Therapists in Westlake, OH

Photo of Heidi M Kloss, PhD, ATR-BC, LPCC-S, Counselor
Heidi M Kloss
Counselor, PhD, ATR-BC, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Westlake, OH 44145
Waitlist for new clients
Do you often feel anxious, worried, or depressed? Do your family members or friends tell you that you worry too much? I have over twenty years of experience helping children, adolescents and adults work through barriers that are keeping them from living life to the fullest. Whether the struggle is with managing anxiety, depression, ADHD symptoms, or symptoms as a result of trauma, I provide a safe and comfortable environment for learning strategies and skills for impacting positive change.
Do you often feel anxious, worried, or depressed? Do your family members or friends tell you that you worry too much? I have over twenty years of experience helping children, adolescents and adults work through barriers that are keeping them from living life to the fullest. Whether the struggle is with managing anxiety, depression, ADHD symptoms, or symptoms as a result of trauma, I provide a safe and comfortable environment for learning strategies and skills for impacting positive change.
(216) 313-8875 View (216) 313-8875
Photo of Audra Popik, LPCC, LIDC
Audra Popik
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, LIDC
Verified Verified
Westlake, OH 44145
Imagine feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, depression, or the complexities of relationships and addiction. You might be a new parent grappling with perinatal depression, or someone navigating the highs and lows of bipolar disorder. Your goal is to find balance, peace, and a path forward. You need a compassionate guide who understands your struggles and can offer practical, effective strategies to help you heal and thrive.
Imagine feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, depression, or the complexities of relationships and addiction. You might be a new parent grappling with perinatal depression, or someone navigating the highs and lows of bipolar disorder. Your goal is to find balance, peace, and a path forward. You need a compassionate guide who understands your struggles and can offer practical, effective strategies to help you heal and thrive.
(440) 703-6258 View (440) 703-6258
Photo of Clare Geither, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Clare Geither
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Westlake, OH 44145
Childhood and young adulthood can be a time of incredible change and growth. Alongside these changes, many children and teens experience anxiety, depression, stressors and even trauma that can impact their well-being as well as your family unit. When you or your child are struggling to cope, it can feel overwhelming to take the first step and reach out for help. As a licensed social worker, I have worked with families and children, young adults, and adults. I can help you or your loved ones go from a place of frustration and sadness to healing and growth.
Childhood and young adulthood can be a time of incredible change and growth. Alongside these changes, many children and teens experience anxiety, depression, stressors and even trauma that can impact their well-being as well as your family unit. When you or your child are struggling to cope, it can feel overwhelming to take the first step and reach out for help. As a licensed social worker, I have worked with families and children, young adults, and adults. I can help you or your loved ones go from a place of frustration and sadness to healing and growth.
(440) 689-2760 View (440) 689-2760
Photo of Steve Grauel, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Steve Grauel
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Westlake, OH 44145
It is my belief that every person possesses the potential to heal and grow. Despite this potential, we all face adversity and challenges in life, and we sometimes need help overcoming these challenges - that's what therapy is for. Together, we can work to identify stressors and challenges that you face, and match them with a treatment that meets your needs.
It is my belief that every person possesses the potential to heal and grow. Despite this potential, we all face adversity and challenges in life, and we sometimes need help overcoming these challenges - that's what therapy is for. Together, we can work to identify stressors and challenges that you face, and match them with a treatment that meets your needs.
(216) 238-6295 View (216) 238-6295
Photo of Jess Sudik, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jess Sudik
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Westlake, OH 44145
Do you feel like a part of you is missing? Do you feel like you are alone in your struggles? I am here to help. Life can feel overwhelming and oftentimes hopeless. I am here to tell you it gets better! Taking the first step and reaching out can be the hardest so I congratulate you on getting this far. I work with struggles ranging from suicidal ideation, self-harm, bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, depression, and trauma.
Do you feel like a part of you is missing? Do you feel like you are alone in your struggles? I am here to help. Life can feel overwhelming and oftentimes hopeless. I am here to tell you it gets better! Taking the first step and reaching out can be the hardest so I congratulate you on getting this far. I work with struggles ranging from suicidal ideation, self-harm, bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, depression, and trauma.
(440) 510-3679 View (440) 510-3679
Photo of Olivia Widmer, CT, Intern , Counselor
Olivia Widmer
Counselor, CT, Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Westlake, OH 44145
I am working towards my professional counselor licensure and I am completing my internship at Impact Counseling Solutions under the supervision of Michelle M. Paul (LPCC-S). I have experience as a School Counselor and Registered Behavior Technician and specialize in many disorders including anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and depressive disorders. I integrate evidence-based therapies with a compassionate, client-centered focus.
