Therapists in Barrington, IL

Photo of Anna T Razes, LCSW, ACSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Anna T Razes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Barrington, IL 60010
Gain the ability to communicate needs, relate better, feel better and improve circumstances. I offer a psychological and educational approach to both counseling and psychotherapy. For over 30 years as psychotherapist I help clients understand the psychological dynamics underlying problems and difficulties. Change is easier and more effective when we better understand our emotions and behaviors. Especially the behaviors, thoughts and emotions that arise when relating to others. Whether through in-depth individual analysis or counseling for marriage, divorce or family issues, clients gain awareness and deeper understanding of the source and purpose of their feelings, thoughts and behaviors.
Gain the ability to communicate needs, relate better, feel better and improve circumstances. I offer a psychological and educational approach to both counseling and psychotherapy. For over 30 years as psychotherapist I help clients understand the psychological dynamics underlying problems and difficulties. Change is easier and more effective when we better understand our emotions and behaviors. Especially the behaviors, thoughts and emotions that arise when relating to others. Whether through in-depth individual analysis or counseling for marriage, divorce or family issues, clients gain awareness and deeper understanding of the source and purpose of their feelings, thoughts and behaviors.
(224) 633-3088 View (224) 633-3088
Photo of Bill Muhr, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Bill Muhr
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Barrington, IL 60010
I have been helping individuals and families for over 25 years, offering both individual and relationship counseling for help with anxiety, depression, life transitions, and emotional, sexual and physical trauma. I incorporate EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) and Somatic Experiencing in treating anxiety, post-traumatic stress and complex trauma.
I have been helping individuals and families for over 25 years, offering both individual and relationship counseling for help with anxiety, depression, life transitions, and emotional, sexual and physical trauma. I incorporate EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) and Somatic Experiencing in treating anxiety, post-traumatic stress and complex trauma.
(847) 920-7419 View (847) 920-7419
Photo of Lauren Dineen-Griffin, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lauren Dineen-Griffin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Barrington, IL 60010  (Online Only)
Taking the first step to improve your life can feel difficult and daunting, especially when you live with anxiety and fear. But I believe that every single person has the strength and capability to create positive changes in their life. I strive to provide a caring and open space for my clients, so they can begin to break down the barriers they face on the path to achieving their goals. With extensive experience in the field providing treatment of anxiety disorders, OCD, and PTSD, I work to provide supportive and understanding therapy to meet each client's individual needs.
Taking the first step to improve your life can feel difficult and daunting, especially when you live with anxiety and fear. But I believe that every single person has the strength and capability to create positive changes in their life. I strive to provide a caring and open space for my clients, so they can begin to break down the barriers they face on the path to achieving their goals. With extensive experience in the field providing treatment of anxiety disorders, OCD, and PTSD, I work to provide supportive and understanding therapy to meet each client's individual needs.
(847) 250-4403 View (847) 250-4403
Photo of Linda Benjamin, LCSW, ACSW, ACCH, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Linda Benjamin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ACSW, ACCH
Verified Verified
Barrington, IL 60010
My ideal client would be someone who wants to work on her/his/their personal growth and happiness. Someone who knows I'm not a guru, but an experienced clinician who can assist them in finding their strengths and using the same baby-steps they used in the past to bring a goal or a dream to fruition.
My ideal client would be someone who wants to work on her/his/their personal growth and happiness. Someone who knows I'm not a guru, but an experienced clinician who can assist them in finding their strengths and using the same baby-steps they used in the past to bring a goal or a dream to fruition.
(224) 427-3642 View (224) 427-3642
Photo of Daniel R Rizzardini, MSCP, MBA, LCPC, CSTIP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Daniel R Rizzardini
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSCP, MBA, LCPC, CSTIP
Verified Verified
Barrington, IL 60010
In my practice I specialize in relational therapy for couples, families, business partners and adult males. Couples relationships are comprised of two elements, companionship and intimacy. Whenever there are difficulties in either area, the benefits of the relationship suffer. This might be from recurrent communication issues, infidelity, sexual problems, finances, etc. Deepening the connection of companionship with the joy of intimacy will create the space for lifelong, transformative partnering.
