Trauma and PTSD Therapists in Northbridge, MA

Photo of Ronnie McKenney II, LMHC, Counselor
Ronnie McKenney II
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Northbridge, MA 01534  (Online Only)
I am trained in EMDR and Trauma-focused CBT.
*NEW CLIENTS ACCEPTED via TELEHEALTH* Ever feel like you have a way to do something, and though it does not work the way it seems like it should, you feel it “works for you?” Do you find that you have a way of behaving and struggle to break free from yourself? I find that humans act in patterns. We think about a problem and act in a way that is the most comfortable to us and tend to repeat these patterns regardless of the result. I work with people living with depression, anxiety, trauma, anger concerns, separation/loss/grief issues, and people coping with discrimination.
I am trained in EMDR and Trauma-focused CBT.
*NEW CLIENTS ACCEPTED via TELEHEALTH* Ever feel like you have a way to do something, and though it does not work the way it seems like it should, you feel it “works for you?” Do you find that you have a way of behaving and struggle to break free from yourself? I find that humans act in patterns. We think about a problem and act in a way that is the most comfortable to us and tend to repeat these patterns regardless of the result. I work with people living with depression, anxiety, trauma, anger concerns, separation/loss/grief issues, and people coping with discrimination.
(508) 538-3760 View (508) 538-3760
Photo of Jennifer Denaro, PsyD, Psychologist
Jennifer Denaro
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northbridge, MA 01534
Waitlist for new clients
My approach to treatment is empathetic and integrative. I have many years of experience as a psychologist. I provide a safe, warm, and supportive environment in therapy where one might effectively cultivate lasting change. I provide individual and family therapy in both short and long term modalities to people with a variety of presenting problems across the lifespan. I use evidenced-based treatments, taking into careful consideration the unique needs of each person. I am skilled in cognitive behavioral techniques, acceptance & commitment therapy (ACT), trauma-informed therapy (PE, ARC, TF-CBT), and DBT-informed interventions.
My approach to treatment is empathetic and integrative. I have many years of experience as a psychologist. I provide a safe, warm, and supportive environment in therapy where one might effectively cultivate lasting change. I provide individual and family therapy in both short and long term modalities to people with a variety of presenting problems across the lifespan. I use evidenced-based treatments, taking into careful consideration the unique needs of each person. I am skilled in cognitive behavioral techniques, acceptance & commitment therapy (ACT), trauma-informed therapy (PE, ARC, TF-CBT), and DBT-informed interventions.
(508) 433-3149 View (508) 433-3149
Photo of Dawn Marie McCarthy, Counselor
Dawn Marie McCarthy
Counselor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northbridge, MA 01534
Teaching people to break the cycle that causes distress, learn new skills through self-awareness and build relationships with strength, love, and trust.
Teaching people to break the cycle that causes distress, learn new skills through self-awareness and build relationships with strength, love, and trust.
(508) 306-8789 View (508) 306-8789
Photo of Jeanie Marino, DSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jeanie Marino
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Northbridge, MA 01534  (Online Only)
Life isn't without challenges, but you don't have to go at it alone. I believe that developing an open and honest connection is the foundation of a therapeutic relationship. My approach is warm and friendly with a sense of humor while promoting a safe and supportive environment to assist you in fostering growth and healing. I utilize active listening, cognitive behavioral therapy, and strength-based methods to support working through life challenges. Taking a leap of faith and reaching out for support can be overwhelming and scary. Let me help you take that first step towards a healthier more manageable lifestyle.
Life isn't without challenges, but you don't have to go at it alone. I believe that developing an open and honest connection is the foundation of a therapeutic relationship. My approach is warm and friendly with a sense of humor while promoting a safe and supportive environment to assist you in fostering growth and healing. I utilize active listening, cognitive behavioral therapy, and strength-based methods to support working through life challenges. Taking a leap of faith and reaching out for support can be overwhelming and scary. Let me help you take that first step towards a healthier more manageable lifestyle.
(508) 500-1538 View (508) 500-1538
Photo of Christina Cronin, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Christina Cronin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Northbridge, MA 01534  (Online Only)
I am an experienced practitioner with over 16 years in the clinical social work field. I enjoy working with older teens and young adults working on transitional issues as well as people of all ages struggling with mood disorders, life stressors, relationship struggles, redefining life goals or other adjustments to change. I also work with couples to enhance communication and navigate barriers to a healthy relationship. I use many CBT techniques as well as meditation and other relaxation practices to enhance sessions. I am licensed in Massachusetts and in Florida, currently offering telemedicine sessions.
