Domestic Abuse Therapists in Newton Centre, MA

Photo of Sharon W Hoffman, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sharon W Hoffman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Newton Centre, MA 02459  (Online Only)
Sometimes things in your life may feel too hard to handle on your own. Too often people don't feel seen or understood by others. If you are tired of working with a therapist who just sits and says "uh uh", if you feel stuck, unable to heal , repair, and navigate the path to make better choices and confront what you have avoided, then my approach which has been highly successful for my clients can help you move forward to feel healthier and happier.. Whether long standing issues or reactions to recent stressors, my role is that you feel welcomed, safe, supported and start building new strategies from our first visit.
Sometimes things in your life may feel too hard to handle on your own. Too often people don't feel seen or understood by others. If you are tired of working with a therapist who just sits and says "uh uh", if you feel stuck, unable to heal , repair, and navigate the path to make better choices and confront what you have avoided, then my approach which has been highly successful for my clients can help you move forward to feel healthier and happier.. Whether long standing issues or reactions to recent stressors, my role is that you feel welcomed, safe, supported and start building new strategies from our first visit.
(617) 505-4060 View (617) 505-4060
Photo of Kellyann Langdon, MA, LMHC, PLLC, Counselor
Kellyann Langdon
Counselor, MA, LMHC, PLLC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Newton Centre, MA 02459
Life's journey is full of crisis, loss, grief, relationship issues and trauma. These experiences affect how a person functions in terms of perspective, thoughts, beliefs, behaviors, coping, choices, relationships, self-perception, moods, stress reactions and symptoms. If these experiences are left unresolved, they lead to physical, mental, emotional, spiritual problems, which accumulate whether or not one is aware that is happening. My dedication, experience and empathy provide clients with a safe, compassionate, nonjudgmental and trusting relationship where each client receives the understanding and helpful tools feel relief.
Life's journey is full of crisis, loss, grief, relationship issues and trauma. These experiences affect how a person functions in terms of perspective, thoughts, beliefs, behaviors, coping, choices, relationships, self-perception, moods, stress reactions and symptoms. If these experiences are left unresolved, they lead to physical, mental, emotional, spiritual problems, which accumulate whether or not one is aware that is happening. My dedication, experience and empathy provide clients with a safe, compassionate, nonjudgmental and trusting relationship where each client receives the understanding and helpful tools feel relief.
(781) 512-6998 View (781) 512-6998
Photo of Susan E Norman, LICSW, BCD, QCSW, ACSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Susan E Norman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, BCD, QCSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
Newton Centre, MA 02459
As a Board Certified Diplomate in Clinical Social Work with 30 years experience, I've worked in hospitals, clinics, guidance centers, courts, and on psychiatric emergency teams. I have advanced training in eating disorders&depression and have consulted to the community on issues of ADHD, obesity,alcoholism, grief,parenting, geriatric care and trained graduate students from area colleges in short/ long term psychotherapy. The foundation of my training is psychodynamic. Additional training in cognitive behavior, family systems, and coaching, has created an integrated approach to my treatment of individuals, couples,and families. Careful assessment determines which approach best suits each patient.
As a Board Certified Diplomate in Clinical Social Work with 30 years experience, I've worked in hospitals, clinics, guidance centers, courts, and on psychiatric emergency teams. I have advanced training in eating disorders&depression and have consulted to the community on issues of ADHD, obesity,alcoholism, grief,parenting, geriatric care and trained graduate students from area colleges in short/ long term psychotherapy. The foundation of my training is psychodynamic. Additional training in cognitive behavior, family systems, and coaching, has created an integrated approach to my treatment of individuals, couples,and families. Careful assessment determines which approach best suits each patient.
(617) 446-3125 View (617) 446-3125
Photo of Taylor Lombard, LMHC, R-DMT, CIEC, Counselor
Taylor Lombard
Counselor, LMHC, R-DMT, CIEC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newton Centre, MA 02459
Fall 2024 - Accepting New Clients! Throughout life, we experience many transitions and challenges that are difficult to navigate. Sometimes, we need support in identifying and removing the barriers that can hold us back. I believe therapy is a collaborative effort between therapist and client and that we work together as a team to meet your goals. I utilize a strength-based, multicultural-informed and feminist lens to empower my clients to develop insight and bring out their inner resiliencies.
Fall 2024 - Accepting New Clients! Throughout life, we experience many transitions and challenges that are difficult to navigate. Sometimes, we need support in identifying and removing the barriers that can hold us back. I believe therapy is a collaborative effort between therapist and client and that we work together as a team to meet your goals. I utilize a strength-based, multicultural-informed and feminist lens to empower my clients to develop insight and bring out their inner resiliencies.
(617) 398-4217 View (617) 398-4217
Photo of Mika Nitta, MA, PsyD, Psychologist
Mika Nitta
Psychologist, MA, PsyD
Verified Verified
Newton Centre, MA 02459
I consider that answers are within clients, not in therapists, and I am here to help you find your own answers. My approach is truly eclectic, since I have deeply studied each of various methods, including psychodynamic, humanistic, person-centered, relational focused, Jungian, and cognitive & behavioral approaches. The approach is chosen based on my client's conditions, needs, and the stage of changes at that time. I also sometimes provide information about the connections among the brain, the nervous system, body conditions, and thoughts/emotions/behaviors.
I consider that answers are within clients, not in therapists, and I am here to help you find your own answers. My approach is truly eclectic, since I have deeply studied each of various methods, including psychodynamic, humanistic, person-centered, relational focused, Jungian, and cognitive & behavioral approaches. The approach is chosen based on my client's conditions, needs, and the stage of changes at that time. I also sometimes provide information about the connections among the brain, the nervous system, body conditions, and thoughts/emotions/behaviors.
(508) 466-7505 View (508) 466-7505

