Depression Therapists in Mission Hills, KS

Photo of James (Jamie) Copaken, LCSW, LSCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
James (Jamie) Copaken
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LSCSW
Verified Verified
Mission Hills, KS 66208
Since earning degrees from the University of Pennsylvania and Columbia University, I have helped people work through difficulties, including peer and family conflict, addiction, depression, anxiety, divorce, and grief.
We're all faced with challenges, big and small. Sometimes these grow to overpower and overwhelm us. The adults, children, and families I work with say that I help them feel heard, valued, comfortable, and that I provide a safe place to explore options and pick the right solutions.
Since earning degrees from the University of Pennsylvania and Columbia University, I have helped people work through difficulties, including peer and family conflict, addiction, depression, anxiety, divorce, and grief.
We're all faced with challenges, big and small. Sometimes these grow to overpower and overwhelm us. The adults, children, and families I work with say that I help them feel heard, valued, comfortable, and that I provide a safe place to explore options and pick the right solutions.
(913) 355-6267 View (913) 355-6267
Photo of Caryn Hess - Caryn Hess -anxiety relief, LPC, MS, MBTI, Licensed Professional Counselor
Caryn Hess -anxiety relief
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MS, MBTI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mission Hills, KS 66208
Is anxiety preventing you from fully experiencing your life? Do you feel like even when things are going well that you are always on the brink of slipping back into despair? When you are overwhelmed with worry about what the future might bring, it's natural to try and withdraw to a place where you feel safe. However, the more you give into fear, the more powerless you become. It doesn't have to be this way. If you are struggling with anxiety or depression, you can learn practical skills and coping techniques to apply in everyday life.
Is anxiety preventing you from fully experiencing your life? Do you feel like even when things are going well that you are always on the brink of slipping back into despair? When you are overwhelmed with worry about what the future might bring, it's natural to try and withdraw to a place where you feel safe. However, the more you give into fear, the more powerless you become. It doesn't have to be this way. If you are struggling with anxiety or depression, you can learn practical skills and coping techniques to apply in everyday life.
(913) 534-8298 View (913) 534-8298
Photo of Dr. Shari Grady, PhD, LCPC, LPC, NCC, CISM, Counselor
Dr. Shari Grady
Counselor, PhD, LCPC, LPC, NCC, CISM
Verified Verified
Mission Hills, KS 66208
I specialize in treating stress/burnout, grief, anxiety, and depression, although I also enjoy working with relationship and blended family issues.
Most of my patients describe sessions with me as "effective." Yes, I'll sit and listen, empathize, and you'll know I genuinely care about you and your life. But you'll also probably hear things from me that others may not be willing to tell you. Why? Because I want to see you live the life you are capable of and unlocking many of those interactions helps with that process! I generally use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy along with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. They are both great types of therapy that focus on behavioral strategies for change after examination of your thinking.
I specialize in treating stress/burnout, grief, anxiety, and depression, although I also enjoy working with relationship and blended family issues.
Most of my patients describe sessions with me as "effective." Yes, I'll sit and listen, empathize, and you'll know I genuinely care about you and your life. But you'll also probably hear things from me that others may not be willing to tell you. Why? Because I want to see you live the life you are capable of and unlocking many of those interactions helps with that process! I generally use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy along with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. They are both great types of therapy that focus on behavioral strategies for change after examination of your thinking.
(913) 386-6785 View (913) 386-6785
Photo of Kenedee Parry, LMSW
Kenedee Parry
LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mission Hills, KS 66208
I work with a variety of children and individuals presenting with Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, Grief and Loss, Infertility/Women’s health, & Perfectionism.
“Authenticity is the daily practice of letting go of who we think we’re supposed to be and embracing who we are." Sometimes we lose ourselves along the way for whatever reason, be it trauma, loss, depression, anxiety or any number of human experiences. And guess what? It’s okay! You are not alone! When we are disconnected with ourselves, our thoughts lead us to believe we are not good enough or worthy of connection. But you are. It is so brave to want to grow, heal, and rediscover yourself. True healing comes from connection with others and authenticity to the self. I am here to meet you where you are!
I work with a variety of children and individuals presenting with Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, Grief and Loss, Infertility/Women’s health, & Perfectionism.
