your life? What are the clear and practical steps to get there? How do you find the understanding, compassion and motivation to take those steps? These are the kinds of questions we will address while working together. As a clinical health psychologist and former Buddhist monk I use a collaborative approach focused on developing more personal well-being. I am a husband, father, brother and business owner who values individual perspectives, personal priorities and kindness. I am hard to offend and quick to trust with a healthy sense of humor.
I specialize in mindfulness based therapies and working with patients with co-morbid anxiety, depression, mood disturbance and other psychological symptoms causing, attributing or resulting from chronic pain or illness.
Where do you want to be in your life? What are the clear and practical steps to get there? How do you find the understanding, compassion and motivation to take those steps? These are the kinds of questions we will address while working together. As a clinical health psychologist and former Buddhist monk I use a collaborative approach focused on developing more personal well-being. I am a husband, father, brother and business owner who values individual perspectives, personal priorities and kindness. I am hard to offend and quick to trust with a healthy sense of humor.
![Photo of John C Smolenski Jr - Paragon Mental Health Counseling, LMHC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/76842953-9ef9-44e5-b11d-e5dee7972f9b/3/320x400.jpeg)
My specialties include helping clients presenting with depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, physical disability, chronic health issues, chronic pain, and college-aged/ emerging adults coping with difficult life adjustments.
Are you exhausted by the daily struggle of living with depression, anxiety, or self-esteem issues? Does academic stress or entering into adulthood feel like an impossible challenge? Do you live with chronic pain, disability, or health conditions that cause emotional distress or feelings of isolation? Our mission is to excel at facilitating the positive change and healing you've been needing in your life. We achieve this not only with talk-therapy, but also by teaching applicable skills and coping strategies to be used daily as you navigate through adversity and strive for self-growth.
My specialties include helping clients presenting with depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, physical disability, chronic health issues, chronic pain, and college-aged/ emerging adults coping with difficult life adjustments.
Are you exhausted by the daily struggle of living with depression, anxiety, or self-esteem issues? Does academic stress or entering into adulthood feel like an impossible challenge? Do you live with chronic pain, disability, or health conditions that cause emotional distress or feelings of isolation? Our mission is to excel at facilitating the positive change and healing you've been needing in your life. We achieve this not only with talk-therapy, but also by teaching applicable skills and coping strategies to be used daily as you navigate through adversity and strive for self-growth.
![Photo of Melissa Grieco-Waters, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/dd0a8534-9bfc-4664-91db-524621cd5fb1/2/320x400.jpeg)
In my 20+ years in the field, I have had the opportunity to work with individuals dealing with a wide range of challenges and experiences. Each person has their own unique experience in life and with mental health issues and stressors. I feel therapy should be individualized to the person and each session should aim to offer growth and insight. I offer space for folks to feel accepted, safe and heard. I am especially committed to treating the LGBTGIA+ community, those seeking gender affirming care (trans/NB), neurodiverse folks, people coping with chronic pain/medical issues. Issues specific to women and AFAB folks.
In my 20+ years in the field, I have had the opportunity to work with individuals dealing with a wide range of challenges and experiences. Each person has their own unique experience in life and with mental health issues and stressors. I feel therapy should be individualized to the person and each session should aim to offer growth and insight. I offer space for folks to feel accepted, safe and heard. I am especially committed to treating the LGBTGIA+ community, those seeking gender affirming care (trans/NB), neurodiverse folks, people coping with chronic pain/medical issues. Issues specific to women and AFAB folks.
See more therapy options for Stoughton
Nearby Chronic Pain Therapists Searches for Stoughton
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How does chronic pain therapy work?
Engaging with a psychotherapist to help treat chronic pain does not mean that one’s pain is all in their head. Therapy for chronic-pain patients has been shown to benefit both the mind and the body, targeting physical symptoms and increasing daily functioning. In other words, for many, addressing their emotional health through therapy affects their physical health. A therapist can help a client challenge unhelpful thoughts about pain and develop new ways to respond to it, such as distraction or calming breathing techniques. Studies have found that therapy can be as effective as surgery for certain cases of chronic pain and many doctors recommend trying psychotherapy in advance of considering invasive surgery.
What are the most effective treatment options for chronic pain?
Stress, anxiety, depression, catastrophizing, ruminating, lack of activity, and social withdrawal all make chronic pain worse. Addressing these issues, research shows, can help people gain control over their pain symptoms. Therapeutic approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy, biofeedback, and mindfulness-based stress reduction, along with greater pain-management education, have been found to help people reduce fear and disability.
Are there new treatments for chronic pain?
Many cases of chronic pain, particularly those involving back pain, remain medically unexplained. But there is evidence that changes in the brain or nervous system are caused by previous physical ailments such as tissue damage; in such cases, the brain may continue to send out pain signals despite the physical cause having healed. To aid patients under these circumstances, a recently developed treatment known as pain reprocessing therapy (PRT) is designed to help the brain “unlearn” this response. A PRT practitioner helps individuals to reduce the “threat value” of their ongoing pain signals until they can reappraise them as less threatening and fear-inducing. They also help an individual to develop new emotional regulation skills.
How long does therapy for chronic pain take?
There is no set timeline for recovery from chronic pain, especially as there may be a range of physical and psychological causes for any individual’s discomfort, but most patients should expect to see a therapist for a number of weeks or months, typically spanning at least 12 sessions. Studies of pain reprocessing therapy found that many individuals’ experience of pain lessened in eight sessions over four weeks.