Therapists in Boston, MA

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Photo of Taylor Doan, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Taylor Doan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02199  (Online Only)
Hi! My name is Taylor (she/her)! Starting (or re-starting) therapy takes a lot of courage to do. So much of what happens in therapy is a result of therapeutic relationship. For that reason, I hope you’re able to find a therapist with whom you can truly connect and feel understood by. My own therapeutic style fosters collaboration, attentive listening, and at times – some humor.
Hi! My name is Taylor (she/her)! Starting (or re-starting) therapy takes a lot of courage to do. So much of what happens in therapy is a result of therapeutic relationship. For that reason, I hope you’re able to find a therapist with whom you can truly connect and feel understood by. My own therapeutic style fosters collaboration, attentive listening, and at times – some humor.
(617) 925-6839 View (617) 925-6839
Photo of Tanner Glen, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tanner Glen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02199  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I believe that every human is on a challenging, exciting, complex, and unique journey through life, and that each of us need different types of support to make this adventure the best it can be. As a therapist, it’s my primary joy to walk alongside you on your path to heal wounds, amplify your current strengths, cultivate new ones, strengthen your relationships, set and achieve personal goals, and, importantly, find opportunities to find joy along the way. This can include working to reduce anxiety and depression, navigating family relationships and/or systemic oppression, processing and mitigating the impacts of trauma, etc.
I believe that every human is on a challenging, exciting, complex, and unique journey through life, and that each of us need different types of support to make this adventure the best it can be. As a therapist, it’s my primary joy to walk alongside you on your path to heal wounds, amplify your current strengths, cultivate new ones, strengthen your relationships, set and achieve personal goals, and, importantly, find opportunities to find joy along the way. This can include working to reduce anxiety and depression, navigating family relationships and/or systemic oppression, processing and mitigating the impacts of trauma, etc.
(508) 694-9887 View (508) 694-9887
Photo of Garima L Menon, PhD, Psychologist
Garima L Menon
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02110  (Online Only)
Most of us do the best we can with the resources we have. Sometimes we think no one understands our worries & fears. If open to it, we want to work with a therapist when our usual ways of relating aren't helping & we feel stuck, anxious, angry or depressed. Therapy often helps provide insight into our strengths & internal resources we already have to help navigate challenging times. In sessions, I focus on working with clients to unlock this strength to steer their lives in the direction they want. I bring curiosity, warmth, respect, & empathy to my sessions.
Most of us do the best we can with the resources we have. Sometimes we think no one understands our worries & fears. If open to it, we want to work with a therapist when our usual ways of relating aren't helping & we feel stuck, anxious, angry or depressed. Therapy often helps provide insight into our strengths & internal resources we already have to help navigate challenging times. In sessions, I focus on working with clients to unlock this strength to steer their lives in the direction they want. I bring curiosity, warmth, respect, & empathy to my sessions.
(617) 917-2337 View (617) 917-2337
Photo of Nancy Griffiths - Nancy Griffiths, LMHC, LMHC, Counselor
Nancy Griffiths, LMHC
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02116
Welcome. Each of us has the potential to connect with and live from a creative, energized and compassionate center. Once established, we can perpetually draw upon this connection to understand and accept our past, to guide our present, and to embrace our future. With warmth, commitment and respect, and with attention to body, mind, and spirit, I work to help people access their unique inner resources. My therapeutic approach integrates relational, insight-oriented, and Internal Family Systems modalities with mindfulness-based practices.
Welcome. Each of us has the potential to connect with and live from a creative, energized and compassionate center. Once established, we can perpetually draw upon this connection to understand and accept our past, to guide our present, and to embrace our future. With warmth, commitment and respect, and with attention to body, mind, and spirit, I work to help people access their unique inner resources. My therapeutic approach integrates relational, insight-oriented, and Internal Family Systems modalities with mindfulness-based practices.
