Therapists in Orange, MA

Photo of Carolyn Brandeis, Intern, Pre-Licensed Professional
Carolyn Brandeis
Pre-Licensed Professional, Intern
Verified Verified
Orange, MA 01364  (Online Only)
I'm Callie, a 2nd year MSW intern. Driven by empathy and collaboration, my hope is to foster a supportive space for you to navigate life's challenges and cultivate growth. You might be experiencing trauma's aftermath or have health and pain issues that no one seems to understand. These issues can feel challenging and yet you're looking for ways to enhance your mental wellness. You know healing exists but have struggled to make progress before. Struggling with life transitions? We'll work together to build your existing resilience.
I'm Callie, a 2nd year MSW intern. Driven by empathy and collaboration, my hope is to foster a supportive space for you to navigate life's challenges and cultivate growth. You might be experiencing trauma's aftermath or have health and pain issues that no one seems to understand. These issues can feel challenging and yet you're looking for ways to enhance your mental wellness. You know healing exists but have struggled to make progress before. Struggling with life transitions? We'll work together to build your existing resilience.
(978) 490-1803 View (978) 490-1803
Photo of Quinn Mohlar, LMHC, Counselor
Quinn Mohlar
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Orange, MA 01364  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
You might experience sadness, anxiety, or challenges fitting in. At night, you might question if you are different due to various forms of neurodivergence. These concerns lead to stress and are unsure what to do. You want to find ways to help manage your emotions and gain control back. It's vulnerable asking for help. I struggle with chronic illness and co-occurring mental health struggles, and I had my own success in therapy finding coping skills and learning more about myself. I am also passionate about supporting the people I love and care about who are in the LGBTQIA+ community. My commitment to wellness extends to you!
You might experience sadness, anxiety, or challenges fitting in. At night, you might question if you are different due to various forms of neurodivergence. These concerns lead to stress and are unsure what to do. You want to find ways to help manage your emotions and gain control back. It's vulnerable asking for help. I struggle with chronic illness and co-occurring mental health struggles, and I had my own success in therapy finding coping skills and learning more about myself. I am also passionate about supporting the people I love and care about who are in the LGBTQIA+ community. My commitment to wellness extends to you!
(978) 570-7370 View (978) 570-7370
Photo of Lindsay Boudreau, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lindsay Boudreau
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Orange, MA 01364  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Note: I only provide EMDR and IFS informed EMDR treatment. Starting therapy may bring up a lot of thoughts and feelings, and your decision to seek therapy shows a commitment to living your best life. I believe in my work that restoring relationships with ourselves and our loved ones can help navigate the difficult times we live in. Finding freedom from worry and depression is work, but you are not alone on this journey. You may also be exploring your sexual or gender identity and looking for additional support. Your curiosity and interest in exploring these issues will help you succeed in reaching your goals for your best life.
Note: I only provide EMDR and IFS informed EMDR treatment. Starting therapy may bring up a lot of thoughts and feelings, and your decision to seek therapy shows a commitment to living your best life. I believe in my work that restoring relationships with ourselves and our loved ones can help navigate the difficult times we live in. Finding freedom from worry and depression is work, but you are not alone on this journey. You may also be exploring your sexual or gender identity and looking for additional support. Your curiosity and interest in exploring these issues will help you succeed in reaching your goals for your best life.
(978) 307-4086 View (978) 307-4086
Photo of Kaylin Petracca, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kaylin Petracca
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Orange, MA 01364  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I applaud you for considering therapy, as it can be a challenging decision and may invoke a variety of feelings. You may have experienced a traumatic event or series of events that continue to impact your life, you may be exploring your identity and personal belief systems, or you may be experiencing complex emotions that you'd like support in processing. I am passionate about working with trauma survivors, especially those within the LGBTQ community. Trauma is complex and unique to each survivor.
I applaud you for considering therapy, as it can be a challenging decision and may invoke a variety of feelings. You may have experienced a traumatic event or series of events that continue to impact your life, you may be exploring your identity and personal belief systems, or you may be experiencing complex emotions that you'd like support in processing. I am passionate about working with trauma survivors, especially those within the LGBTQ community. Trauma is complex and unique to each survivor.
(978) 541-1701 View (978) 541-1701
Photo of Evangeliah Tsui, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Evangeliah Tsui
