Therapists in Phoenix, AZ

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Photo of Melodee Gentry Bosna, LCSW, MSW, BS, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melodee Gentry Bosna
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW, BS
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85032
My therapy practice focuses on individual reclamation and collective liberation in ways that honor what you've survived, the season you're in and the direction you want to move towards. I don't believe any one of us is inherently broken or irredeemable, and hope we all encounter ways to care more deeply for ourselves and others, practice reparative accountability and embody more fully our stories and identities. Areas I'm passionate about supporting include complex trauma/PTSD, insecure attachment, sexuality, gender identity, relationships, consent, boundaries, systemic harm and religious abuse.
My therapy practice focuses on individual reclamation and collective liberation in ways that honor what you've survived, the season you're in and the direction you want to move towards. I don't believe any one of us is inherently broken or irredeemable, and hope we all encounter ways to care more deeply for ourselves and others, practice reparative accountability and embody more fully our stories and identities. Areas I'm passionate about supporting include complex trauma/PTSD, insecure attachment, sexuality, gender identity, relationships, consent, boundaries, systemic harm and religious abuse.
(623) 209-8134 View (623) 209-8134
Photo of Garrett Clayton Epperson - Compass Therapeutics, LLC, LCSW, MSW, CM, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Compass Therapeutics, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW, CM
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85012  (Online Only)
My practice is client-centered, honest, and empathetic to my client's concerns. Trust is the major factor that enables clients to talk about what is at the heart of their problems, and we spend the time necessary to develop that trust. I view the therapeutic relationship as collaboration with my client on a unique journey towards self-enhancement, wellness, and goal attainment. I want to help empower you to overcome your personal obstacles with a compassionate and respectful approach in a safe place where you can share and build self-awareness as we work together to change.
My practice is client-centered, honest, and empathetic to my client's concerns. Trust is the major factor that enables clients to talk about what is at the heart of their problems, and we spend the time necessary to develop that trust. I view the therapeutic relationship as collaboration with my client on a unique journey towards self-enhancement, wellness, and goal attainment. I want to help empower you to overcome your personal obstacles with a compassionate and respectful approach in a safe place where you can share and build self-awareness as we work together to change.
(406) 407-9186 View (406) 407-9186
Photo of Jordan Knorowski, MA, LAC, Counselor
Jordan Knorowski
Counselor, MA, LAC
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85016
Not accepting new clients
I’m excited you are here and looking to make some changes to improve your (or a child/teen’s) life and daily functioning! My goal as a therapist is to create a warm, empathetic, and judgment-free space for my clients to work through the challenges they are facing through collaboration with me as their therapist. I understand that a solid relationship with me is necessary for therapy to be successful and that therapy can be an intimidating process to begin. Because of this, I come into every session with patience, empathy, no judgments, and the willingness to be flexible in my approach.
I’m excited you are here and looking to make some changes to improve your (or a child/teen’s) life and daily functioning! My goal as a therapist is to create a warm, empathetic, and judgment-free space for my clients to work through the challenges they are facing through collaboration with me as their therapist. I understand that a solid relationship with me is necessary for therapy to be successful and that therapy can be an intimidating process to begin. Because of this, I come into every session with patience, empathy, no judgments, and the willingness to be flexible in my approach.
(623) 257-5364 View (623) 257-5364
Photo of Rachael Grantham, PsyD, Psychologist
Rachael Grantham
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85087  (Online Only)
As a Licensed Clinical Psychologist, I have worked for over 10 years serving adolescents, young adults, and families. I provide support to clients through an online virtual therapy platform. Working in a variety of settings, both inpatient and outpatient, has allowed me to connect at a deeper level with clients to provide them the best care. I value the time spent creating relationships, and seeing individuals start to live a life more in line with their values and passions. I aim to create a trusting space to navigate current situations and to explore the past.
As a Licensed Clinical Psychologist, I have worked for over 10 years serving adolescents, young adults, and families. I provide support to clients through an online virtual therapy platform. Working in a variety of settings, both inpatient and outpatient, has allowed me to connect at a deeper level with clients to provide them the best care. I value the time spent creating relationships, and seeing individuals start to live a life more in line with their values and passions. I aim to create a trusting space to navigate current situations and to explore the past.
(707) 943-2392 View (707) 943-2392
Photo of Rana Coniglio, LAC, Counselor
Rana Coniglio
Counselor, LAC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85028  (Online Only)
Have you been feeling like your past trauma or negative life experiences have been rearing its head in your present-day life? Maybe you're noticing that old habits are starting to effect your current relationship, stress levels, and anxiety. My role as your therapist is to provide support, ask questions, and fill your tool belt with techniques and coping skills that will assist in healing your past. As a trauma-informed therapist, I recognize the importance of investing time to form a strong and trusting relationship with each and every client.
