Therapists in Grand Rapids, MI

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Photo of Kara Pettinger, LMSW, CPC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kara Pettinger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49546  (Online Only)
First of all - I am so glad you are here. Reaching out for support can feel vulnerable and uncomfortable, but it's when we lean into those places of discomfort that growth can be found. I am inspired by IFS, mindfulness, CBT, self-compassion, and the work around shame and vulnerability and infuse each modality into my therapeutic work. I also value integrating the coaching philosophy into my therapeutic approach and I ultimately believe in the power of supporting each individual as a whole, unique person to create space for healing and overall well-being.
First of all - I am so glad you are here. Reaching out for support can feel vulnerable and uncomfortable, but it's when we lean into those places of discomfort that growth can be found. I am inspired by IFS, mindfulness, CBT, self-compassion, and the work around shame and vulnerability and infuse each modality into my therapeutic work. I also value integrating the coaching philosophy into my therapeutic approach and I ultimately believe in the power of supporting each individual as a whole, unique person to create space for healing and overall well-being.
(616) 441-0871 View (616) 441-0871
Photo of Jennifer M Alder, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer M Alder
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49506
My ideal client would be someone who recognizes that something in their life needs to change whether within themselves or their environment. They may be struggling with difficulties with mood, relationships, trauma, addiction or simply trying to make personal improvements in their lives. They understand that the therapeutic process is a partnership with a willingness to do some personal work while I walk along side them as we work together to create the change in their life they are seeking. I am registered with Better Help and also take a number of private pay clients.
My ideal client would be someone who recognizes that something in their life needs to change whether within themselves or their environment. They may be struggling with difficulties with mood, relationships, trauma, addiction or simply trying to make personal improvements in their lives. They understand that the therapeutic process is a partnership with a willingness to do some personal work while I walk along side them as we work together to create the change in their life they are seeking. I am registered with Better Help and also take a number of private pay clients.
(616) 319-4615 View (616) 319-4615
Photo of Tashuna Hunt, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tashuna Hunt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
Waitlist for new clients
My greatest joy is helping individuals reach their full potential.
My greatest joy is helping individuals reach their full potential.
(616) 208-5409 View (616) 208-5409
Photo of Cindy L. Haner-Velzen, LMSW, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cindy L. Haner-Velzen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, LLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
Waitlist for new clients
I am dedicated to using my education, specialized training and extensive clinical expertise to guide clients in creating the life they desire and deserve to live. I am passionate about collaborating with clients and using evidenced based practices to increase healthy connections to self, life and others. Using Interactive Practices for Healing We, together, design a effective "blue print" for living which restores relationships, increases joy and decreases suffering.
I am dedicated to using my education, specialized training and extensive clinical expertise to guide clients in creating the life they desire and deserve to live. I am passionate about collaborating with clients and using evidenced based practices to increase healthy connections to self, life and others. Using Interactive Practices for Healing We, together, design a effective "blue print" for living which restores relationships, increases joy and decreases suffering.
(616) 918-3422 View (616) 918-3422
Photo of Becca Cline, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Becca Cline
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49503  (Online Only)
Life has a way of knocking us down, doesn’t it? It can be tough to create a life that feels fulfilling. We can find ourselves dissatisfied in our relationships, career, or life, and it can be difficult to shake the nagging sense that life has not turned out how we expected or hoped. Perhaps, you are struggling with a difficult boss or a job that doesn’t quite seem to fit your skill set. Or perhaps, no matter matter how hard you try you cannot seem to make progress with your relationships (whether that be your spouse, significant other, family, or friends), and it continues to be distant, disconnected, or conflicted.
Life has a way of knocking us down, doesn’t it? It can be tough to create a life that feels fulfilling. We can find ourselves dissatisfied in our relationships, career, or life, and it can be difficult to shake the nagging sense that life has not turned out how we expected or hoped. Perhaps, you are struggling with a difficult boss or a job that doesn’t quite seem to fit your skill set. Or perhaps, no matter matter how hard you try you cannot seem to make progress with your relationships (whether that be your spouse, significant other, family, or friends), and it continues to be distant, disconnected, or conflicted.
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Photo of Miriam Goldstein Lorrain, PhD, Psychologist
Miriam Goldstein Lorrain
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49503
Not accepting new clients
Life can be challenging for all of us at times. Maybe a new challenge or crisis has arisen, or maybe you want to address a problem you've carried for years. It can be hard, and takes strength, to acknowledge when you're stuck and need help dealing with painful feelings or self-defeating behaviors. I see adults and teens with a range of difficulties and goals, working together to understand and ease sorrow, anxiety, or anger; explore or (re-)discover parts of themselves; address problems in work, school, or relationships; heal from trauma; resolve ongoing battles with their mind or body; and/or live with greater joy and satisfaction.
