Trauma and PTSD Therapists in Clinton, MA

Photo of Melissa Novakoff, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melissa Novakoff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Clinton, MA 01510
Waitlist for new clients
I use my extensive training in trauma processing to help facilitate healing and growth.
It takes courage to ask for help. When we meet, I will listen and try to understand as much as I can about you and your experience with curiosity, compassion and, when appropriate, a sense of humor. Our therapy session will include letting go of beliefs and energy that don’t serve you and nurturing the parts of you that need attention.
I use my extensive training in trauma processing to help facilitate healing and growth.
It takes courage to ask for help. When we meet, I will listen and try to understand as much as I can about you and your experience with curiosity, compassion and, when appropriate, a sense of humor. Our therapy session will include letting go of beliefs and energy that don’t serve you and nurturing the parts of you that need attention.
View
Photo of Jennifer Croft, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer Croft
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clinton, MA 01510
I have over 15 years of experience with adults in trauma, addiction, anxiety, depression and relationship issues.
I will work with you to understand the current issues and collaborate with you on a plan of action to create the change you are seeking. My approach is client centered with a focus on proven treatment models. We will build on your strengths and develop the skills you need to cope effectively. I will offer you a non-judgmental caring approach that understands you are not defined by the obstacles you face. Therapy should be a place where you are at ease talking about whatever is important to you.
I have over 15 years of experience with adults in trauma, addiction, anxiety, depression and relationship issues.
I will work with you to understand the current issues and collaborate with you on a plan of action to create the change you are seeking. My approach is client centered with a focus on proven treatment models. We will build on your strengths and develop the skills you need to cope effectively. I will offer you a non-judgmental caring approach that understands you are not defined by the obstacles you face. Therapy should be a place where you are at ease talking about whatever is important to you.
(978) 310-3346 View (978) 310-3346
Photo of Sarah Kilduff, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sarah Kilduff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Clinton, MA 01510
I specialize in complex trauma histories, anxiety disorders, depression, and personality disorders.
I work with clients across the lifespan with many different needs. It is important to me that clients of all identities feel safe and respected in therapy. As a professional, I want to continue to work with clients who identify on the LGBTQ+ spectrum, have different cultural backgrounds, have different abilities, and of all body types. I support my clients in reaching their goals by working together and empowering them to take the next step! I strive to help my clients find solace and comfort, build knowledge of coping strategies, and grow to the person they want to be.
I specialize in complex trauma histories, anxiety disorders, depression, and personality disorders.
I work with clients across the lifespan with many different needs. It is important to me that clients of all identities feel safe and respected in therapy. As a professional, I want to continue to work with clients who identify on the LGBTQ+ spectrum, have different cultural backgrounds, have different abilities, and of all body types. I support my clients in reaching their goals by working together and empowering them to take the next step! I strive to help my clients find solace and comfort, build knowledge of coping strategies, and grow to the person they want to be.
(978) 733-9089 View (978) 733-9089
Photo of Kirsten Strainge, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kirsten Strainge
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clinton, MA 01510  (Online Only)
I specialize in anxiety or depression, emotion regulation, adjustment to trauma, grief, life transitions, identity exploration, challenges within relationships, postpartum, difficulties within your role as a parent, and other life stressors.
Hello! I am a licensed clinical social worker with years of experience in the field working with children and families. I welcome a therapeutic relationship with children, teens and young adults. It is important to me that I work with a diverse group of people, and I appreciate forming partnerships with individuals of all ethnicities, gender identities, sexual orientations, and abilities.
I specialize in anxiety or depression, emotion regulation, adjustment to trauma, grief, life transitions, identity exploration, challenges within relationships, postpartum, difficulties within your role as a parent, and other life stressors.
Hello! I am a licensed clinical social worker with years of experience in the field working with children and families. I welcome a therapeutic relationship with children, teens and young adults. It is important to me that I work with a diverse group of people, and I appreciate forming partnerships with individuals of all ethnicities, gender identities, sexual orientations, and abilities.
(978) 541-4296 View (978) 541-4296
Photo of Kathleen Quinn, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kathleen Quinn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Clinton, MA 01510
I have extensive trauma experience with all types of abuse.
*New clients, please use email for fastest reply.* Therapy should begin with establishing a trusting and therapeutic relationship in a relaxing environmen where clients of all ages can feel comfortable, safe & understood (my dog Taffy is my 'co-therapist'!). I believe ALL people have hidden strengths (yes, you too!) that can be used and build upon, while also learning how past history and trauma influence thoughts, actions, and self esteem in unwanted ways. Therapy is about insight, encouragement, support, and progress.
