Therapists in San Antonio, TX

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Photo of Paige Gonzalez, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Paige Gonzalez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78204  (Online Only)
Hello! My name is Paige Gonzalez and I am Licensed Master Social Worker in the state of Texas. I am currently under the supervision of Emily Perez, LCSW-S. I have experience working with adolescents, adults, families, and people who have experienced domestic violence and/or sexual assault.
Hello! My name is Paige Gonzalez and I am Licensed Master Social Worker in the state of Texas. I am currently under the supervision of Emily Perez, LCSW-S. I have experience working with adolescents, adults, families, and people who have experienced domestic violence and/or sexual assault.
(210) 756-2981 View (210) 756-2981
Photo of Britney Vincent, MS, LPC , NBCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Britney Vincent
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC , NBCC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78230
Sometimes, life can feel overwhelming—you might feel like you’re falling behind, unmotivated, or struggling to express yourself. Maybe you feel alone, unheard, or stuck in the past, dealing with the weight of events like a betrayal or childhood trauma. It can feel like your story is out of order, or like you’re trying to piece together a puzzle with missing pieces.
Sometimes, life can feel overwhelming—you might feel like you’re falling behind, unmotivated, or struggling to express yourself. Maybe you feel alone, unheard, or stuck in the past, dealing with the weight of events like a betrayal or childhood trauma. It can feel like your story is out of order, or like you’re trying to piece together a puzzle with missing pieces.
(726) 208-7295 View (726) 208-7295
Photo of Sarah Barron, PhD, Psychologist
Sarah Barron
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78253  (Online Only)
Hello, I’m Dr. Sarah Barron, and I specialize in treating PTSD and trauma-related disorders. With over a decade of clinical experience, I focus on evidence-based treatments to help each client meet their goals. While trauma is my area of expertise, I am also comfortable working with individuals with depression, anxiety disorders, and mild to moderate substance use disorders. The road to recovery is hard, but I believe every person has the ability to confront their fears and overcome obstacles. For additional information please see our website: www.wayfinderccc.com
Hello, I’m Dr. Sarah Barron, and I specialize in treating PTSD and trauma-related disorders. With over a decade of clinical experience, I focus on evidence-based treatments to help each client meet their goals. While trauma is my area of expertise, I am also comfortable working with individuals with depression, anxiety disorders, and mild to moderate substance use disorders. The road to recovery is hard, but I believe every person has the ability to confront their fears and overcome obstacles. For additional information please see our website: www.wayfinderccc.com
(830) 483-2547 View (830) 483-2547
Photo of Cathy Lazo, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Cathy Lazo
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78253  (Online Only)
As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, I have a sincere appreciation, respect, and concern for others. You should be provided every opportunity to succeed and thrive in life empowered with skills to manage daily challenges. Life's dynamics and the interpretation of life's events are unique to each individual, couple, or family. Make your healing, desired changes, and goals a priority. We can travel this journey together.
As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, I have a sincere appreciation, respect, and concern for others. You should be provided every opportunity to succeed and thrive in life empowered with skills to manage daily challenges. Life's dynamics and the interpretation of life's events are unique to each individual, couple, or family. Make your healing, desired changes, and goals a priority. We can travel this journey together.
(210) 338-8861 View (210) 338-8861
Photo of Stephanie A. Richards, LPC-S, RPT, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Stephanie A. Richards
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S, RPT, PLLC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78232
I work with children/teens, adults, couples, and families. I approach the therapeutic relationship in a warm and personalized way, with humor and creativity to enhance the counseling experience. My professional focuses are trauma/PTSD, grief/loss, anxiety/depression, coping with medical illnesses, relationships, substance abuse/dependency recovery, abuse, faith struggles, and parenting. My personal experiences of thriving beyond trauma/loss and a cancer diagnosis provides a unique insight and empathy to my client's journey. As a believer in and recipient of God's design for healing and restoration, I integrate Christian principles to enhance my clients' healing experience.
I work with children/teens, adults, couples, and families. I approach the therapeutic relationship in a warm and personalized way, with humor and creativity to enhance the counseling experience. My professional focuses are trauma/PTSD, grief/loss, anxiety/depression, coping with medical illnesses, relationships, substance abuse/dependency recovery, abuse, faith struggles, and parenting. My personal experiences of thriving beyond trauma/loss and a cancer diagnosis provides a unique insight and empathy to my client's journey. As a believer in and recipient of God's design for healing and restoration, I integrate Christian principles to enhance my clients' healing experience.