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Orange, MA 01364  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Imagine how different your experience in the world would be if you could tap into all your talents and abilities. You have strengths that you may not even realize. Some of these strengths may be affected by traumatic events, environmental stressors, internal/external conflicts (identity and personal beliefs), mental health and medical challenges. My style consists of providing a compassionate, person-centered, trauma-informed lens that allows my clients the ability to identify their goals and restore a sense of control back in their lives.
Imagine how different your experience in the world would be if you could tap into all your talents and abilities. You have strengths that you may not even realize. Some of these strengths may be affected by traumatic events, environmental stressors, internal/external conflicts (identity and personal beliefs), mental health and medical challenges. My style consists of providing a compassionate, person-centered, trauma-informed lens that allows my clients the ability to identify their goals and restore a sense of control back in their lives.
(978) 765-2040 View (978) 765-2040
Photo of Paula Pralinsky, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Paula Pralinsky
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Orange, MA 01364
I believe that psychotherapy is a collaborative process in which a safe and welcoming space is co-created. This space allows room to supportively explore-with curiosity and self-compassion-the patterns of interaction, behavior, and thoughts that might no longer serve their purpose. I am an accomplished clinician with over 15 years of direct experience. I began my professional career in San Francisco and have since relocated back to my roots in central Massachusetts. I have worked successfully with many clients with a diversity of backgrounds, experiences, strengths, challenges, and coping strategies.
I believe that psychotherapy is a collaborative process in which a safe and welcoming space is co-created. This space allows room to supportively explore-with curiosity and self-compassion-the patterns of interaction, behavior, and thoughts that might no longer serve their purpose. I am an accomplished clinician with over 15 years of direct experience. I began my professional career in San Francisco and have since relocated back to my roots in central Massachusetts. I have worked successfully with many clients with a diversity of backgrounds, experiences, strengths, challenges, and coping strategies.
(978) 541-4365 View (978) 541-4365
Photo of Ariana Flanagan, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ariana Flanagan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Orange, MA 01364  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
If you've been feeling like enough is enough, or have been carrying around your pain or stress for too long I welcome you. Maybe you're feeling stuck in unhelpful thought patterns, or disconnected from your drive. Living with pain, hurt, worries, or a desire for change brings you out of the peace of the present. Let's find a way to bring you back to it. We're all human and all have different identities. I understand the intersectionality of people, and that different parts of your identify may not be welcome in certain spaces, and how painful this is. Your whole will always be welcome in this space.
If you've been feeling like enough is enough, or have been carrying around your pain or stress for too long I welcome you. Maybe you're feeling stuck in unhelpful thought patterns, or disconnected from your drive. Living with pain, hurt, worries, or a desire for change brings you out of the peace of the present. Let's find a way to bring you back to it. We're all human and all have different identities. I understand the intersectionality of people, and that different parts of your identify may not be welcome in certain spaces, and how painful this is. Your whole will always be welcome in this space.
(978) 543-5171 View (978) 543-5171
Photo of Doug Wessel, MA, M Ed, LMHC, Counselor
Doug Wessel
Counselor, MA, M Ed, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Orange, MA 01364
If you have been looking for a dependable sense of well-being in your life, knowing that how you feel and function in the world isn’t what it could be or what you’d like it to be, I offer professional and compassionate help. Your feelings and behaviors make sense and healing is possible. I help you become your own source of support and growth. Internal Family Systems (IFS) and informs my practice. We all have parts that can become less extreme, and a Self that is wise and compassionate. Trauma, attachment wounds, shame, self-hate and feeling insecure about ourselves can frequently be at the root of our struggles.
If you have been looking for a dependable sense of well-being in your life, knowing that how you feel and function in the world isn’t what it could be or what you’d like it to be, I offer professional and compassionate help. Your feelings and behaviors make sense and healing is possible. I help you become your own source of support and growth. Internal Family Systems (IFS) and informs my practice. We all have parts that can become less extreme, and a Self that is wise and compassionate. Trauma, attachment wounds, shame, self-hate and feeling insecure about ourselves can frequently be at the root of our struggles.
(978) 231-9609 View (978) 231-9609
Photo of Kelly Mills, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kelly Mills
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Orange, MA 01364  (Online Only)
