Therapists in Santee, CA

Photo of Ian Saward - Grow Through Life Counseling Santee , LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Grow Through Life Counseling Santee
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santee, CA 92071
Hello and welcome! Grow Through Life Counseling is a group private practice welcoming both in person clients in Santee, CA and via Telehealth in CA. We have immediate openings and are accepting new clients. Our Mission is to provide quality counseling for all ages throughout life. We provide culturally sensitive and inclusive care for all children, teens, adults, couples and families. We respect each family member's unique identities, perspectives and experiences in life. With effective and creative psychotherapeutic interventions, we support emotional growth and development during the various stages of life to be healthier.
Hello and welcome! Grow Through Life Counseling is a group private practice welcoming both in person clients in Santee, CA and via Telehealth in CA. We have immediate openings and are accepting new clients. Our Mission is to provide quality counseling for all ages throughout life. We provide culturally sensitive and inclusive care for all children, teens, adults, couples and families. We respect each family member's unique identities, perspectives and experiences in life. With effective and creative psychotherapeutic interventions, we support emotional growth and development during the various stages of life to be healthier.
(619) 932-6219 View (619) 932-6219
Photo of Stacey Ruiz, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stacey Ruiz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santee, CA 92071
My name is Stacey Ruiz and I am a bilingual Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in Southern California. I work with children and adolescents to help navigate feelings of anxiety, stress, and grief and loss, using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and play-based interventions to help them begin feeling better. My approach to therapy starts with creating a safe and supportive space to identify each client's needs. I most frequently use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and play-based interventions to help my clients develop healthy thinking patterns and coping strategies.
My name is Stacey Ruiz and I am a bilingual Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in Southern California. I work with children and adolescents to help navigate feelings of anxiety, stress, and grief and loss, using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and play-based interventions to help them begin feeling better. My approach to therapy starts with creating a safe and supportive space to identify each client's needs. I most frequently use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and play-based interventions to help my clients develop healthy thinking patterns and coping strategies.
(619) 345-5932 View (619) 345-5932
Photo of Julia Johnson, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Julia Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santee, CA 92072  (Online Only)
I believe in the dignity and worth of all people. I have 18 years of experience working in health care and providing therapy. I have witnessed first-hand people becoming anxious, depressed and overwhelmed when their lives transform due to illness or changes out of their control. I listen with empathy and compassion and help individuals adapt and adjust to changes in their lives. Thank you for stopping to check my profile! I am licensed in both CA and UT. Please reach out by phone or email and I will be happy to set up a virtual session with you.
I believe in the dignity and worth of all people. I have 18 years of experience working in health care and providing therapy. I have witnessed first-hand people becoming anxious, depressed and overwhelmed when their lives transform due to illness or changes out of their control. I listen with empathy and compassion and help individuals adapt and adjust to changes in their lives. Thank you for stopping to check my profile! I am licensed in both CA and UT. Please reach out by phone or email and I will be happy to set up a virtual session with you.
(619) 678-2702 View (619) 678-2702
Photo of Raymond Edward McIntyre, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Raymond Edward McIntyre
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Santee, CA 92071
Deal with your relationships issues with a caring professional. We help Individuals and couples with: trust issues (hiding texting, cell calls, affairs), anger problems, communication problems and excessive arguing. Now is the time to make that call, get out of the same old rut and start to feel better today.
Deal with your relationships issues with a caring professional. We help Individuals and couples with: trust issues (hiding texting, cell calls, affairs), anger problems, communication problems and excessive arguing. Now is the time to make that call, get out of the same old rut and start to feel better today.
(619) 432-6712 View (619) 432-6712
Photo of Esther Yi, PsyD
Esther Yi
PsyD
Verified Verified
Santee, CA 92071  (Online Only)
Life is sometimes unexpectedly difficult and suffering can be inevitable. However, how you respond to life circumstances can drastically change your ability to enjoy life. I have worked with those that believed in lies about themselves after a traumatic incident, childhood, or their own minds. These lies can be crippling and result in anxiety, depression, addictions, school related difficulties, stress, anger, parenting, communication difficulties, relational issues, family problems, job dissatisfaction and more. I provide different perspectives that encourage personal healing and relief. Change your mind change your life
Life is sometimes unexpectedly difficult and suffering can be inevitable. However, how you respond to life circumstances can drastically change your ability to enjoy life. I have worked with those that believed in lies about themselves after a traumatic incident, childhood, or their own minds. These lies can be crippling and result in anxiety, depression, addictions, school related difficulties, stress, anger, parenting, communication difficulties, relational issues, family problems, job dissatisfaction and more. I provide different perspectives that encourage personal healing and relief. Change your mind change your life
(619) 367-9154 View (619) 367-9154
Photo of Andrea Guttman, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Andrea Guttman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santee, CA 92071  (Online Only)
Hi! I’m Andrea, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and the owner of Tulipa Therapy. I have over 15 years of experience in community mental health, juvenile justice, and school system settings. I work with adults and teens and love holding space for people and their experiences. I’m certified in maternal mental health and my specialties include, anxiety, burnout, grief/loss, life transitions, perfectionism, self-esteem, stress, motherhood, and parenting.