(210) 853-0327 View (210) 853-0327
Photo of Kristel K Zoller, MA, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kristel K Zoller
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78209
Trained, certified & experienced trauma therapist with over 10-years experience guiding clients through trauma recovery. I will provide a safe, non-judgmental space for you to release, process and learn to work through trauma, grief, depression and anxiety. My mission is to help you find your sense of self, your voice, your confidence and your power. I specialize in working with the military population and men & women with a history of childhood abuse, domestic violence, sexual trauma and combat trauma. "A lot of people who have experienced trauma at the hands of others take responsibility, and that is what's toxic." -Hannah Gadsby
Trained, certified & experienced trauma therapist with over 10-years experience guiding clients through trauma recovery. I will provide a safe, non-judgmental space for you to release, process and learn to work through trauma, grief, depression and anxiety. My mission is to help you find your sense of self, your voice, your confidence and your power. I specialize in working with the military population and men & women with a history of childhood abuse, domestic violence, sexual trauma and combat trauma. "A lot of people who have experienced trauma at the hands of others take responsibility, and that is what's toxic." -Hannah Gadsby
(210) 405-9356 View (210) 405-9356
Photo of Callie M Davis-Carr, MA, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Callie M Davis-Carr
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78210
Are you feeling overwhelmed or heavy hearted due to the loss of a loved one? Are you dealing with heartache, despair, and frustration due to marital conflict and misunderstanding? Do you need help in dealing with relational matters? I'd like to help you if you are. I am more than willing to help lighten your emotional load, and offer help for today and hope for tomorrow. There is hope! I look forward to hearing from you.
Are you feeling overwhelmed or heavy hearted due to the loss of a loved one? Are you dealing with heartache, despair, and frustration due to marital conflict and misunderstanding? Do you need help in dealing with relational matters? I'd like to help you if you are. I am more than willing to help lighten your emotional load, and offer help for today and hope for tomorrow. There is hope! I look forward to hearing from you.
(281) 940-3692 View (281) 940-3692
Photo of Tanisha Ellis, BA, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tanisha Ellis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, BA, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
14 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78240  (Online Only)
If they've shenanned once, they'll likely shenanigan again! My role is to guide you in setting healthy boundaries and making sure your well-being comes first. Every person’s journey is unique, and I create a safe, non-judgmental space where you can freely explore life’s challenges and uncover the strength you already carry within you. Together, we’ll navigate whatever comes your way, building on your strengths and finding real, meaningful solutions. My goal is to help you feel seen, heard, and supported every step of the way.
If they've shenanned once, they'll likely shenanigan again! My role is to guide you in setting healthy boundaries and making sure your well-being comes first. Every person’s journey is unique, and I create a safe, non-judgmental space where you can freely explore life’s challenges and uncover the strength you already carry within you. Together, we’ll navigate whatever comes your way, building on your strengths and finding real, meaningful solutions. My goal is to help you feel seen, heard, and supported every step of the way.
(726) 227-3145 View (726) 227-3145
Photo of Patricia J Stout, LCSW, BACS, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Patricia J Stout
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, BACS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78228
At Breath of Life Counseling, you will benefit from over 30 years of clinical and holistic psychotherapy experience to reweave the tapestry of your life. Using a collaborative and empowering approach, we will work together with breath, body-based mindfulness exercises and other inner resources to access your wisdom. You have the capacity to fulfill your potential! At the same time, using a person-in-environment lens, we will be clear about external barriers to success and how to stop any internalized inferiority imposed by cultural bias or oppression. This allows you to drop the shame and take needed action for your highest good.
At Breath of Life Counseling, you will benefit from over 30 years of clinical and holistic psychotherapy experience to reweave the tapestry of your life. Using a collaborative and empowering approach, we will work together with breath, body-based mindfulness exercises and other inner resources to access your wisdom. You have the capacity to fulfill your potential! At the same time, using a person-in-environment lens, we will be clear about external barriers to success and how to stop any internalized inferiority imposed by cultural bias or oppression. This allows you to drop the shame and take needed action for your highest good.
(726) 213-6729 View (726) 213-6729
Photo of Kayla M Nettleton, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kayla M Nettleton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78215
Do you feel overwhelmed by the pressure to be the “perfect mom,” constantly worrying about every decision and its impact on your kids? You’re carrying the weight of trying to be everything to everyone, all while fearing you’re not doing enough. You may struggle to say no, worry about disappointing others, or find yourself missing out on the joy of motherhood. But you’re ready to make a change. You’re ready to set boundaries, let go of guilt, and show up for yourself without fear. Most importantly, you’re ready to find peace in motherhood and offer your family, and yourself, the best version of you.