I am working towards my professional counselor licensure and I am completing my internship at Impact Counseling Solutions under the supervision of Michelle M. Paul (LPCC-S). I have experience as a School Counselor and Registered Behavior Technician and specialize in many disorders including anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and depressive disorders. I integrate evidence-based therapies with a compassionate, client-centered focus.
(440) 636-1177 View (440) 636-1177
Photo of Abbey King, LPCC, LCPC, LCADC, Counselor
Abbey King
Counselor, LPCC, LCPC, LCADC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Westlake, OH 44145
Waitlist for new clients
I am currently a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in the state of OH and have inactive licenses for professional counseling in Pennsylvania and Nevada and clinical drug and alcohol issues in the state of NV. I work with individuals age 16+ with various presenting concerns. I strongly believe that every individual’s story should be shared and validated, and by providing a person-centered and non-judgmental environment we can facilitate desired change and growth together.
I am currently a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in the state of OH and have inactive licenses for professional counseling in Pennsylvania and Nevada and clinical drug and alcohol issues in the state of NV. I work with individuals age 16+ with various presenting concerns. I strongly believe that every individual’s story should be shared and validated, and by providing a person-centered and non-judgmental environment we can facilitate desired change and growth together.
(440) 201-4488 View (440) 201-4488
Photo of Brittany Buddie, MSW, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brittany Buddie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Westlake, OH 44145
Brittany has experience in both private practice and community mental health, child welfare, foster care, and substance abuse settings. Brittany utilizes a holistic approach and incorporates multiple modalities into her practice in order to best tailor sessions to meet client needs. Brittany is an LGBTQ+ ally and has experience working with adolescents beginning age 12+, teenagers, dual diagnoses, women's issues, substance abuse, and grief processing. Brittany's focus thus far has been mastering the clinical skills to help provide clients with the tools to heal from trauma and begin living fulfilling lives.
Brittany has experience in both private practice and community mental health, child welfare, foster care, and substance abuse settings. Brittany utilizes a holistic approach and incorporates multiple modalities into her practice in order to best tailor sessions to meet client needs. Brittany is an LGBTQ+ ally and has experience working with adolescents beginning age 12+, teenagers, dual diagnoses, women's issues, substance abuse, and grief processing. Brittany's focus thus far has been mastering the clinical skills to help provide clients with the tools to heal from trauma and begin living fulfilling lives.
(440) 664-3942 View (440) 664-3942
Photo of Kassandra Roldan, LISW, ADHD-CC, C-DBT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kassandra Roldan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW, ADHD-CC, C-DBT
Verified Verified
Westlake, OH 44145  (Online Only)
Are you interested in learning tools that can help you feel more in control of your emotions instead of your emotions controlling you and getting in the way of you living life you want? I can help you process the thoughts and feelings that make life feel harder than it needs to be. Not everyone's mind functions the same way and that's a beautiful thing but that also means that the way people cope with life also has to be individualized. I can help you learn how to embrace who you are by exploring the right tools that address the areas of your life that you are struggling with so you can lead a life that is fulfilling to you.
Are you interested in learning tools that can help you feel more in control of your emotions instead of your emotions controlling you and getting in the way of you living life you want? I can help you process the thoughts and feelings that make life feel harder than it needs to be. Not everyone's mind functions the same way and that's a beautiful thing but that also means that the way people cope with life also has to be individualized. I can help you learn how to embrace who you are by exploring the right tools that address the areas of your life that you are struggling with so you can lead a life that is fulfilling to you.
(440) 595-6701 View (440) 595-6701
Photo of Amanda Ward, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amanda Ward
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Westlake, OH 44145
Do you struggle with anxiety, depression, or emotional dysregulation that affects your day-to-day life? Do you feel overwhelmed by the idea of just getting through the day and sometimes use ineffective behaviors to cope? Do you wonder if life should feel better or more enjoyable? Often individuals are feeling uncertain about how they are supposed to navigate the challenges life throws at us while maintaining our relationships, careers, and ensuring we are taking care of ourselves. You may feel pressure to have it all together without knowing how to do so. You may be looking for new ways to cope with pain of the past and present.
Do you struggle with anxiety, depression, or emotional dysregulation that affects your day-to-day life? Do you feel overwhelmed by the idea of just getting through the day and sometimes use ineffective behaviors to cope? Do you wonder if life should feel better or more enjoyable? Often individuals are feeling uncertain about how they are supposed to navigate the challenges life throws at us while maintaining our relationships, careers, and ensuring we are taking care of ourselves. You may feel pressure to have it all together without knowing how to do so. You may be looking for new ways to cope with pain of the past and present.
(440) 598-5817 x2 View (440) 598-5817 x2
Christy L Sugarman
Counselor, MA, PCC, LICDC
Verified Verified
Westlake, OH 44145
I have been working in the area of mental health, both in agency and private practice settings for over 20 years. I work with all populations, (children, adolescents, and adults) for individual, couples, and family therapy. My specialties include anxiety, depression, chemical dependency issues, attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder, parenting, personal growth and development issues, trauma, including sexual abuse issues, Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR), and Accelerated Resolution Therapy (ART).
