Trauma and PTSD Therapists in Plymouth, MA

Photo of Leslie A Maxwell, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Leslie A Maxwell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
Hi there, I am so glad you are here! I look forward to the possibility of working with you or your child. I am here to support each and every one of my clients in being the best version of themselves that is possible. An area of focus in my practice is children and adolescents impacted by trauma and neuro-developmental diversity. In addition, I work with many parents/caregivers of young children who, due to their children's circumstances and other life stressors, are struggling themselves. I look forward to connecting and working together.
Hi there, I am so glad you are here! I look forward to the possibility of working with you or your child. I am here to support each and every one of my clients in being the best version of themselves that is possible. An area of focus in my practice is children and adolescents impacted by trauma and neuro-developmental diversity. In addition, I work with many parents/caregivers of young children who, due to their children's circumstances and other life stressors, are struggling themselves. I look forward to connecting and working together.
(339) 793-4839 View (339) 793-4839
Photo of Lisa M Forman, MS, CAGS, LMHC, Counselor
Lisa M Forman
Counselor, MS, CAGS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
I am a LMHC with 25 years of experience specializing in the treatment of anxiety, depression, impulsivity, and PTSD.
I earned a Bachelor's degree in psychology from University of Massachusetts, Lowell, in 1989. I obtained my Master's degree in mental health counseling form Suffolk University in 1993. I completed my certification in graduate studies in counseling at Lesley University in 2006.
I am a LMHC with 25 years of experience specializing in the treatment of anxiety, depression, impulsivity, and PTSD.
I earned a Bachelor's degree in psychology from University of Massachusetts, Lowell, in 1989. I obtained my Master's degree in mental health counseling form Suffolk University in 1993. I completed my certification in graduate studies in counseling at Lesley University in 2006.
(508) 258-3815 View (508) 258-3815
Photo of Doreen Quinn Fagerberg, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Doreen Quinn Fagerberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
I am committed to helping individuals connect with their unique and authentic selves. I believe we all deserve to live the best life possible. Engaging in therapy is a pathway to successfully living our best life. I am qualified to help with trauma, grief, mood disorders, personality disorders, family issues and life changes that occur with all of us as we transition and grow.
I am committed to helping individuals connect with their unique and authentic selves. I believe we all deserve to live the best life possible. Engaging in therapy is a pathway to successfully living our best life. I am qualified to help with trauma, grief, mood disorders, personality disorders, family issues and life changes that occur with all of us as we transition and grow.
(781) 217-3196 View (781) 217-3196
Photo of Dylan Wallace, LICSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dylan Wallace
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360
I specialize in helping cope with the complexities of substance use, other types of addictions, marital conflicts, depression, anxiety, mood disorders, trauma, grief, personality disorders, codependency, attachment, and family conflict.
I believe that each person has the potential to live the life they truly want and that lasting change is possible. As a strengths-based therapist, I help a client find their strengths are built on and utilized in therapy to help the client work through the difficulties they are experiencing. I create a space where you can tell me anything without fear of judgment or me telling you how you should live life. Therapy is an interactive process and it shouldn’t look the same for each person. I love helping people build their confidence and becoming more assertive. I want to help you build the skills to live your life to the fullest!
I specialize in helping cope with the complexities of substance use, other types of addictions, marital conflicts, depression, anxiety, mood disorders, trauma, grief, personality disorders, codependency, attachment, and family conflict.
I believe that each person has the potential to live the life they truly want and that lasting change is possible. As a strengths-based therapist, I help a client find their strengths are built on and utilized in therapy to help the client work through the difficulties they are experiencing. I create a space where you can tell me anything without fear of judgment or me telling you how you should live life. Therapy is an interactive process and it shouldn’t look the same for each person. I love helping people build their confidence and becoming more assertive. I want to help you build the skills to live your life to the fullest!
(781) 731-1830 View (781) 731-1830
Photo of Jennifer Mello, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer Mello
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360
Seeking therapy can be a difficult step for most, but is often the first step towards healing and growth. With a specialty in trauma work, I provide a place of support to children, adolescents, adults and couples who are experiencing challenges with relationships, anxiety/depression, boundary formation, and grief. I believe in clients being the experts of their own experiences and offer a safe and supportive environment to explore opportunities for change and to establish new skills to support overall mental health and wellness.