“Authenticity is the daily practice of letting go of who we think we’re supposed to be and embracing who we are." Sometimes we lose ourselves along the way for whatever reason, be it trauma, loss, depression, anxiety or any number of human experiences. And guess what? It’s okay! You are not alone! When we are disconnected with ourselves, our thoughts lead us to believe we are not good enough or worthy of connection. But you are. It is so brave to want to grow, heal, and rediscover yourself. True healing comes from connection with others and authenticity to the self. I am here to meet you where you are!
(913) 808-3255 View (913) 808-3255
Photo of Angie Viets, LCP, CEDS-S
Angie Viets
LCP, CEDS-S
Verified Verified
Mission Hills, KS 66208  (Online Only)
I'm a Licensed Clinical Psychotherapist with nearly 20 years of experience. My areas of interest and experience include treating adults experiencing a wide range of concerns such as, relationship problems, anxiety, depression, eating disorders, and life stressors (who doesn't have those?). I've had the unique opportunity over the years to work with physicians, professors, attorneys, and other therapists. I tend to work best with clients who are invested in making positive changes, personally and/or professionally, to create a meaningful life.
I'm a Licensed Clinical Psychotherapist with nearly 20 years of experience. My areas of interest and experience include treating adults experiencing a wide range of concerns such as, relationship problems, anxiety, depression, eating disorders, and life stressors (who doesn't have those?). I've had the unique opportunity over the years to work with physicians, professors, attorneys, and other therapists. I tend to work best with clients who are invested in making positive changes, personally and/or professionally, to create a meaningful life.
(785) 829-4709 View (785) 829-4709
Photo of Morgan A Mills, LCMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Morgan A Mills
Marriage & Family Therapist, LCMFT
Verified Verified
Mission Hills, KS 66208
Life isn't what we imagined it would be - especially when we are faced with anxiety, depression, trauma, or conflict with people we care about. Meaning, peace, and belonging can feel unattainable on our dark days. If you are feeling disconnected from yourself, others, or the life you want to live, therapy could be your first step toward healing. It can help spark your imagination for how you want your life to be and initiate steps toward change. Your relationship with yourself and those you care about can experience a new start and you can begin living fully again.
Life isn't what we imagined it would be - especially when we are faced with anxiety, depression, trauma, or conflict with people we care about. Meaning, peace, and belonging can feel unattainable on our dark days. If you are feeling disconnected from yourself, others, or the life you want to live, therapy could be your first step toward healing. It can help spark your imagination for how you want your life to be and initiate steps toward change. Your relationship with yourself and those you care about can experience a new start and you can begin living fully again.
(913) 318-5472 View (913) 318-5472
Photo of Alexandra Ross, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Alexandra Ross
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Mission Hills, KS 66208
Waitlist for new clients
Hi! I'm Alex, a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Missouri. I utilize a variety of science-based theories and techniques, such as DBT and EMDR, that have been clinically shown to help people change, experience relief from suffering, and improve their lives. I have extensive experience working with trauma, cPTSD and PTSD, Borderline Personality Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Adult Autism, Anxiety, Depression, and Dissociative Identity Disorder. By offering unconditional acceptance and support, I provide a safe space for us to work together so that you can reach your goals.
Hi! I'm Alex, a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Missouri. I utilize a variety of science-based theories and techniques, such as DBT and EMDR, that have been clinically shown to help people change, experience relief from suffering, and improve their lives. I have extensive experience working with trauma, cPTSD and PTSD, Borderline Personality Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Adult Autism, Anxiety, Depression, and Dissociative Identity Disorder. By offering unconditional acceptance and support, I provide a safe space for us to work together so that you can reach your goals.
(816) 200-0582 View (816) 200-0582
Photo of Melissa Anne McManamy, MS, LPC, ACC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Melissa Anne McManamy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, ACC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Mission Hills, KS 66208
You are not alone and I, too have experienced change, conquered fear, completed endurance races, made career transitions, balanced multiple hats, experienced loss & managed anxiety/ depression.