(857) 399-0115 View (857) 399-0115
Photo of Sarah Kaminshine, LICSW, LCSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sarah Kaminshine
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02130  (Online Only)
Hi, I am Sarah Kaminshine, a bilingual, (Spanish/English) Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Massachusetts and California. I specialize in parenting struggles, relationship and communication issues, processing major life changes, depression, and anxiety. I have 15 years of experience working with young children and adults in individual, group, and community settings.
Hi, I am Sarah Kaminshine, a bilingual, (Spanish/English) Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Massachusetts and California. I specialize in parenting struggles, relationship and communication issues, processing major life changes, depression, and anxiety. I have 15 years of experience working with young children and adults in individual, group, and community settings.
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Photo of Caryl Brayton Toole, LADC, NCAC, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Caryl Brayton Toole
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LADC, NCAC
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02110
***Accepting New Clients for online Tele-Health.*** Are you experiencing anxiety or worry that gets in the way of work, relationships or friendships? Are you unable to let go of painful memories or feelings related to a traumatic experience? Are you coping with stress with alcohol and prescription medications? Do you feel worried and conflicted about your drinking? Drug and alcohol concerns are often a result of deeper struggles such as depression, anxiety, self-esteem, trauma and obstacles in daily life.
***Accepting New Clients for online Tele-Health.*** Are you experiencing anxiety or worry that gets in the way of work, relationships or friendships? Are you unable to let go of painful memories or feelings related to a traumatic experience? Are you coping with stress with alcohol and prescription medications? Do you feel worried and conflicted about your drinking? Drug and alcohol concerns are often a result of deeper struggles such as depression, anxiety, self-esteem, trauma and obstacles in daily life.
(781) 635-4886 View (781) 635-4886
Photo of Anita Dawne Hopmann, PsyD(c), MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Anita Dawne Hopmann
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD(c), MA
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02132
Anita possesses a special interest in working with anyone who is involved in/affected by involvement from crisis response, the legal system, emergency response, law enforcement, and medicine; including facing the depression, trauma, and feelings interactions with these lines of work can cause. Anita utilizes Narrative therapy, Somatic therapy, CBT, Art therapy, and Music Therapy to create a whirlwind approach that leaves the client wondering why they ever wanted to face this road alone in the first place. Anita welcomes anyone to reach out about the aforementioned topics or if you or your loved ones needs help.
Anita possesses a special interest in working with anyone who is involved in/affected by involvement from crisis response, the legal system, emergency response, law enforcement, and medicine; including facing the depression, trauma, and feelings interactions with these lines of work can cause. Anita utilizes Narrative therapy, Somatic therapy, CBT, Art therapy, and Music Therapy to create a whirlwind approach that leaves the client wondering why they ever wanted to face this road alone in the first place. Anita welcomes anyone to reach out about the aforementioned topics or if you or your loved ones needs help.
(781) 368-0185 View (781) 368-0185
Photo of Edna Laurent Tellus - Awake IntuMind, Inc., LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Awake IntuMind, Inc.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02116  (Online Only)
If you are dealing with Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, and weight problems, call us today and let's start working together for peace of mind and life balance. We combine our clinical and coaching skills to help YOU find the right solution for YOU! We help our clients acquire more efficient coping skills/tools to let them access their inner teacher and healer to alleviate mental, and emotional suffering.
If you are dealing with Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, and weight problems, call us today and let's start working together for peace of mind and life balance. We combine our clinical and coaching skills to help YOU find the right solution for YOU! We help our clients acquire more efficient coping skills/tools to let them access their inner teacher and healer to alleviate mental, and emotional suffering.
(617) 917-3611 View (617) 917-3611
Photo of Kristina Nichols, LMHC, Counselor
Kristina Nichols
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02110
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and Licensed Be Body Positive Facilitator with close to 20 years of experience. Specializing in the practice of mindfulness, body positivity, HAES, intuitive eating, meditation, guided visualizations, and self-care techniques, I use a holistic, heart-centered approach with my clients to help them attain the results they desire. I am passionate and committed to helping others achieve their goals and to live a balanced and fulfilled life.