Life can be challenging for all of us at times. Maybe a new challenge or crisis has arisen, or maybe you want to address a problem you've carried for years. It can be hard, and takes strength, to acknowledge when you're stuck and need help dealing with painful feelings or self-defeating behaviors. I see adults and teens with a range of difficulties and goals, working together to understand and ease sorrow, anxiety, or anger; explore or (re-)discover parts of themselves; address problems in work, school, or relationships; heal from trauma; resolve ongoing battles with their mind or body; and/or live with greater joy and satisfaction.
(734) 822-7173 View (734) 822-7173
Photo of Catherine Anne VanDeWege - Catherine A VanDeWege, LMSW, CAADC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Catherine A VanDeWege
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CAADC
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49503
My therapeutic intervention is looking at the past as necessary in making changes for the future. I'm certain that any unwanted behavior can be unlocked by recognizing the purpose or wanted outcome for said behavior and my passion is helping you identify that unmet need and make healthy changes. I enjoy working with clients that are willing to do things outside of the therapeutic office setting such as writing, art, and/or practicing skills learned, and then reporting back in session the helpfulness of each strategy.
My therapeutic intervention is looking at the past as necessary in making changes for the future. I'm certain that any unwanted behavior can be unlocked by recognizing the purpose or wanted outcome for said behavior and my passion is helping you identify that unmet need and make healthy changes. I enjoy working with clients that are willing to do things outside of the therapeutic office setting such as writing, art, and/or practicing skills learned, and then reporting back in session the helpfulness of each strategy.
(616) 499-6212 View (616) 499-6212
Photo of Yasmeen Barnes - Lake Michigan Counseling Services , LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lake Michigan Counseling Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49525
As a clinician I take a holistic approach, making sure to take into consideration all aspects of your life. I believe in taking a strengths-based perspective to give you the courage and motivation to implement the changes you wish to make. I am here to help empower you to create the life you want. While understanding and acknowledge collaboration with others allows cultural competence for myself and those I work with. I strive for critical awareness in an engaging environment while being inclusive for people to feel comfortable expressing themselves.
As a clinician I take a holistic approach, making sure to take into consideration all aspects of your life. I believe in taking a strengths-based perspective to give you the courage and motivation to implement the changes you wish to make. I am here to help empower you to create the life you want. While understanding and acknowledge collaboration with others allows cultural competence for myself and those I work with. I strive for critical awareness in an engaging environment while being inclusive for people to feel comfortable expressing themselves.
(616) 303-4484 x616916 View (616) 303-4484 x616916
Photo of Colleen Mrazek, LLMFT, LLC, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Colleen Mrazek
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LLMFT, LLC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49503
Many couples fall in love and set down the path of creating a life together. They manage small challenges and hurts in stride, yet one day they wake up and wonder how they got to this place. They find past hurts continue to surface throughout every argument, yet they don’t know why. Resentment builds, and each partner begins to feel alone despite being in a committed relationship. Some might even wonder how they ever fell in love with this person. Imagine if you didn’t feel this way. It can be a challenge, but couples do find connection again. You can find new ways to communicate, solve problems, and support one another.
Many couples fall in love and set down the path of creating a life together. They manage small challenges and hurts in stride, yet one day they wake up and wonder how they got to this place. They find past hurts continue to surface throughout every argument, yet they don’t know why. Resentment builds, and each partner begins to feel alone despite being in a committed relationship. Some might even wonder how they ever fell in love with this person. Imagine if you didn’t feel this way. It can be a challenge, but couples do find connection again. You can find new ways to communicate, solve problems, and support one another.
(616) 404-4667 View (616) 404-4667
Photo of Julia J Krump, LMSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Julia J Krump
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW-C
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49504  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Not Currently Accepting New Clients. I help people recover from people-pleasing, perfectionism, and other ways of coping with that uneasy feeling of insecurity in relationships. I know how it feels – I’ve been there too. I know how it feels to feel like you’re holding up the sky and that you must earn your place in someone’s life. And I know how it feels to learn how to let go and say, “no more” and go about creating the life you want, not the one you feel like you have to do.
Not Currently Accepting New Clients. I help people recover from people-pleasing, perfectionism, and other ways of coping with that uneasy feeling of insecurity in relationships. I know how it feels – I’ve been there too. I know how it feels to feel like you’re holding up the sky and that you must earn your place in someone’s life. And I know how it feels to learn how to let go and say, “no more” and go about creating the life you want, not the one you feel like you have to do.