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Jordana Nolan, LMHC, MEd, Counselor
Jordana Nolan
Counselor, LMHC, MEd
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Newton, MA 02456
Intimate partner violence and domestic abuse are very sensitive topics.
I am an LMHC whose aim is to create an empathetic and empowering therapeutic environment for each individual. I tailor treatment to the unique needs and strengths of each person by flexibly integrating techniques from a variety of clinical frameworks including psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral and dialectical behavioral therapy. Through the collaborative work conducted in treatment, I strive to enhance an individual’s insight into his/her struggles, cultivate resolutions that improve quality of life, bolster self-esteem, and establish skills to manage symptoms adaptively.
Intimate partner violence and domestic abuse are very sensitive topics.
I am an LMHC whose aim is to create an empathetic and empowering therapeutic environment for each individual. I tailor treatment to the unique needs and strengths of each person by flexibly integrating techniques from a variety of clinical frameworks including psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral and dialectical behavioral therapy. Through the collaborative work conducted in treatment, I strive to enhance an individual’s insight into his/her struggles, cultivate resolutions that improve quality of life, bolster self-esteem, and establish skills to manage symptoms adaptively.
(617) 675-5339 View (617) 675-5339
Photo of Stephanie Baird, MS, LMHC, Counselor
Stephanie Baird
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Newton, MA 02456  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Practicing since 1999, I have extensive experience treating PTSD/trauma (sexual abuse/assault, partner violence, etc.) and anxiety with EMDR. I'm an EMDRIA approved consultant (for clinicians), preferring short-term EMDR clients. I have a sexual health certification and am comfortable working with consenting non-monogamy, TGNC, and am kink-aware. We use your strengths to overcome current and historical obstacles, including burnout and life stress. Also, now offering private pay intensive EMDR sessions as my ongoing practice is full. Go to stephaniebairdlmhc.wordpress.com for info. I have a small 2-day a week practice.
Practicing since 1999, I have extensive experience treating PTSD/trauma (sexual abuse/assault, partner violence, etc.) and anxiety with EMDR. I'm an EMDRIA approved consultant (for clinicians), preferring short-term EMDR clients. I have a sexual health certification and am comfortable working with consenting non-monogamy, TGNC, and am kink-aware. We use your strengths to overcome current and historical obstacles, including burnout and life stress. Also, now offering private pay intensive EMDR sessions as my ongoing practice is full. Go to stephaniebairdlmhc.wordpress.com for info. I have a small 2-day a week practice.
(617) 997-0367 View (617) 997-0367
Photo of Stuart N Simon, LICSW, MCC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stuart N Simon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MCC
Verified Verified
Newton, MA 02458
I have extensive experience, expertise and advanced training in: Couples Therapy, Family Therapy, Trauma and Abuse, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression and Anxiety.
I have been practicing psychotherapy with individuals, couples, families and groups for more than 35 years. My style is interactive and my goal is to provide safety and support in creating a collaborative, therapeutic relationship. I use a variety of theoretical approaches with a particuar focus on Gestalt theory to help clients identify the issues that need to be managed or resolved in order to achieve the quality of life they are seeking.
I have extensive experience, expertise and advanced training in: Couples Therapy, Family Therapy, Trauma and Abuse, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression and Anxiety.
I have been practicing psychotherapy with individuals, couples, families and groups for more than 35 years. My style is interactive and my goal is to provide safety and support in creating a collaborative, therapeutic relationship. I use a variety of theoretical approaches with a particuar focus on Gestalt theory to help clients identify the issues that need to be managed or resolved in order to achieve the quality of life they are seeking.
(617) 943-4884 View (617) 943-4884
Photo of Amanda Zurick, PsyD, Psychologist
Amanda Zurick
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Newton Highlands, MA 02461
I am comfortable working with clients on a range of issues including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, domestic violence, infertility, life transitions, trauma, loss, pregnancy, postpartum and premature infants.
I am currently accepting new supervisees. I offer supervision/consultation for mental health professionals pursuing licensure in MA and licensed early career professionals. I believe therapy works best when a client and therapist are able to develop a genuine connection. Change happens in the context of trusting relationships. I strive to provide a warm, empathic and supportive environment that fosters clients' ability to explore their inner experiences and make positive changes in their lives. It is a privilege to hear clients' unique stories and work with people to create the change they want to see in their lives.
