Psychodynamic Therapists in East Boston, MA

Photo of Jessica Slicer, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jessica Slicer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
East Boston, MA 02128
Hello! I am a trauma therapist currently accepting new clients virtually across Massachusetts and in person in East Boston. I focus on treating motivated adults and teens who want to find new skills and tools for overcoming symptoms of anxiety and trauma and gain more control over your life. If you have been feeling stuck, tense, disorganized or disconnected, I can work with you to heal your nervous system and gain mastery to understand your emotions and behaviors using evidenced-based interventions. My sessions can be a place to vent, process, learn skills, create safety in your body and gain the freedom to move forward.
Hello! I am a trauma therapist currently accepting new clients virtually across Massachusetts and in person in East Boston. I focus on treating motivated adults and teens who want to find new skills and tools for overcoming symptoms of anxiety and trauma and gain more control over your life. If you have been feeling stuck, tense, disorganized or disconnected, I can work with you to heal your nervous system and gain mastery to understand your emotions and behaviors using evidenced-based interventions. My sessions can be a place to vent, process, learn skills, create safety in your body and gain the freedom to move forward.
(857) 663-7860 View (857) 663-7860
Photo of Cross Woodfield, LMHC, MEd
Cross Woodfield
LMHC, MEd
Verified Verified
East Boston, MA 02128  (Online Only)
Have you ever wondered about therapy but didn't know where to begin? Or maybe you've found yourself searching for a therapeutic approach that goes beyond the conventional? In my practice, I invite you to explore these questions and more. Drawing from diverse therapeutic modalities, I offer a welcoming and nurturing space where clients can delve into the depths of their inner world. What if healing wasn't just about addressing symptoms, but about understanding the interconnectedness of mind, body, and identity?
Have you ever wondered about therapy but didn't know where to begin? Or maybe you've found yourself searching for a therapeutic approach that goes beyond the conventional? In my practice, I invite you to explore these questions and more. Drawing from diverse therapeutic modalities, I offer a welcoming and nurturing space where clients can delve into the depths of their inner world. What if healing wasn't just about addressing symptoms, but about understanding the interconnectedness of mind, body, and identity?
(781) 429-3538 View (781) 429-3538
Photo of Annette C Mooney, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Annette C Mooney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
East Boston, MA 02128
Waitlist for new clients
All sessions available in English and Spanish. Through my own and shared life experiences, I have come to know many perspectives throughout the world. Underlying the richness and uniqueness of each culture - racial, ethnic, familial, and all the nuance of what defines us - I have learned there is a common longing: to not only live but to thrive in life; to give and to receive; to have purpose and to know it. Challenges are a given along life’s journey. Contrary to what many believe, to seek help does not make one weak but rather, on some level indicates one is willing and capable of growth and, as needed, of change.
All sessions available in English and Spanish. Through my own and shared life experiences, I have come to know many perspectives throughout the world. Underlying the richness and uniqueness of each culture - racial, ethnic, familial, and all the nuance of what defines us - I have learned there is a common longing: to not only live but to thrive in life; to give and to receive; to have purpose and to know it. Challenges are a given along life’s journey. Contrary to what many believe, to seek help does not make one weak but rather, on some level indicates one is willing and capable of growth and, as needed, of change.
(857) 384-5167 View (857) 384-5167
Photo of Bianca Deeb, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Bianca Deeb
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
East Boston, MA 02128
“If you want to go fast go alone. If you want to go far go together.”
“If you want to go fast go alone. If you want to go far go together.”
(617) 539-2102 View (617) 539-2102
Photo of Doryam Massimo, LMHC, Counselor
Doryam Massimo
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
East Boston, MA 02228  (Online Only)
Hello! Hola ! Therapy in English and Spanish.Life brings up various experiences which bring a whole range of emotions and behaviors. Sometimes we feel overwhelmed and lost. We doubt ourselves, feel anxious, depressed, sleepless, stressed etc, which impact our relationships and daily routine. At this point, looking for support seems the best way to find answers. La vida trae experiencias y vivencias emocionales. Algunas veces nos sentimos perdidos y con dudas. Experimentamos ansiedad, tristeza, insomnia, etc, que afectan nuestra relaciones y diario vivir. En este momento, buscar soporte parece la mejor opción para encontrar solución.
Hello! Hola ! Therapy in English and Spanish.Life brings up various experiences which bring a whole range of emotions and behaviors. Sometimes we feel overwhelmed and lost. We doubt ourselves, feel anxious, depressed, sleepless, stressed etc, which impact our relationships and daily routine. At this point, looking for support seems the best way to find answers. La vida trae experiencias y vivencias emocionales. Algunas veces nos sentimos perdidos y con dudas. Experimentamos ansiedad, tristeza, insomnia, etc, que afectan nuestra relaciones y diario vivir. En este momento, buscar soporte parece la mejor opción para encontrar solución.
(617) 231-9913 View (617) 231-9913
Photo of Tyler Smith Buckhout - Tyler Buckhout, LICSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tyler Buckhout, LICSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
East Boston, MA 02128  (Online Only)
Accepting New Clients: Anxiety, worry, the pandemic, and isolation affect us all. Through experience and knowledge, my therapeutic style will effectively address you as a human first. I am a competent counselor, a twin, and a friendly face - all labels worn in my approach with pride. With these identifiers and years of experience, most clients find therapy with me rewarding and long-lasting. If you're looking for authentic, empathetic, and direct, let's set up a time to chat.
Accepting New Clients: Anxiety, worry, the pandemic, and isolation affect us all. Through experience and knowledge, my therapeutic style will effectively address you as a human first. I am a competent counselor, a twin, and a friendly face - all labels worn in my approach with pride. With these identifiers and years of experience, most clients find therapy with me rewarding and long-lasting. If you're looking for authentic, empathetic, and direct, let's set up a time to chat.
(617) 675-9393 View (617) 675-9393