Seeking therapy can be a difficult step for most, but is often the first step towards healing and growth. With a specialty in trauma work, I provide a place of support to children, adolescents, adults and couples who are experiencing challenges with relationships, anxiety/depression, boundary formation, and grief. I believe in clients being the experts of their own experiences and offer a safe and supportive environment to explore opportunities for change and to establish new skills to support overall mental health and wellness.
(774) 773-6055 View (774) 773-6055
Photo of Natasha Bourgoin - EMDR Therapy Solutions and Wellness, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
EMDR Therapy Solutions and Wellness
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
Coping with complex trauma can be challenging.
Hey there! I'm Natasha Bourgoin, and I'm thrilled to be able to help you out. As a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) with years of experience in community health, I specialize in supporting individuals dealing with trauma as my number one focus. But that's not all - I'm also here to help you tackle depression, anxiety, substance use, and couple conflict. I've opened my private practice because I want to be able to give you the personalized care and attention that you deserve. So whether you're looking for in-person or virtual sessions, I'm here to help you achieve your goals with compassion and support.
Coping with complex trauma can be challenging.
Hey there! I'm Natasha Bourgoin, and I'm thrilled to be able to help you out. As a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) with years of experience in community health, I specialize in supporting individuals dealing with trauma as my number one focus. But that's not all - I'm also here to help you tackle depression, anxiety, substance use, and couple conflict. I've opened my private practice because I want to be able to give you the personalized care and attention that you deserve. So whether you're looking for in-person or virtual sessions, I'm here to help you achieve your goals with compassion and support.
(508) 290-5615 View (508) 290-5615
Photo of Sandra Birdsall, MA, LADC1, BC-AC, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Sandra Birdsall
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA, LADC1, BC-AC
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
I invite all ages into the therapeutic relationship and will work with individuals, families, couples and groups. My background supports a variety of modalities, populations and identified disorders; I have a particular skill set to work with folks affected by Trauma, Anxiety, Depression, ADHD, Grief and/or Addictions. With my background in Fine Arts and Expressive Therapies using creative approaches is of particular interest.
I invite all ages into the therapeutic relationship and will work with individuals, families, couples and groups. My background supports a variety of modalities, populations and identified disorders; I have a particular skill set to work with folks affected by Trauma, Anxiety, Depression, ADHD, Grief and/or Addictions. With my background in Fine Arts and Expressive Therapies using creative approaches is of particular interest.
(339) 333-7866 View (339) 333-7866
Photo of Kim Kelley, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Kim Kelley
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360  (Online Only)
I am very experienced in working with adults with childhood trauma, former foster youth, adult adoptees, sexual assault & other trauma survivors.
The past few years have been really tough! Did you feel like you had it all together & then the rug was pulled out from under you? Maybe you experienced trauma when you were younger & thought you had moved past it. Now you feel frustrated, isolated, & alone. Maybe you are feeling triggered by your kids, spouse, partner, parents, or friends. You love them, but the pandemic has caused you to want to take a month-long vacation from them! You have tried dealing with your anxiety, anger, stress, all on your own but you are struggling to stay afloat-yelling at loved ones, working too much.
I am very experienced in working with adults with childhood trauma, former foster youth, adult adoptees, sexual assault & other trauma survivors.
The past few years have been really tough! Did you feel like you had it all together & then the rug was pulled out from under you? Maybe you experienced trauma when you were younger & thought you had moved past it. Now you feel frustrated, isolated, & alone. Maybe you are feeling triggered by your kids, spouse, partner, parents, or friends. You love them, but the pandemic has caused you to want to take a month-long vacation from them! You have tried dealing with your anxiety, anger, stress, all on your own but you are struggling to stay afloat-yelling at loved ones, working too much.
(508) 980-2568 View (508) 980-2568
Photo of LeaAnne Stunkel-Doyle, MA, LMHC, Counselor
LeaAnne Stunkel-Doyle
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02362  (Online Only)
I have extensive training and experience in trauma, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, domestic violence, developmental issues and school related issues.
I have been working as a licensed clinician in a variety of settings for over 25 years. My philosophy is to help individuals to identify their strengths, their learning and thought patterns, and help them to achieve personal goals. I believe that all people have the right to feel happy and to be successful in this world, and recognize that there are many obstacles that may interfere. I am very interested in the role of movement and nature in mental health, and offer walk/run/outdoor therapy as well as telehealth. In addition, I am trained in CBT, DBT, mindfulness, IFS therapy and traditional psychotherapy.
