Therapists in Nashville, TN

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Photo of Lauren Lowery, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lauren Lowery
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
Therapy is not "one size fits all". Each person comes to therapy with a unique story that has led them to be the person they are today. I believe each person makes sense in the context of everything they've been through. Helping people understand their triggers and negative thought patterns can promote healing within themselves and personal relationships. I use a systemic approach, looking at past relationships and trauma that might be coming up in your life today. We are often unaware of how impactful these dynamics were.
Therapy is not "one size fits all". Each person comes to therapy with a unique story that has led them to be the person they are today. I believe each person makes sense in the context of everything they've been through. Helping people understand their triggers and negative thought patterns can promote healing within themselves and personal relationships. I use a systemic approach, looking at past relationships and trauma that might be coming up in your life today. We are often unaware of how impactful these dynamics were.
(615) 488-4603 View (615) 488-4603
Photo of Sara Baldwin - Hope Clinic for Women, Licensed Professional Counselor
Hope Clinic for Women
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37203
Located in Nashville, TN our licensed counselors see Individuals, Couples, and Families. We offer counseling for: Pregnancy Loss (Miscarriage, Infant Death, Stillbirth, Failed IVF, Abortion), Adoption-Related Loss, Support for Infertility and Reproductive Health Concerns, Perinatal Mood & Anxiety Disorders (PMADs), STD Diagnoses, Grief, Loss, Relationship issues, Sexual Abuse and Assault, Boundaries, Assertiveness and Communication, Self Esteem, and Pornography/Sexual Addiction. We are a faith-based, safe, and confidential place, providing professional counseling regardless of age, race, or religion.
Located in Nashville, TN our licensed counselors see Individuals, Couples, and Families. We offer counseling for: Pregnancy Loss (Miscarriage, Infant Death, Stillbirth, Failed IVF, Abortion), Adoption-Related Loss, Support for Infertility and Reproductive Health Concerns, Perinatal Mood & Anxiety Disorders (PMADs), STD Diagnoses, Grief, Loss, Relationship issues, Sexual Abuse and Assault, Boundaries, Assertiveness and Communication, Self Esteem, and Pornography/Sexual Addiction. We are a faith-based, safe, and confidential place, providing professional counseling regardless of age, race, or religion.
(615) 551-3311 View (615) 551-3311
Photo of Madison Thacker, MEd, BCN-T, Pre-Licensed Professional
Madison Thacker
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd, BCN-T
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37207
Not accepting new clients
As you grew up and made your way through the world, you may have found yourself disconnected. You may have been told that who you are wasn't okay and needed to be changed to be acceptable. You may have found that your relationships don't feel as satisfying as you hoped they would be. You may, as a result, find yourself with that constant nagging feeling that no matter what, you're somehow too much and not enough all at the same time. As your therapist, I want to get you back in touch with who you are so you can live more authentically into your values, identity, and desires.
As you grew up and made your way through the world, you may have found yourself disconnected. You may have been told that who you are wasn't okay and needed to be changed to be acceptable. You may have found that your relationships don't feel as satisfying as you hoped they would be. You may, as a result, find yourself with that constant nagging feeling that no matter what, you're somehow too much and not enough all at the same time. As your therapist, I want to get you back in touch with who you are so you can live more authentically into your values, identity, and desires.
(629) 200-6766 View (629) 200-6766
Photo of Claire Fajardo Belcher, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Claire Fajardo Belcher
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37211
I work with adults and teenagers experiencing mental health challenges such as anxiety, depression, grief, PTSD, complex PTSD, Schizophrenia, Bi-polar, Emotional Disturbance, Reactive Attachment Disorder and addiction. Additionally, I have an extensive background history working with teenagers and adults diagnosed with Asperger's and Autism Spectrum Disorder.
I work with adults and teenagers experiencing mental health challenges such as anxiety, depression, grief, PTSD, complex PTSD, Schizophrenia, Bi-polar, Emotional Disturbance, Reactive Attachment Disorder and addiction. Additionally, I have an extensive background history working with teenagers and adults diagnosed with Asperger's and Autism Spectrum Disorder.
(615) 802-4973 View (615) 802-4973
Photo of Mara Fleischer, PsyD, HSP, Psychologist
Mara Fleischer
Psychologist, PsyD, HSP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37212
Sometimes the problems we face feel insurmountable. At times, we even feel embarrassed or ashamed to talk about them. I provide a space for you to be accepted, listened to and understood. Using an evidence-based approach grounded in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, you will learn the tools to help you make changes to your life - in line with your values.
Sometimes the problems we face feel insurmountable. At times, we even feel embarrassed or ashamed to talk about them. I provide a space for you to be accepted, listened to and understood. Using an evidence-based approach grounded in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, you will learn the tools to help you make changes to your life - in line with your values.