In my practice I specialize in relational therapy for couples, families, business partners and adult males. Couples relationships are comprised of two elements, companionship and intimacy. Whenever there are difficulties in either area, the benefits of the relationship suffer. This might be from recurrent communication issues, infidelity, sexual problems, finances, etc. Deepening the connection of companionship with the joy of intimacy will create the space for lifelong, transformative partnering.
(224) 261-7817 x2 View (224) 261-7817 x2
Photo of Christine Gardner - Christine Gardner (Meadowspring Counseling, Ltd.), MA, NCC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Christine Gardner (Meadowspring Counseling, Ltd.)
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Barrington, IL 60010
I have immediate openings for both in person and online appointments. I believe the relationship you form with your therapist is one of the most important predictors of whether therapy is successful. I offer a caring and supportive environment to explore life’s challenges. I completely recognize the strength and courage it took to make that first step. The struggles of our day to day challenges, anxiety and depression can make our lives seem unmanageable and overwhelming. Life is meant to be enjoyed. My desire is to come alongside you and help you to navigate through these challenges while meeting your personal goals.
I have immediate openings for both in person and online appointments. I believe the relationship you form with your therapist is one of the most important predictors of whether therapy is successful. I offer a caring and supportive environment to explore life’s challenges. I completely recognize the strength and courage it took to make that first step. The struggles of our day to day challenges, anxiety and depression can make our lives seem unmanageable and overwhelming. Life is meant to be enjoyed. My desire is to come alongside you and help you to navigate through these challenges while meeting your personal goals.
(847) 447-2776 View (847) 447-2776
Photo of Jason D Spencer, LCPC, Counselor
Jason D Spencer
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Barrington, IL 60010
Not accepting new clients
Depression, anxiety and panic attacks are NOT a sign of weakness, they are a sign that we have tried to remain too strong for too long. As a therapist having worked in the rewarding field of mental health for many years, I have discovered that clients hold the key to their own recovery. I would welcome the opportunity and privilege to walk with you on your life path as together we determine the best method for helping you. As an eclectic therapist, I believe in using a variety of therapies to find what works best for you.
Depression, anxiety and panic attacks are NOT a sign of weakness, they are a sign that we have tried to remain too strong for too long. As a therapist having worked in the rewarding field of mental health for many years, I have discovered that clients hold the key to their own recovery. I would welcome the opportunity and privilege to walk with you on your life path as together we determine the best method for helping you. As an eclectic therapist, I believe in using a variety of therapies to find what works best for you.
(847) 380-7386 View (847) 380-7386
Photo of Kavita C Bosamiya, LPC, MA, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kavita C Bosamiya
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Barrington, IL 60010
I believe that we all have an inherent ability to heal deeply, oftentimes we just need a safe environment to begin to open and step on this healing journey. When we realize that disoriented parts of ourselves cause imbalance and problems, the awareness itself leads the way to becoming whole and come home to ourselves. As we move through the story of life in time and space, we carry the past to the present and the present to the future. Our bodies – physical and subtle hold so much of our stories beneath the surface. My goal, using somatic-based approaches, is to help you reattune to our existential wisdom and bring lasting change.
I believe that we all have an inherent ability to heal deeply, oftentimes we just need a safe environment to begin to open and step on this healing journey. When we realize that disoriented parts of ourselves cause imbalance and problems, the awareness itself leads the way to becoming whole and come home to ourselves. As we move through the story of life in time and space, we carry the past to the present and the present to the future. Our bodies – physical and subtle hold so much of our stories beneath the surface. My goal, using somatic-based approaches, is to help you reattune to our existential wisdom and bring lasting change.