Have you been feeling like your past trauma or negative life experiences have been rearing its head in your present-day life? Maybe you're noticing that old habits are starting to effect your current relationship, stress levels, and anxiety. My role as your therapist is to provide support, ask questions, and fill your tool belt with techniques and coping skills that will assist in healing your past. As a trauma-informed therapist, I recognize the importance of investing time to form a strong and trusting relationship with each and every client.
(480) 757-1871 View (480) 757-1871
Photo of Gabrielle Ficchi - New Perspectives LLC , PhD, LPC, CRC, Licensed Professional Counselor
New Perspectives LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, CRC
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85004  (Online Only)
I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, motivation, self-esteem, and confidence. Throughout my career I have also focused on helping individuals with a variety of different physical and emotional disabilities or anyone adjusting to major life changes. I also helped many people who have experienced physical trauma or emotional abuse. My counseling style is warm and interactive. I believe in treating anyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion, and helping individuals embrace who they are. My approach combines cognitive-behavioral, person centered, and existential counseling.
I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, motivation, self-esteem, and confidence. Throughout my career I have also focused on helping individuals with a variety of different physical and emotional disabilities or anyone adjusting to major life changes. I also helped many people who have experienced physical trauma or emotional abuse. My counseling style is warm and interactive. I believe in treating anyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion, and helping individuals embrace who they are. My approach combines cognitive-behavioral, person centered, and existential counseling.
(928) 260-2521 View (928) 260-2521
Photo of Sharon Johnson Williams - Find Freedom Coaching w/Dr Sharon Johnson Williams, PhD
Find Freedom Coaching w/Dr Sharon Johnson Williams
PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85022  (Online Only)
Life‘s unexpected twists and turns can often make our journey feel lonely and empty. Sometimes we need someone to take the journey with us. To hear us out and to encourage us in taking the steps we know we need to take. Someone who will be there to walk us through to finding freedom in whatever our circumstances may be.
Life‘s unexpected twists and turns can often make our journey feel lonely and empty. Sometimes we need someone to take the journey with us. To hear us out and to encourage us in taking the steps we know we need to take. Someone who will be there to walk us through to finding freedom in whatever our circumstances may be.
(623) 294-8974 View (623) 294-8974
Photo of Denise Monterroso, MS, LAMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Denise Monterroso
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, LAMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85027
Hello there! I am Denise, therapist here at Ellie Mental Health. I graduated from Mount St Mary's University in Los Angeles,CA with a Masters in Counseling Psychology with a specialization in Marriage and Family therapy. I have experience working with a diverse age group from 7 years old to our elderly population. I like working with those who are having difficulty with Anxiety,Depression, ADHD, and anger management. The majority of my experience has been with individual therapy but i also have familiarity with family therapy. Yo hablo espanol tambien.
Hello there! I am Denise, therapist here at Ellie Mental Health. I graduated from Mount St Mary's University in Los Angeles,CA with a Masters in Counseling Psychology with a specialization in Marriage and Family therapy. I have experience working with a diverse age group from 7 years old to our elderly population. I like working with those who are having difficulty with Anxiety,Depression, ADHD, and anger management. The majority of my experience has been with individual therapy but i also have familiarity with family therapy. Yo hablo espanol tambien.
(623) 281-0021 View (623) 281-0021
Photo of Michelle Maggio, LCPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Michelle Maggio
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85050  (Online Only)
Welcome to a space where your mental health is valued. I prioritize creating a safe and non-judgmental space for my clients to share their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. This allows clients to feel comfortable opening up about their struggles without fear of being criticized or misunderstood. In my practice I provide therapy services to adults. My specialities range from Women's mental health, Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, Self Esteem, Marital Issues and Divorce.
Welcome to a space where your mental health is valued. I prioritize creating a safe and non-judgmental space for my clients to share their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. This allows clients to feel comfortable opening up about their struggles without fear of being criticized or misunderstood. In my practice I provide therapy services to adults. My specialities range from Women's mental health, Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, Self Esteem, Marital Issues and Divorce.
(847) 553-4034 View (847) 553-4034
Photo of Nicole Gordon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nicole Gordon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85032  (Online Only)
In our work together, we will identify and build upon your strengths to create healthy ways of managing anxiety, depression, trauma, self expression, and life coaching, etc. I have experience working with children, adolescents, adults and families, as well as, couples, communities of color and the LBGTQ+ community. Making change I believe requires many things one of which is a safe space to be vulnerable, be challenged, and to claim your best self.
In our work together, we will identify and build upon your strengths to create healthy ways of managing anxiety, depression, trauma, self expression, and life coaching, etc. I have experience working with children, adolescents, adults and families, as well as, couples, communities of color and the LBGTQ+ community. Making change I believe requires many things one of which is a safe space to be vulnerable, be challenged, and to claim your best self.