(616) 585-0934 View (616) 585-0934
Photo of Joshua Edward Baron - Josh Baron Counseling and Therapy, LMSW, MDiv, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Josh Baron Counseling and Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, MDiv
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
Not accepting new clients
I'm a clinical social worker in Grand Rapids, Mi. I received my Master of Social Work degree from Western Michigan University and my Master of Divinity degree from Western Theological Seminary and have 19 years of experience providing professional care and counseling.
I'm a clinical social worker in Grand Rapids, Mi. I received my Master of Social Work degree from Western Michigan University and my Master of Divinity degree from Western Theological Seminary and have 19 years of experience providing professional care and counseling.
(616) 920-6445 View (616) 920-6445
Photo of Mike Copeland, Pre-Licensed Professional
Mike Copeland
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49508
Everyone has a story—what’s yours? Every day, our thoughts shape our experiences, influencing how we see ourselves and connect with others. If you struggle with people-pleasing, social anxiety, co-dependency, or childhood trauma, you’re not alone. These challenges can be overwhelming, often causing you to wear a mask, hiding your true self to fit in or avoid pain. But this mask doesn’t have to define your story. I offer a space to unpack and heal from the toughest parts of your story, helping you transition from trauma to healing, shame to self-compassion, people-pleasing to self-empowerment, and anxiety to authenticity.
Everyone has a story—what’s yours? Every day, our thoughts shape our experiences, influencing how we see ourselves and connect with others. If you struggle with people-pleasing, social anxiety, co-dependency, or childhood trauma, you’re not alone. These challenges can be overwhelming, often causing you to wear a mask, hiding your true self to fit in or avoid pain. But this mask doesn’t have to define your story. I offer a space to unpack and heal from the toughest parts of your story, helping you transition from trauma to healing, shame to self-compassion, people-pleasing to self-empowerment, and anxiety to authenticity.
(616) 727-7880 View (616) 727-7880
Photo of Amanda Haveman, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amanda Haveman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49503
Waitlist for new clients
I aim to create a safe, supportive, empathic, and validating environment for the clients I have the pleasure of working with. For over 15 years, I have provided attachment and trauma informed services to children, adolescents, and adults. I have experience supporting clients that struggle with a variety of issues including substance abuse, anxiety, depression, pregnancy and postpartum concerns, eating disorders, ADHD, and emotional regulation issues. I am honored to walk alongside you with compassion and open mindedness as you navigate the ebbs and flows of life.
I aim to create a safe, supportive, empathic, and validating environment for the clients I have the pleasure of working with. For over 15 years, I have provided attachment and trauma informed services to children, adolescents, and adults. I have experience supporting clients that struggle with a variety of issues including substance abuse, anxiety, depression, pregnancy and postpartum concerns, eating disorders, ADHD, and emotional regulation issues. I am honored to walk alongside you with compassion and open mindedness as you navigate the ebbs and flows of life.
(616) 344-5853 View (616) 344-5853
Photo of Melanie Hogeterp, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melanie Hogeterp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
Melanie Hogeterp LMSW is a clinical social worker serving adults who are in distress. Her mission is to provide a safe, nurturing environment for her clients to get to know themselves, disarm defenses, practice new skills, increase emotional literacy, and build competencies. She works with her clients to process traumas and reduce distress and with parents to add to their toolbox of parenting skills. Melanie's approach to treatment is based in attachment theory and she employs a variety of practice techniques as they apply to the needs of her clients including: IFS, CBT, and EMDR.
Melanie Hogeterp LMSW is a clinical social worker serving adults who are in distress. Her mission is to provide a safe, nurturing environment for her clients to get to know themselves, disarm defenses, practice new skills, increase emotional literacy, and build competencies. She works with her clients to process traumas and reduce distress and with parents to add to their toolbox of parenting skills. Melanie's approach to treatment is based in attachment theory and she employs a variety of practice techniques as they apply to the needs of her clients including: IFS, CBT, and EMDR.
(616) 548-6617 View (616) 548-6617
Photo of Megan Brock, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Megan Brock
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49503  (Online Only)
Making adjustments in your life can feel overwhelming and is not something you have to do alone. Therapy is a partnership that holds space for us to come together and explore any stuck points that may be holding you back from living the life you want. My approach to psychotherapy is relationship-focused and person-centered, recognizing that each individual deserves unique care.
Making adjustments in your life can feel overwhelming and is not something you have to do alone. Therapy is a partnership that holds space for us to come together and explore any stuck points that may be holding you back from living the life you want. My approach to psychotherapy is relationship-focused and person-centered, recognizing that each individual deserves unique care.
(616) 404-4671 View (616) 404-4671
Photo of Melissa Kay Zeeryp, LPC, NCC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melissa Kay Zeeryp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49505
It is my belief that we all need a supportive ear to hear us and guide us. It is my goal as your therapist to create a safe environment for you to share your story. I will be there to meet you where you are at; whether that is to lead and encourage you, walk beside you, or congratulate you for your success.