Hello, let’s be honest, this thing called ‘life’ can be challenging and sometimes its ok to ask for help. If you are here, you have taken the first step and I welcome the opportunity to help you. Whether you are embarking on a new career, transitioning in or out of a relationship, seeking increased interpersonal effectiveness through better integration of work, life & parenting, trying to build healthier thoughts, habits, and emotion regulation, building your self-esteem, working on self-compassion, trying to manage anxiety/ depression, or simply setting a life vision – I welcome the opportunity be your accountability partner.
You are not alone and I, too have experienced change, conquered fear, completed endurance races, made career transitions, balanced multiple hats, experienced loss & managed anxiety/ depression.
Hello, let’s be honest, this thing called ‘life’ can be challenging and sometimes its ok to ask for help. If you are here, you have taken the first step and I welcome the opportunity to help you. Whether you are embarking on a new career, transitioning in or out of a relationship, seeking increased interpersonal effectiveness through better integration of work, life & parenting, trying to build healthier thoughts, habits, and emotion regulation, building your self-esteem, working on self-compassion, trying to manage anxiety/ depression, or simply setting a life vision – I welcome the opportunity be your accountability partner.
(833) 799-0536 View (833) 799-0536
Photo of Jake Maggard, MA, LMFT, LCMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jake Maggard
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LCMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Mission Hills, KS 66208
Specializing in treating youth, individuals, couples, and families, has enabled me to help clients to better understand and process their past and current life circumstances, challenges, and barriers as they hone their ability not just survive life, but thrive in it. I am passionate about helping my clients define healthy boundaries, find healing, and grow relationships that create more fulfillment in their lives. Whether it be depression, anxiety, relational issues, divorce, separation, loss or grief, infidelity, infertility, men’s issues, performance issues, or family issues, I am here and ready to help!
Specializing in treating youth, individuals, couples, and families, has enabled me to help clients to better understand and process their past and current life circumstances, challenges, and barriers as they hone their ability not just survive life, but thrive in it. I am passionate about helping my clients define healthy boundaries, find healing, and grow relationships that create more fulfillment in their lives. Whether it be depression, anxiety, relational issues, divorce, separation, loss or grief, infidelity, infertility, men’s issues, performance issues, or family issues, I am here and ready to help!
(816) 323-8602 View (816) 323-8602
Photo of Liz Nasseri, MS, LPC, LCPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Liz Nasseri
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mission Hills, KS 66208
The reality is—sh!t happens. We all face difficult experiences throughout our lives. For those whose difficulties begin in childhood, it can carry into adulthood, impacting our relationships with ourselves and with our loved ones. Yet, I believe we are all people in progress, and when sh!t happens, shift can too. Because of this, I have intentionally built my practice around the treatment of anxiety, depression, and relationship distress derived from familial trauma and relational wounds.
The reality is—sh!t happens. We all face difficult experiences throughout our lives. For those whose difficulties begin in childhood, it can carry into adulthood, impacting our relationships with ourselves and with our loved ones. Yet, I believe we are all people in progress, and when sh!t happens, shift can too. Because of this, I have intentionally built my practice around the treatment of anxiety, depression, and relationship distress derived from familial trauma and relational wounds.
(816) 290-6737 View (816) 290-6737
Photo of Suzanne Muehlebach Garrett, LCSW, PsyD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Suzanne Muehlebach Garrett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PsyD
Verified Verified
Mission Hills, KS 66208
With 30 years experience in mental health, I have a conviction about the human capacity to grow, develop, and adapt throughout life. I appreciate that each person brings to therapy a unique self: the combination of one's personal characteristics, early family relationships, and life experiences. I practice from a psychodynamic perspective to better understand your current situation in a safe therapeutic environment of curiosity and collaboration.
With 30 years experience in mental health, I have a conviction about the human capacity to grow, develop, and adapt throughout life. I appreciate that each person brings to therapy a unique self: the combination of one's personal characteristics, early family relationships, and life experiences. I practice from a psychodynamic perspective to better understand your current situation in a safe therapeutic environment of curiosity and collaboration.
(816) 844-6404 View (816) 844-6404
Photo of Pamela P Anderson, MSW, LSCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Pamela P Anderson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mission Hills, KS 66208