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and Licensed Be Body Positive Facilitator with close to 20 years of experience. Specializing in the practice of mindfulness, body positivity, HAES, intuitive eating, meditation, guided visualizations, and self-care techniques, I use a holistic, heart-centered approach with my clients to help them attain the results they desire. I am passionate and committed to helping others achieve their goals and to live a balanced and fulfilled life.
(617) 553-6342 View (617) 553-6342
Photo of Rachel Daws, LICSW, MPH, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachel Daws
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MPH
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02128
Hi, I’m Rachel, a licensed clinical social worker passionate about integrative behavioral health and holistic wellness. I’m dedicated to helping adults in their 20s to 50s who are navigating challenges like depression, anxiety, ADHD, or PTSD, as well as health concerns like diabetes, chronic pain, sleep apnea and more. My goal is to support you in enhancing your quality of life through personalized, compassionate care. Together, we’ll work to break down the barriers preventing you from achieving optimal health and reclaiming your life! Let’s embark on this journey towards wellness and achieve your goals together.
Hi, I’m Rachel, a licensed clinical social worker passionate about integrative behavioral health and holistic wellness. I’m dedicated to helping adults in their 20s to 50s who are navigating challenges like depression, anxiety, ADHD, or PTSD, as well as health concerns like diabetes, chronic pain, sleep apnea and more. My goal is to support you in enhancing your quality of life through personalized, compassionate care. Together, we’ll work to break down the barriers preventing you from achieving optimal health and reclaiming your life! Let’s embark on this journey towards wellness and achieve your goals together.
(617) 766-1702 View (617) 766-1702
Photo of Tiffany Armstrong, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tiffany Armstrong
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02110  (Online Only)
I have a special interest in working with individuals navigating life transitions such as college, graduate school, career stress, sexuality and gender identity/expression, parenting, relationships, substance use and disordered eating. I specialize in women’s health issues, including pregnancy, postpartum, adoption and parenting. I have extensive experience working in community health with children and adults with complex medical needs, teen parents, and pregnant and postpartum individuals with substance use disorders.
I have a special interest in working with individuals navigating life transitions such as college, graduate school, career stress, sexuality and gender identity/expression, parenting, relationships, substance use and disordered eating. I specialize in women’s health issues, including pregnancy, postpartum, adoption and parenting. I have extensive experience working in community health with children and adults with complex medical needs, teen parents, and pregnant and postpartum individuals with substance use disorders.
(857) 567-0470 x1 View (857) 567-0470 x1
Photo of Gureen Singh, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Gureen Singh
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02110
As a dedicated therapist specializing in complex trauma and identity development, I am committed to creating a culturally sensitive, collaborative, non-judgmental, and engaging therapeutic space for my clients. Utilizing IFS and other trauma-focused modalities, I believe every individual possesses the innate potential to heal from their deepest wounds. Whether you face issues with boundaries, repeat behavior patterns, or have experienced complex PTSD or relational trauma, I am here to support your journey toward healing.
As a dedicated therapist specializing in complex trauma and identity development, I am committed to creating a culturally sensitive, collaborative, non-judgmental, and engaging therapeutic space for my clients. Utilizing IFS and other trauma-focused modalities, I believe every individual possesses the innate potential to heal from their deepest wounds. Whether you face issues with boundaries, repeat behavior patterns, or have experienced complex PTSD or relational trauma, I am here to support your journey toward healing.
(857) 263-2902 View (857) 263-2902
Photo of Naomi McKenzie Greene, PsyD, Pre-Licensed Professional
Naomi McKenzie Greene
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02116  (Online Only)
I’m a firm believer that you don’t need to wait until things get really bad to start therapy. I specialize in guiding identity-based work among college and graduate students, young adults, immigrants, and people of color experiencing anxiety, trauma, life transitions, and family issues. I take a warm, collaborative, and tailored approach that positions you as the expert of your own experience. Working from a multicultural perspective, I encourage client's awareness of their worldview and place within their family and culture.