I have extensive trauma experience with all types of abuse.
*New clients, please use email for fastest reply.* Therapy should begin with establishing a trusting and therapeutic relationship in a relaxing environmen where clients of all ages can feel comfortable, safe & understood (my dog Taffy is my 'co-therapist'!). I believe ALL people have hidden strengths (yes, you too!) that can be used and build upon, while also learning how past history and trauma influence thoughts, actions, and self esteem in unwanted ways. Therapy is about insight, encouragement, support, and progress.
(508) 802-4791 View (508) 802-4791
Photo of Kerry Lavallee, MSSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kerry Lavallee
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Clinton, MA 01510
My trauma-informed practice draws from solution-focused, cognitive-behavioral, and family systems theories, and therapy is tailored to the individual growth of those with whom I work.
When you're in a season of your life that feels darker, lonelier or more painful, when you feel tired and overwhelmed, when you lack direction or energy, or when your relationships are suffering, it's easy to forget that you possess everything you need to grow and change. I believe that we each have the answers we need within us and the capacity to improve our circumstances, but that sometimes we get off course. I also believe that what we focus on gets bigger, so when we focus on the good and beautiful in life, the weeds get crowded out. This isn't just my personal belief - it's actually rooted in science!
My trauma-informed practice draws from solution-focused, cognitive-behavioral, and family systems theories, and therapy is tailored to the individual growth of those with whom I work.
When you're in a season of your life that feels darker, lonelier or more painful, when you feel tired and overwhelmed, when you lack direction or energy, or when your relationships are suffering, it's easy to forget that you possess everything you need to grow and change. I believe that we each have the answers we need within us and the capacity to improve our circumstances, but that sometimes we get off course. I also believe that what we focus on gets bigger, so when we focus on the good and beautiful in life, the weeds get crowded out. This isn't just my personal belief - it's actually rooted in science!
(774) 462-5655 View (774) 462-5655
Photo of Matthew Cote - Essential Insights Counseling Center, MS
Essential Insights Counseling Center
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clinton, MA 01510
I'm Matthew Cote and I work with young adults to older adults who have ongoing challenges with depression and anxiety and have difficulty managing their emotions. My goal is to help you stop dwelling on negative thoughts and guide you to where things feel manageable again. Sessions with me will provide you with the space to find peace and silence and that is not experienced in other places, so that you’ll be able to focus on yourself without feeling selfish. It’s important to me to create safety within our sessions and to ensure that the process is collaborative.
I'm Matthew Cote and I work with young adults to older adults who have ongoing challenges with depression and anxiety and have difficulty managing their emotions. My goal is to help you stop dwelling on negative thoughts and guide you to where things feel manageable again. Sessions with me will provide you with the space to find peace and silence and that is not experienced in other places, so that you’ll be able to focus on yourself without feeling selfish. It’s important to me to create safety within our sessions and to ensure that the process is collaborative.
(978) 723-0864 View (978) 723-0864
Photo of Danielle D Bailey, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Danielle D Bailey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Clinton, MA 01510
My approach is honest, warm, genuine, and direct with a solution-focused approach with clients. Working with the client, I will help identify unhealthy patterns, as well as underlying influences at the root of the problem, and aim to work together towards improving the quality of one's life.
My approach is honest, warm, genuine, and direct with a solution-focused approach with clients. Working with the client, I will help identify unhealthy patterns, as well as underlying influences at the root of the problem, and aim to work together towards improving the quality of one's life.
(978) 769-3531 View (978) 769-3531
Photo of Erica Corley, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erica Corley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clinton, MA 01510
I am committed to providing you with compassionate and client focused care. Meeting you where you are emotionally, allows me to assist you in reaching your mental health and life goals.
I am committed to providing you with compassionate and client focused care. Meeting you where you are emotionally, allows me to assist you in reaching your mental health and life goals.
(339) 217-8096 View (339) 217-8096

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Diane M Morin, MA LMHC
Diane M Morin
MA LMHC
Verified Verified
Northborough, MA 01532  (Online Only)
addiction, trauma, couples and family issues.