I am comfortable working with clients on a range of issues including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, domestic violence, infertility, life transitions, trauma, loss, pregnancy, postpartum and premature infants.
I am currently accepting new supervisees. I offer supervision/consultation for mental health professionals pursuing licensure in MA and licensed early career professionals. I believe therapy works best when a client and therapist are able to develop a genuine connection. Change happens in the context of trusting relationships. I strive to provide a warm, empathic and supportive environment that fosters clients' ability to explore their inner experiences and make positive changes in their lives. It is a privilege to hear clients' unique stories and work with people to create the change they want to see in their lives.
(617) 675-5992 View (617) 675-5992
Photo of Eric Eid-Reiner, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Eric Eid-Reiner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Newton, MA 02459  (Online Only)
Immediate openings — If you’re navigating multiple stressors or a challenging life event, feeling stuck or burned out, or struggling with negative judgments about yourself, I hope you’ll reach out. I'd love to help you reconnect with joy, meaning, self-esteem, or balance in your life! My specialties include grief, substance use, domestic violence survivors, LGBTQ+ clients, and musicians.
Immediate openings — If you’re navigating multiple stressors or a challenging life event, feeling stuck or burned out, or struggling with negative judgments about yourself, I hope you’ll reach out. I'd love to help you reconnect with joy, meaning, self-esteem, or balance in your life! My specialties include grief, substance use, domestic violence survivors, LGBTQ+ clients, and musicians.
(857) 353-6133 View (857) 353-6133
Photo of Jessica Butler, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jessica Butler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newton, MA 02467  (Online Only)
I have worked with many individuals and families that struggle with depression, anxiety, interpersonal relationships, substance abuse, and abusive relationships. In addition, I have experience working with children that are struggling with adoption. I specialize in family-systems models, attachment oriented therapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy. By utilizing an individualized insight-oriented approach, I can help both children and adults process emotions and achieve positive progress to reach their goals. I am a strong believer of the mind/body/spirit connection.
I have worked with many individuals and families that struggle with depression, anxiety, interpersonal relationships, substance abuse, and abusive relationships. In addition, I have experience working with children that are struggling with adoption. I specialize in family-systems models, attachment oriented therapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy. By utilizing an individualized insight-oriented approach, I can help both children and adults process emotions and achieve positive progress to reach their goals. I am a strong believer of the mind/body/spirit connection.
(339) 329-7238 View (339) 329-7238
Photo of Garrett Berna, LMHC, Counselor
Garrett Berna
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
West Newton, MA 02465
I am experienced working with depression, anxiety, trauma/PTSD, Bipolar, Autism Spectrum Disorder, grief/loss, Substance Abuse, Schizophrenia, social skills building, self-esteem building, mood disorders, mild to severe behavioral issues, and coping skills.
I have worked with diverse populations and people of all ages ranging from 4-74 years old while working in community mental health. My clinical experience also includes treating children and adolescents with trauma and severe emotional and behavioral issues at two residential schools. I currently focus on children, teens/adolescents, families, and adults. I enjoy working with (and working alongside) athletes, taking a sports psychology approach. I also have a strong history of working well with clients who have not responded/had difficulty engaging in traditional therapy.
I am experienced working with depression, anxiety, trauma/PTSD, Bipolar, Autism Spectrum Disorder, grief/loss, Substance Abuse, Schizophrenia, social skills building, self-esteem building, mood disorders, mild to severe behavioral issues, and coping skills.
I have worked with diverse populations and people of all ages ranging from 4-74 years old while working in community mental health. My clinical experience also includes treating children and adolescents with trauma and severe emotional and behavioral issues at two residential schools. I currently focus on children, teens/adolescents, families, and adults. I enjoy working with (and working alongside) athletes, taking a sports psychology approach. I also have a strong history of working well with clients who have not responded/had difficulty engaging in traditional therapy.