(815) 384-4549 x7 View (815) 384-4549 x7
Photo of Kathleen Friddle, MS, LCPC, Counselor
Kathleen Friddle
Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
Barrington, IL 60010
I have worked with a variety of populations and mental health issues as I come from a community mental health background. I have worked with DCFS families in social services agencies as well as residential treatment centers for adolescents. I have a strong background in trauma and an understanding of how attachment and trauma can affect all aspects of life. I am warm, energetic, and skilled in helping you with your challenges.
I have worked with a variety of populations and mental health issues as I come from a community mental health background. I have worked with DCFS families in social services agencies as well as residential treatment centers for adolescents. I have a strong background in trauma and an understanding of how attachment and trauma can affect all aspects of life. I am warm, energetic, and skilled in helping you with your challenges.
(847) 906-2424 View (847) 906-2424
Photo of Joanie Albrecht, PhD
Joanie Albrecht
PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Barrington, IL 60010
Real change for real people. You may need short-term support to learn specific tools, or you may want to dig more deeply to recognize relationship patterns or other behaviors that get in the way of peace and happiness in your life. You may find yourself feeling depressed, anxious and in conflict with the ones you love. I would like to help you manage and resolve these feelings and to help you transform what feels like vulnerability into strength. We will work together to accomplish the goals we co-create.
Real change for real people. You may need short-term support to learn specific tools, or you may want to dig more deeply to recognize relationship patterns or other behaviors that get in the way of peace and happiness in your life. You may find yourself feeling depressed, anxious and in conflict with the ones you love. I would like to help you manage and resolve these feelings and to help you transform what feels like vulnerability into strength. We will work together to accomplish the goals we co-create.
(847) 268-4219 View (847) 268-4219
Photo of Jennifer O'Connell, LCSW, PMH-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer O'Connell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PMH-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Barrington, IL 60010
Is your anxiety or depression holding you back from living the life you imagine for yourself? Do you feel consumed by negative thoughts or intense emotions? We all feel distressed, helpless and could benefit from some extra support at some point in our lives. Whether it’s your first time in therapy or beginning to work with a new therapist, it can feel overwhelming. I'm here to walk alongside to help you through it. The step you are taking today is often the most difficult part, but I am here for you!
Is your anxiety or depression holding you back from living the life you imagine for yourself? Do you feel consumed by negative thoughts or intense emotions? We all feel distressed, helpless and could benefit from some extra support at some point in our lives. Whether it’s your first time in therapy or beginning to work with a new therapist, it can feel overwhelming. I'm here to walk alongside to help you through it. The step you are taking today is often the most difficult part, but I am here for you!
(773) 345-6577 View (773) 345-6577
Photo of Ronald J Ercoli, PsyD, CSAT, Psychologist
Ronald J Ercoli
Psychologist, PsyD, CSAT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Barrington, IL 60010
I work with men and women to provide a greater understanding of how one's past influences the present and how to make changes for the future. As a Licensed Clinical Psychologist I specialize in anxiety disorders, depression and other mood disorders, sexual addiction (I am CSAT), job stress, relational distress, parenting issues and past abuse. I use various treatment methods including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Behavioral therapy, CBT and Internal Family Systems (IFS) . I am trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and certified in the Safe & Sound Protocol (SSP) for trauma of various kinds.
I work with men and women to provide a greater understanding of how one's past influences the present and how to make changes for the future. As a Licensed Clinical Psychologist I specialize in anxiety disorders, depression and other mood disorders, sexual addiction (I am CSAT), job stress, relational distress, parenting issues and past abuse. I use various treatment methods including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Behavioral therapy, CBT and Internal Family Systems (IFS) . I am trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and certified in the Safe & Sound Protocol (SSP) for trauma of various kinds.
(630) 220-4697 View (630) 220-4697
Photo of Briana Granillo, LCPC, Counselor
Briana Granillo
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Barrington, IL 60010
I am a licensed therapist committed to helping individuals achieve mental and emotional well-being. Whether you are struggling with managing stress or navigating life transitions, I am here to provide a safe and nonjudgmental space for healing, exploration and growth.