(615) 454-9247 View (615) 454-9247
Photo of Rebecca R Walker, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Rebecca R Walker
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37212
I believe that therapy is a unique opportunity to have a safe and empathic place to share one's story. It is a privilege for me to journey alongside others as they discover who they are in the midst of that story. I approach therapy in an eclectic manner, and have experience in a variety of therapeutic issues. I work with both individuals and couples interested in seeking treatment for depression, anxiety, relational distress, conflict resolution, and personal growth.
I believe that therapy is a unique opportunity to have a safe and empathic place to share one's story. It is a privilege for me to journey alongside others as they discover who they are in the midst of that story. I approach therapy in an eclectic manner, and have experience in a variety of therapeutic issues. I work with both individuals and couples interested in seeking treatment for depression, anxiety, relational distress, conflict resolution, and personal growth.
(615) 450-6533 View (615) 450-6533
Photo of Jeffrey Allan Browning, LADACII, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Jeffrey Allan Browning
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LADACII
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37205
Do you or someone you love struggle with addiction? My passion is working with individuals and families dealing with drug and alcohol abuse. Feelings of shame, anger, and confusion are common when faced with this illness. You are not alone! For the past 20 years, I have worked with the best addiction professionals in the country, and bring their collective knowledge and compassion to each individual that I work with. Every client is different, and what works for one person, may not work for another. Together, we can find a solution so you can reclaim your life and your purpose.
Do you or someone you love struggle with addiction? My passion is working with individuals and families dealing with drug and alcohol abuse. Feelings of shame, anger, and confusion are common when faced with this illness. You are not alone! For the past 20 years, I have worked with the best addiction professionals in the country, and bring their collective knowledge and compassion to each individual that I work with. Every client is different, and what works for one person, may not work for another. Together, we can find a solution so you can reclaim your life and your purpose.
(615) 236-6766 View (615) 236-6766
Photo of Jillian Locke, MS, LPCMHSP, (T), Pre-Licensed Professional
Jillian Locke
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, LPCMHSP, (T)
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37208
Growth, depth, and hope can come when others walk alongside you- we are not meant to do this alone. My desire is to create this experience for those who are needing help because I know how valuable and necessary it is to have someone supporting you along the way. Through an intentional & collaborative relationship, I aim to be a tool and resource to help shine light where you are experiencing darkness by tailoring to your specific needs and goals.
Growth, depth, and hope can come when others walk alongside you- we are not meant to do this alone. My desire is to create this experience for those who are needing help because I know how valuable and necessary it is to have someone supporting you along the way. Through an intentional & collaborative relationship, I aim to be a tool and resource to help shine light where you are experiencing darkness by tailoring to your specific needs and goals.
(615) 219-5226 View (615) 219-5226
Photo of Angela Simon, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Angela Simon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37203
I am a licensed clinical social worker and have been in practice for fifteen years. I believe that people have the capacity to change and make improvements in their lives. And, I see myself as a partner in the change process. I am someone that you can trust who will listen with compassion-free from judgment. I am easy to talk to and I will share with you my thoughts, ideas and strategies to assist you as you move towards change. I am compassionate and will treat you with respect and understanding.
I am a licensed clinical social worker and have been in practice for fifteen years. I believe that people have the capacity to change and make improvements in their lives. And, I see myself as a partner in the change process. I am someone that you can trust who will listen with compassion-free from judgment. I am easy to talk to and I will share with you my thoughts, ideas and strategies to assist you as you move towards change. I am compassionate and will treat you with respect and understanding.
(615) 219-1074 View (615) 219-1074
Photo of Kaci Allen, LPCMHSP, MCSPC, MSCMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kaci Allen
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCMHSP, MCSPC, MSCMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37215
Many obstacles can interfere with living life to its fullest, but they don't have to. Creating a focused plan and sticking with it can be life changing, and at times deeper issues are at play. In my practice I work with high performing individuals such as Athletes, Entertainers and Public Figures, as well as their families. Having competed and worked in the Sport and Entertainment Industries for more than twenty years, I've developed a unique approach incorporating performance psychology, positive mental health and mindfulness to consistently help clients around the world meet and exceed their goals.
Many obstacles can interfere with living life to its fullest, but they don't have to. Creating a focused plan and sticking with it can be life changing, and at times deeper issues are at play. In my practice I work with high performing individuals such as Athletes, Entertainers and Public Figures, as well as their families. Having competed and worked in the Sport and Entertainment Industries for more than twenty years, I've developed a unique approach incorporating performance psychology, positive mental health and mindfulness to consistently help clients around the world meet and exceed their goals.