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Lily Meller, MA, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lily Meller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360  (Online Only)
Hi, I’m Lily Meller, and I'm a board-certified clinical psychotherapist in CA and MA specializing in teletherapy for individuals experiencing anxiety, relationship issues, life transitions and the stress of medical diagnoses. As I work with clients who are anxious or engage in rigid thinking, I strive to grow a capacity for openness, curiosity, calm and joy. I have extensive experience in psychodynamic psychotherapy, which considers the roots of our emotions and how we may engage in patterns that don’t serve us; cognitive-behavioral therapy, which provides tools to use in everyday life; and mindfulness to experience life more fully.
Hi, I’m Lily Meller, and I'm a board-certified clinical psychotherapist in CA and MA specializing in teletherapy for individuals experiencing anxiety, relationship issues, life transitions and the stress of medical diagnoses. As I work with clients who are anxious or engage in rigid thinking, I strive to grow a capacity for openness, curiosity, calm and joy. I have extensive experience in psychodynamic psychotherapy, which considers the roots of our emotions and how we may engage in patterns that don’t serve us; cognitive-behavioral therapy, which provides tools to use in everyday life; and mindfulness to experience life more fully.
(617) 882-7463 View (617) 882-7463
Photo of Jennifer Mello, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer Mello
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360
My therapeutic style encompasses a broad range of techniques but focuses on psychodynamic and relational approaches to treatment.
Seeking therapy can be a difficult step for most, but is often the first step towards healing and growth. With a specialty in trauma work, I provide a place of support to children, adolescents, adults and couples who are experiencing challenges with relationships, anxiety/depression, boundary formation, and grief. I believe in clients being the experts of their own experiences and offer a safe and supportive environment to explore opportunities for change and to establish new skills to support overall mental health and wellness.
My therapeutic style encompasses a broad range of techniques but focuses on psychodynamic and relational approaches to treatment.
Seeking therapy can be a difficult step for most, but is often the first step towards healing and growth. With a specialty in trauma work, I provide a place of support to children, adolescents, adults and couples who are experiencing challenges with relationships, anxiety/depression, boundary formation, and grief. I believe in clients being the experts of their own experiences and offer a safe and supportive environment to explore opportunities for change and to establish new skills to support overall mental health and wellness.
(774) 773-6055 View (774) 773-6055
Photo of Rachel Johnson, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachel Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360  (Online Only)
My therapeutic approach blends psychodynamic, relational, and cognitive-behavioral theories, emphasizing strengths, collaboration, and self-exploration.
Welcome! I’m so glad you are here. I specialize in couples therapy, guiding relationships towards healing and improved communication. My expertise also extends to supporting parents through fertility, pregnancy, and the postpartum transition. I create a safe, validating environment where clients feel deeply heard. Each session reflects my commitment to fostering understanding and empowerment in daily life.
My therapeutic approach blends psychodynamic, relational, and cognitive-behavioral theories, emphasizing strengths, collaboration, and self-exploration.
Welcome! I’m so glad you are here. I specialize in couples therapy, guiding relationships towards healing and improved communication. My expertise also extends to supporting parents through fertility, pregnancy, and the postpartum transition. I create a safe, validating environment where clients feel deeply heard. Each session reflects my commitment to fostering understanding and empowerment in daily life.
(617) 744-7897 View (617) 744-7897
Photo of Ruth C Rowbotham, PsyD, Psychologist
Ruth C Rowbotham
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Duxbury, MA 02332  (Online Only)
I employ a combination of psychodynamic, relational and developmental approaches to long-term, insight-oriented work but rely on methods and strategies from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) for symptom management and building coping techniques in the short term.
How do you decide it's time to seek help through psychotherapy? For many people, the decision is clear; a significant event occurs or disruptive symptoms arise. For others, the decision is less obvious-maybe you haven't been feeling like yourself lately, you worry more than others or just sense that things could be better. As a client-centered therapist, I work with clients on their goals and to join them on their journey to wellness. I offer clinical expertise to provide guidance, new perspectives, and to raise awareness of underlying issues that may be behind current problems.