It can be hard to intervene on your own behalf, but we can work on creating a sense of containment and accountability so that you can reap the fruits of your emotional work. I want to do so in a way that feels conducive to the nuances of you. We can work through barriers such as PTSD, lack of sleep, loss of pleasure, apathy, grief, shame, and interpersonal conflict. I want to help you break down your overwhelm and create a lifestyle that feels sustainable and cares for you. I believe that we have the ability to create, shape, and project feelings of safety, happiness, and joy.
It can be hard to intervene on your own behalf, but we can work on creating a sense of containment and accountability so that you can reap the fruits of your emotional work. I want to do so in a way that feels conducive to the nuances of you. We can work through barriers such as PTSD, lack of sleep, loss of pleasure, apathy, grief, shame, and interpersonal conflict. I want to help you break down your overwhelm and create a lifestyle that feels sustainable and cares for you. I believe that we have the ability to create, shape, and project feelings of safety, happiness, and joy.
(978) 312-9139 View (978) 312-9139
Photo of Debra Lucey-Maynard, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Debra Lucey-Maynard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Orange, MA 01364  (Online Only)
I am honored to support individuals/families that have struggles that they are motivated to overcome. It is normal for us all to struggle from time to time. Many of us have endured trauma in the past and it can be a challenge to feel peace and/or joy again. Trauma focused therapy can provide a safe outlet for you to explore your concerns and learn or strengthen coping skills as you continue to find healing. I believe that everyone has struggles in their lives. Many of us are touched by trauma and work hard to get through necessary activities during our day to day life. I feel we can all change and grow at any point in our life.
I am honored to support individuals/families that have struggles that they are motivated to overcome. It is normal for us all to struggle from time to time. Many of us have endured trauma in the past and it can be a challenge to feel peace and/or joy again. Trauma focused therapy can provide a safe outlet for you to explore your concerns and learn or strengthen coping skills as you continue to find healing. I believe that everyone has struggles in their lives. Many of us are touched by trauma and work hard to get through necessary activities during our day to day life. I feel we can all change and grow at any point in our life.
(978) 341-3859 View (978) 341-3859
Photo of Ashley Thiboutot, LMHC, LCPC, Counselor
Ashley Thiboutot
Counselor, LMHC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Orange, MA 01364  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Please note: My practice s currently full. If you are interested in being added to my waitlist, please contact me to schedule a phone consultation. Having big emotions? Thoughts stuck on repeat? Not sure where you are going or how to get there? Welcome fellow human, these are incredibly common experiences to have in life, and sometimes, therapy can be the next step to tackling these experiences.
Please note: My practice s currently full. If you are interested in being added to my waitlist, please contact me to schedule a phone consultation. Having big emotions? Thoughts stuck on repeat? Not sure where you are going or how to get there? Welcome fellow human, these are incredibly common experiences to have in life, and sometimes, therapy can be the next step to tackling these experiences.
(774) 260-6614 View (774) 260-6614
Photo of Matt Swift, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Matt Swift
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Orange, MA 01364  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Do you sometimes feel like you’re stuck in a loop? Are you running into the same obstacles over and over? Do your interpersonal relationships seem to repeat the same scripts, or echo each other? Are you ready to look at the underlying feelings that you’ve been reacting to and try some new behaviors to shift these patterns? We can diffuse these reactions, take your energy back, and explore new paths toward the life you were meant to live, and we will find tools to address these barriers that leverage your strengths!
Do you sometimes feel like you’re stuck in a loop? Are you running into the same obstacles over and over? Do your interpersonal relationships seem to repeat the same scripts, or echo each other? Are you ready to look at the underlying feelings that you’ve been reacting to and try some new behaviors to shift these patterns? We can diffuse these reactions, take your energy back, and explore new paths toward the life you were meant to live, and we will find tools to address these barriers that leverage your strengths!
(978) 637-6298 View (978) 637-6298
Photo of Margaret (Maggie) Nwokeji, PhD, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Margaret (Maggie) Nwokeji
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Orange, MA 01364  (Online Only)
My motto is “If it costs you your peace, it is too expensive”. You may be looking for ways to reduce fear, sadness, and trauma responses but are unsure where to start. You might also want to find a therapist willing to walk alongside your spiritual journey. I want to help you find that deep peace and help you find ways to continue working on that life.
My motto is “If it costs you your peace, it is too expensive”. You may be looking for ways to reduce fear, sadness, and trauma responses but are unsure where to start. You might also want to find a therapist willing to walk alongside your spiritual journey. I want to help you find that deep peace and help you find ways to continue working on that life.
(978) 607-3765 View (978) 607-3765
Photo of Bethany Hadvab, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Bethany Hadvab