Do you feel overwhelmed by the pressure to be the “perfect mom,” constantly worrying about every decision and its impact on your kids? You’re carrying the weight of trying to be everything to everyone, all while fearing you’re not doing enough. You may struggle to say no, worry about disappointing others, or find yourself missing out on the joy of motherhood. But you’re ready to make a change. You’re ready to set boundaries, let go of guilt, and show up for yourself without fear. Most importantly, you’re ready to find peace in motherhood and offer your family, and yourself, the best version of you.
(830) 202-6354 View (830) 202-6354
Photo of Heather Patrickmftstudentintern Betsaberubiosupervior, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Heather Patrickmftstudentintern Betsaberubiosupervior
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78229
Hello and welcome! I see my job as helping process through life’s issues, we all know how life can be hard sometimes! Everyone needs someone to listen to them, this is what I do. I can help you heal from trauma, whether it is past or current, and walk along beside you in your journey to see yourself as a survivor. I am a great listener, there is no judgment here in this safe environment.
Hello and welcome! I see my job as helping process through life’s issues, we all know how life can be hard sometimes! Everyone needs someone to listen to them, this is what I do. I can help you heal from trauma, whether it is past or current, and walk along beside you in your journey to see yourself as a survivor. I am a great listener, there is no judgment here in this safe environment.
(210) 981-4848 View (210) 981-4848
Photo of Kotia K Whitaker, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kotia K Whitaker
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78230
I believe that treating individuals with dignity, respect and compassion transcends all categories and labels, and allows them to openly express their issues, needs and goals. As a systems therapist I understand the significance of a healthy relationship. I will strive to build a therapeutic relationship by creating a safe environment so you can heal, be strengthened by adversity and live life to the fullest.
I believe that treating individuals with dignity, respect and compassion transcends all categories and labels, and allows them to openly express their issues, needs and goals. As a systems therapist I understand the significance of a healthy relationship. I will strive to build a therapeutic relationship by creating a safe environment so you can heal, be strengthened by adversity and live life to the fullest.
(803) 836-9329 View (803) 836-9329
Photo of Gloria Jean Mendez, LPC-S, CGP, CCTP-II, NLP, KAP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Gloria Jean Mendez
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S, CGP, CCTP-II, NLP, KAP
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78230
Not accepting new clients
Life is like a book. Let me guide you in writing your next chapter on your terms. With over 20 years of experience as a LPC and living through my own good and bad chapters, I've developed personalized treatment modalities that combine curriculum-based methods and field experience for a unique healing journey. I work with clients ages 18 and up with Depression, Anxiety, Grief, Life Transitions, Women's Issues, and Couples with Relationship issues. If you're tired of how your story reads, let's connect and create the skills and heal the wounds needed to write your next chapter.
Life is like a book. Let me guide you in writing your next chapter on your terms. With over 20 years of experience as a LPC and living through my own good and bad chapters, I've developed personalized treatment modalities that combine curriculum-based methods and field experience for a unique healing journey. I work with clients ages 18 and up with Depression, Anxiety, Grief, Life Transitions, Women's Issues, and Couples with Relationship issues. If you're tired of how your story reads, let's connect and create the skills and heal the wounds needed to write your next chapter.
(210) 791-6245 View (210) 791-6245
Photo of Joslyn Drzymalla, MA, NCC, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Joslyn Drzymalla
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC-S
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78217
Welcome to my practice! For over ten years I have worked as a licensed counselor, with experience in addictions, family violence, at-risk adolescents, and working with the HIV/AIDS population. I have specific training in Cognitive-Behavioral, Rational Emotive Behavioral, and Solution-Focused Brief therapies. These therapies have been shown through research to be effective in treating depression, anxiety, addictions, and other mental health diagnoses. I also like to incorporate relaxation, mindfulness, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) techniques, and art therapy techniques in my work with clients.
Welcome to my practice! For over ten years I have worked as a licensed counselor, with experience in addictions, family violence, at-risk adolescents, and working with the HIV/AIDS population. I have specific training in Cognitive-Behavioral, Rational Emotive Behavioral, and Solution-Focused Brief therapies. These therapies have been shown through research to be effective in treating depression, anxiety, addictions, and other mental health diagnoses. I also like to incorporate relaxation, mindfulness, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) techniques, and art therapy techniques in my work with clients.
(210) 625-8178 View (210) 625-8178
Photo of Benjamin Conner, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Benjamin Conner
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78259
Trauma, abuse, self esteem issues, substance use, part of a military family, tired of fighting anxiety or burned our from trauma. I have lived through all of that. They want relief from fighting internal battles, they want to be able to feel without hurting, they want to feel like themselves but may not even know their own identity outside of the chaos.
Trauma, abuse, self esteem issues, substance use, part of a military family, tired of fighting anxiety or burned our from trauma. I have lived through all of that. They want relief from fighting internal battles, they want to be able to feel without hurting, they want to feel like themselves but may not even know their own identity outside of the chaos.