I am an experienced practitioner with over 16 years in the clinical social work field. I enjoy working with older teens and young adults working on transitional issues as well as people of all ages struggling with mood disorders, life stressors, relationship struggles, redefining life goals or other adjustments to change. I also work with couples to enhance communication and navigate barriers to a healthy relationship. I use many CBT techniques as well as meditation and other relaxation practices to enhance sessions. I am licensed in Massachusetts and in Florida, currently offering telemedicine sessions.
(774) 252-9902 View (774) 252-9902

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Nadine Lucas, CAGS, LMHC, RPT, Counselor
Nadine Lucas
Counselor, CAGS, LMHC, RPT
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury, MA 01545
Waitlist for new clients
When we are burdened by depression, anxiety, trauma, anger, fear, doubt, or insecurity, our ability to connect to the Authentic Self may become blocked.
The Authentic Self radiates divine, healing energy, and innate wisdom. It is our source of loving, compassionate energy that heals all dis-ease in our bodies, minds, and emotions. Some aspects of your Authentic Self include compassion, clarity, confidence, courage, patience, persistence, perspective, playfulness, gratitude, and curiosity. My intention, with profound curiosity, is to help you reconnect to your Authentic Self and rediscover the answers already within you, which may help ease your pain and suffering. This is called Internal Family Systems Therapy. I also offer group therapy for Eating Disorders and Women.
When we are burdened by depression, anxiety, trauma, anger, fear, doubt, or insecurity, our ability to connect to the Authentic Self may become blocked.
The Authentic Self radiates divine, healing energy, and innate wisdom. It is our source of loving, compassionate energy that heals all dis-ease in our bodies, minds, and emotions. Some aspects of your Authentic Self include compassion, clarity, confidence, courage, patience, persistence, perspective, playfulness, gratitude, and curiosity. My intention, with profound curiosity, is to help you reconnect to your Authentic Self and rediscover the answers already within you, which may help ease your pain and suffering. This is called Internal Family Systems Therapy. I also offer group therapy for Eating Disorders and Women.
(774) 757-6134 View (774) 757-6134
Photo of Zaza S Sakhat - Chrysalis Therapy and Wellness, LICSW, SEP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Chrysalis Therapy and Wellness
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, SEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shrewsbury, MA 01545
Like a butterfly emerging into life, a child requires safety, care, and attunement. I believe in supporting child and adolescent emotional growth and developmental processes throughout the life cycle especially when hardships are faced, such as, trauma, bullying, anxiety, and other concerns. My approach is collaborative as I work closely with the parents, schools, and other collaterals involved to enhance over all well-being in every capacity of the child's environment. Always stemming from a strength-based perspective, using Play and Expressive Art Therapies, Cognitive and Dialectical Behavioral Therapies, and Somatic Experiencing.
Like a butterfly emerging into life, a child requires safety, care, and attunement. I believe in supporting child and adolescent emotional growth and developmental processes throughout the life cycle especially when hardships are faced, such as, trauma, bullying, anxiety, and other concerns. My approach is collaborative as I work closely with the parents, schools, and other collaterals involved to enhance over all well-being in every capacity of the child's environment. Always stemming from a strength-based perspective, using Play and Expressive Art Therapies, Cognitive and Dialectical Behavioral Therapies, and Somatic Experiencing.
(508) 659-5057 View (508) 659-5057
Photo of Amanda Russo-Folco, LMHC, Counselor
Amanda Russo-Folco
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Worcester, MA 01604  (Online Only)
Welcome! I am so happy you’re here. I am a licensed mental health counselor working with individuals struggling with a variety of mental health disorders such as anxiety, depression, trauma, low self-esteem, and identity/life challenges. In sessions, we will work together to identify and address any challenges/stressors you may be facing, and develop skills and strategies to manage your symptoms and improve your overall well-being. I also strive to empower my clients to take an active role in their own healing journey, and to help them develop a greater understanding of themselves and their relationships.
Welcome! I am so happy you’re here. I am a licensed mental health counselor working with individuals struggling with a variety of mental health disorders such as anxiety, depression, trauma, low self-esteem, and identity/life challenges. In sessions, we will work together to identify and address any challenges/stressors you may be facing, and develop skills and strategies to manage your symptoms and improve your overall well-being. I also strive to empower my clients to take an active role in their own healing journey, and to help them develop a greater understanding of themselves and their relationships.