Human behavior is complex. You search to solve your relational, family or mental health concerns and problems in one way or another. Some steps taken work better than others. My counseling work is designed around a study of the issues on your mind that concern you or others you care about. Together, we discover better, more balanced ways of addressing your concerns. You can feel better and in turn, be in better control of your life and the decisions you make.
Human behavior is complex. You search to solve your relational, family or mental health concerns and problems in one way or another. Some steps taken work better than others. My counseling work is designed around a study of the issues on your mind that concern you or others you care about. Together, we discover better, more balanced ways of addressing your concerns. You can feel better and in turn, be in better control of your life and the decisions you make.
(913) 270-1380 View (913) 270-1380
Photo of Dr. Thomas M. Letvinchuck Ironwoods Behavioral Health, PhD, LCMFT
Dr. Thomas M. Letvinchuck Ironwoods Behavioral Health
PhD, LCMFT
Verified Verified
Mission Hills, KS 66208
Greetings! My name is Dr. Thomas M. Letvinchuck. I am the founder of Ironwoods Behavioral Health here in Leawood, Kansas. I hold a Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology and maintain a LCMFT license in the State of Kansas. "I believe it is important to establish a good rapport with you; I want you to feel safe, seen, and understood; to achieve symptom relief, solutions, and to get you back on the right track. The types of treatment utilized in my practice will be tailored to your individual needs. Psychotherapy is not just about talking out problems and crisis issues, but about building self-confidence, courage and a belief in oneself."
Greetings! My name is Dr. Thomas M. Letvinchuck. I am the founder of Ironwoods Behavioral Health here in Leawood, Kansas. I hold a Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology and maintain a LCMFT license in the State of Kansas. "I believe it is important to establish a good rapport with you; I want you to feel safe, seen, and understood; to achieve symptom relief, solutions, and to get you back on the right track. The types of treatment utilized in my practice will be tailored to your individual needs. Psychotherapy is not just about talking out problems and crisis issues, but about building self-confidence, courage and a belief in oneself."
(913) 357-6319 View (913) 357-6319
Photo of Larry Ro-Trock, PhD, Psychologist
Larry Ro-Trock
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Mission Hills, KS 66208
Therapy, as I have practiced it for over 30 years, involves helping a client develop a new clarity about his or her life and its context. Some aspects of their life to explore are: their thoughts, feelings, values, concerns about others, and their concerns about themselves. Once a new clarity about their life is achieved, new solutions to their dilemmas will evolve. I certainly believe that clients are individuals, but I also know that they are connected to larger systems. My extensive knowledge of Individual and Family Systems allows me to work successfully with individuals, couples, and entire families.
Therapy, as I have practiced it for over 30 years, involves helping a client develop a new clarity about his or her life and its context. Some aspects of their life to explore are: their thoughts, feelings, values, concerns about others, and their concerns about themselves. Once a new clarity about their life is achieved, new solutions to their dilemmas will evolve. I certainly believe that clients are individuals, but I also know that they are connected to larger systems. My extensive knowledge of Individual and Family Systems allows me to work successfully with individuals, couples, and entire families.
(816) 523-4440 x1 View (816) 523-4440 x1
Photo of Sherri Jacobs, MS, LCMFT, MA, ATR, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sherri Jacobs
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LCMFT, MA, ATR
Verified Verified
Mission Hills, KS 66208
Sherri has 25 years of clinical experience as a registered art therapist and a LCMFT (licensed clinical marriage and family therapist). She combines exceptional listening skills with evidence based theories to make therapy sessions meaningful and transformative.
Sherri has 25 years of clinical experience as a registered art therapist and a LCMFT (licensed clinical marriage and family therapist). She combines exceptional listening skills with evidence based theories to make therapy sessions meaningful and transformative.
(913) 667-7485 View (913) 667-7485
Photo of Ada Gillespie Kelly, RN, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ada Gillespie Kelly
Licensed Professional Counselor, RN, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Mission Hills, KS 66208
I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor who specializes in personal growth, relationships, emotional wellbeing and spirituality. I enjoy working with a broad spectrum of clients who want to increase their awareness about their emotional, spiritual, and physical health. I enjoy guiding clients through changing habits, attitudes and beliefs and healing emotional obstacles that prevent them from feeling and being their best selves to support life-long well-being.
I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor who specializes in personal growth, relationships, emotional wellbeing and spirituality. I enjoy working with a broad spectrum of clients who want to increase their awareness about their emotional, spiritual, and physical health. I enjoy guiding clients through changing habits, attitudes and beliefs and healing emotional obstacles that prevent them from feeling and being their best selves to support life-long well-being.