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Orange, MA 01364  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Over the past 15 years, I've dedicated myself to fostering safe environments where individuals, families, and communities can pause, reflect, and grow. The elephant in the room is often the unspoken aspects of our human experience. Our society's norms tend to constrain our conversations, leaving us with unexplored emotions and untold stories. Whether you're seeking support for personal growth, facing life's challenges, or navigating the intricate landscape of systemic issues and societal pressures, I'm excited to be a part of your journey.
Over the past 15 years, I've dedicated myself to fostering safe environments where individuals, families, and communities can pause, reflect, and grow. The elephant in the room is often the unspoken aspects of our human experience. Our society's norms tend to constrain our conversations, leaving us with unexplored emotions and untold stories. Whether you're seeking support for personal growth, facing life's challenges, or navigating the intricate landscape of systemic issues and societal pressures, I'm excited to be a part of your journey.
(978) 404-7368 View (978) 404-7368
Photo of Susan Hayes, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Susan Hayes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Orange, MA 01364  (Online Only)
As a compassionate and dedicated therapist, I understand that children thrive in nurturing environments filled with love and support. Unfortunately, this isn’t always the reality. Many individuals grow up with caregivers who are emotionally neglectful, which can profoundly affect their ability to form healthy, fulfilling relationships in adulthood. I specialize in helping adults who seek support and change in their relationships, particularly those whose feelings were dismissed in their formative years. My approach combines empathy with evidence-based techniques, creating a safe and supportive space for self-exploration.
As a compassionate and dedicated therapist, I understand that children thrive in nurturing environments filled with love and support. Unfortunately, this isn’t always the reality. Many individuals grow up with caregivers who are emotionally neglectful, which can profoundly affect their ability to form healthy, fulfilling relationships in adulthood. I specialize in helping adults who seek support and change in their relationships, particularly those whose feelings were dismissed in their formative years. My approach combines empathy with evidence-based techniques, creating a safe and supportive space for self-exploration.
(413) 992-3447 View (413) 992-3447
Photo of David L Wein, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
David L Wein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Orange, MA 01364
I have a great deal of experience working with clients who struggle to regulate their emotions in many contexts. I have a broad array of experience working successfully with clients struggling with relationships, trauma, as well as anger, depression and anxiety.
I have a great deal of experience working with clients who struggle to regulate their emotions in many contexts. I have a broad array of experience working successfully with clients struggling with relationships, trauma, as well as anger, depression and anxiety.
(978) 464-8399 View (978) 464-8399
Photo of Stephanie S Sidney - A Clearlight Center, Inc., PsyD, Psychologist
A Clearlight Center, Inc.
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Orange, MA 01364
Calm in the middle of the storm; strength to overcome any obstacle; courage, resilience and determination - these are qualities I seek to cultivate in my clients. My goal is to not only offer my clients relief from disturbing emotional and cognitive symptoms but to support them in manifesting their highest potential. My clinical work has been described as "effective," "holistic", "multi-modal," "results oriented," blending the science of Western Psychology with the intuition of the Eastern spiritual traditions. I focus on root cause for powerful healing. Hardworking clients committed to their growth flourish in my care.
Calm in the middle of the storm; strength to overcome any obstacle; courage, resilience and determination - these are qualities I seek to cultivate in my clients. My goal is to not only offer my clients relief from disturbing emotional and cognitive symptoms but to support them in manifesting their highest potential. My clinical work has been described as "effective," "holistic", "multi-modal," "results oriented," blending the science of Western Psychology with the intuition of the Eastern spiritual traditions. I focus on root cause for powerful healing. Hardworking clients committed to their growth flourish in my care.
(978) 456-5505 View (978) 456-5505
Photo of Katlyn Wells, LMHC, LCMHC, Counselor
Katlyn Wells
Counselor, LMHC, LCMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Orange, MA 01364  (Online Only)
Are you finding it difficult to take care of yourself, while also trying to take care of others? Is it hard to achieve the work/life balance everyone talks about? Do you feel more depressed, anxious, or down than you typically do? And is it impacting your ability to enjoy what little quality time you have with your family, friends, and loved ones?
Are you finding it difficult to take care of yourself, while also trying to take care of others? Is it hard to achieve the work/life balance everyone talks about? Do you feel more depressed, anxious, or down than you typically do? And is it impacting your ability to enjoy what little quality time you have with your family, friends, and loved ones?
(508) 682-4725 View (508) 682-4725