I have been working in the area of mental health, both in agency and private practice settings for over 20 years. I work with all populations, (children, adolescents, and adults) for individual, couples, and family therapy. My specialties include anxiety, depression, chemical dependency issues, attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder, parenting, personal growth and development issues, trauma, including sexual abuse issues, Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR), and Accelerated Resolution Therapy (ART).
(440) 295-5144 View (440) 295-5144
Photo of Grace Mullen, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Grace Mullen
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Westlake, OH 44145
Everyone has mental health and deserves to have a space to learn, grow, and access coping skills in their own mental health journey. I believe that everyone is the expert of their own lives and as a counselor, it is important to work as a team with my clients to reach their own mental health and wellness goals. I believe that all feelings are valid and it is important not only to have these feelings validated by others, but that it is also important to be able to validate our own feelings as well.
Everyone has mental health and deserves to have a space to learn, grow, and access coping skills in their own mental health journey. I believe that everyone is the expert of their own lives and as a counselor, it is important to work as a team with my clients to reach their own mental health and wellness goals. I believe that all feelings are valid and it is important not only to have these feelings validated by others, but that it is also important to be able to validate our own feelings as well.
(440) 276-3701 View (440) 276-3701
Photo of Sierra Perez, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sierra Perez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Westlake, OH 44145
It takes strength to acknowledge when something is wrong. Through looking for a counselor, you have displayed this. I can imagine by now you might be feeling overwhelmed or distressed by what's recently occurred or what's built up over time. You may be looking to build on your coping skills or enhance your way of thinking about life. Or, maybe you just want someone to talk to about your everyday obstacles. For whatever life brings you, I am here to offer you support and guidance. Some of my clinical areas of focus include, but are not limited to: depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, and trauma-related disorders.
It takes strength to acknowledge when something is wrong. Through looking for a counselor, you have displayed this. I can imagine by now you might be feeling overwhelmed or distressed by what's recently occurred or what's built up over time. You may be looking to build on your coping skills or enhance your way of thinking about life. Or, maybe you just want someone to talk to about your everyday obstacles. For whatever life brings you, I am here to offer you support and guidance. Some of my clinical areas of focus include, but are not limited to: depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, and trauma-related disorders.
(440) 455-1511 View (440) 455-1511
Photo of Marjorie Hoelker, PsyD, Psychologist
Marjorie Hoelker
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Westlake, OH 44145
I use a collaborative approach in understanding and appreciating each client's story, goals, and desire for change. While meeting with clients, I hope to support, educate and motivate so that health, wellness and a mindful approach can be utilized by clients as they move forward and live fully. My treatment philosophy includes providing a safe, open and confidential environment in which clients can discuss, learn and try out new ways of communicating and being in relationships, managing and living with a variety of mental/physical health issues, and fully realizing their goals and potential.
I use a collaborative approach in understanding and appreciating each client's story, goals, and desire for change. While meeting with clients, I hope to support, educate and motivate so that health, wellness and a mindful approach can be utilized by clients as they move forward and live fully. My treatment philosophy includes providing a safe, open and confidential environment in which clients can discuss, learn and try out new ways of communicating and being in relationships, managing and living with a variety of mental/physical health issues, and fully realizing their goals and potential.
(440) 220-6209 x21 View (440) 220-6209 x21
Photo of Nicole Demetra Coutris, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Nicole Demetra Coutris
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Westlake, OH 44145
<<**I am currently accepting new clients, both in person and telehealth** >> Partner and co-founder of Cleveland Therapy Group. I seek to help people who are actively seeking to better themselves. I honor being allowed to be a part of your journey. I aim to meet the person where they are at and work in whatever direction that they would like to lead me to while challenging and continuing to encourage progress and growth.
<<**I am currently accepting new clients, both in person and telehealth** >> Partner and co-founder of Cleveland Therapy Group. I seek to help people who are actively seeking to better themselves. I honor being allowed to be a part of your journey. I aim to meet the person where they are at and work in whatever direction that they would like to lead me to while challenging and continuing to encourage progress and growth.
(216) 270-7530 View (216) 270-7530
Photo of Cristal López Vélez, MEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Cristal López Vélez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Westlake, OH 44145  (Online Only)
As a counselor, I offer a safe and supportive space for you to explore what’s weighing on your mind, process challenging emotions, and find clarity. Whether you’re facing stress, depression, unresolved trauma, relationship conflicts, identity questions, or self-doubt, we’ll work together to help you gain insight and feel more grounded. I am an LGBTQIA+ affirming, body-positive, trauma-informed, socially conscious, and anti-racist/anti-oppressive therapist, dedicated to respecting and honoring your unique story. If you’re ready to take this step, feel free to reach out, and let’s discuss how therapy might look for you.