I’m a firm believer that you don’t need to wait until things get really bad to start therapy. I specialize in guiding identity-based work among college and graduate students, young adults, immigrants, and people of color experiencing anxiety, trauma, life transitions, and family issues. I take a warm, collaborative, and tailored approach that positions you as the expert of your own experience. Working from a multicultural perspective, I encourage client's awareness of their worldview and place within their family and culture.
(508) 501-6351 View (508) 501-6351
Photo of Berta Jane Summers, PhD, Psychologist
Berta Jane Summers
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02109  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Are you struggling with intrusive thoughts, chronic distress anchored to "what if..." scenarios, or crippled by daily uncertainty? Do you find yourself engaging in time-consuming rituals, mental compulsions, reassurance-seeking, or avoidance behaviors in order to ward off feared consequences or make things 'just right'? You may be experiencing symptoms of OCD and might greatly benefit from exposure and response prevention (ERP) techniques aimed at conquering the obsessive-compulsive cycle that is keeping you from living your life flexibly and joyfully!
Are you struggling with intrusive thoughts, chronic distress anchored to "what if..." scenarios, or crippled by daily uncertainty? Do you find yourself engaging in time-consuming rituals, mental compulsions, reassurance-seeking, or avoidance behaviors in order to ward off feared consequences or make things 'just right'? You may be experiencing symptoms of OCD and might greatly benefit from exposure and response prevention (ERP) techniques aimed at conquering the obsessive-compulsive cycle that is keeping you from living your life flexibly and joyfully!
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Photo of Jesse Newcomb, LMHC, CCTP, Counselor
Jesse Newcomb
Counselor, LMHC, CCTP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02130  (Online Only)
So many of us have been cut off from our bodies, creativity, and exploring or expressing our authentic selves. I’m passionate about helping you revive those connections so you can live more of the life you want.  Doing that often isn’t easy, but it can be so worth it, and you deserve access to your full aliveness. My goal is to create a space where you can explore your diverse experiences and fully welcome all aspects of your multifaceted self. Whether you're looking to feel more connected and resourced, heal from trauma, shift patterns, or reclaim your voice, creativity, or agency, I'd love to support you.
So many of us have been cut off from our bodies, creativity, and exploring or expressing our authentic selves. I’m passionate about helping you revive those connections so you can live more of the life you want.  Doing that often isn’t easy, but it can be so worth it, and you deserve access to your full aliveness. My goal is to create a space where you can explore your diverse experiences and fully welcome all aspects of your multifaceted self. Whether you're looking to feel more connected and resourced, heal from trauma, shift patterns, or reclaim your voice, creativity, or agency, I'd love to support you.
(857) 226-9107 View (857) 226-9107
Photo of Christine Marsico, PhD, Pre-Licensed Professional
Christine Marsico
Pre-Licensed Professional, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02116  (Online Only)
I’m a firm believer that you don’t need to wait until things get really bad to start therapy. If you're a college/graduate student, young adult, or professional hoping to work through complex trauma, relationship issues, anxiety, or identity development, you're not alone! I approach therapy with a trauma-informed lens grounded in multicultural feminism that positions you as the expert of your experience.
I’m a firm believer that you don’t need to wait until things get really bad to start therapy. If you're a college/graduate student, young adult, or professional hoping to work through complex trauma, relationship issues, anxiety, or identity development, you're not alone! I approach therapy with a trauma-informed lens grounded in multicultural feminism that positions you as the expert of your experience.