Hi! I’m Andrea, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and the owner of Tulipa Therapy. I have over 15 years of experience in community mental health, juvenile justice, and school system settings. I work with adults and teens and love holding space for people and their experiences. I’m certified in maternal mental health and my specialties include, anxiety, burnout, grief/loss, life transitions, perfectionism, self-esteem, stress, motherhood, and parenting.
(619) 625-5982 View (619) 625-5982
Tashina Jaques
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santee, CA 92071
Tashina is a therapist for San Diego based mental healthcare provider Fusion Care Group. Fusion Care Group is changing the way people think about and receive mental health service and support. We offer a welcoming and accepting environment where you can feel calm and comfortable while in our care. Our relaxed, modern atmosphere and our amazing, highly trained Psychologists, Psychiatrists and therapists are here for you. Our hope is to provide a place to help our clients achieve their life goals, explore life-circumstances, move through difficult life transitions.
Tashina is a therapist for San Diego based mental healthcare provider Fusion Care Group. Fusion Care Group is changing the way people think about and receive mental health service and support. We offer a welcoming and accepting environment where you can feel calm and comfortable while in our care. Our relaxed, modern atmosphere and our amazing, highly trained Psychologists, Psychiatrists and therapists are here for you. Our hope is to provide a place to help our clients achieve their life goals, explore life-circumstances, move through difficult life transitions.
(619) 853-2385 View (619) 853-2385
Photo of Michelle Park, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Michelle Park
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santee, CA 92071
Hi! My name is Michelle and I’m a licensed marriage and family therapist. I am currently accepting new referrals. I have over 10 years experience working with children, parents and families. I specialize in relationships between children and parents, biracial parenting, multi-racial children and I enjoy helping family systems navigate daily struggles of living at home during the pandemic. You can read more about me at www.counselingsdc.com I would love to connect mpark@counselingsdc.com
Hi! My name is Michelle and I’m a licensed marriage and family therapist. I am currently accepting new referrals. I have over 10 years experience working with children, parents and families. I specialize in relationships between children and parents, biracial parenting, multi-racial children and I enjoy helping family systems navigate daily struggles of living at home during the pandemic. You can read more about me at www.counselingsdc.com I would love to connect mpark@counselingsdc.com
(619) 415-8930 View (619) 415-8930
Photo of Caitlin Weber, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Caitlin Weber
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santee, CA 92071  (Online Only)
Caitlin Weber, M.A., LMFT is interested in connecting with and understanding human beings better. Her primary specialties in her private practice are anxiety, adjustment disorder and stress. Caitlin is a person-centered Mental Health Practitioner who often integrates Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Psychodynamic in her approach with clients. She graduated with her master's degree in clinical psychology (with an emphasis in Marriage and Family Therapy). Then completed her Clinical Associateship (3,000+ hours) and two California Board exams to acquire her active Marriage and Family Therapist License (LMFT).
Caitlin Weber, M.A., LMFT is interested in connecting with and understanding human beings better. Her primary specialties in her private practice are anxiety, adjustment disorder and stress. Caitlin is a person-centered Mental Health Practitioner who often integrates Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Psychodynamic in her approach with clients. She graduated with her master's degree in clinical psychology (with an emphasis in Marriage and Family Therapy). Then completed her Clinical Associateship (3,000+ hours) and two California Board exams to acquire her active Marriage and Family Therapist License (LMFT).
(619) 330-0494 View (619) 330-0494
Photo of Victoria Buskirk, AMFT, CCht, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Victoria Buskirk
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, CCht
Verified Verified
Santee, CA 92071
Waitlist for new clients
I am a dedicated Associate Marriage and Family Therapist specializing in EMDR, Hypnotherapy, Strategic MRI, Solution Focused Therapy, and REBT. I have a heart-centered approach with specialties focused on trauma, inner child healing, substance abuse, women's issues and perinatal and postnatal mood disorders. I enjoy integrating individualized spirituality to enhance psychological well-being. My focus is on brief therapy, targeting specific goals to equip you with resilience and skills for life's challenges. Let’s explore your path to healing together! Email Preferred.
I am a dedicated Associate Marriage and Family Therapist specializing in EMDR, Hypnotherapy, Strategic MRI, Solution Focused Therapy, and REBT. I have a heart-centered approach with specialties focused on trauma, inner child healing, substance abuse, women's issues and perinatal and postnatal mood disorders. I enjoy integrating individualized spirituality to enhance psychological well-being. My focus is on brief therapy, targeting specific goals to equip you with resilience and skills for life's challenges. Let’s explore your path to healing together! Email Preferred.