I am a licensed therapist committed to helping individuals achieve mental and emotional well-being. Whether you are struggling with managing stress or navigating life transitions, I am here to provide a safe and nonjudgmental space for healing, exploration and growth.
(224) 263-0248 View (224) 263-0248
Photo of Chanel Hampton, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Chanel Hampton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Barrington, IL 60010
It takes great courage to acknowledge and embrace the things that challenge us. I understand this strength and the importance of starting the journey to change the things that no longer serve you. I am a compassionate therapist trained in a variety of therapeutic modalities. I have worked in social services for over ten years, working in various capacities, from medical social workers to therapists. I seek to help individuals and families address anxiety, depression, and trauma issues. I believe that healing takes place by identifying the source of the problem. The therapy hour is a sacred time of healing owned by the client.
It takes great courage to acknowledge and embrace the things that challenge us. I understand this strength and the importance of starting the journey to change the things that no longer serve you. I am a compassionate therapist trained in a variety of therapeutic modalities. I have worked in social services for over ten years, working in various capacities, from medical social workers to therapists. I seek to help individuals and families address anxiety, depression, and trauma issues. I believe that healing takes place by identifying the source of the problem. The therapy hour is a sacred time of healing owned by the client.
(708) 734-6954 View (708) 734-6954
Photo of Susan Gibbons, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Susan Gibbons
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Barrington, IL 60010
I believe my job as therapist is to help you heal the pain within that hurts, discover the joys of who you are, create meaning and purpose in your life, while simultaneously enabling the expression of healthy emotions, developing more secure relationships, and managing life stressors. The focus of my work is two fold: First, to utilize the best and most current clinical models available to help you achieve your unique therapeutic goals. Second, to help clients access their true self from which everything flows and so become more effective in relationships as members of family, at work, and in community.
I believe my job as therapist is to help you heal the pain within that hurts, discover the joys of who you are, create meaning and purpose in your life, while simultaneously enabling the expression of healthy emotions, developing more secure relationships, and managing life stressors. The focus of my work is two fold: First, to utilize the best and most current clinical models available to help you achieve your unique therapeutic goals. Second, to help clients access their true self from which everything flows and so become more effective in relationships as members of family, at work, and in community.
(224) 243-7028 View (224) 243-7028
Photo of Margaret Olivieri, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Margaret Olivieri
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Barrington, IL 60010
Welcome to my practice. My name is Maggie Olivieri and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, providing psychodynamic psychotherapy for individuals. I help my clients understand their feelings so that they can learn to live more comfortably with the various challenges of life. Exploring earlier relationships and life experiences helps in understanding and managing feelings. With listening, empathy, and direct communication, I strive to help clients make the changes they long for. I earned my Bachelor of Arts from The University of California Berkeley and my Master of Social Work from, Loyola University of Chicago.
Welcome to my practice. My name is Maggie Olivieri and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, providing psychodynamic psychotherapy for individuals. I help my clients understand their feelings so that they can learn to live more comfortably with the various challenges of life. Exploring earlier relationships and life experiences helps in understanding and managing feelings. With listening, empathy, and direct communication, I strive to help clients make the changes they long for. I earned my Bachelor of Arts from The University of California Berkeley and my Master of Social Work from, Loyola University of Chicago.
(773) 232-4814 View (773) 232-4814
Photo of Tracy Tucker, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tracy Tucker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Barrington, IL 60010  (Online Only)
Although we strive to find peace, balance, meaning & joy in our life, everyone at some time in their life runs into roadblocks, heartaches & occasionally, challenges so difficult we feel like we may never recover. It is my heart-felt desire to help my clients set & achieve their personal goals in a safe comfortable environment. I strive to provide hope, empathy, respect & unconditional support, without judgment. Therapy is indeed a journey & I am grateful that my clients invite me to join them on their path towards personal & emotional growth.