I have extensive training and experience in trauma, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, domestic violence, developmental issues and school related issues.
I have been working as a licensed clinician in a variety of settings for over 25 years. My philosophy is to help individuals to identify their strengths, their learning and thought patterns, and help them to achieve personal goals. I believe that all people have the right to feel happy and to be successful in this world, and recognize that there are many obstacles that may interfere. I am very interested in the role of movement and nature in mental health, and offer walk/run/outdoor therapy as well as telehealth. In addition, I am trained in CBT, DBT, mindfulness, IFS therapy and traditional psychotherapy.
(339) 201-9504 View (339) 201-9504
Photo of Colleen Slowey-Morelli, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Colleen Slowey-Morelli
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360
Private pay, superbills available. I offer EMDR weekly or Intensive sessions for the treatment of trauma symptoms. Unprocessed traumatic memories can become stuck in the body, leading to distress and dysregulation in many forms: panic, anxiety, depression, irritability, flash anger, numbness, loss of connection with others. Neurological research show that the rhythmic horizontal eye movements used in EMDR reduce the activity in the brain's fear circuits, allowing allowing our brain and our nervous system to do the healing work they are capable of. Wondering if this is for you or if your story "counts" as trauma? Let's connect.
Private pay, superbills available. I offer EMDR weekly or Intensive sessions for the treatment of trauma symptoms. Unprocessed traumatic memories can become stuck in the body, leading to distress and dysregulation in many forms: panic, anxiety, depression, irritability, flash anger, numbness, loss of connection with others. Neurological research show that the rhythmic horizontal eye movements used in EMDR reduce the activity in the brain's fear circuits, allowing allowing our brain and our nervous system to do the healing work they are capable of. Wondering if this is for you or if your story "counts" as trauma? Let's connect.
(508) 915-4928 View (508) 915-4928
Photo of Dr. Melissa Samartano, PhD, LMHC, RYT, Counselor
Dr. Melissa Samartano
Counselor, PhD, LMHC, RYT
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
Melissa specializes in: Trauma, PTSD, Anxiety/Fears, Relationships, Depression, Spirituality, ADHD, Divorce, Domestic Abuse, Violence, Loss, Grief, OCD, Parenting and Dissociative Disorders.
Dr. Melissa received her Ph.D. in Holistic Counseling from the University of Sedona in 2013. She brings a creative approach to healing the mind, body,and spirit by incorporating different holistic modalities into the therapeutic counseling process. Melissa also received her Master's Degree in Clinical Counseling Psychology in 1997 from Lesley University. She has been practicing as a licensed psychotherapist for over 25 years. Melissa is also a Certified Yoga Teacher and received her RYT from Maha Yoga Center in Bridgewater, MA in 2017.
Melissa specializes in: Trauma, PTSD, Anxiety/Fears, Relationships, Depression, Spirituality, ADHD, Divorce, Domestic Abuse, Violence, Loss, Grief, OCD, Parenting and Dissociative Disorders.
Dr. Melissa received her Ph.D. in Holistic Counseling from the University of Sedona in 2013. She brings a creative approach to healing the mind, body,and spirit by incorporating different holistic modalities into the therapeutic counseling process. Melissa also received her Master's Degree in Clinical Counseling Psychology in 1997 from Lesley University. She has been practicing as a licensed psychotherapist for over 25 years. Melissa is also a Certified Yoga Teacher and received her RYT from Maha Yoga Center in Bridgewater, MA in 2017.
(508) 372-0956 View (508) 372-0956
Photo of Lauren Cooper, MEd , Counselor
Lauren Cooper
Counselor, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360
I have a strong interest in the pediatric and adolescent population but I also have the skill set to address adult matters. My practice is focused but not limited to Trauma/PTSD, Autism Spectrum Disorder, ADHD, Behavioral Disorders, Anxiety and Depression. I also enjoy working with parents who need additional guidance to meet their child's needs. I strive to build the foundation of a strong therapeutic relationship by creating a comfortable environment free of judgement.