I employ a combination of psychodynamic, relational and developmental approaches to long-term, insight-oriented work but rely on methods and strategies from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) for symptom management and building coping techniques in the short term.
How do you decide it's time to seek help through psychotherapy? For many people, the decision is clear; a significant event occurs or disruptive symptoms arise. For others, the decision is less obvious-maybe you haven't been feeling like yourself lately, you worry more than others or just sense that things could be better. As a client-centered therapist, I work with clients on their goals and to join them on their journey to wellness. I offer clinical expertise to provide guidance, new perspectives, and to raise awareness of underlying issues that may be behind current problems.
(617) 606-9749 View (617) 606-9749
Photo of William Packard, PhD, PsyA, LMHC, Counselor
William Packard
Counselor, PhD, PsyA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Duxbury, MA 02332
Dr. Packard is a Modern Psychoanalyst and Licensed Mental Health Clinician. He has demonstrated an unique ability to integrate various forms of therapy into one unified approach; a blend of cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic therapy for problems of everyday life. Why use Integrative Psychotherapy? Most clinicians know that no one single theory or therapy works for all clients, all problems or situations. However, the vast majority of therapists strongly adhere to one particular approach which is fine if their approach matches the client they are seeing, the problem they are treating, where the client is in treatment, and so forth.
Dr. Packard is a Modern Psychoanalyst and Licensed Mental Health Clinician. He has demonstrated an unique ability to integrate various forms of therapy into one unified approach; a blend of cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic therapy for problems of everyday life. Why use Integrative Psychotherapy? Most clinicians know that no one single theory or therapy works for all clients, all problems or situations. However, the vast majority of therapists strongly adhere to one particular approach which is fine if their approach matches the client they are seeing, the problem they are treating, where the client is in treatment, and so forth.
(508) 455-5005 View (508) 455-5005
Photo of Chelsea Harubin, LCSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Chelsea Harubin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360  (Online Only)
My approach to therapy is a blend between the following therapy models: Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Strength-Based, Psychodynamic, Humanistic, Person Centered, and Narrative Therapy.
Now accepting new clients! Hi, I’m Chelsea. Wherever you are on your healing journey, I applaud you for taking the steps to finding a therapist, it can be daunting! If you are looking for someone to speak to when extra support and validation are needed, I am here to help. I provide a warm, gentle and authentic approach while tailoring each session to my client’s needs. I specialize in women empowerment, eating disorders, perinatal & postpartum, depression, anxiety, ADHD, trauma, life transitions, LGBTQ+, relationship struggles, navigating motherhood, self-care, goal setting, accountability, burn-out, and forming healthy boundaries.
My approach to therapy is a blend between the following therapy models: Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Strength-Based, Psychodynamic, Humanistic, Person Centered, and Narrative Therapy.
Now accepting new clients! Hi, I’m Chelsea. Wherever you are on your healing journey, I applaud you for taking the steps to finding a therapist, it can be daunting! If you are looking for someone to speak to when extra support and validation are needed, I am here to help. I provide a warm, gentle and authentic approach while tailoring each session to my client’s needs. I specialize in women empowerment, eating disorders, perinatal & postpartum, depression, anxiety, ADHD, trauma, life transitions, LGBTQ+, relationship struggles, navigating motherhood, self-care, goal setting, accountability, burn-out, and forming healthy boundaries.
(339) 233-4324 View (339) 233-4324
Photo of Jennifer Heroux, LCMHC, Counselor
Jennifer Heroux
Counselor, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
My name is Jenna Heroux. I'm a Licensed Mental Health Counselor who uses a client-centered, feminist approach to support clients on their journey to wellbeing and growth. My approach is primarily feminist but is informed by other approaches as well, such as psychodynamic, existential, and family systems theories. Holding the client with unconditional positive regard, I seek to understand them from their own value system and sense of personal empowerment. We will work collaboratively to identify targets for treatment, while activating personal choice and self-compassion.