(615) 489-8054 View (615) 489-8054
Photo of Laura Anderson - Laura Anderson, PhD, LMFT, PhD, LMFT, AAMFT, Approve, Supervi, Marriage & Family Therapist
Laura Anderson, PhD, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT, AAMFT, Approve, Supervi
Verified Verified
10 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37212  (Online Only)
It takes a brave person to recognize that they want more in life; it takes a courageous person to go after that. Trauma, regardless of where it stems from, alters all areas of life including how we see ourselves, others, and the world, how we relate, how we feel in our bodies, how we express emotions, how we think, and our personal sense of safety and autonomy in the world. We desire to help you resolve the experiences that resulted in trauma and recover from the impact trauma has had on your life.
It takes a brave person to recognize that they want more in life; it takes a courageous person to go after that. Trauma, regardless of where it stems from, alters all areas of life including how we see ourselves, others, and the world, how we relate, how we feel in our bodies, how we express emotions, how we think, and our personal sense of safety and autonomy in the world. We desire to help you resolve the experiences that resulted in trauma and recover from the impact trauma has had on your life.
(615) 206-7375 View (615) 206-7375
Photo of Gankoya Sinlah, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Gankoya Sinlah
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37207  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Life is a gigantic book. What chapter are you on in your story? Therapy can be scary and unfamiliar, knowing this, I strive to provide a safe, empathetic, non-judgmental space for you to process moments in your present and past chapter(s).
Life is a gigantic book. What chapter are you on in your story? Therapy can be scary and unfamiliar, knowing this, I strive to provide a safe, empathetic, non-judgmental space for you to process moments in your present and past chapter(s).
(615) 205-8655 View (615) 205-8655
Photo of Sarah B Rodgers, MA, LMFT, RDT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sarah B Rodgers
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, RDT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37207
I help you create more of the life you want, one that feels better and is more personally satisfying. I work with trauma, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, boundaries, narcissistic wounding, somatic issues, & other obstacles that keep you from thriving. Clients often reach out to me because they're feeling anxious, panicky, isolated, frustrated in relationships, stuck in perfectionism or people-pleasing, sad, unlike their usual selves, or desire for a deeper level of healing. If you want a collaborator to help you find your own unique way and provide practical strategies with a deep healing approach, I may be your person.
I help you create more of the life you want, one that feels better and is more personally satisfying. I work with trauma, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, boundaries, narcissistic wounding, somatic issues, & other obstacles that keep you from thriving. Clients often reach out to me because they're feeling anxious, panicky, isolated, frustrated in relationships, stuck in perfectionism or people-pleasing, sad, unlike their usual selves, or desire for a deeper level of healing. If you want a collaborator to help you find your own unique way and provide practical strategies with a deep healing approach, I may be your person.
(615) 541-4004 View (615) 541-4004
Photo of Amiee Michele Sadler, MSW, CNP, Pre-Licensed Professional
Amiee Michele Sadler
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, CNP
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37207
“I dream of never being called resilient again”. Though resilience is a cornerstone of social work practice, my dream is of a life that doesn’t require it as a prerequisite of Black personhood, but here we are. Sometime’s, “life be lifing” and that’s okay! My goal is to help you navigate those moments. Behavior is a form for communication and my goal is to help you tell your story in a way that is authentic and impactful. Things can be hard and sometimes, overwhelming. Let me help you navigate those challenges in a way that empowers you to have confidence in your decision making and build trust in your abilities.
“I dream of never being called resilient again”. Though resilience is a cornerstone of social work practice, my dream is of a life that doesn’t require it as a prerequisite of Black personhood, but here we are. Sometime’s, “life be lifing” and that’s okay! My goal is to help you navigate those moments. Behavior is a form for communication and my goal is to help you tell your story in a way that is authentic and impactful. Things can be hard and sometimes, overwhelming. Let me help you navigate those challenges in a way that empowers you to have confidence in your decision making and build trust in your abilities.
(629) 306-9741 View (629) 306-9741
Photo of Kelly Geelan, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kelly Geelan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37212  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I am Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Tennessee with 5 years of experience with children, adults and families. My background includes inpatient care at Vanderbilt University Medical Center as well as behavioral therapy in Boston, MA. I have experience in many areas but specialize in a few. The first is individuals (children, adolescents and adults) that are neurodiverse, specifically struggling with Autism or ADHD. Additionally, I love working with parents/caregivers to support through new diagnosis and behavior challenges. Finally, I have a passion for working with clients experiencing anxiety disorders such as GAD or OCD.
I am Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Tennessee with 5 years of experience with children, adults and families. My background includes inpatient care at Vanderbilt University Medical Center as well as behavioral therapy in Boston, MA. I have experience in many areas but specialize in a few. The first is individuals (children, adolescents and adults) that are neurodiverse, specifically struggling with Autism or ADHD. Additionally, I love working with parents/caregivers to support through new diagnosis and behavior challenges. Finally, I have a passion for working with clients experiencing anxiety disorders such as GAD or OCD.