(816) 203-1954 View (816) 203-1954
Photo of Jane R. McKinney - A Balanced Life LLC, MEd, MSW, LCSW, LSCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
A Balanced Life LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MEd, MSW, LCSW, LSCSW
Verified Verified
Mission Hills, KS 66208
Healing requires restoring trust in yourself and tapping into your strengths and inner wisdom. At A Balanced Life LLC we believe in each person's innate capacity for, and natural progression towards, healing. Our goal is to help you achieve relief, lasting change, and confidence. Trusting you as the expert, our therapeutic approaches follow your lead. A Balanced Life LLC offers therapy to people of all ages and stages of life, matching you to a therapist who provides effective therapy according to your needs and goals.
Healing requires restoring trust in yourself and tapping into your strengths and inner wisdom. At A Balanced Life LLC we believe in each person's innate capacity for, and natural progression towards, healing. Our goal is to help you achieve relief, lasting change, and confidence. Trusting you as the expert, our therapeutic approaches follow your lead. A Balanced Life LLC offers therapy to people of all ages and stages of life, matching you to a therapist who provides effective therapy according to your needs and goals.
(816) 470-9023 View (816) 470-9023
Photo of Holly Smith, MSFT, LCMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Holly Smith
Marriage & Family Therapist, MSFT, LCMFT
Verified Verified
Mission Hills, KS 66208
I love working with clients who are motivated to make meaningful change in their lives. So many of us carry old stories about ourselves that we have outgrown or that were never really true in the first place. You can expect a non-judgmental atmosphere to explore what is true for you & what you really want for your life. I use trauma-sensitive care when working through emotional and relational distress. If you are working through the complexities of ADHD, I can help.
I love working with clients who are motivated to make meaningful change in their lives. So many of us carry old stories about ourselves that we have outgrown or that were never really true in the first place. You can expect a non-judgmental atmosphere to explore what is true for you & what you really want for your life. I use trauma-sensitive care when working through emotional and relational distress. If you are working through the complexities of ADHD, I can help.
(913) 444-6348 View (913) 444-6348
Photo of Sammy Stayton, LCSW, LSCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sammy Stayton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LSCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Mission Hills, KS 66208
Are you feeling overwhelmed, isolated, or in need of support? Do you have past experiences that you want to understand and heal from? Maybe you just need a space for yourself where you can explore and grow? I bring compassion and warmth to our sessions, helping you connect to your own resilience and make sense of your unique story. My framework is intersectional, LGBTQIA affirming, anti-racist, and feminist. I work collaboratively with you to support your growth and help you thrive.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, isolated, or in need of support? Do you have past experiences that you want to understand and heal from? Maybe you just need a space for yourself where you can explore and grow? I bring compassion and warmth to our sessions, helping you connect to your own resilience and make sense of your unique story. My framework is intersectional, LGBTQIA affirming, anti-racist, and feminist. I work collaboratively with you to support your growth and help you thrive.
(816) 722-3265 View (816) 722-3265
Photo of Stacy Cahalan - Prairie Girl Group, LPC , Licensed Professional Counselor
Prairie Girl Group
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Mission Hills, KS 66208
One of my favorite quotes is by Emily Dickinson, "I am out with the lanterns looking for myself." Over the last 46 years of wandering this earth, I don't know a lot to be true, but I strongly believe that we are all doing the best we can with what we have. Sometimes we just don't have what we need. We are all better together. We are all wandering this earth trying to find purpose. And we all need help finding our way. There is a wild and holy beast inside of all of us waiting to be loved and tamed...but kept a little wild. Our wild is our magic. It is why people love us. Please stay a little wild.
One of my favorite quotes is by Emily Dickinson, "I am out with the lanterns looking for myself." Over the last 46 years of wandering this earth, I don't know a lot to be true, but I strongly believe that we are all doing the best we can with what we have. Sometimes we just don't have what we need. We are all better together. We are all wandering this earth trying to find purpose. And we all need help finding our way. There is a wild and holy beast inside of all of us waiting to be loved and tamed...but kept a little wild. Our wild is our magic. It is why people love us. Please stay a little wild.
(913) 359-9261 View (913) 359-9261
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Depression Therapists