(508) 403-9729 View (508) 403-9729
Photo of Timothy Petersen, PhD, Psychologist
Timothy Petersen
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02110
Welcome to my clinical psychology practice located in the financial district in Boston, MA with a secondary location in Scituate, MA. I have 25 years of experience providing clinical care through my position at Mass General Hospital/Harvard Medical School. I welcome new referrals of adolescents, adults, and couples. Among the areas I specialize in are: anxiety, mood disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder and life transitions/adjustments. I work in a very collaborative manner with clients including establishing goals and tracking progress throughout treatment.
Welcome to my clinical psychology practice located in the financial district in Boston, MA with a secondary location in Scituate, MA. I have 25 years of experience providing clinical care through my position at Mass General Hospital/Harvard Medical School. I welcome new referrals of adolescents, adults, and couples. Among the areas I specialize in are: anxiety, mood disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder and life transitions/adjustments. I work in a very collaborative manner with clients including establishing goals and tracking progress throughout treatment.
(339) 231-8989 View (339) 231-8989
Photo of Donna Scott, MA, CAGS, LMHC, Counselor
Donna Scott
Counselor, MA, CAGS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02114  (Online Only)
Hello, I'm a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and I work with adults. Maybe you are feeling overwhelmed, stressed, have parenting issues, problems with relationships or are struggling at work? I help people who are feeling stuck, who may have a sense of where they want to go or how they want to feel, but can't get the momentum, confidence, or motivation they need to get there. Together we clarify your goals, get to know the inner and outer obstacles you face, and develop your strengths and tools for moving forward. Don't be concerned about knowing what to say or where to start we will figure it out together.
Hello, I'm a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and I work with adults. Maybe you are feeling overwhelmed, stressed, have parenting issues, problems with relationships or are struggling at work? I help people who are feeling stuck, who may have a sense of where they want to go or how they want to feel, but can't get the momentum, confidence, or motivation they need to get there. Together we clarify your goals, get to know the inner and outer obstacles you face, and develop your strengths and tools for moving forward. Don't be concerned about knowing what to say or where to start we will figure it out together.
(781) 694-6982 View (781) 694-6982
Photo of Tanya Parker, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tanya Parker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02129  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Contact by email preferred. Telehealth only. Congrats on choosing to seek out therapy! It can be a life changing experience. Please read through my profile and website to see if we're a good fit. I have worked with people of all backgrounds but I generally work with LGBT folks and POC. I work with clients on self-esteem, body positivity, anxiety management, trauma symptoms, and relational issues. As a human and a provider, I am feminist, anti-racist, fat positive, sex positive, pro-science, pro-vaccine, and pro-LGBT. I also offer relationship therapy including therapy for polyamormous individuals.
Contact by email preferred. Telehealth only. Congrats on choosing to seek out therapy! It can be a life changing experience. Please read through my profile and website to see if we're a good fit. I have worked with people of all backgrounds but I generally work with LGBT folks and POC. I work with clients on self-esteem, body positivity, anxiety management, trauma symptoms, and relational issues. As a human and a provider, I am feminist, anti-racist, fat positive, sex positive, pro-science, pro-vaccine, and pro-LGBT. I also offer relationship therapy including therapy for polyamormous individuals.
(413) 340-4466 View (413) 340-4466
Photo of Michael Nichols - Green Mountain DBT, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Green Mountain DBT
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02116  (Online Only)
I work with people who experience intense emotions, relationship struggles, sensory sensitivities, or low self-esteem. These challenges can feel overwhelming, but they also present opportunities for growth and transformation.
I work with people who experience intense emotions, relationship struggles, sensory sensitivities, or low self-esteem. These challenges can feel overwhelming, but they also present opportunities for growth and transformation.
(339) 213-8988 View (339) 213-8988
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Boston, MA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$154

Therapists in Boston, MA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
86% Depression
74% Relationship Issues
72% Self Esteem
70% Stress
69% Trauma and PTSD
66% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% BlueCross and BlueShield
66% Aetna
62% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Boston, MA see their clients

62% Online Only
38% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

79% Female
19% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Boston?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.