My name is Jenna Heroux. I'm a Licensed Mental Health Counselor who uses a client-centered, feminist approach to support clients on their journey to wellbeing and growth. My approach is primarily feminist but is informed by other approaches as well, such as psychodynamic, existential, and family systems theories. Holding the client with unconditional positive regard, I seek to understand them from their own value system and sense of personal empowerment. We will work collaboratively to identify targets for treatment, while activating personal choice and self-compassion.
(508) 501-9137 View (508) 501-9137
Photo of Shawna H Weekly, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Shawna H Weekly
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Duxbury, MA 02332
Through a combination of psychodynamic approaches, cognitive behavioral techniques and mindfulness training, I will help you learn the importance of self care, how to use specific tools to reduce anxiety and depression, and how to live a happier life.
I'm a firm believer in promoting positive change within by building upon the strengths we have inside of us and learning self acceptance as a path to happiness. I work with those who suffer from anxiety and depression, and specialize in working using a holistic approach to treatment. For the past 25 years I have been working with clients who struggle with anxiety and depression and I can tell you for certain two things: You are not alone and you do not need to suffer. My practice can accommodate adolescents and adults in individual, family and group settings.
Through a combination of psychodynamic approaches, cognitive behavioral techniques and mindfulness training, I will help you learn the importance of self care, how to use specific tools to reduce anxiety and depression, and how to live a happier life.
I'm a firm believer in promoting positive change within by building upon the strengths we have inside of us and learning self acceptance as a path to happiness. I work with those who suffer from anxiety and depression, and specialize in working using a holistic approach to treatment. For the past 25 years I have been working with clients who struggle with anxiety and depression and I can tell you for certain two things: You are not alone and you do not need to suffer. My practice can accommodate adolescents and adults in individual, family and group settings.
(781) 702-4561 View (781) 702-4561
Photo of Anne Elizabeth MacNeil - Anne MacNeil MA LMHC, MA, LMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Anne MacNeil MA LMHC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360
For the past fifteen years it has been my privilege and honor to have worked with numerous clients in assisting them on their journey toward self-healing. I have worked diligently to help each of them better understand whatever issues have impacted the quality of their life and have taught them coping skills using primarily cognitive Behavioral Therapy as well as other helpful modalities such as Mindfulness and Psychodynamic Therapy. I have observed that these modalities have aided my clients in setting goals and improved their ability to function more effectively in life. A free consult can let us know if we can work together well.
For the past fifteen years it has been my privilege and honor to have worked with numerous clients in assisting them on their journey toward self-healing. I have worked diligently to help each of them better understand whatever issues have impacted the quality of their life and have taught them coping skills using primarily cognitive Behavioral Therapy as well as other helpful modalities such as Mindfulness and Psychodynamic Therapy. I have observed that these modalities have aided my clients in setting goals and improved their ability to function more effectively in life. A free consult can let us know if we can work together well.
(339) 215-3704 View (339) 215-3704
Photo of Ann Marie D. Mackinnon - Ann Marie D. MacKinnon LICSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ann Marie D. MacKinnon LICSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Marshfield, MA 02050
20+ years providing exceptional clinical support for OLDER teen 16+ & adults. AFTER school and evening hours are pretty booked. Available early morning and afternoons. Focus of treatment Anxiety and Mood D/O impacting social, work, school and family relationships. Strong clinical interest supporting the transition to college and the work world and navigating the adjustments into young adulthood. Using a relational-psychodynamic approach to treatment balanced with empowering energy and humor. Supporting the LBGTQ community is a professional passion. Embracing authenticity and self acceptance is the treatment goal.
20+ years providing exceptional clinical support for OLDER teen 16+ & adults. AFTER school and evening hours are pretty booked. Available early morning and afternoons. Focus of treatment Anxiety and Mood D/O impacting social, work, school and family relationships. Strong clinical interest supporting the transition to college and the work world and navigating the adjustments into young adulthood. Using a relational-psychodynamic approach to treatment balanced with empowering energy and humor. Supporting the LBGTQ community is a professional passion. Embracing authenticity and self acceptance is the treatment goal.