What is the goal of therapy for depression?

Therapy for depression has several major goals. One is to relieve the mental pain of depression, which distorts feeling and thinking so that sufferers cannot see beyond their current state of mind or envision feeling better. Another is to give people the mental tools to recognize and correct the kinds of distorted thinking that turn a problem into a catastrophe and lead to despair. Therapy also teaches people how to process negative emotions in constructive ways, so they have more control over their own emotional reactivity. And it helps people regain the ability to see themselves positively, the motivation to do things, and the capacity for pleasure.

What happens in therapy for depression?

Perhaps most important, no matter the type of therapy, patients form an alliance with the therapist; that connection is therapeutic in itself, plus it becomes an instrument of change. Patients learn to identify and to challenge their own erroneous beliefs and thoughts that amplify the effects of negative experiences. They learn to identify situations in which they are especially vulnerable. And they learn new patterns of thinking and behaving. They may be given “homework” assignments in which they practice their developing skills. In addition, good therapists regularly monitor patients to assess whether and how much the condition is improving.

What therapy types help with depression?

Several types of short-term therapy have been found effective, each targeting one or more areas of dysfunction. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps clients challenge their negative thoughts and beliefs, learn new behavioral strategies, and curb reactivity to distressing situations. Behavioral activation (BA) is a form of therapy often used in conjunction with CBT; it focuses on engagement in rewarding activity as a pathway to changing negative feelings and disturbed mood. Another widely used approach is interpersonal therapy (IPT), which targets the social difficulties that both give rise to and get exacerbated by depression. Therapists may combine approaches as needed.

Can therapy for depression be done online?

Studies have found that online therapy can be highly effective for treating depression, although it may be more challenging to build a good therapist-patient alliance on screen than in person—at least at first. However, online therapy can offer considerable advantages. Accessibility and convenience are tops among them. Some people actually find it easier to talk about problems online than in person. While online therapy typically limits visibility of facial expression and body gestures that give important nonverbal cues to a patient’s state of mind, it can give therapists a glimpse into a patient’s world and life, providing information that can be highly useful in guiding therapy.

How effective is therapy for depression?

Many studies show that therapy is highly effective provided that patients complete the prescribed course of therapy, commonly 16 to 20 sessions. Over the long term, it is more effective than medication and the effects are more enduring. As a result, psychotherapy has the power not just to relieve current suffering but to prevent future episodes of the disorder. Therapy reverses the dysfunction in neural circuitry that disposes individuals to a negative view of themselves, the world, and their future and they acquire coping techniques, problem-solving skills, and understanding of their own vulnerabilities that are useful over the course of a lifetime.