I have a strong interest in the pediatric and adolescent population but I also have the skill set to address adult matters. My practice is focused but not limited to Trauma/PTSD, Autism Spectrum Disorder, ADHD, Behavioral Disorders, Anxiety and Depression. I also enjoy working with parents who need additional guidance to meet their child's needs. I strive to build the foundation of a strong therapeutic relationship by creating a comfortable environment free of judgement.
(781) 531-9286 View (781) 531-9286
Photo of Emilee Cafardo, LMHC, Counselor
Emilee Cafardo
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360  (Online Only)
I specialize in grief & loss as well as trauma. I hope to encourage my clients to explore more holistic options to ease those challenges.
I specialize in grief & loss as well as trauma. I hope to encourage my clients to explore more holistic options to ease those challenges.
(617) 860-3507 View (617) 860-3507
Photo of Whitney Hebbert - Meadowbrook Counseling of Massachusetts, LMFT, EMDR, Counselor
Meadowbrook Counseling of Massachusetts
Counselor, LMFT, EMDR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360
Welcome to Meadowbrook Counseling, your sanctuary for healing & growth. We are dedicated to providing personalized therapy services tailored to treat trauma, abuse, anxiety, depression, eating disorders, & more. Our skilled therapists use evidence-based approaches including EMDR, CBT, DBT, and Solution Focus, ensuring you receive the comprehensive care needed for lasting healing. We foster a welcoming environment for all, regardless of age, gender, race, or background, ensuring every client feels valued, understood, & empowered. We are committed to helping you overcome challenges, enhance well-being, & transform your life.
Welcome to Meadowbrook Counseling, your sanctuary for healing & growth. We are dedicated to providing personalized therapy services tailored to treat trauma, abuse, anxiety, depression, eating disorders, & more. Our skilled therapists use evidence-based approaches including EMDR, CBT, DBT, and Solution Focus, ensuring you receive the comprehensive care needed for lasting healing. We foster a welcoming environment for all, regardless of age, gender, race, or background, ensuring every client feels valued, understood, & empowered. We are committed to helping you overcome challenges, enhance well-being, & transform your life.
(781) 579-8141 View (781) 579-8141
Photo of Josie Osborn, MA, LMHC, CMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Josie Osborn
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LMHC, CMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360
I’ve been trained in EMDR, CBT, DBT, and developmental trauma.
My primary approach is seeing each client as a unique individual with intrinsic value, and with the capacity for self-healing. I am committed to helping clients feel safe, heard, seen, and valued. I also understand that seeking therapy is a difficult and sometimes scary decision, and I am eager to meet clients wherever they are in their healing process. I believe that every person is the expert in their own life and the role of therapy is to support and build on someone’s personal strengths while providing a safe place to dive deeper into self-understanding and ultimately achieve healing.
I’ve been trained in EMDR, CBT, DBT, and developmental trauma.
My primary approach is seeing each client as a unique individual with intrinsic value, and with the capacity for self-healing. I am committed to helping clients feel safe, heard, seen, and valued. I also understand that seeking therapy is a difficult and sometimes scary decision, and I am eager to meet clients wherever they are in their healing process. I believe that every person is the expert in their own life and the role of therapy is to support and build on someone’s personal strengths while providing a safe place to dive deeper into self-understanding and ultimately achieve healing.
(385) 233-9451 View (385) 233-9451
Photo of Kat DiFillippo Montague, LICSW, BFA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kat DiFillippo Montague
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, BFA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Are you feeling stuck in your life and unsure of how to move forward? Maybe you’re burned out. Maybe you’re struggling in the isolation of traumatic memories. I am a holistic trauma-informed psychotherapist that is dedicated to treating your entire self. Together we will explore and unpack your deep emotional pains while becoming curious of their root cause. My hope is that we can develop a collaborative bond that feels impactful and reliable. You've already been through so much, I hope that you are able to feel a sense of pride in taking on this challenge.
Are you feeling stuck in your life and unsure of how to move forward? Maybe you’re burned out. Maybe you’re struggling in the isolation of traumatic memories. I am a holistic trauma-informed psychotherapist that is dedicated to treating your entire self. Together we will explore and unpack your deep emotional pains while becoming curious of their root cause. My hope is that we can develop a collaborative bond that feels impactful and reliable. You've already been through so much, I hope that you are able to feel a sense of pride in taking on this challenge.