(774) 341-4670 View (774) 341-4670
Photo of Catherine Pearce Campbell, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Catherine Pearce Campbell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Milford, MA 01757
I have experience working with adults in addressing depression, anxiety, trauma, relationship issues, stress management and substances.
I work together with clients to help them achieve greater fulfillment and satisfaction in their lives. Together we identify strengths and develop the skills needed to navigate and manage life challenges. I work well with all ages and have many years of experience working in the mental health system. I enjoy working with my clients and am very flexible in my approach.
I have experience working with adults in addressing depression, anxiety, trauma, relationship issues, stress management and substances.
I work together with clients to help them achieve greater fulfillment and satisfaction in their lives. Together we identify strengths and develop the skills needed to navigate and manage life challenges. I work well with all ages and have many years of experience working in the mental health system. I enjoy working with my clients and am very flexible in my approach.
(508) 213-8277 View (508) 213-8277
Photo of Tatiana Martins - Black Rock Counseling and Wellness, LMHC, Counselor
Black Rock Counseling and Wellness
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Millbury, MA 01527  (Online Only)
Are you feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, stress, or depression? Struggling with relationship difficulties, trauma, or self-esteem issues? If you're ready to commit to personal growth and mental well-being, I’m here to help you navigate these challenges and find your path to a healthier, happier life. For the past 12 years, I've been dedicated to supporting individuals from diverse cultures and backgrounds in exploring their inner worlds and making positive changes. My clients can expect a compassionate, client-centered approach.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, stress, or depression? Struggling with relationship difficulties, trauma, or self-esteem issues? If you're ready to commit to personal growth and mental well-being, I’m here to help you navigate these challenges and find your path to a healthier, happier life. For the past 12 years, I've been dedicated to supporting individuals from diverse cultures and backgrounds in exploring their inner worlds and making positive changes. My clients can expect a compassionate, client-centered approach.
(508) 452-2785 View (508) 452-2785
Photo of Stephanie Stilla-Petrie, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Stephanie Stilla-Petrie
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Millbury, MA 01527
Not accepting new clients
Working in a variety of settings over many years, I have developed an expertise in many different areas including but not limited to trauma, autism spectrum disorders, developmental transitions, depression, anxiety, parenting, grief, prenatal and postnatal loss, and sexual identity.
Everyday living is not without stressors. How we react to events or interact in relationships can be a struggle as well as puzzling. Why do we feel the way we do? Why do we continue to make the same mistakes over and over again? How can our perceptions be so different from others? How do early experiences impact our perceptions, feelings, and behaviors? I provide a safe, comforting environment for you to explore and reflect on your past and recent experiences, feelings, and relationships. My approach is to facilitate change based on your expressed needs and goals.
Working in a variety of settings over many years, I have developed an expertise in many different areas including but not limited to trauma, autism spectrum disorders, developmental transitions, depression, anxiety, parenting, grief, prenatal and postnatal loss, and sexual identity.
Everyday living is not without stressors. How we react to events or interact in relationships can be a struggle as well as puzzling. Why do we feel the way we do? Why do we continue to make the same mistakes over and over again? How can our perceptions be so different from others? How do early experiences impact our perceptions, feelings, and behaviors? I provide a safe, comforting environment for you to explore and reflect on your past and recent experiences, feelings, and relationships. My approach is to facilitate change based on your expressed needs and goals.
(508) 401-7291 View (508) 401-7291
Photo of Mary K. Benjamin, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mary K. Benjamin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Uxbridge, MA 01569  (Online Only)
For trauma and abuse survivors, I have been trained in Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Trauma Systems Therapy.
"Courage doesn't always roar. Sometimes courage is the little voice at the end of the day that says I'll try again tomorrow." - Mary Anne Radmacher I look for my patients to experience therapy as an exciting, engaging and thought-provoking process of self-discovery and personal growth. I strive to work collaboratively with my patients to help them move toward a deeper understanding of the self, leading to lasting emotional and behavioral change.
For trauma and abuse survivors, I have been trained in Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Trauma Systems Therapy.
"Courage doesn't always roar. Sometimes courage is the little voice at the end of the day that says I'll try again tomorrow." - Mary Anne Radmacher I look for my patients to experience therapy as an exciting, engaging and thought-provoking process of self-discovery and personal growth. I strive to work collaboratively with my patients to help them move toward a deeper understanding of the self, leading to lasting emotional and behavioral change.