(615) 558-5657 View (615) 558-5657
Photo of Caroline Reed Horton, Pre-Licensed Professional
Caroline Reed Horton
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37204  (Online Only)
One of the most beautiful things about being human is our ability to change. Yet, from observation and personal experience, I know how easy it is to feel stuck in destructive thoughts and behaviors. The good news is that you do not have to remain in a pit; it is possible to live a more hopeful, healthful, and whole life. Counseling is designed to foster this kind of growth. I believe in the importance of addressing the mind, body, and spirit and am compassion-focused, trauma-informed, and strengths-based. It would be an honor to work with you.
One of the most beautiful things about being human is our ability to change. Yet, from observation and personal experience, I know how easy it is to feel stuck in destructive thoughts and behaviors. The good news is that you do not have to remain in a pit; it is possible to live a more hopeful, healthful, and whole life. Counseling is designed to foster this kind of growth. I believe in the importance of addressing the mind, body, and spirit and am compassion-focused, trauma-informed, and strengths-based. It would be an honor to work with you.
(615) 437-6302 View (615) 437-6302
Photo of Michele A Daniel, MA, LPC, MHSP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Michele A Daniel
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37205
Accepting New Clients: Child and adolescent therapy specialist who offers many years of experience working with youth and their families. I am able to help children, teens, young adults, and families by providing empathetic support and instilling a new life perspective which focuses on the positive and increases hope. My clients become future-focused while also building confidence and resilience. I approach counseling from a strengths-based approach which is supported by research in positive psychology. To learn more about my background and experience, please click my website link on the left.
Accepting New Clients: Child and adolescent therapy specialist who offers many years of experience working with youth and their families. I am able to help children, teens, young adults, and families by providing empathetic support and instilling a new life perspective which focuses on the positive and increases hope. My clients become future-focused while also building confidence and resilience. I approach counseling from a strengths-based approach which is supported by research in positive psychology. To learn more about my background and experience, please click my website link on the left.
(615) 257-8376 View (615) 257-8376
Photo of Kaycee Whiteside, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kaycee Whiteside
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37205  (Online Only)
I am passionate about empowering folks to live a life full of meaning and connection. At the core of my client work is the desire to support people in feeling safer in their bodies, more secure in their relationships, and more fully present in their day-to-day lives. My purpose is to provide you with a welcoming & supportive space, compassionate perspective, and valuable tools to guide you in developing more self-kindness, feeling safer in your body, improving your relationships, and designing a life worth living on your own terms.
I am passionate about empowering folks to live a life full of meaning and connection. At the core of my client work is the desire to support people in feeling safer in their bodies, more secure in their relationships, and more fully present in their day-to-day lives. My purpose is to provide you with a welcoming & supportive space, compassionate perspective, and valuable tools to guide you in developing more self-kindness, feeling safer in your body, improving your relationships, and designing a life worth living on your own terms.
(615) 437-5936 View (615) 437-5936
Photo of Jess Costaldi, LPC, MHSP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jess Costaldi
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37216
As a systems-focused narrative therapist, I help my clients explore the personal, relational and societal stories (both useful and problematic) that shape and give meaning to their lives. My collaborative sessions highlight and emphasize clients' strengths and innate ability to "re-write" difficult chapters of their stories so that new pathways to empowered, inspired living can emerge.
As a systems-focused narrative therapist, I help my clients explore the personal, relational and societal stories (both useful and problematic) that shape and give meaning to their lives. My collaborative sessions highlight and emphasize clients' strengths and innate ability to "re-write" difficult chapters of their stories so that new pathways to empowered, inspired living can emerge.
(615) 697-4877 View (615) 697-4877
Photo of Jordan Bear, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jordan Bear
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
I believe absolutely everyone has the ability to actualize the change they wish to see in their lives. And in that, there is hope. I want to offer you a safe, comfortable, judgement-free space to come as you are and begin your therapeutic journey. I am excited to collaborate with you on your goals, call out your strengths, and work with you, at your pace, towards a healthier you.
I believe absolutely everyone has the ability to actualize the change they wish to see in their lives. And in that, there is hope. I want to offer you a safe, comfortable, judgement-free space to come as you are and begin your therapeutic journey. I am excited to collaborate with you on your goals, call out your strengths, and work with you, at your pace, towards a healthier you.
(615) 903-5623 View (615) 903-5623

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Nashville, TN

1,000+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Nashville, TN who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
84% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
68% Coping Skills
68% Stress

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Aetna
76% Cigna and Evernorth
65% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Nashville, TN see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Nashville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.