(508) 544-0258 View (508) 544-0258
Photo of Kadian James - Freedom Happy Counseling LLC, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Freedom Happy Counseling LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newton Highlands, MA 02461  (Online Only)
Identifying narcissistic abuse and other forms of emotional and psychological abuse.
Breaking free from emotional and psychological wounds can be harder to heal than physical wounds! Predators come in many forms...some are covert, sneaky and manipulative, while others are bold, in your face and irrefutable! My trauma-informed care & psychoed approach will support you in understanding and processing your trauma and struggles. This, while educating and coaching you on selfcare, selflove and self compassion, as you heal. I'll help you command the boundary boss living within, to emerge. Life gets stressful -I get it! Need help in striking that delicate balance in a world of uncertainties! You're in the right place.
Identifying narcissistic abuse and other forms of emotional and psychological abuse.
Breaking free from emotional and psychological wounds can be harder to heal than physical wounds! Predators come in many forms...some are covert, sneaky and manipulative, while others are bold, in your face and irrefutable! My trauma-informed care & psychoed approach will support you in understanding and processing your trauma and struggles. This, while educating and coaching you on selfcare, selflove and self compassion, as you heal. I'll help you command the boundary boss living within, to emerge. Life gets stressful -I get it! Need help in striking that delicate balance in a world of uncertainties! You're in the right place.
(508) 374-9079 View (508) 374-9079
Photo of Freddie Palmer, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Freddie Palmer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newton, MA 02461
As a former teacher turned therapist, I have developed a strong counseling tool box. I specialize in supporting adolescents/teens and adults find ways to cope with trauma and loss, manage anxiety and depression, develop problem solving strategies and social skills, overcome substance abuse and low self-esteem, and manage family conflict. I am also able to help the individuals I work with to develop executive functioning and advocacy skills at school, home, and in the community. I utilize humor, unconditional positive regard, and curiosity to create a safe and productive space for you to grow.
As a former teacher turned therapist, I have developed a strong counseling tool box. I specialize in supporting adolescents/teens and adults find ways to cope with trauma and loss, manage anxiety and depression, develop problem solving strategies and social skills, overcome substance abuse and low self-esteem, and manage family conflict. I am also able to help the individuals I work with to develop executive functioning and advocacy skills at school, home, and in the community. I utilize humor, unconditional positive regard, and curiosity to create a safe and productive space for you to grow.
(617) 676-0183 View (617) 676-0183
Photo of Beth Rivet, MS, CAGS, LMHC, Counselor
Beth Rivet
Counselor, MS, CAGS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Auburndale, MA 02466  (Online Only)
I want to connect with you to help you address issues that are preventing you from moving forward in your life. I specialize in addiction, domestic violence, depression, and trauma and I want to help my clients identify negative thoughts and maladaptive behavior patterns and understand the impact. Understanding what you can and can't change is part of this equation as is recognizing how your thoughts impact your feelings about yourself and those around you.
I want to connect with you to help you address issues that are preventing you from moving forward in your life. I specialize in addiction, domestic violence, depression, and trauma and I want to help my clients identify negative thoughts and maladaptive behavior patterns and understand the impact. Understanding what you can and can't change is part of this equation as is recognizing how your thoughts impact your feelings about yourself and those around you.
(617) 468-7127 View (617) 468-7127
Photo of Michaela Mendelsohn, PhD, Psychologist
Michaela Mendelsohn
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newton, MA 02459  (Online Only)
I have specialized expertise in the treatment of posttraumatic stress and other problems related to trauma and abuse.
Is anxiety or depression preventing you from living a more fulfilling life? Are you feeling overwhelmed by a major transition? Are you unable to move on from an upsetting or traumatic past experience? I help patients change patterns of behavior that are no longer working, and learn new and more effective ways of coping and engaging with life. I believe that embedded in the painful crises that usually bring individuals and couples to therapy, there are also opportunities for self understanding and mastery that can be discovered and realized in a safe healing relationship.
I have specialized expertise in the treatment of posttraumatic stress and other problems related to trauma and abuse.