(617) 299-8232 View (617) 299-8232
Photo of Heather Fahey, LICSW, MEd, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Heather Fahey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MEd
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360  (Online Only)
I specialize in trauma, anxiety, depression, ASD, and ADHD.
Let me help your family discover their strengths while learning new skills that will improve coping, communication, and advocacy. I provide a supportive environment to help families learn, grow, and heal. I am excited to offer animal assisted therapeutic services to ease emotional stress that may occur during the therapeutic process.
I specialize in trauma, anxiety, depression, ASD, and ADHD.
Let me help your family discover their strengths while learning new skills that will improve coping, communication, and advocacy. I provide a supportive environment to help families learn, grow, and heal. I am excited to offer animal assisted therapeutic services to ease emotional stress that may occur during the therapeutic process.
(617) 606-9478 View (617) 606-9478
Photo of Jennifer Robinson - Robinson Counseling and Wellness, LLC, PhD, LMHC, CAGS, Counselor
Robinson Counseling and Wellness, LLC
Counselor, PhD, LMHC, CAGS
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360  (Online Only)
Depression, anxiety, trouble concentrating, behavioral problems, insomnia, interpersonal conflict, low self-esteem, and flashbacks are just a few symptoms that can be caused by underlying trauma. Most of us have dealt with trauma in our lives. A traumatic event could be one isolated incident, such as a car accident or death in the family. Some individuals have experienced pervasive trauma, such as an ongoing medical procedure or family discord. At Robinson Counseling and Wellness, LLC we have clinicians who been trained to effectively resolve the symptoms of trauma and provide a safe environment for healing.
Depression, anxiety, trouble concentrating, behavioral problems, insomnia, interpersonal conflict, low self-esteem, and flashbacks are just a few symptoms that can be caused by underlying trauma. Most of us have dealt with trauma in our lives. A traumatic event could be one isolated incident, such as a car accident or death in the family. Some individuals have experienced pervasive trauma, such as an ongoing medical procedure or family discord. At Robinson Counseling and Wellness, LLC we have clinicians who been trained to effectively resolve the symptoms of trauma and provide a safe environment for healing.
(857) 858-2391 View (857) 858-2391
Photo of Andrea N Meninno, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Andrea N Meninno
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I also offer trainings on how trauma impacts adults and children: "It Makes Perfect Sense: Understanding the Emotional and Behavioral Impact of Childhood Trauma".
***Currently not accepting new clients*** Are you tired of feeling defined by your past? Weary of re-living old hurts? I am a compassionate and committed clinician with 30 years of experience working with children, adolescents, adults in a variety of settings. For the last 23 years I have maintained a private practice working with children, adolescents and adults using an eclectic trauma informed approach. I specialize in treating trauma, anxiety, depression and have a strong focus on insight building and coping strategies. I offer parent support and guidance for parents of children experiencing worries and/or sadness.
I also offer trainings on how trauma impacts adults and children: "It Makes Perfect Sense: Understanding the Emotional and Behavioral Impact of Childhood Trauma".
***Currently not accepting new clients*** Are you tired of feeling defined by your past? Weary of re-living old hurts? I am a compassionate and committed clinician with 30 years of experience working with children, adolescents, adults in a variety of settings. For the last 23 years I have maintained a private practice working with children, adolescents and adults using an eclectic trauma informed approach. I specialize in treating trauma, anxiety, depression and have a strong focus on insight building and coping strategies. I offer parent support and guidance for parents of children experiencing worries and/or sadness.
(781) 694-1162 View (781) 694-1162
Photo of Ginny Kelly, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ginny Kelly
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360  (Online Only)
I recently decided to let go of my office and offer virtual sessions. My practice is limited to women. Although I specialize in the treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder as a result of childhood abuse (physical, sexual, emotional), I have a few openings for women struggling with other issues such as depression, anxiety, and life stressors. I am getting ready to start an online survivor group and self-esteem group. Groups have been by far the most lifechanging mode of therapy in my 30 years of experience.
I recently decided to let go of my office and offer virtual sessions. My practice is limited to women. Although I specialize in the treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder as a result of childhood abuse (physical, sexual, emotional), I have a few openings for women struggling with other issues such as depression, anxiety, and life stressors. I am getting ready to start an online survivor group and self-esteem group. Groups have been by far the most lifechanging mode of therapy in my 30 years of experience.
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Trauma and PTSD Therapists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.