(480) 418-1039 View (480) 418-1039
Photo of Jessica Kronen, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jessica Kronen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85033
My ideal intake and assessment client is one who may be nervous to try therapy for the first time and has racked up the bravery and courage to reach out for this first appointment. I honor this and will put these clients at ease and make them feel as a welcome guest in our home.
My ideal intake and assessment client is one who may be nervous to try therapy for the first time and has racked up the bravery and courage to reach out for this first appointment. I honor this and will put these clients at ease and make them feel as a welcome guest in our home.
(623) 343-3016 View (623) 343-3016
Photo of Buffy Wooten - Wooten & Associates, PLC, PhD
Wooten & Associates, PLC
PhD
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85003
Our practice offers a warm retreat where your experience is honored and our expertise helps to integrate your experience into creating a life worth living. Through the principles of DBT, CBT, Spiritual Integration, and Mind-Body Connective work we believe emotional healing is possible. We understand that relationships form the context for reflection, learning and application and hope to connect you with a therapist who makes the connection work for you. With more than 20 years experience working with DBT and persons needing intensive integrative work recovering from past traumas, we offer opportunities for therapists to specialize in this work under close supervision. This allows us to offer sliding scales to our patients and to provide more options for matching with the therapist they need.
Our practice offers a warm retreat where your experience is honored and our expertise helps to integrate your experience into creating a life worth living. Through the principles of DBT, CBT, Spiritual Integration, and Mind-Body Connective work we believe emotional healing is possible. We understand that relationships form the context for reflection, learning and application and hope to connect you with a therapist who makes the connection work for you. With more than 20 years experience working with DBT and persons needing intensive integrative work recovering from past traumas, we offer opportunities for therapists to specialize in this work under close supervision. This allows us to offer sliding scales to our patients and to provide more options for matching with the therapist they need.
(480) 630-8055 View (480) 630-8055
Photo of Shelly Marie Spencer, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Shelly Marie Spencer
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85050  (Online Only)
I am licensed in California and Arizona. Let's talk... I believe that life challenges, such as relationship issues, communication problems, anxiety, and depression can be managed and overcome. There is hope ! There are answers ! You can experience happiness in your life, again ! My background as a therapist includes working with adults and adolescents who are experiencing crisis in their lives due to past and/or present circumstances. Life transitions, PTSD, bullying, self-harm, grief, unresolved relationship issues, divorce, addiction, and/or mental illness can trigger irrational thinking, negative emotions, and harmful behaviors.
I am licensed in California and Arizona. Let's talk... I believe that life challenges, such as relationship issues, communication problems, anxiety, and depression can be managed and overcome. There is hope ! There are answers ! You can experience happiness in your life, again ! My background as a therapist includes working with adults and adolescents who are experiencing crisis in their lives due to past and/or present circumstances. Life transitions, PTSD, bullying, self-harm, grief, unresolved relationship issues, divorce, addiction, and/or mental illness can trigger irrational thinking, negative emotions, and harmful behaviors.
(480) 896-5200 View (480) 896-5200
Photo of Cameron Muller, MC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Cameron Muller
Pre-Licensed Professional, MC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85013
I obtained my undergraduate degrees in Sociology and Psychological Sciences at Northern Arizona University, and continued my education at Arizona State University, earning a Master of Counseling (MC). I currently hold a temporary associate counseling license (LAC), and practice under the supervision of Dr. Lancellotti while working towards independent licensure. I have a background working with adults across a variety of mental health presentations.
I obtained my undergraduate degrees in Sociology and Psychological Sciences at Northern Arizona University, and continued my education at Arizona State University, earning a Master of Counseling (MC). I currently hold a temporary associate counseling license (LAC), and practice under the supervision of Dr. Lancellotti while working towards independent licensure. I have a background working with adults across a variety of mental health presentations.
(602) 962-9259 View (602) 962-9259
Photo of Tania Lopez-Cepero, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tania Lopez-Cepero
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85020
Is your child or teen struggling with symptoms of anxiety, depression or substance use? Is your child struggling with any life changes? Are you unsure how to help your child with his/her behavioral issues? My passion is to accompany children and families through their journey in life. For me it is a privilege and honor to be able to help your child or teen through life's difficulties.
Is your child or teen struggling with symptoms of anxiety, depression or substance use? Is your child struggling with any life changes? Are you unsure how to help your child with his/her behavioral issues? My passion is to accompany children and families through their journey in life. For me it is a privilege and honor to be able to help your child or teen through life's difficulties.