(619) 473-7821 View (619) 473-7821
Photo of Kaitlin Olson, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kaitlin Olson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santee, CA 92071
My name is Kaitlin Olson, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT). My therapeutic approach involves exploring your past to identify and ultimately change current problem behaviors. I believe gaining insight and healing from past experiences, and relationships is the key to finding peace in your life. I find using a combination of theoretical approaches is helpful for my clients. I combine attachment theory and cognitive behavioral therapy to help my clients identify and change the areas in their lives they find problematic.
My name is Kaitlin Olson, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT). My therapeutic approach involves exploring your past to identify and ultimately change current problem behaviors. I believe gaining insight and healing from past experiences, and relationships is the key to finding peace in your life. I find using a combination of theoretical approaches is helpful for my clients. I combine attachment theory and cognitive behavioral therapy to help my clients identify and change the areas in their lives they find problematic.
(858) 758-1730 View (858) 758-1730
Photo of Caitlyn Kiraly, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Caitlyn Kiraly
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santee, CA 92071  (Online Only)
Hello, my name is Caity Kiraly and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in both California and Colorado (CA License 122145, CO License 09930648). My goal is to provide you with a safe and non-judgmental environment for you to process challenging emotions and life circumstances. My areas of focus are eating disorder treatment/ recovery, LGBTQIA+ challenges and stressors, athletes or former athletes navigating performance issues and retirement, depression, anxiety, and general life/ relationship stressors.
Hello, my name is Caity Kiraly and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in both California and Colorado (CA License 122145, CO License 09930648). My goal is to provide you with a safe and non-judgmental environment for you to process challenging emotions and life circumstances. My areas of focus are eating disorder treatment/ recovery, LGBTQIA+ challenges and stressors, athletes or former athletes navigating performance issues and retirement, depression, anxiety, and general life/ relationship stressors.
(619) 996-0473 View (619) 996-0473
Photo of Marshawn Rodgers, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Marshawn Rodgers
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santee, CA 92071
Hello, my name is Marshawn Rodgers. I am a psychotherapist who is available to create a safe, nonjudgmental space for you to express feelings, fears, struggles, and eventual victories. Congratulations on taking the first steps to heal. Begin by acknowledging your courage to discuss your struggles and make your hope a reality. I would welcome the opportunity to work with you.
Hello, my name is Marshawn Rodgers. I am a psychotherapist who is available to create a safe, nonjudgmental space for you to express feelings, fears, struggles, and eventual victories. Congratulations on taking the first steps to heal. Begin by acknowledging your courage to discuss your struggles and make your hope a reality. I would welcome the opportunity to work with you.
(619) 413-0135 View (619) 413-0135
Photo of Jenée L Harris - Jenée Harris First Responder Mental Health, LMFT, EMDR, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jenée Harris First Responder Mental Health
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, EMDR
Verified Verified
Santee, CA 92071  (Online Only)
Hi, I’m so glad you have taken a step to beginning therapy. I work with a variety of clients who are 18+ via Telehealth in California. I have specialized training as well as both personal and professional experience with supporting first responders, military personnel, and their families. I also see civilians at my practice. My approach is caring, supportive, and direct. Your time is important, I will work with you to identify goals and work toward them in a way that meets your needs. I bring humor, honesty, and compassion into sessions to create a space and relationship that allows for trust, safety, and accountability.
Hi, I’m so glad you have taken a step to beginning therapy. I work with a variety of clients who are 18+ via Telehealth in California. I have specialized training as well as both personal and professional experience with supporting first responders, military personnel, and their families. I also see civilians at my practice. My approach is caring, supportive, and direct. Your time is important, I will work with you to identify goals and work toward them in a way that meets your needs. I bring humor, honesty, and compassion into sessions to create a space and relationship that allows for trust, safety, and accountability.
(619) 949-3731 View (619) 949-3731
Breaking the Cycle Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santee, CA 92071
Breaking the Cycle Counseling Inc. is dedicated to exactly what it's name says, breaking the cycle. We are excited about our mission and look forward to reaching those suffering in the cycle that has consumed their lives; cycle of abuse, cycle of addiction, the many cycles of depression or anxiety, cycle of life and whatever it brings. Breaking the Cycle Counseling also provides free counseling services to communities in San Diego. Our dedicated team of master-level licensed, associate, and practicum therapists help individuals break free from cycles that hold them back, promoting healing and well-being for all.
Breaking the Cycle Counseling Inc. is dedicated to exactly what it's name says, breaking the cycle. We are excited about our mission and look forward to reaching those suffering in the cycle that has consumed their lives; cycle of abuse, cycle of addiction, the many cycles of depression or anxiety, cycle of life and whatever it brings. Breaking the Cycle Counseling also provides free counseling services to communities in San Diego. Our dedicated team of master-level licensed, associate, and practicum therapists help individuals break free from cycles that hold them back, promoting healing and well-being for all.