Is anxiety or depression preventing you from living a more fulfilling life? Are you feeling overwhelmed by a major transition? Are you unable to move on from an upsetting or traumatic past experience? I help patients change patterns of behavior that are no longer working, and learn new and more effective ways of coping and engaging with life. I believe that embedded in the painful crises that usually bring individuals and couples to therapy, there are also opportunities for self understanding and mastery that can be discovered and realized in a safe healing relationship.
(617) 429-3523 View (617) 429-3523
Photo of Cigdem Kilic Betebenner, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Cigdem Kilic Betebenner
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Newtonville, MA 02460
In addition to one-on-one sessions, I offer three supportive groups focused on healing from narcissistic abuse, building self-esteem, and navigating the dating journey.
You don’t have to endure suffering without hope or support. If you're feeling depressed, anxious, overwhelmed, or struggling with blocked creativity, psychotherapy can help you feel/get better. Since 2008, I have been guiding my clients to overcome their challenges, and I can help you too!
In addition to one-on-one sessions, I offer three supportive groups focused on healing from narcissistic abuse, building self-esteem, and navigating the dating journey.
You don’t have to endure suffering without hope or support. If you're feeling depressed, anxious, overwhelmed, or struggling with blocked creativity, psychotherapy can help you feel/get better. Since 2008, I have been guiding my clients to overcome their challenges, and I can help you too!
(617) 936-8917 View (617) 936-8917
Christine M. Cunningham
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LADC-1
Verified Verified
Newton, MA 02460
I have advanced training and years of experience helping those with substance abuse problems as well as identifying and dealing with the underlying issues that may drive the behaviors. Addictions often go hand in hand with other mental illnesses such as depression, trauma, anxiety, ADHD and bipolar illness. I also have advanced training in ADHD. My methods are non-judgmental and generally holistic, but I know enough about medications to be able to recommend when they may be needed. Life can lead us anywhere and it is my mission to make that a happier place for us all.
I have advanced training and years of experience helping those with substance abuse problems as well as identifying and dealing with the underlying issues that may drive the behaviors. Addictions often go hand in hand with other mental illnesses such as depression, trauma, anxiety, ADHD and bipolar illness. I also have advanced training in ADHD. My methods are non-judgmental and generally holistic, but I know enough about medications to be able to recommend when they may be needed. Life can lead us anywhere and it is my mission to make that a happier place for us all.
(617) 553-6899 View (617) 553-6899
Photo of Megan M Coonce, LMHC, Counselor
Megan M Coonce
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Newton, MA 02460  (Online Only)
I Am Currently Taking New Clients! I offer client centered therapy to individuals seeking relief from suffering or assistance overcoming barriers to success. I work with people to manage difficult relationships, cope with traumatic events, explore spiritual questions, address substance abuse, and for personal and professional development. I often work with young adults and college students with various emotional and academic concerns. Emailing me is the best way to schedule an initial session.
I Am Currently Taking New Clients! I offer client centered therapy to individuals seeking relief from suffering or assistance overcoming barriers to success. I work with people to manage difficult relationships, cope with traumatic events, explore spiritual questions, address substance abuse, and for personal and professional development. I often work with young adults and college students with various emotional and academic concerns. Emailing me is the best way to schedule an initial session.
(617) 849-9880 View (617) 849-9880
Photo of Kaylah Hunter, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kaylah Hunter
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Needham, MA 02494
I primarily work with issues surrounding anxiety, depression, domestic violence, sexual violence, self-esteem, PTSD, attachment styles, and relationship issues.
“When you’re not used to being confident, confidence can feel like arrogance. When you’re used to being passive, assertiveness feels like aggression. When you’re not used to getting your needs met, prioritizing yourself feels selfish. Your comfort zone is not a good benchmark.” - Dr. Vassilia
I primarily work with issues surrounding anxiety, depression, domestic violence, sexual violence, self-esteem, PTSD, attachment styles, and relationship issues.
“When you’re not used to being confident, confidence can feel like arrogance. When you’re used to being passive, assertiveness feels like aggression. When you’re not used to getting your needs met, prioritizing yourself feels selfish. Your comfort zone is not a good benchmark.” - Dr. Vassilia
(469) 389-2068 View (469) 389-2068