Although we strive to find peace, balance, meaning & joy in our life, everyone at some time in their life runs into roadblocks, heartaches & occasionally, challenges so difficult we feel like we may never recover. It is my heart-felt desire to help my clients set & achieve their personal goals in a safe comfortable environment. I strive to provide hope, empathy, respect & unconditional support, without judgment. Therapy is indeed a journey & I am grateful that my clients invite me to join them on their path towards personal & emotional growth.
(847) 984-0592 x17 View (847) 984-0592 x17
Photo of Rachel M. Menge, MSW, LCSW, PMH-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachel M. Menge
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, PMH-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Barrington, IL 60010
I specialize in women's mental health. I work primarily with women who trying to conceive, expecting, or in the early years of parenting on a wide range of issues including perinatal mood and anxiety disorders, processing traumatic birthing experiences, and general adjustment to being a parent. I also work quite often with young adults who are transitioning to life on their own, persons recovering from psychological trauma, and persons experiencing more general anxiety, depression, or OCD symptoms.
I specialize in women's mental health. I work primarily with women who trying to conceive, expecting, or in the early years of parenting on a wide range of issues including perinatal mood and anxiety disorders, processing traumatic birthing experiences, and general adjustment to being a parent. I also work quite often with young adults who are transitioning to life on their own, persons recovering from psychological trauma, and persons experiencing more general anxiety, depression, or OCD symptoms.
(224) 427-6196 View (224) 427-6196
Photo of Emily G Spillios, LSW , Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Emily G Spillios
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Barrington, IL 60010
In the realm of personal growth and emotional healing, the decision to embark on the path of counseling represents a remarkable display of bravery. It is a profound recognition of the need for support and a willingness to confront the complexities of one’s inner world. Choosing counseling is an act of self-compassion, as it requires facing vulnerabilities, acknowledging past wounds, and embracing the potential for positive change. In this safe and nurturing environment, individuals dare to explore the depths of their emotions, unearthing the roots of their challenges and paving the way for transformation and resilience.
In the realm of personal growth and emotional healing, the decision to embark on the path of counseling represents a remarkable display of bravery. It is a profound recognition of the need for support and a willingness to confront the complexities of one’s inner world. Choosing counseling is an act of self-compassion, as it requires facing vulnerabilities, acknowledging past wounds, and embracing the potential for positive change. In this safe and nurturing environment, individuals dare to explore the depths of their emotions, unearthing the roots of their challenges and paving the way for transformation and resilience.
(224) 302-6147 View (224) 302-6147
Photo of McCall Barsamian - McCall Barsamian, LMFT, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
McCall Barsamian, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Barrington, IL 60010  (Online Only)
McCall Barsamian is a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist who works with couples and individual adults. Her open, empathic, interactive, and respectful approach focuses on collaborating with clients to deepen their understanding of themselves and their relationships in order to bring about the transformation they seek. McCall has extensive, hands-on-training from world-renown Psychotherapists and clinical experience in Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) and Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy (AEDP) with both couples and individuals. McCall also uses a variety of other Empirically Supported Approaches as she sees fit.
McCall Barsamian is a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist who works with couples and individual adults. Her open, empathic, interactive, and respectful approach focuses on collaborating with clients to deepen their understanding of themselves and their relationships in order to bring about the transformation they seek. McCall has extensive, hands-on-training from world-renown Psychotherapists and clinical experience in Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) and Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy (AEDP) with both couples and individuals. McCall also uses a variety of other Empirically Supported Approaches as she sees fit.
(224) 332-3443 View (224) 332-3443
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Barrington, IL

200+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Barrington, IL who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
89% Depression
75% Self Esteem
74% Relationship Issues
72% Trauma and PTSD
66% Coping Skills
65% Stress

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

98% BlueCross and BlueShield
65% Aetna
57% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Barrington, IL see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Barrington?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.