(619) 304-5548 View (619) 304-5548
Photo of Jeri Wilson, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jeri Wilson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santee, CA 92071  (Online Only)
Hello, my name is Jeri. Do you feel like you have always been the responsible one who gets things done but lately are starting to feel resentful or just plain exhausted? Are you dealing with emotionally immature family members/co-workers/friends? Do you find it difficult to put yourself first?
Hello, my name is Jeri. Do you feel like you have always been the responsible one who gets things done but lately are starting to feel resentful or just plain exhausted? Are you dealing with emotionally immature family members/co-workers/friends? Do you find it difficult to put yourself first?
(619) 737-3372 View (619) 737-3372
Photo of Jose Gonzalez, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jose Gonzalez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santee, CA 92071
Hi, My name is Jose Gonzalez and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) with over 10 years of experience. I have worked with clients ages 3-98 years old. I believe that everyone deserves fair, good, and quality care. I have experience working in many different Mental Health Services capacities. I feel privileged to work with individuals with depression, anxiety, trauma, psychosis, and all other mental illness. My approach to therapy varies depending on where the client is at in treatment. I mainly utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
Hi, My name is Jose Gonzalez and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) with over 10 years of experience. I have worked with clients ages 3-98 years old. I believe that everyone deserves fair, good, and quality care. I have experience working in many different Mental Health Services capacities. I feel privileged to work with individuals with depression, anxiety, trauma, psychosis, and all other mental illness. My approach to therapy varies depending on where the client is at in treatment. I mainly utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
(619) 350-2748 View (619) 350-2748
Photo of Jeri Wilson, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jeri Wilson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santee, CA 92071
You feel like you have done pretty well in life but there is something stopping you from feeling 100%. You are not sure how you became such a responsible, caring person when your childhood was so chaotic. These days you struggle with how to deal with the dysfunctional people in your life and wonder why you pick the wrong people to be in relationships with. You want to work on yourself but are not sure where to start. You deal with anxiety, panic attacks and often times feel depressed
You feel like you have done pretty well in life but there is something stopping you from feeling 100%. You are not sure how you became such a responsible, caring person when your childhood was so chaotic. These days you struggle with how to deal with the dysfunctional people in your life and wonder why you pick the wrong people to be in relationships with. You want to work on yourself but are not sure where to start. You deal with anxiety, panic attacks and often times feel depressed
(619) 673-9325 View (619) 673-9325
Photo of Samantha Lopez Imf Supervisor, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Samantha Lopez Imf Supervisor
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santee, CA 92071
To best serve you, we offer WEEKEND and EVENING APPOINTMENTS as well as SUPERVISION FOR ASSOCIATE INTERNS and TRAINEES. There are as many different kinds of therapists as there are people in the world and the best way to gain the most benefits from therapy is to find a therapist who is a good fit for you. A goal I have is to help people recognize that to receive therapy is to receive guidance in a way that builds a person up less through advise and more so through thought provoking personal insight and unconditional acceptance. To come to therapy shows you have the strength, courage, and desire to be a better you. Way to go!
To best serve you, we offer WEEKEND and EVENING APPOINTMENTS as well as SUPERVISION FOR ASSOCIATE INTERNS and TRAINEES. There are as many different kinds of therapists as there are people in the world and the best way to gain the most benefits from therapy is to find a therapist who is a good fit for you. A goal I have is to help people recognize that to receive therapy is to receive guidance in a way that builds a person up less through advise and more so through thought provoking personal insight and unconditional acceptance. To come to therapy shows you have the strength, courage, and desire to be a better you. Way to go!
(619) 768-2911 View (619) 768-2911
Photo of Terisa Maria Berger, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Terisa Maria Berger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santee, CA 92071  (Online Only)
Feeling like you are not enough can lead to a life of anxiety and depression. Are you ready to reframe and reclaim the life you deserve? I will work with you in a way that is transparent, person-centered, and challenging to help you achieve your personal mental health goals.
Feeling like you are not enough can lead to a life of anxiety and depression. Are you ready to reframe and reclaim the life you deserve? I will work with you in a way that is transparent, person-centered, and challenging to help you achieve your personal mental health goals.
(619) 330-0426 x100 View (619) 330-0426 x100
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Santee, CA

60+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Santee, CA who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
78% Depression
78% Self Esteem
77% Coping Skills
65% Stress
62% Trauma and PTSD
57% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

89% Aetna
84% Cigna and Evernorth
76% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Santee, CA see their clients

76% In Person and Online
24% Online Only

Gender breakdown

72% Female
27% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Santee?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.