(508) 714-4364 View (508) 714-4364
Photo of Yolanda Cavicchio, LMHC, Counselor
Yolanda Cavicchio
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Worcester, MA 01604  (Online Only)
I believe at the end of the day what matters to people is whether or not they feel good about the life they are living. My practice is centered around helping people feel more connected to their inner and outer worlds, with a sense of empowerment. Together we tune in to what you feel is holding you back from the life you want, and how to move forward into that vision. I have 7+ years working with addiction, trauma, anxiety, depression, life transitions, relationship patterns, and experiences relating to LGBTQA+ and BIPOC communities
I believe at the end of the day what matters to people is whether or not they feel good about the life they are living. My practice is centered around helping people feel more connected to their inner and outer worlds, with a sense of empowerment. Together we tune in to what you feel is holding you back from the life you want, and how to move forward into that vision. I have 7+ years working with addiction, trauma, anxiety, depression, life transitions, relationship patterns, and experiences relating to LGBTQA+ and BIPOC communities
(774) 220-8067 View (774) 220-8067
Photo of Vinnie Cappetta, PhD, LMHC, Counselor
Vinnie Cappetta
Counselor, PhD, LMHC
Verified Verified
Hopkinton, MA 01748
Are you feeling stuck or lost due to grief or trauma? Do past memories hinder your progress? Are worries about the future preventing you from living in the present? Do you react intensely to situations? Losing hope? Time alone won't help; action is crucial. Take charge of your emotional life. I offer specialized guidance honed over 28 years. You don't have to face this alone. There's hope and assistance available.
Are you feeling stuck or lost due to grief or trauma? Do past memories hinder your progress? Are worries about the future preventing you from living in the present? Do you react intensely to situations? Losing hope? Time alone won't help; action is crucial. Take charge of your emotional life. I offer specialized guidance honed over 28 years. You don't have to face this alone. There's hope and assistance available.
(774) 278-5522 View (774) 278-5522
Photo of Laura Polvino, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Laura Polvino
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury, MA 01545
Not accepting new clients
With 20+ years of experience in the field, I work holistically from a collaborative, strength based approach. I apply specific therapeutic techniques and approaches based on identified client needs including, but not limited to, supportive talk therapy, individual therapy, family therapy, wellness strategies, psychoeducation around systems and mental health issues, parental guidance/support work, narrative therapy, and trauma work. I am specifically trained and certified in EFT/tapping, EMDR, and CBT. In practice, I meet you where you are, and use my experience to help guide you to where you want to be.
With 20+ years of experience in the field, I work holistically from a collaborative, strength based approach. I apply specific therapeutic techniques and approaches based on identified client needs including, but not limited to, supportive talk therapy, individual therapy, family therapy, wellness strategies, psychoeducation around systems and mental health issues, parental guidance/support work, narrative therapy, and trauma work. I am specifically trained and certified in EFT/tapping, EMDR, and CBT. In practice, I meet you where you are, and use my experience to help guide you to where you want to be.
(508) 300-9662 View (508) 300-9662
Photo of Melissa Fijol - Melissa L. Fijol, LMHC, LMHC, MS, Counselor
Melissa L. Fijol, LMHC
Counselor, LMHC, MS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Millbury, MA 01527
Not accepting new clients
I have extensive experience in the areas of trauma, grief, attachment, mood and adjustment disorders, dissociative disorders, anxiety, and managing life stressors.
Current hours of practice-Mon thru Thurs, 7a.m.-2 p.m./Fri-7-12. Clients must be able to meet during this time frame; no afternoon or evening sessions. Adults/Individuals only. (Combination of telehealth and in person sessions; platform Doxy.me is utilized for telehealth). Treatment focus includes CBT, mindfulness, trauma informed care (PTSD/complex/developmental/attachment trauma); other treatment modalities are utilized based on client's needs; eclectic range of therapeutic interventions used.
I have extensive experience in the areas of trauma, grief, attachment, mood and adjustment disorders, dissociative disorders, anxiety, and managing life stressors.
Current hours of practice-Mon thru Thurs, 7a.m.-2 p.m./Fri-7-12. Clients must be able to meet during this time frame; no afternoon or evening sessions. Adults/Individuals only. (Combination of telehealth and in person sessions; platform Doxy.me is utilized for telehealth). Treatment focus includes CBT, mindfulness, trauma informed care (PTSD/complex/developmental/attachment trauma); other treatment modalities are utilized based on client's needs; eclectic range of therapeutic interventions used.