See more therapy options for Newton Centre

Domestic Abuse Therapists

What are the most effective ways to recover from domestic abuse?

Leaving an abusive relationship requires tremendous courage, so survivors in treatment should recognize that they have already completed the most important step. Still, the trauma of physical or emotional abuse can be difficult to process and overcome. Therapy can help survivors process trauma, grief, and difficult emotions, treat relevant mental health symptoms, and create a new framework for boundaries and relationships in the future. For some, support groups can also be an invaluable outlet for healing.

When should an individual seek help for domestic abuse?

Victims of intimate partner violence should seek help immediately. It can take substantial time, planning, energy, and courage to leave an abusive relationship, but starting the process—by seeking therapy, calling the domestic violence hotline, or simply confiding in a loved one—will help them get there. Those who have left abusive relationships but haven’t sought treatment can also greatly benefit from therapy to process and heal from the experience.

What are the consequences of staying in an abusive relationship?

Remaining in an abusive relationship has serious repercussions. In addition to the ongoing threat of physical danger and emotional abuse, research shows that intimate partner violence is associated with a range of mental health disorders including depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and substance abuse. Therefore it’s important for individuals in an abusive relationship to seek help as soon as possible.

How can you get domestic abuse treatment for someone else?

It can be very complicated to identify and leave an abusive relationship; barriers include the threat of violence, financial instability, and family pressures. Those concerned about a loved one in an abusive relationship should talk to them about the situation, provide them with resources such as the domestic violence hotline, and introduce the idea of seeing a therapist due to their concern for the person’s safety and well-being.