(781) 690-7234 View (781) 690-7234
Photo of Samantha Bayuk, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Samantha Bayuk
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Plymouth, MA 02360
Waitlist for new clients
Samantha, a compassionate Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker, is on a mission for transformation. She began with a fiery advocacy spirit and a heart for trauma-informed care. But she didn't stop there. She fell in love with clinical care and counseling along the way. With experience in child, adolescent, and family therapy, plus adult inpatient psychiatry, Samantha is your ideal therapist. She's your guide, your motivator, and your unwavering support. Let her expertise and compassion help you transform your mental and behavioral health.
Samantha, a compassionate Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker, is on a mission for transformation. She began with a fiery advocacy spirit and a heart for trauma-informed care. But she didn't stop there. She fell in love with clinical care and counseling along the way. With experience in child, adolescent, and family therapy, plus adult inpatient psychiatry, Samantha is your ideal therapist. She's your guide, your motivator, and your unwavering support. Let her expertise and compassion help you transform your mental and behavioral health.
(339) 675-2466 View (339) 675-2466
Photo of Benjamin L. Thompson, PhD, LADC-1, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Benjamin L. Thompson
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, PhD, LADC-1
Verified Verified
Marshfield, MA 02050  (Online Only)
I have experience working with and treating all types of addiction, including both substance and behavioral addictions. I also have considerable experience with and understanding of mental illnesses, including especially depressive, anxiety, and bipolar disorders. I tend to have the most success treating those for whom other approaches have not been effective. My approach is best fitted for those who feel utterly broken and desperate for change.
I have experience working with and treating all types of addiction, including both substance and behavioral addictions. I also have considerable experience with and understanding of mental illnesses, including especially depressive, anxiety, and bipolar disorders. I tend to have the most success treating those for whom other approaches have not been effective. My approach is best fitted for those who feel utterly broken and desperate for change.
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Photo of Kate Galef, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kate Galef
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Duxbury, MA 02331  (Online Only)
Are you searching for a therapist who can help you develop a deeper understanding of yourself and overcome your mental health challenges? As a licensed (LICSW) psychotherapist providing telehealth services to adults aged 18 and older, my warm and pragmatic approach to therapy involves breaking down problems to help you gain clarity and insight into your situation.
Are you searching for a therapist who can help you develop a deeper understanding of yourself and overcome your mental health challenges? As a licensed (LICSW) psychotherapist providing telehealth services to adults aged 18 and older, my warm and pragmatic approach to therapy involves breaking down problems to help you gain clarity and insight into your situation.
(617) 420-7571 View (617) 420-7571
Photo of Kevin Andrews, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kevin Andrews
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Plymouth, MA 02360  (Online Only)
Hello! I'm Kevin, a Somatic and Emotion Centered Therapist with Wellworth Therapy. In my practice, I offer space for your authentic self to be seen and heard which invites you to experience holding and wholeness. This enables you to grow trust in yourself and be in true connection. I specialize in supporting trauma survivors to find healing by learning to regulate your nervous system, positively shifting your relationship with your emotions, and the impacts of your past. I welcome new clients into my practice and look forward to hearing from you. Hope is here.
Hello! I'm Kevin, a Somatic and Emotion Centered Therapist with Wellworth Therapy. In my practice, I offer space for your authentic self to be seen and heard which invites you to experience holding and wholeness. This enables you to grow trust in yourself and be in true connection. I specialize in supporting trauma survivors to find healing by learning to regulate your nervous system, positively shifting your relationship with your emotions, and the impacts of your past. I welcome new clients into my practice and look forward to hearing from you. Hope is here.
(857) 219-3042 View (857) 219-3042