Upon your appointment you will find a warm welcoming environment that is safe. comfortable and non-judgmental. You will receive my undivided attention as you share your thoughts, feelings and fears. Together we can identify your goals and work towards achieving them. I am a goal oriented therapist who believes you are seeking change and improvement to your current situation. The focus is to help clients develop techniques to minimize negative symptoms and work towards an enjoyable future.
addiction, trauma, couples and family issues.
Upon your appointment you will find a warm welcoming environment that is safe. comfortable and non-judgmental. You will receive my undivided attention as you share your thoughts, feelings and fears. Together we can identify your goals and work towards achieving them. I am a goal oriented therapist who believes you are seeking change and improvement to your current situation. The focus is to help clients develop techniques to minimize negative symptoms and work towards an enjoyable future.
(774) 297-2402 View (774) 297-2402
Photo of Ranu Aeron, LICSW, EMDR, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ranu Aeron
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, EMDR
Verified Verified
Shrewsbury, MA 01545  (Online Only)
I specialize in the areas of Trauma, and I am EMDR certified.
Before we begin our therapy sessions, I want to express my commitment to you. My promise is to ALWAYS put forth my best effort and ALWAYS show up present during our sessions. This dedication reflects my respect for your time and my intention to effectively support your personal growth. My aim is to equip myself with the necessary knowledge and skills that will enable me to provide you with the highest level of support throughout our therapeutic journey. I am a graduate of Boston University with 20+ years of experience in the mental health field. I enjoy working with kids, Preteens, Teenager, Young Adult , Adult - (ages 10 to 50)
I specialize in the areas of Trauma, and I am EMDR certified.
Before we begin our therapy sessions, I want to express my commitment to you. My promise is to ALWAYS put forth my best effort and ALWAYS show up present during our sessions. This dedication reflects my respect for your time and my intention to effectively support your personal growth. My aim is to equip myself with the necessary knowledge and skills that will enable me to provide you with the highest level of support throughout our therapeutic journey. I am a graduate of Boston University with 20+ years of experience in the mental health field. I enjoy working with kids, Preteens, Teenager, Young Adult , Adult - (ages 10 to 50)
(508) 456-5939 View (508) 456-5939
Photo of Cathy A Boisvert, LICSW, LCSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cathy A Boisvert
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Leominster, MA 01453  (Online Only)
I offer a brief complimentary virtual consultation Tele-video is a convenient and time saving method to access psychotherapy and gain traction to address your treatment needs, develop your care plan and deliver expert trauma-informed care.
I work best with people who have survived adverse childhood experiences, loss, abuse and trauma, and want to continue in their recovery from trauma. Learning about the nervous system and how it adapts/reacts to cues to alert us of potential danger which can assist in regaining control of ourselves and the capacity to tolerate overwhelming emotions and develop skills to cope and self regulate. I bring to the therapeutic alliance academic training and lived experience recovering from childhood trauma, sexual abuse, food addiction, substance use and cooccurring disorders such as PTSD and depression.
I offer a brief complimentary virtual consultation Tele-video is a convenient and time saving method to access psychotherapy and gain traction to address your treatment needs, develop your care plan and deliver expert trauma-informed care.
I work best with people who have survived adverse childhood experiences, loss, abuse and trauma, and want to continue in their recovery from trauma. Learning about the nervous system and how it adapts/reacts to cues to alert us of potential danger which can assist in regaining control of ourselves and the capacity to tolerate overwhelming emotions and develop skills to cope and self regulate. I bring to the therapeutic alliance academic training and lived experience recovering from childhood trauma, sexual abuse, food addiction, substance use and cooccurring disorders such as PTSD and depression.
(774) 633-2293 View (774) 633-2293
Photo of Debra Lund, LMHC, Counselor
Debra Lund
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Leominster, MA 01453  (Online Only)
Deb Lund is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) with over 20 years of experience helping children, adolescents, adults, and families cope with ADHD, depression, anxiety, trauma, and substance abuse. Deb attended Assumption College, where she earned a CAGS and her Master's degree in Rehabilitation Counseling.  She also attended Worcester State University, where she earned a Bachelor's degree in Elementary Education, including a minor in Psychology with a Concentration in Developmental Disabilities.
Deb Lund is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) with over 20 years of experience helping children, adolescents, adults, and families cope with ADHD, depression, anxiety, trauma, and substance abuse. Deb attended Assumption College, where she earned a CAGS and her Master's degree in Rehabilitation Counseling.  She also attended Worcester State University, where she earned a Bachelor's degree in Elementary Education, including a minor in Psychology with a Concentration in Developmental Disabilities.