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Ronald S Meck, Counselor
Ronald S Meck
Counselor
Verified Verified
Shutesbury, MA 01072
Not accepting new clients
Many people who have experience in therapy remain puzzled as to why they find it so difficult to change even after learning about the dynamics of their emotional suffering. Thinking processes can only take us so far and often are unable to instigate a deep psychological shift. Unconscious processes, even brought into the light, will resist attempts to think them away. Imagination and the body are the home of the subconscious. It is in that world, that real and lasting change can transpire. Together we will attempt to get close and "withstand" conflicts of the mind rather than "understand" them.
Many people who have experience in therapy remain puzzled as to why they find it so difficult to change even after learning about the dynamics of their emotional suffering. Thinking processes can only take us so far and often are unable to instigate a deep psychological shift. Unconscious processes, even brought into the light, will resist attempts to think them away. Imagination and the body are the home of the subconscious. It is in that world, that real and lasting change can transpire. Together we will attempt to get close and "withstand" conflicts of the mind rather than "understand" them.
(413) 354-0994 View (413) 354-0994
Photo of Cori Chandler - J Cori Chandler, LMHC, LMHC
J Cori Chandler, LMHC
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Wendell, MA 01379
Not accepting new clients
I’m a licensed mental health counselor who specializes in helping people of all ages and identities move beyond conditioned habits of thinking and behaving through the development of self awareness, self acceptance and self-nurturing behaviors. I enjoy supporting people overcome issues related to anxiety, depression, self-confidence, trauma, grief, obsessive thinking, impulsivity and addiction.
I’m a licensed mental health counselor who specializes in helping people of all ages and identities move beyond conditioned habits of thinking and behaving through the development of self awareness, self acceptance and self-nurturing behaviors. I enjoy supporting people overcome issues related to anxiety, depression, self-confidence, trauma, grief, obsessive thinking, impulsivity and addiction.
(413) 418-3437 View (413) 418-3437

See more therapy options for Orange

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Orange, MA

10+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Orange, MA who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
94% Depression
83% Trauma and PTSD
72% Self Esteem
56% Stress
50% Relationship Issues
50% Grief

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

89% BlueCross and BlueShield
83% Aetna
78% Tufts

How Therapists in Orange, MA see their clients

77% Online Only
23% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

79% Female
21% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Orange?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.