(508) 863-4446 View (508) 863-4446
Photo of Julie Y Winnick - Julie Y Winnick, MA LMHC, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Julie Y Winnick, MA LMHC
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Shrewsbury, MA 01545  (Online Only)
I also have extensive experience working with Depressive Disorders, trauma and transitional conflicts.
My empathic and supportive nature allows me to build productive therapeutic relationships in which clients discover paths to surpass their obstacles. I coordinate my expertise with clients' style of coping in order to create action strategies that best suit their needs. I find it important for my clients to feel they are empowered in their treatment, in turn feeling a sense of pride and renewal in their lives. I work with clients to find a balance in their lives by focusing on themselves, emotionally, physically and intellectually.
I also have extensive experience working with Depressive Disorders, trauma and transitional conflicts.
My empathic and supportive nature allows me to build productive therapeutic relationships in which clients discover paths to surpass their obstacles. I coordinate my expertise with clients' style of coping in order to create action strategies that best suit their needs. I find it important for my clients to feel they are empowered in their treatment, in turn feeling a sense of pride and renewal in their lives. I work with clients to find a balance in their lives by focusing on themselves, emotionally, physically and intellectually.
(978) 956-0990 View (978) 956-0990
Photo of Renee Levant, LMHC, Counselor
Renee Levant
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Worcester, MA 01604  (Online Only)
I ‘ve worked with people trying to reignite their creativity, those seeking relief from panic attacks, depression or the impact of past trauma on present experience. those working with challenges in relationships & families, dealing with racial trauma or identity or navigating institutions & workplaces. My ideal client is someone who wants to feel seen and heard, who is curious & wants to suffer less, more fully enjoy their life & relationships and be empowered to make their unique contribution to the world. I particularly welcome BIPOC clients, mixed race as I am, the neuro-diverse, & those who seek to do good for others.
I ‘ve worked with people trying to reignite their creativity, those seeking relief from panic attacks, depression or the impact of past trauma on present experience. those working with challenges in relationships & families, dealing with racial trauma or identity or navigating institutions & workplaces. My ideal client is someone who wants to feel seen and heard, who is curious & wants to suffer less, more fully enjoy their life & relationships and be empowered to make their unique contribution to the world. I particularly welcome BIPOC clients, mixed race as I am, the neuro-diverse, & those who seek to do good for others.
(413) 299-2408 View (413) 299-2408
Photo of Martina Crane, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Martina Crane
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shrewsbury, MA 01545  (Online Only)
Schedule a session today! I am passionate about and experienced in working with survivors of abuse and complex trauma, the LGBTQ+ community, and issues related to oppression and activism. My work is deeply grounded in anti-oppression and equity, and the belief that therapy is about empowerment, permission to be and celebration of our authentic selves, and ultimately turning our pain into our purpose.
Schedule a session today! I am passionate about and experienced in working with survivors of abuse and complex trauma, the LGBTQ+ community, and issues related to oppression and activism. My work is deeply grounded in anti-oppression and equity, and the belief that therapy is about empowerment, permission to be and celebration of our authentic selves, and ultimately turning our pain into our purpose.
(508) 306-8799 View (508) 306-8799
Photo of Maggie Platt, LMHC, Counselor
Maggie Platt
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Shrewsbury, MA 01545
Not accepting new clients
I have a trauma specialization and further training in TF-CBT (Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) and Exposure Therapy.
Are you looking for a coachy therapist? or a therapisty coach? Are you feeling not heard or seen in your relationships? Have you not accomplished your goals - personally or professionally? I enjoy working collaboratively with motivated adults looking to understand the barriers to full expression and fulfillment in their lives. I tend to be direct and engage in lots of active dialogue in order to provide alternative viewpoints from which people gain insight and grow to achieve their goals. I believe we are all perfect, and life events interrupt our belief of that. We can heal this belief through exploration and understanding.
I have a trauma specialization and further training in TF-CBT (Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) and Exposure Therapy.
Are you looking for a coachy therapist? or a therapisty coach? Are you feeling not heard or seen in your relationships? Have you not accomplished your goals - personally or professionally? I enjoy working collaboratively with motivated adults looking to understand the barriers to full expression and fulfillment in their lives. I tend to be direct and engage in lots of active dialogue in order to provide alternative viewpoints from which people gain insight and grow to achieve their goals. I believe we are all perfect, and life events interrupt our belief of that. We can heal this belief through exploration and understanding.
(774) 206-9656 View (774) 206-9656

See more therapy options for Northbridge

Trauma and PTSD Therapists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.