(351) 333-4628 View (351) 333-4628
Photo of Marie Courtney, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Marie Courtney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Harvard, MA 01451  (Online Only)
Trauma greatly affects one's ability to connect with others and to love one's self.
I have been providing counseling services for the over 20 years. My experience and areas of expertise includes working with people who are affected by trauma. Trauma can be a single incident such as a dog bite, a sexual assault or significant loss or a chronic event. An example of a past chronic trauma might include growing up in an alcoholic home or a home with any kind of neglect or abuse. Some trauma symptoms include: depression, anxiety, disassociation, low self esteem, feeling disconnected, self abusive and/or addictive behaviors.
Trauma greatly affects one's ability to connect with others and to love one's self.
I have been providing counseling services for the over 20 years. My experience and areas of expertise includes working with people who are affected by trauma. Trauma can be a single incident such as a dog bite, a sexual assault or significant loss or a chronic event. An example of a past chronic trauma might include growing up in an alcoholic home or a home with any kind of neglect or abuse. Some trauma symptoms include: depression, anxiety, disassociation, low self esteem, feeling disconnected, self abusive and/or addictive behaviors.
(401) 324-1370 View (401) 324-1370
Photo of Kate Lally - Kate Lally, LMHC, MA, LMHC
Kate Lally, LMHC
MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shrewsbury, MA 01545
Are you a highly motivated individual who is ready to do the work to be a conscious creator of your life, work & relationships? I offer an empowered approach to healing. While trauma happens to all of us, healing is a choice that benefits not only ourselves, but everyone around us. I use a holistic and trauma-informed lens to get to the root, setting you free from past trauma and shame cycles, connecting the dots from your past to your present. As a result, you step into your power, which creates a ripple effect in your work, life & relationships. I also serve as a life coach, which is a separate service outside of insurance.
Are you a highly motivated individual who is ready to do the work to be a conscious creator of your life, work & relationships? I offer an empowered approach to healing. While trauma happens to all of us, healing is a choice that benefits not only ourselves, but everyone around us. I use a holistic and trauma-informed lens to get to the root, setting you free from past trauma and shame cycles, connecting the dots from your past to your present. As a result, you step into your power, which creates a ripple effect in your work, life & relationships. I also serve as a life coach, which is a separate service outside of insurance.
(508) 625-9205 View (508) 625-9205
Photo of Shannon Russell, MA, CAGS, LMHC
Shannon Russell
MA, CAGS, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Marlborough, MA 01752
I provide a client centered, trauma informed approach, utilizing ketamine assisted psychotherapy, EMDR, ego state therapy/IFS, and acceptance and commitment therapy.
I am passionate about creating a safe and healing space for those who struggle with past traumas, depression, anxiety, existential crisis, low self esteem, and perfectionism. If you feel as though you are suffering, that life feels meaningless or hopeless, that no one understands what it is like to be you and walk in your shoes, or that other therapy modalities you have tried just haven't seemed to help, then please reach out today. There is a way to heal.
I provide a client centered, trauma informed approach, utilizing ketamine assisted psychotherapy, EMDR, ego state therapy/IFS, and acceptance and commitment therapy.
I am passionate about creating a safe and healing space for those who struggle with past traumas, depression, anxiety, existential crisis, low self esteem, and perfectionism. If you feel as though you are suffering, that life feels meaningless or hopeless, that no one understands what it is like to be you and walk in your shoes, or that other therapy modalities you have tried just haven't seemed to help, then please reach out today. There is a way to heal.
(508) 501-0487 View (508) 501-0487
Photo of Lacey Liebert, LMHC, Counselor
Lacey Liebert
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Marlborough, MA 01752  (Online Only)
Hello and welcome! I have spent years working alongside individuals impacted by complex trauma, depression, anxiety, and issues arising in relationships. We are all human in this world- with our lived experiences, range of emotions, and our best efforts to cope with it all. Sometimes our best attempts to cope can end up holding us back or hurting us in the long run. The good news is that we are amazing and adaptive beings. What was learned as a way to stay safe in the world can be considered and evaluated. In a supportive and trusting environment, we can expand our awareness and make informed choices for ourselves in the present.