It is my belief that we all need a supportive ear to hear us and guide us. It is my goal as your therapist to create a safe environment for you to share your story. I will be there to meet you where you are at; whether that is to lead and encourage you, walk beside you, or congratulate you for your success.
(616) 205-9708 View (616) 205-9708
Photo of Erika Crenshaw, LMSW, CCTP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erika Crenshaw
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
Waitlist for new clients
Safety. Trust. Control. Esteem. Connection. These are the five basic, human needs that get disrupted by trauma and stress. And not getting these needs met in our lives and relationships makes life a lot more work. I want to help you make space for yourself to identify your needs. I bring a trauma-informed and trauma-focused lens and we will work together to help you build connections with yourself and others.
Safety. Trust. Control. Esteem. Connection. These are the five basic, human needs that get disrupted by trauma and stress. And not getting these needs met in our lives and relationships makes life a lot more work. I want to help you make space for yourself to identify your needs. I bring a trauma-informed and trauma-focused lens and we will work together to help you build connections with yourself and others.
(616) 207-2266 View (616) 207-2266
Photo of Scott Mcknight - 3rdchair - Counseling Center for Young Adults, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
3rdchair - Counseling Center for Young Adults
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49504
3rdchair believed a supportive community for young adults needed to exist. So, we looked around, and we did not see a unique place crafted to meet the needs our young adults are facing in today’s complex environment. Through that research and identifying their needs, we decided that this would be the place to champion young adults here in Michigan. We are a collective bunch of 25 counselors who specialize in counseling high school, college students, and 20-somethings. 3rdchair is a 501c3 nonprofit that ensures all young adults have access to counseling to get the help they need, regardless of their financial capacity.
3rdchair believed a supportive community for young adults needed to exist. So, we looked around, and we did not see a unique place crafted to meet the needs our young adults are facing in today’s complex environment. Through that research and identifying their needs, we decided that this would be the place to champion young adults here in Michigan. We are a collective bunch of 25 counselors who specialize in counseling high school, college students, and 20-somethings. 3rdchair is a 501c3 nonprofit that ensures all young adults have access to counseling to get the help they need, regardless of their financial capacity.
(616) 365-5644 View (616) 365-5644
Photo of Stephanie Lonsway - NOCD- Therapists for OCD, PhD, Psychologist
NOCD- Therapists for OCD
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49525  (Online Only)
Imagine what life would be like if you weren't bothered by OCD. NOCD is here to help you regain peace of mind. NOCD is a digital health company that’s focused on effectively treating people with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Inside the NOCD mobile app, you can work with one of our licensed mental health therapists with specialty training in OCD. When your therapist isn’t available, access support communities and therapeutic tools - so that you are never alone. NOCD’s protocol has been proven to reduce OCD severity by 40% in less than 10 weeks.
Imagine what life would be like if you weren't bothered by OCD. NOCD is here to help you regain peace of mind. NOCD is a digital health company that’s focused on effectively treating people with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Inside the NOCD mobile app, you can work with one of our licensed mental health therapists with specialty training in OCD. When your therapist isn’t available, access support communities and therapeutic tools - so that you are never alone. NOCD’s protocol has been proven to reduce OCD severity by 40% in less than 10 weeks.
(616) 202-5260 View (616) 202-5260
Photo of Kelly Ahti, LMSW, PMH-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kelly Ahti
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, PMH-C
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
Life can be messy, it can catch us off guard. We can find ourselves treading water and the things that used to keep us afloat aren’t working quite so well. Old wounds can dull our spark. If we’re human, we’ve all been there. I work with children, teens, and adults who are experiencing anxiety and depression, grief due to a death or those anticipating a loss, a life threatening medical diagnosis, anaphylactic food allergies and accompanying stressors, trauma, and parents with perinatal mood disorders.
Life can be messy, it can catch us off guard. We can find ourselves treading water and the things that used to keep us afloat aren’t working quite so well. Old wounds can dull our spark. If we’re human, we’ve all been there. I work with children, teens, and adults who are experiencing anxiety and depression, grief due to a death or those anticipating a loss, a life threatening medical diagnosis, anaphylactic food allergies and accompanying stressors, trauma, and parents with perinatal mood disorders.
(616) 205-9697 View (616) 205-9697
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Grand Rapids, MI

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Grand Rapids, MI who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
89% Depression
76% Self Esteem
75% Relationship Issues
72% Trauma and PTSD
70% Coping Skills
70% Stress

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

94% BlueCross and BlueShield
70% Priority Health
68% Aetna

How Therapists in Grand Rapids, MI see their clients

72% In Person and Online
28% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Grand Rapids?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.