See more therapy options for East Boston

Psychodynamic Therapists

Is psychodynamic therapy evidence-based?

Studies have found psychodynamic therapy to be effective in treating conditions like social anxiety, eating disorders, chronic pain, some personality disorders, and depression; indeed, some studies have found it to be just as effective as CBT or medication. What’s more, several studies have found that the benefits of psychodynamic therapy tend to endure—even grow—long after treatment has ended.

How long does psychodynamic therapy last?

Unlike CBT and other more structured forms of therapy, psychodynamic therapy tends to be open-ended and may not be limited to a set number of sessions. It is common for clients to be in therapy for a year or longer and to see their therapist one to three times a week, though the exact schedule and timeline may vary depending on a client’s challenges and progress. However, brief psychodynamic therapy is available, which tends to be more goal-oriented and typically unfolds over 16 to 30 sessions.

Does psychodynamic therapy work?

Research finds that psychodynamic therapy can help someone manage or reduce symptoms of diagnosable mental health conditions like depression or anxiety. The modality may also offer a range of benefits that are harder to measure but just as valuable—such as increased self-worth or healthier relationships. While no therapy type will work for everyone, research and anecdotal evidence suggest that psychodynamic therapy can be highly effective.

What are the limitations of psychodynamic therapy?

Some meta-analyses have concluded that there is little evidence to suggest that psychodynamic therapy can effectively treat certain mental health conditions such as PTSD, OCD, or psychosis, though it is sometimes used to do so. More broadly, the open-ended, free-association structure of psychodynamic therapy may be frustrating for clients who prefer a more structured, time-limited, or goal-oriented approach.