Hello and welcome! I have spent years working alongside individuals impacted by complex trauma, depression, anxiety, and issues arising in relationships. We are all human in this world- with our lived experiences, range of emotions, and our best efforts to cope with it all. Sometimes our best attempts to cope can end up holding us back or hurting us in the long run. The good news is that we are amazing and adaptive beings. What was learned as a way to stay safe in the world can be considered and evaluated. In a supportive and trusting environment, we can expand our awareness and make informed choices for ourselves in the present.
(508) 433-3488 View (508) 433-3488
Photo of Jessie L. Channell - Resilient Roots Trauma Services, LLC, LICSW, CCTP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Resilient Roots Trauma Services, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
Leominster, MA 01453  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I recognize the imprints trauma can leave on the mind, body, and soul and that healing can feel like a long and challenging journey.
Hello, I’m so glad you’re here! I recognize that beginning therapy and sharing your story with someone new can feel overwhelming. If you are here seeking support for yourself and/or your child, you have already taken a courageous first step. My approach is client-centered and flexible, tailored to best meet your needs. I strive to provide a warm and safe space that you want to return to each week. I pull from various evidence-based modalities and incorporate holistic practices when appropriate. I believe that oftentimes the most effective treatment engages the mind as well as the body, as trauma is so often stored within.
I recognize the imprints trauma can leave on the mind, body, and soul and that healing can feel like a long and challenging journey.
Hello, I’m so glad you’re here! I recognize that beginning therapy and sharing your story with someone new can feel overwhelming. If you are here seeking support for yourself and/or your child, you have already taken a courageous first step. My approach is client-centered and flexible, tailored to best meet your needs. I strive to provide a warm and safe space that you want to return to each week. I pull from various evidence-based modalities and incorporate holistic practices when appropriate. I believe that oftentimes the most effective treatment engages the mind as well as the body, as trauma is so often stored within.
View
Photo of Zaza S Sakhat - Chrysalis Therapy and Wellness, LICSW, SEP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Chrysalis Therapy and Wellness
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, SEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Shrewsbury, MA 01545
Like a butterfly emerging into life, a child requires safety, care, and attunement. I believe in supporting child and adolescent emotional growth and developmental processes throughout the life cycle especially when hardships are faced, such as, trauma, bullying, anxiety, and other concerns. My approach is collaborative as I work closely with the parents, schools, and other collaterals involved to enhance over all well-being in every capacity of the child's environment. Always stemming from a strength-based perspective, using Play and Expressive Art Therapies, Cognitive and Dialectical Behavioral Therapies, and Somatic Experiencing.
Like a butterfly emerging into life, a child requires safety, care, and attunement. I believe in supporting child and adolescent emotional growth and developmental processes throughout the life cycle especially when hardships are faced, such as, trauma, bullying, anxiety, and other concerns. My approach is collaborative as I work closely with the parents, schools, and other collaterals involved to enhance over all well-being in every capacity of the child's environment. Always stemming from a strength-based perspective, using Play and Expressive Art Therapies, Cognitive and Dialectical Behavioral Therapies, and Somatic Experiencing.
(508) 659-5057 View (508) 659-5057
Photo of Ronnie McKenney II, LMHC, Counselor
Ronnie McKenney II
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Marlborough, MA 01752  (Online Only)
I provide trauma informed, culturally sensitive, therapy aimed at improving people’s ability to cope with their stressors.
*NEW CLIENTS ACCEPTED via TELEHEALTH* Ever feel like you have a way to do something, and though it does not work the way it seems like it should, you feel it “works for you?” Do you find that you have a way of behaving and struggle to break free from yourself? I find that humans act in patterns. We think about a problem and act in a way that is the most comfortable to us and tend to repeat these patterns regardless of the result. I work with people living with depression, anxiety, trauma, anger concerns, separation/loss/grief issues, and people coping with discrimination.
I provide trauma informed, culturally sensitive, therapy aimed at improving people’s ability to cope with their stressors.
*NEW CLIENTS ACCEPTED via TELEHEALTH* Ever feel like you have a way to do something, and though it does not work the way it seems like it should, you feel it “works for you?” Do you find that you have a way of behaving and struggle to break free from yourself? I find that humans act in patterns. We think about a problem and act in a way that is the most comfortable to us and tend to repeat these patterns regardless of the result. I work with people living with depression, anxiety, trauma, anger concerns, separation/loss/grief issues, and people coping with discrimination.
(508) 538-3760 View (508) 538-3760

See more therapy options for Clinton

Trauma and PTSD Therapists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.