(512) 714-3403 View (512) 714-3403
Photo of Linda Brown, LPC, NCC, C-DBT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Linda Brown
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, C-DBT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78232
Do you envision better relationships, EVEN with yourself? Does negative self-talk challenge the way you think, creating a variety of unsettling emotions leading to avoidance and insecurity? I offer safe, non-judgmental space to process hardships and triumphs that create anxiety, depression, and inability to enjoy your life in the present moment. Learn how self-love and self-care improve overall health. Take charge of your sleeping habits. Find your voice while creating & maintaining strong internal and external boundaries. Healthy communication skills incorporated to improve work and personal interactions for the life you deserve!
Do you envision better relationships, EVEN with yourself? Does negative self-talk challenge the way you think, creating a variety of unsettling emotions leading to avoidance and insecurity? I offer safe, non-judgmental space to process hardships and triumphs that create anxiety, depression, and inability to enjoy your life in the present moment. Learn how self-love and self-care improve overall health. Take charge of your sleeping habits. Find your voice while creating & maintaining strong internal and external boundaries. Healthy communication skills incorporated to improve work and personal interactions for the life you deserve!
(210) 899-0484 View (210) 899-0484
Photo of Sandra Grace Martinez, LPC, MA, MFT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sandra Grace Martinez
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78232  (Online Only)
Now accepting new clients! I am an English and Spanish provider and LPC in Texas with 13 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, trauma and abuse, anger management, & depression. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. I will tailor our dialog and treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs. Taking the first step to sign up for therapy can take courage. Look forward to working to meet you and your families need.
Now accepting new clients! I am an English and Spanish provider and LPC in Texas with 13 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, trauma and abuse, anger management, & depression. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. I will tailor our dialog and treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs. Taking the first step to sign up for therapy can take courage. Look forward to working to meet you and your families need.
(726) 204-4815 View (726) 204-4815
Photo of Miranda M. Solis, MS, NCC, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Miranda M. Solis
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, LPC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78229
I graduated from UTSA in 2012 with a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology with minors in Sociology and Philosophy and again in 2015 with a Master of Science in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. I worked in higher education, counseling college students for nine years. While I have a passion for helping young adults navigate their mental health, I equally enjoy working with teens, couples and families. I draw from various therapeutic styles, including CBT and Relational-Cultural Theory. I enjoy taking a person-centered approach to journey alongside my clients throughout the therapeutic process.
I graduated from UTSA in 2012 with a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology with minors in Sociology and Philosophy and again in 2015 with a Master of Science in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. I worked in higher education, counseling college students for nine years. While I have a passion for helping young adults navigate their mental health, I equally enjoy working with teens, couples and families. I draw from various therapeutic styles, including CBT and Relational-Cultural Theory. I enjoy taking a person-centered approach to journey alongside my clients throughout the therapeutic process.
(210) 880-2393 View (210) 880-2393
Photo of Barbara Viridiana Davis, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Barbara Viridiana Davis
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78229
Hi, my name is Barbara! Its so very nice to meet you! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor having over 20 years of experience working with children, adolescents, young adult, middle age adults and seniors. With almost three decades of experience, I've come to know that all great things are worthwhile and therefore require consistency and patience. I cannot promise you a solution, but I can guarantee you that together we can make great progress along your life journey! I am bilingual Spanish!
Hi, my name is Barbara! Its so very nice to meet you! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor having over 20 years of experience working with children, adolescents, young adult, middle age adults and seniors. With almost three decades of experience, I've come to know that all great things are worthwhile and therefore require consistency and patience. I cannot promise you a solution, but I can guarantee you that together we can make great progress along your life journey! I am bilingual Spanish!
(210) 764-5661 View (210) 764-5661
Photo of Susan Elizabeth Ruiz, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Susan Elizabeth Ruiz
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78251
I’m a licensed professional counselor who specializes in areas such as mood disorders like depression, bipolar, schizophrenia disorders and symptoms of anxiety, trauma, OCD, etc. I am fluent in Spanish.
I’m a licensed professional counselor who specializes in areas such as mood disorders like depression, bipolar, schizophrenia disorders and symptoms of anxiety, trauma, OCD, etc. I am fluent in Spanish.
(210) 899-7152 View (210) 899-7152
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Antonio, TX

2,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in San Antonio, TX who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
72% Coping Skills
71% Self Esteem
70% Relationship Issues
70% Stress
69% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

89% Aetna
77% BlueCross and BlueShield
73% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in San Antonio, TX see their clients

53% In Person and Online
47% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Antonio?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.