As a counselor, I offer a safe and supportive space for you to explore what’s weighing on your mind, process challenging emotions, and find clarity. Whether you’re facing stress, depression, unresolved trauma, relationship conflicts, identity questions, or self-doubt, we’ll work together to help you gain insight and feel more grounded. I am an LGBTQIA+ affirming, body-positive, trauma-informed, socially conscious, and anti-racist/anti-oppressive therapist, dedicated to respecting and honoring your unique story. If you’re ready to take this step, feel free to reach out, and let’s discuss how therapy might look for you.
(440) 595-5547 View (440) 595-5547
Photo of Michelle M Paul, MEd, LPCC-S, Counselor
Michelle M Paul
Counselor, MEd, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Westlake, OH 44145
I am a licensed professional clinical counselor supervisor in the state of Ohio. My specialties include the treatment of anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, personality disorders, and trauma-related disorders. I offer diagnostic assessment and empirically based treatment for children, adolescents, and adults. I am certified in Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), but use a combination of therapy techniques based on your individual needs including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and Mindfulness techniques with an emphasis on social skills training.
I am a licensed professional clinical counselor supervisor in the state of Ohio. My specialties include the treatment of anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, personality disorders, and trauma-related disorders. I offer diagnostic assessment and empirically based treatment for children, adolescents, and adults. I am certified in Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), but use a combination of therapy techniques based on your individual needs including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and Mindfulness techniques with an emphasis on social skills training.
(440) 455-1511 View (440) 455-1511
Photo of Jackie Garn - The Center For Every Body LLC, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
The Center For Every Body LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Westlake, OH 44145
You may have ended up here if you have found yourself trying all of the fad diets only to have gained the weight back. When someone pulls out the dessert at events, you probably feel embarrassed, ashamed, and tend to withdraw because the thoughts you have about food consume you. It makes total sense that you believe if you were “the right size” you’d be happy and content with your body. The way we think and feel about our bodies and food directly impact our mental and physical health. In reality, the guilt and anxiety you have around food is what you need some support around – we get that and we are here for you!
You may have ended up here if you have found yourself trying all of the fad diets only to have gained the weight back. When someone pulls out the dessert at events, you probably feel embarrassed, ashamed, and tend to withdraw because the thoughts you have about food consume you. It makes total sense that you believe if you were “the right size” you’d be happy and content with your body. The way we think and feel about our bodies and food directly impact our mental and physical health. In reality, the guilt and anxiety you have around food is what you need some support around – we get that and we are here for you!
(440) 530-7568 View (440) 530-7568
Photo of Jamiee Imbrogno, MSW, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jamiee Imbrogno
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW
Verified Verified
Westlake, OH 44145
Jamiee has worked with domestic violence, substance abuse, at risk children, and trauma survivors. Jamiee has a passion for providing compassionate and empathetic support to the individuals in which she serves. Jamiee has expertise in working with domestic violence survivors, personality disorders, trauma related disorders, depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, behavioral disorders, and individuals who are experiencing grief and/or loss.
Jamiee has worked with domestic violence, substance abuse, at risk children, and trauma survivors. Jamiee has a passion for providing compassionate and empathetic support to the individuals in which she serves. Jamiee has expertise in working with domestic violence survivors, personality disorders, trauma related disorders, depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, behavioral disorders, and individuals who are experiencing grief and/or loss.
(440) 548-1779 View (440) 548-1779
Photo of Kristin Cawley, LPCC, Counselor
Kristin Cawley
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Westlake, OH 44145  (Online Only)
Life is just hard sometimes. An unexpected challenge, traumatic event or ongoing life struggles can make it difficult to manage emotions day-to-day. Some days you may be overwhelmed, full of worry, irritable, sad or lonely and unable to find joy and happiness. Having the courage to ask for help is the hardest and most important step. I’m here to guide you through these challenging times and to lead you to find yourself again
Life is just hard sometimes. An unexpected challenge, traumatic event or ongoing life struggles can make it difficult to manage emotions day-to-day. Some days you may be overwhelmed, full of worry, irritable, sad or lonely and unable to find joy and happiness. Having the courage to ask for help is the hardest and most important step. I’m here to guide you through these challenging times and to lead you to find yourself again
(216) 600-0822 View (216) 600-0822
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Westlake, OH

200+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Westlake, OH who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
93% Depression
79% Self Esteem
77% Relationship Issues
76% Coping Skills
74% Stress
70% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

90% Medical Mutual
87% Aetna
80% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Westlake, OH see their clients

80% In Person and Online
20% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
15% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Westlake?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.