(602) 832-7596 View (602) 832-7596
Photo of Amanda Wilborn, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amanda Wilborn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85032  (Online Only)
Hello! I have been a therapist in the mental health field for over 7 years working with individuals and families from many different walks of life. My approach to therapy is client centered and strengths based, focusing on the specific needs of the individual. I believe therapy is a collaborative process where I work alongside clients to assist them in achieving goals that they see fit for themselves. It is my hope to create an environment where you will feel safe, supported, and free from judgement.
Hello! I have been a therapist in the mental health field for over 7 years working with individuals and families from many different walks of life. My approach to therapy is client centered and strengths based, focusing on the specific needs of the individual. I believe therapy is a collaborative process where I work alongside clients to assist them in achieving goals that they see fit for themselves. It is my hope to create an environment where you will feel safe, supported, and free from judgement.
(602) 334-4946 View (602) 334-4946
Photo of Judith Wellek, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Judith Wellek
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85018
Experience counts. I have over 30 years experience in a variety of theories. For 20 years I have taught psychotherapy to Medical Doctors in a Psychiatric Training Program. A therapist must ask the correct questions and accurately asssess the client's difficulties. Then the work can begin. Experience counts.
Experience counts. I have over 30 years experience in a variety of theories. For 20 years I have taught psychotherapy to Medical Doctors in a Psychiatric Training Program. A therapist must ask the correct questions and accurately asssess the client's difficulties. Then the work can begin. Experience counts.
(602) 663-9093 View (602) 663-9093
Photo of Ashleigh Camarda, MS, LAC, CCTP, Counselor
Ashleigh Camarda
Counselor, MS, LAC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85028  (Online Only)
Do you feel like life is harder than usual right now? Are your relationships unfulfilling, are you extra critical of yourself? If you are struggling with depression, anxiety, insecurity, difficulty feeling joy, or continually seeking ways to avoid the pain; counseling may be right for you. You might be struggling with events in your past, your current life circumstances might feel impossible to overcome, or you have fears about the future. Imagine what it would be like to develop internal resilience, to feel joy again, to recognize the person you see in the mirror, to feel like you are in control of your life and decisions
Do you feel like life is harder than usual right now? Are your relationships unfulfilling, are you extra critical of yourself? If you are struggling with depression, anxiety, insecurity, difficulty feeling joy, or continually seeking ways to avoid the pain; counseling may be right for you. You might be struggling with events in your past, your current life circumstances might feel impossible to overcome, or you have fears about the future. Imagine what it would be like to develop internal resilience, to feel joy again, to recognize the person you see in the mirror, to feel like you are in control of your life and decisions
(623) 526-5569 View (623) 526-5569
Photo of Karen Bounds - Little Waves Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor
Little Waves Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85004
Hi there! I became a therapist out of a passion for personal development and a fascination with how the mind works, especially in children and teens. I believe that therapy should be accessible and engaging, which is why I offer in-home therapy for children ages 5-10. I also offer telehealth therapy for ages 11 to 17, allowing older kids and teens to get the help they need from the comfort of their home. I specialize in play therapy, particularly client-centered play therapy, along with CBT. I utilize DBT and narrative therapy techniques as well.
Hi there! I became a therapist out of a passion for personal development and a fascination with how the mind works, especially in children and teens. I believe that therapy should be accessible and engaging, which is why I offer in-home therapy for children ages 5-10. I also offer telehealth therapy for ages 11 to 17, allowing older kids and teens to get the help they need from the comfort of their home. I specialize in play therapy, particularly client-centered play therapy, along with CBT. I utilize DBT and narrative therapy techniques as well.
(928) 916-6904 View (928) 916-6904
Photo of Kerrilynn Latta - Talk It Out Therapy LLC, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Talk It Out Therapy LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85029
Accepting New Clients. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with a master’s degree in social work. I have 10+ years of experience working in various mental health settings. Therapy takes courage. Mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, grief, post-traumatic stress and trauma can be difficult and overwhelming to face alone. I believe it is important to start where the client is and help them move in the direction they want to go. I am passionate about helping others and giving them the tools they need to experience success. My goal is to create a safe environment where clients can process, learn, heal and grow.
Accepting New Clients. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with a master’s degree in social work. I have 10+ years of experience working in various mental health settings. Therapy takes courage. Mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, grief, post-traumatic stress and trauma can be difficult and overwhelming to face alone. I believe it is important to start where the client is and help them move in the direction they want to go. I am passionate about helping others and giving them the tools they need to experience success. My goal is to create a safe environment where clients can process, learn, heal and grow.
(602) 960-5908 View (602) 960-5908
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Phoenix, AZ

2,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Phoenix, AZ who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
85% Depression
74% Trauma and PTSD
70% Self Esteem
69% Relationship Issues
69% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

87% Aetna
70% Cigna and Evernorth
69% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Phoenix, AZ see their clients

60% In Person and Online
40% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Phoenix?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.